Modular Design

In modern media products interact essential design patterns that are dependent on the communicative goals and on the typology of the magazine, on the one hand, and - ensure unity of the elements and organic matter of the product. Here may be found to certain relations, formulated as the main compositional design principles, valid in publications of different types, covering all components of the graphics, among them: universality, visual access, aesthetics, usability, modular design, similarity, consistency, constancy, redundancy, economy, simplicity, nearness, visibility, symmetry and asymmetry, balance and rhythm, scale, contrast, hierarchy.

Europe is facing an increasing demand for new construction, which is pushing the industry away from traditional construction technology towards prefabrication and Mass-Customization. However, prefabrication-based construction requires a more efficient, better informed decision making process due to the increased difficulty of on-site variations. Furthermore, the lack of means to navigate the whole spectrum of solutions for a given design problem using traditional tools, and the absence of the manufacturer's input in the early phases of the project can present significant challenges for the efficiency of the design and construction process. As a way to face these challenges, this paper presents an approach, realized as an Autodesk Dynamo-for-Revit package called Box Module Generator (BMG), which enables the exhaustive generation of configurations for a given building based on a construction scheme that utilizes Box Prefabricates. The output can be sorted, dissected and explored b...

Coupled-bunch instabilities excited by RF cavity high order modes or resistive wall impedance can seriously limit the performance of third generation synchrotron light sources like ELETTRA. These instabilities can be cured by the use of active feedback systems. In the digital bunch-by-bunch approach adopted at ELETTRA, the position of the 432 bunches is sampled and corrected employing 500 Msample/s A/D and D/A converters. The correction values are computed by a multi-processor architecture made of state-of-the-art DSPs (Digital Signal Processors). A modular design allows to use commercial- off-the-shelf (COTS) components for the most critical parts of the system.

The Spaceport Processing Systems Branch at NASA Kennedy Space Center has developed and deployed an agent based tool to monitor the Space Shuttle's ground processing telemetry stream. The application, the NASA Engineering Shuttle Telemetry Agent, increases situational awareness for system and hardware engineers during ground processing of the Shuttle's subsystems. The agent provides autonomous monitoring of the telemetry stream and automatically alerts system engineers when predefined criteria have been met. Efficiency and safety are improved through increased automation. Sandia National Labs' Java Expert System Shell is employed as the rule engine. The shell's predicate logic lends itself well to capturing the heuristics and specifying the engineering rules of this spaceport domain. The declarative paradigm of the rule-based agent yields a highly modular and scalable design spanning multiple subsystems of the Shuttle. Several hundred monitoring rules have been written thus far with corresponding notifications sent to Shuttle engineers. This paper discusses the rule-based telemetry agent used for Space Shuttle ground processing and explains the problem domain, development of the agent software, benefits of AI technology, and deployment and sustaining engineering of the product.

This survey treats the Hilbert Book Model Project. The project concerns a well-founded, purely mathematical model of physical reality. The project relies on the conviction that physical reality owns its own kind of mathematics and that this mathematics guides and restricts the extension of the foundation to more complicated levels of the structure and the behavior of physical reality. This results in a model that more and more resembles the physical reality that humans can observe.

The aim of the development was the construction of a freely programmable handling system for use as an experimental plant for various tasks in research and development in the field of overground workings where freely programmable movement and force patterns are important. The system should be suitable for building assembly work in particular. With regard to the robot technology and the assembly operations, plans which are worked out theoretically are checked here and developed further by practical experience.

In this paper, we present the IRIS architectural synthesis system for high-performance digital signal processing. This tool allows non-specialists to automatically derive VLSI circuit architectures from high-level, algorithmic representations, and provides a quick route to silicon implementation. By incorporating a novel synthesis methodology, called the Modular Design Procedure, within the IRIS system, parameterised models of complex and innovative DSP hardware can be derived and automatically assembled to create new DSP systems. ...

XML is a technology that has been widely adopted for data exchange, particularly in Web and e-commerce applications. This paper proposes the use of XML also for network packet processing. It presents some XML-based languages for data exchange and it identifies some examples in which XML can enable a new, modular design of network applications while maintaining the required high processing efficiency. These technologies have been implemented in the NetBee library, which provides an excellent way to give an insight of the performance obtainable with the proposed approach.

The constrained resources of sensor nodes limit analytical techniques as well as cost-time factors limit test beds to study wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Consequently, simulation becomes an essential tool to evaluate such systems. We present the PAWiS (Power Aware Wireless Sensors) simulation framework that supports design and simulation of wireless sensor networks and nodes. The framework emphasizes power consumption capturing and hence the identification of inefficiencies in various hardware and software modules of the systems. These modules include all layers of the communication system, the targeted class of application itself, the power supply and energy management, the central processing unit (CPU), and the sensoractuator interface. The modular design makes it possible to simulate heterogeneous systems. PAWiS is an OMNeT++ based discrete event simulator written in C++. It captures the node internals (modules) as well as the node surroundings (network, environment) and provides specific features critical to WSNs like capturing power consumption at various levels of granularity, support for mobility and environmental dynamics as well as the simulation of timing effects. A module library with standardized interfaces and a power analysis tool have been developed to support the design and analysis of simulation models. The performance of the PAWiS simulator is comparable with other simulation environments. 2

A compact aneutronic fusion engine will enable more challenging exploration missions in the solar system. This engine uses a deuterium-helium-3 reaction to produce fusion energy by employing a novel field-reversed magnetic field configuration (FRC). The FRC has a simple linear solenoidal coil configuration yet generates higher plasma pressures for a given magnetic field than other designs. Waste heat generated from bremsstrahlung and synchrotron radiation is recycled to maintain the fusion temperature. The charged reaction products, augmented by additional propellant, are exhausted through a magnetic nozzle. As an example, we present a mission to deploy the James Webb Space Telescope from LEO to an L2 halo orbit using a one MW compact aneutronic fusion rocket engine. The engine produces 20 N of thrust with an exhaust velocity of 55 km/s and has a specific power of 0.70 kW/kg.

Объектом исследования являлись методы адаптации типовых технологических схем для малых внутрихозяйственных комбикормовых заводов. Типовая технологическая схема адаптируется для конкретного завода методом исключения ненужных в данной конфигурации дополнительных технологических модулей, либо в их замене на другие модули, позволяющие добиться требуемого уровня качества обработки сырья или комбикорма путем замены имеющихся технологических операций на более совершенные, а также в добавлении в схему новых модулей. Разработан алгоритм адаптации типовой технологической схемы производства комбикормов для внутрихозяйственного завода, позволяющий максимально учесть при проектировании специфические условия и потребности конкретного сельхозпредприятия. Применение адаптированных модульных технологических схем на проектируемых малых комбикормовых заводах позволит значительно повысить питательную ценность и биологическую безопасность производимых комбикормов.
Для цитирования: Бахчевников О.Н. Адаптация типовой технологической схемы для малого внутрихозяйственного комбикормового завода / О.Н. Бахчевников, С.В. Брагинец // Политематический сетевой электронный научный журнал Кубанского государственного аграрного университета (Научный журнал КубГАУ). [Электронный ресурс]. – Краснодар: КубГАУ, 2018. – № 07 (141). – IDA [article ID]: 1411807004.
Methods of standard manufacturing schemes adaptation for small-scale intraeconomic formula-feed plants in case of their design were a research object. The standard manufacturing scheme adapts for specific plant by process of elimination of unnecessary additional technological modules in this configuration, or in their changeover by other modules allowing to achieve the required quality level of processing of raw materials or compound feed by changeover of the available technological operations by more perfect and also in adding in the scheme of new modules. The adaptation algorithm of the standard manufacturing scheme for production the compound feeds is developed for the intraeconomic plant. The algorithm creates an opportunity as much as possible to consider specific conditions and needs of specific agricultural enterprise in case of design. Application of the adapted modular technological circuits on the designed small-scale formula-feed plants will allow to increase considerably nutritional value and biological safety of the produced compound feeds.

Брагинец С.В., Бахчевников О.Н., Бенова Е.В. Преимущества модульного проектирования малых комбикормовых заводов // Вестник Курской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии. – 2018. – № 6. – С. 141–145.
В настоящее время отсутствуют специфические методы проектирования малых комбикормовых заводов, учитывающие особенности внутрихозяйственного производства кормов. Добиться значительного снижения затрат времени и труда возможно только при проектировании малого предприятия на базе модульного принципа построения. Целью исследования являлась наглядная демонстрация преимуществ модульного проектирования перед традиционным применительно к разработке проектов и созданию малых комбикормовых заводов. Ключевой эффект применения модульного метода проектирования для малых внутрихозяйственных комбикормовых предприятий заключается в сокращении сроков и трудоемкости планирования и, соответственно, снижении его стоимости. Значительно уменьшается сложность проектирования. Предполагаемое сокращение времени проектирования нового комбикормового предприятия по сравнению с традиционным составляет приблизительно 67%, при этом трудозатраты на планирование могут быть уменьшены на 50%. Проектирование модульного предприятия обойдется в 1,5-2% от полной стоимости его строительства, что в 4-5 раз меньше традиционного варианта. За счет использования при строительстве стандартных конструктивных модулей, доставляемых на стройплощадку с уже установленным внутри них оборудованием, стоимость строительно-монтажных работ по сравнению с возведением традиционного здания завода уменьшается в 3-3,5 раза. В итоге показана высокая эффективность проектирования малых комбикормовых заводов на основе модульного построения. Результатом будет являться формирование модульного предприятия оптимальной для данных условий компоновки, реализация которой создает основу для организации внутрихозяйственного производства полнорационных комбикормов на качественно более высоком уровне.
The specific methods of design of small-scale formula-feed plants considering features of intraeconomic production of forages are absent now. In case of design of the small-scale plant on the basis of the modular principle of creation the perhaps considerable lowering of expenses of time and work. Evident demonstration of advantages of modular design before traditional in case of project development and construction of small-scale formula-feed plants was a research objective. The key effect of application of the modular method of design for the small-scale intraeconomic formula-feed enterprises consists in abbreviation of periods and labor input of planning and lowering of its cost. Complexity of design considerably decreases. Alleged abbreviation of design time of the new formula-feed enterprise makes about 67 % in comparison with traditional. Labor input of planning can be reduced by 50 %. Design of the modular enterprise will cost 1.5-2 % of the overall cost of its construction. It is 4-5 times less than the cost of traditional construction. The cost of installation and construction works in comparison with construction of the traditional building of the plant decreases by 3-3.5 times because of use of the standard constructive modules delivered to the building site with the equipment which is already installed inside. High performance of design the small-scale formula-feed plants on the basis of modular creation is shown in the total. Formation of the modular enterprise of configuration, optimum for these conditions, which implementation creates a basis for the organization of intraeconomic production the full ration of compound feeds at qualitatively higher level will be result.

A new software package called CryoMag to carry out measurements of magnetic moments is presented. It is designed to work with SQUID magnetometers manufactured by 2G Enterprises, but the modular design allows easy adaption to other instruments like spinner magnetometers as well. The measurement process is optimized for, but not limited to, stepwise demagnetization experiments commonly used in paleomagnetism. A graphical representation of the data is always visible to the user in the form of orthogonal, stereographic and decay plots, which can be represented in in-situ, geographic or tilt corrected coordinates and can be saved to graphics files. Measurement positions can be easily customized. A comprehensive record of detailed measurement and statistical data is stored in XML (eXtensible Markup Language) based data files (*.cmag.xml). The final results of the measurements can be exported to various common file formats for further processing. The software is written in Python, an open source, cross-platform programming language and can therefore be used on all major operating systems like Windows, Linux and MacOS X (not tested).

Many recent modular design methods and approaches have focused on the modularization process ± decomposition and composition. This paper suggests an integrated methodology that includes additional tools and stages for a complete modular architecture design. The borders of the modular design process are expanded by adding strategic issues, appropriateness to modularity, degree of modularity and modularity strategies, in an operationalized manner. The methodology presents a``requirements analysisdecomposition-composition-design evaluation'' structure. The``modularization process'' is designed so as to choose from three different perspectives ± customer-based, function-based and structure-based design. To test and validate the methodology it was applied to a domestic gas detector product family. As a result, a new modular product architecture with eight modules was developed.

Vectors have been developed for inducible gene expression in Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus plantarum in which expression of the gene of interest is driven by strong, regulated promoters from bacteriocin operons found in L. sakei strains. The activity of these promoters is controlled via a two-component signal transduction system, which responds to an externally added peptide pheromone. The vectors have a modular design, permitting easy exchange of all essential elements: the inducible promoter, the cognate regulatory system, the gene of interest, the antibiotic resistance marker and the replicon. Various variants of these so-called 'pSIP' vectors were constructed and tested, differing in terms of the bacteriocin regulon from which the regulatory elements were derived (sakacin A or sakacin P), the regulated promoter selected from these regulons, and the replicon (derived from p256 or pSH71). Using b-glucuronidase (GusA) and aminopeptidase N (PepN) as reporters, it was shown that the best vectors permitted inducible, pheromone-dose-dependent gene expression at very high levels, while displaying moderate basal activities when not induced. The most effective set-up was obtained using a vector containing the pSH71 replicon, the orfX promoter from the sakacin P regulon, and the cognate regulatory genes, in a L. sakei host. GusA levels obtained with this set-up were approximately ten times higher than the levels obtained with prototype pSIP versions, whereas PepN levels amounted to almost 50 % of total cellular protein.

This article reviews the basic compositional principles of the book design, the elements of the layout, the approaches for allocating space in the book-the format of the book in set of pages and spreads, the page area format, the text measure, the gutters and margins, the use of networks and modular systems in the design process. The media book compared to digital-based media is characterized precisely by its particular materiality through external form and visualization centered around its value as an object emphasizing its contents. This feature of the book format is also the quality of the media, and design plays a key role. Well-shaped book is not over-designed or book looks like something untouched by the designer. Legibility, the consistent visual presentation, rhythm sequences-all in graphic design must be given to the reader and to follow its needs and reception rather than striving for expression of the artist.

This document presents an evolved Girih tile set beyond the five Girih Tiles popularized by Lu and Steinhardt. Additional tiles have been presented in multiple papers before, but here, a wider set is officially defined. I refer to this as the evolved tile set or evolved Girih tile set. It includes the adapter tiles, which also have been presented before, but not defined as a group or part of a tile set. Adapter tiles differ from the five Girih Tiles as the latter only have equilateral sides. This paper presents one category of adapters containing tiles having at least one side with the length of Φ. The aim is to establish non-equilateral sides as a necessary concept to enable tiling of a greater number of existing Islamic geometric patterns. This opens up for future introductions of other categories of non-equilateral tiles.

Many consumers are contented with the fast fashion styles, abundant choices, and affordable price. However, other consumers and environmental advocates began to question about this fast fashion system, including the problems of overconsumption and disposable clothing. As a result, many fashion practitioners and scholars have been developing different strategies and methods to minimise the fabric waste, and prolong the product lifespan through innovative design. The objectives of this study are twofold: (1) to explore various techniques for creating transformable clothing and (2) to gain a deeper understanding of how individuals (entrepreneurs, designers,
professors, and consumers) respond to their perceptions of transformable clothing, and issues of sustainability in China. This study consists of three stages – design experiments, in-depth interviews, and online surveys. In stage one, various design prototypes were developed, with one of them being selected as the visual stimuli for stages two and three. According to our results, many informants and online participants supported the concept of sustainable fashion as well as the idea of transformable garments. However, many professionals had numerous concerns regarding the production cost, practicality, adaptability, and saleability.

In recent years, architectural and urban design applications can be implemented with more flexible solutions with support of sophisticated computer technology. Especially in urban morphology, this allows for emergence of unique and unusual pattern formations. Modular design, which can be performed with repetition of a geometric form or a module with a rhythm, sometimes produces rigid results and remains limited in terms of flexibility even it provides flawless geometry and regularity. On the other hand, parametric design concept is based on reproduction of geometric forms in a " non-repetitive " and " resilient " viewpoint in the framework of different variables, which is presently used with algorithms in many scales from object design to town design. In accordance with this approach with deforming the basic geometry, it can be obtained new and modern morphological typologies. This study aims to examine proposed urban design projects for Kartal Urban Renewal Area with modular and parametric design concepts. Kartal is an industry-oriented district in Anatolian side of Istanbul and recommended as a new CBD on Strategic Development Plan to ease the burden of the existing one in European side. On behalf of the regional development, worldwide architects; Zaha Hadid, Massimilliano Fuksas and Kisho Kurokawa have developed different design approaches within a competition and Hadid's " parametric design-themed " project is selected to be applied. In the Urban Design studio of Urban & Regional Planning Department of ITU conducted by the authors, urban design projects were developed for Kartal industrial area proposing new morphological layouts with the transformation of basic forms through different variables and their integration into buildings, urban blocks and open spaces with using " repetitive " or " non-repetitive " geometry. In the context of this paper, fundamental differences, advantages/disadvantages of modular vs parametric design concepts and their contributions to urban morphology will be comparatively discussed over proposed competition and studio projects for Kartal.

Key Words: Istanbul, urban renewal, urban planning, modular design,
parametric design

This paper describes an implementation of a remote controlled robotic arm with six degrees of freedom which is able to pick an object with a specific weight and can place them in a desired location. The method of design of the remote controlled robotic arm consists of two stages. First stage is the construction of the mechanical structure following modular concept with six degrees of freedom and the second is to design the interface of components of the robotic arm to control it via a wireless joystick. To ensure ease of use, wireless system is introduced in this robotic arm. This kind of the arm can be applied in industrial sectors where automaton is profoundly needed.

This paper develops a modularization scheme based on the functional model of a system. The modularization approach makes use of the function-behavior-state (FBS) model of the system to derive the entity relations. The design structure matrix (DSM) is automatically constructed based on the FBS model. In this way, the tedious work of filling the DSM entries based on expert knowledge is avoided. The approach makes use of k-means clustering algorithm to allow the user to try different number of clusters in a fast way. The k-means clustering is adopted for DSM based modularization by defining a proper entity representation, relation measure and objective function. Two modularization schemes are performed, one based on the immediate relations and one on the deeper behavioral relations between the components. Considering the application on the shifting system of the Delft University of Technology (DUT) Formula Student car, the latter modularization resulted in more mechatronic behavior based modules, while the former resulted in modules based on mere disciplinary and spatial closeness.

RFnest TM is an FPGA based network channel emulator that allows all of the channels for a full network of radio nodes to be emulated in real time, with all communication experiencing a realistic channel impulse response and correct interference. RFnest TM is the first network emulator that allows virtual simulated nodes and real RF nodes to interact and have a shared wireless feeling. In other words, the real RF nodes in RFnest TM receive the signals sent by the virtual simulated nodes on their real radios and vice versa. This capability allows both high fidelity and scalable network simulation and emulation within the same controlled and repeatable environment. This allows RFnest TM to be used for protocol testing, replaying field tests, and model validation. RFnest TM has a modular design with three main components: 1) FPGA based emulation hardware with RF front ends to allow nodes with real radios to send their RF signal over an emulated channel without any modification to the radio, 2) modeling of time-varying channel impulse responses within the emulation hardware, with channel properties based on mobility defined with a scripted or interactive GUI environment, and 3) integration with network emulators and monitoring functionality allowing the user to instantiate, manage, and monitor real and virtual network nodes within the scenario.

Economy, speed of construction and improved environmental performance are critical variables that challenge the modern construction industry to strike a balance between. Employing innovative prefabricated modular structures is one key strategy used to achieve these goals. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for detailed scientific research that deals with the potential environmental benefits of prefabrication, particularly in areas of embodied energy savings resulting from waste reduction and improved efficiency of material usage. This paper gives a brief overview of prefabricated modular structures and aims to highlight the sustainability characteristics of this technology compared to conventional construction methods. A case study was carried out on an eight-storey, residential building. It was found that a steel-structured prefabricated system resulted in a significantly reduced material consumption of up to 78% by mass compared to conventional concrete construction. However...

Orbital debris in low Earth orbit (LEO) are now sufficiently dense that the use of LEO space is threatened by runaway collisional cascading. A problem predicted more than thirty years ago, the threat from debris larger than about 1 cm demands serious attention. A promising proposed solution uses a high power pulsed laser system on the Earth to make plasma jets on the objects, slowing them slightly, and causing them to re-enter and burn up in the atmosphere. In this paper, we reassess this approach in light of recent advances in low-cost, light-weight modular design for large mirrors, calculations of laser-induced orbit changes and in design of repetitive, multi-kilojoule lasers, that build on inertial fusion research. These advances now suggest that laser orbital debris removal (LODR) is the most cost-effective way to mitigate the debris problem. No other solutions have been proposed that address the whole problem of large and small debris. A LODR system will have multiple uses beyond debris removal. International cooperation will be essential for building and operating such a system.

Los nuevos canales de comunicación han democratizado el uso de herramientas de fácil acceso web. Diseñadores y prosumers, internautas que intercambian conocimientos específicos de diseño y fabricación, desarrollan y producen sus diseños. Un manual de diseño modular divulgado en la web daría acceso al consumidor final a intervenir en el diseño, fabricación o montaje de sus propios productos, permitiéndole tomar decisiones de edición y actualización futura.

This paper introduces the industrial design of the social robot 'Flobi'. In total, three key concepts influenced the industrial design: First, the robot head of Flobi appears as a cartoon-like character and has a 'hole-free' design without any visible conjunctions. Second, Flobi has dynamic features to display not only primary emotions, but also shame, a typical secondary emotion. Third, the structural design implements exchangeable modular parts. Through modular design, the underlying hardware is quickly accessible and the visual features of the robot (e.g., hairstyle, facial features) can be altered easily. A first study demonstrated the successful implementation of Flobi's dynamic features, whereas a second study demonstrates that the exchangeable hair modules influence gender-schematic perceptions of the robot.

In the Mediterranean region, tetrapyla were monumental civic structures associated with messages of imperial presence and triumph.  These objects remained recognizable markers of specially designated honorific places, which, as this paper argues, allowed for the transposition of related symbolic and structural concepts into architectural design of Byzantine churches.

“On the Transposition of Tetrapyla into the Structural and Symbolic Cores of Byzantine Churches” [in English, abstract in Serbian] in Гласови и слике: облици комуникације на средњовековном Балкану (IV–XVI век) [Voices and Images: The Modes of Communication in the Medieval Balkans (4th-16th c], eds. S. Bojanin, Lj. Milanović, and M. Cvetković; editor in chief Lj. Maksimović (Belgrade: Byzantine Institute of the Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2020): 285-322.

El proyecto comienza con el planteamiento del tema a estudiar, lo que supone marcar los objetivos del TFM y establecer una metodología que permita alcanzarlos con una serie de resultados finales de calidad. Con la planificación ya definida, se procede a realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica que permita hacer un review del tema y conocer cuál ha sido su evolución en el tiempo y cuál es su estado actual. Esta revisión comienza con un resumen esquemático de lo que se quiere encontrar y termina con una serie de tesis, artículos y noticias actuales de interés global sobre el tema. Esta serie de documentos encontrados serán la base sobre la que se definirá el estado del arte del diseño modular en las fases posteriores, las cuales se centran en tres preguntas claves: ¿Qué es el diseño modular?, ¿Cómo se aplica? y ¿Quién lo aplica?. La primera fase (¿Qué es el diseño modular?) empieza aportando una definición de diseño modular a través de las definiciones de varios autores. Además, con estas definiciones y la lectura realizada se decide redactar también una serie de características que lo definan. Luego, se hace lo propio con términos estrechamente relacionados como modularidad, arquitectura de producto y plataforma de producto, recopilando también una serie de definiciones de cada uno según diversos autores. En esta fase también se decide estudiar el contexto en el que se sitúa actualmente el diseño modular, hablando así de los sectores en los que se aplica y el modelo económico hacia el que se está evolucionando actualmente: la Economía Circular. Para concluir esta fase, se redactan una serie de ventajas y debilidades sobre el diseño modular. La siguiente fase (¿Cómo se aplica?) tiene como finalidad hacer un estudio de los métodos que existen actualmente sobre diseño modular, por lo que esta fase se divide en tres apartados: métodos actuales, métodos en desarrollo y teorías, este último correspondería al estudio de ámbitos que podrían dar lugar a nuevas metodologías en el futuro. De cada uno se citan las correspondientes metodologías, sus autores, fecha de creación y descripción de su funcionamiento. La última fase que describe el estado del arte (¿Quién lo aplica?) se centra en el estudio de casos reales en los que se ha aplicado el diseño modular en alguna de sus fases del ciclo de vida. Esta fase hace un recuento tanto de los casos documentados como de casos recientes con el fin de conocer cómo se ha aplicado el diseño modular en un contexto real. Finalmente, se hace un análisis de los sectores de aplicación para conocer en cuáles se ha aplicado con mayor y menor frecuencia y en cuáles se podría llegar a aplicar potencialmente. Con esto, se da por concluido el estado del arte, dando lugar así a la obtención de una serie de conclusiones tanto de otros autores como propias de este proyecto. El TFM finaliza con la descripción de tres posibles líneas de investigación futuras centradas en: la sostenibilidad, la evolución de los métodos actuales y la industria 4.0.

This paper describes the concept and the architecture of the scalable multi sensor data fusion system based on an open distributed infrastructure for the new fast attack craft Squadron 2000 of the Finnish Navy. The architecture focuses on the distribution of the data fusion functions into different tasks. This allows an adaptation of the data fusion with minimal cost. The Data Fusion is a hybrid system of plot fusion and track fusion. It contains modern data association and filter methods and has a modular design. For the classification and identification processes within the tactical situation compilation, the Dempster-Shafer method is used. Further the data fusion includes the fusion of remote tracks that are the basis for an extension related to the Cooperative Engagement Capability.

The design of skill centre around the country is such that they are specific to particular skill type and usually the buildings cannot be used for another activity. The need to use spaces for multiple functions has ensured that flexible spaces in skill acquisition centres are designed such that the spaces can easily be varied into smaller discrete and scalable sizes. This paper examined the interior spaces for pedagogical and didactic activities in six selected skills acquisition centres in Benue state. The issue of the rigidity of spaces occurring as product of the building design which is meant to serve a required function usually ensures that spaces are less flexible and in many cases unusable for other functions. The aim of the study is to examine the flexibility nature of skill centres with a view to determining functions that could be combined. A post occupancy evaluation was carried out using a mix method approach through the use of observation checklist and questionnaire. Th...

Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, is a solution seriously considered at worldwide scale to enable renewable energy to be a part of our quotidian. Several challenges remain to produce, to store and to use hydrogen effectively. In our laboratory, we are interested in the discipline of hydrogen storage which is the subject of this paper. Two hydrogen storage tanks based on metal hydrides were built at the laboratory respecting a simple and modular design in a purpose of getting useful knowledge about the similarity elements of metal hydride tanks relevant in the prediction of a larger size storage unit behaviour. A description of the tanks is presented and an investigation of the parameters influencing the hydrogen storage performance is done. (H. Dhaou).

Superconductor digital receiver systems of increasing functionality, modularity and user-friendliness have been developed. The modular design methodology ensures that within its input-output and heat load capacity, the system can be reconfigured to perform a different function by changing the chip module and by reprogramming FPGA-based digital signal processors. One of the systems (ADR-004), originally equipped with a 10×10 mm 2 channelizing receiver chip for signals intelligence application, was reconfigured with a 5×5 mm 2 1.1-GHz bandpass ADC chip to perform world's first multi-net Link-16 demonstration in a setting capable of operational use. Substantial improvements in system integration have been obtained in each successive generation of digital-RF receiver systems. The latest (third) generation system (ADR-005), hosting a 5×5 mm 2 7.5-GHz bandpass ADC chip and an FPGA channelizer, successfully repeated the over-the-air SATCOM demonstration performed previously using a 1-cm 2 single-chip bandpass digital receiver with an on-chip superconductor channelizer. This system ran error-free for over 12 hours with and without a low-noise amplifier. To our knowledge, this is the first time an X-band SATCOM receiver has been operated without analog amplification and down-conversion in a military application.

Three-dimensional (3D) silicon integration of active devices with through-silicon vias (TSVs), thinned silicon, and silicon-to-silicon fine-pitch interconnections offers many product benefits. Advantages of these emerging 3D silicon integration technologies can include the following: power efficiency, performance enhancements, significant product miniaturization, cost reduction, and modular design for improved time to market. IBM research activities are aimed at providing design rules, structures, and processes that make 3D technology manufacturable for chips used in actual products on the basis of data from test-vehicle (i.e., prototype) design, fabrication, and characterization demonstrations. Three-dimensional integration can be applied to a wide range of interconnection densities (,10/cm 2 to 10 8 /cm 2 ), requiring new architectures for product optimization and multiple options for fabrication. Demonstration test structures, which are designed, fabricated, and characterized, are used to generate experimental data, establish models and design guidelines, and help define processes for future product consideration. This paper 1) reviews technology integration from a historical perspective, 2) describes industry-wide progress in 3D technology with examples of TSV and silicon-silicon interconnection advancement over the last 10 years, 3) highlights 3D technology from IBM, including demonstration test vehicles used to develop ground rules, collect data, and evaluate reliability, and 4) provides examples of 3D emerging industry product applications that could create marketable systems.