Software Development

The quest for designing secure and trusted software has led to refined Software Engineering methodologies that rely on tools to support the design process. Automated reasoning mechanisms for requirements and software verification are by now a well-accepted part of the design process, and model driven architectures support the automation of the refinement process. We claim that we can further push the envelope towards the automatic exploration and selection among design alternatives and show that this is concretely possible for Secure Tropos, a requirements engineering methodology that addresses security and trust concerns. In Secure Tropos, a design consists of a network of actors (agents, positions or roles) with delegation/permission dependencies among them. Accordingly, the generation of design alternatives can be accomplished by a planner which is given as input a set of actors and goals and generates alternative multiagent plans to fulfill all given goals. We validate our claim with a case study using a state-of-the-art planner.

Realtime satellite clock corrections are usually estimated using undifferenced phase and range observations from a global network. Because a large number of ambiguity parameters must be estimated, the computation is timeconsuming. Consequently, only a sparse global network of limited number of stations is processed by most IGS Realtime Analysis Centers with an update rate of 5 s. In addition, it is very desirable to build the capability to simultaneously estimate clock corrections for multi-GNSS constellations. Although the estimation can be sped up by epoch-differenced observations that eliminate ambiguities, the derived clocks can contain a satellite-specific bias that diminishes the contribution of range observations. We introduce a computationally efficient approach for realtime clock estimation. Both the epoch-differenced phase and undifferenced range observations are used together to estimate the epoch-differenced satellite clocks and the initial clock bias for each satellite and receiver. The biased clock corrections accumulated from the estimated epoch-differenced clocks are then aligned with the estimated clock biases and provided as the final clock corrections to users. The algorithm is incorporated into the EPOS-RT software developed at GFZ (GeoForschungsZentrum) and experimentally validated with the IGS global network. The comparison with the GFZ rapid products shows that the accuracy of the clock estimation with the new approach is comparable with that of the undifferenced approach, whereas the computation time is reduced to one-tenth. As a result, estimation of high-rate satellite clocks from a large reference network and tracking satellites of multi-GNSS constellations becomes achievable.

Although there have been studies completed on the critical success factors of software projects, these studies all have been specific to one particular country. There has been no comprehensive study reporting on different project sizes in various domains and in multiple countries. We present our extensive literature survey of critical success factors that impact software projects. Forty-three articles from the years 1990 to 2010 were found to be significant contributions that could be analysed in order to develop a list of critical factors that specifically affect the success of software projects. The method of content analysis and frequency analysis was adopted. Twenty-six critical success factors were found to be related to software project success. We suggest that organisation or project manager is attentive to control the top five critical factors to drive towards project success since the percentage of frequency of occurrences for each is more than 50%. Also, it appears that non-technical factors (94%) dominated over technical factors (6%). In a result unique to our study compared with previous one, we found that the factors of clear and frozen requirements, realistic estimation of the schedule and budget, along with a competent project manager are the five most critical success factors of software projects.

The dynamic software development organizations optimize the usage of resources to deliver the products in the specified time with the fulfilled requirements. This requires prevention or repairing of the faults as quick as possible. In this paper an approach for predicting the run-time errors in java is introduced. The paper is concerned with faults due to inheritance and violation of java constraints. The proposed fault prediction model is designed to separate the faulty classes in the field of software testing. Separated faulty classes are classified according to the fault occurring in the specific class. The results are papered by clustering the faults in the class. This model can be used for predicting software reliability.

This article explores how agile practices can reduce three kinds of "distance" -temporal, geographical, and sociocultural -in global software development (GSD). On the basis of two indepth case studies, specific Scrum and eXtreme Programming (XP) practices are found to be useful for reducing communication, coordination, and control problems that have been associated with GSD.

Saat ini pemerintah Indonesia memiliki visi untuk menjadikan Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia. Nelayan merupakan salah satu pilar penting dalam pembangunan Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia, karena nelayan merupakan kelompok masyarakat yang setiap hari selalu berhubungan dengan laut. Nelayan membutuhkan beberapa informasi untuk mendukung aktivitas penangkapan ikan. Informasi tersebut antara lain adalah informasi daerah penangkapan ikan, informasi cuaca, informasi harga ikan, informasi dinamika laut. Selama ini, informasi-informasi tersebut berasal dari berbagai sumber. Sistem informasi nelayan pintar ini mengintegrasikan informasi-informasi dalam satu sistem berupa aplikasi berbasis android. Untuk mengenalkan teknologi ini kepada nelayan, maka pada tahun 2015 ini dilakukan sosialisasi sistem informasi nelayan pintar di 30 pelabuhan perikanan di Indonesia.

Marketing and Sales managers Marketing and Sales managers are those who will use the CRM system with high frequency. Their tasks are to analyse market trends, plan marketing solutions and build sales campaigns. The CRM system provides the managers with powerful tools to facilitate their decision-making processes so that good decisions are made quickly and wisely. Marketing and Sales employees Marketing and Sales employees are those who will use the CRM system most of the time. Their tasks are to manage customer accounts, deal with customers' complaints, support customers, manage customer loyalty, attract potential customers and sell products. These staff are required to be familiar with the task-related functionalities of the system to use them effectively. Using the system, the employees will be able to manage a large amount of customers and sales information, support customer services more effectively, contact and attract potential customers more easily with less effort and less time consuming.

Virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMD) appear to be effective research tools,
which may address the problem of ecological validity in neuropsychological testing.
However, their widespread implementation is hindered by VR induced symptoms
and effects (VRISE) and the lack of skills in VR software development. This study
offers guidelines for the development of VR software in cognitive neuroscience and
neuropsychology, by describing and discussing the stages of the development of Virtual
Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL), the first neuropsychological battery in
immersive VR. Techniques for evaluating cognitive functions within a realistic storyline
are discussed. The utility of various assets in Unity, software development kits, and other
software are described so that cognitive scientists can overcome challenges pertinent
to VRISE and the quality of the VR software. In addition, this pilot study attempts to
evaluate VR-EAL in accordance with the necessary criteria for VR software for research
purposes. The VR neuroscience questionnaire (VRNQ; Kourtesis et al., 2019b) was
implemented to appraise the quality of the three versions of VR-EAL in terms of user
experience, game mechanics, in-game assistance, and VRISE. Twenty-five participants
aged between 20 and 45 years with 12–16 years of full-time education evaluated various
versions of VR-EAL. The final version of VR-EAL achieved high scores in every sub-score
of the VRNQ and exceeded its parsimonious cut-offs. It also appeared to have better
in-game assistance and game mechanics, while its improved graphics substantially increased the quality of the user experience and almost eradicated VRISE. The results
substantially support the feasibility of the development of effective VR research and
clinical software without the presence of VRISE during a 60-min VR session.

While software play integral role in every aspect of the modern world, software development process still faces many problems. During development process in an organization, effective methodology has a crucial role in order to become accomplished. Agile approach is new methodologies which have been introduced recently as a new approach for developing software to increase productivity and efficacy of software development process compare to traditional methodologies. Whereas, accomplishment of this methodology is still anecdotal about relationship between factor in four dimensions and quality, scope, time, and cost by using agile process. This questionnaire and analysis of this case study has proved some of authors' hypothesis like the fact that by using agile methodology organization dimension is related directly to quality of product instead of reduction of total cost or using team management techniques can affect timeless factor instead of cost reduction. Finally, researcher makes more suggestions in order to make success factors more effective and increase productivity during the development process and to have more accomplishment in agile base projects.

Context: Development of software-intensive products and services increasingly occurs by continuously deploying product or service increments, such as new features and enhancements, to customers. Product and service developers must continuously find out what customers want by direct customer feedback and usage behaviour observation. Objective: This paper examines the preconditions for setting up an experimentation system for continuous customer experiments. It describes the RIGHT model for Continuous Experimentation (Rapid Iterative value creation Gained through High-frequency Testing), illustrating the building blocks required for such a system. Method: An initial model for continuous experimentation is analytically derived from prior work. The model is matched against empirical case study findings from two startup companies and further developed. Results: Building blocks for a continuous experimentation system and infrastructure are presented. Conclusions: A suitable experimentation system requires at least the ability to release minimum viable products or features with suitable

With the increasing popularity of Agile Methods, many software organisations are moving away from traditional methods to adopt Agile development methodologies. Instead of being predictive, Agile is rather adaptive and people-focussed. It advocates a ...

Example of SPMP by UTPian.

This project is to create a prototype Online Purchasing System for TradeK Cake House. It is an online application likewise virtual shop on the Internet where customers can browse the products catalog and select products of interest. The selected items may be collected in a shopping cart. At checkout time, the items in the shopping cart will be presented as an order. At that time, more information will be needed to complete the transaction. Usually, the customer will be asked to fill or select a billing address, a shipping address, a shipping option, and payment information such as credit card number. An e-mail notification is sent to the customer as soon as the order is placed.

The Laundry management System (LMS) is specifically developed for Katsina State Laundry
Shops. This application is developed to manage the laundry service and provide an automated
backup and recovery for security management of information in the laundry. It is a client-server
system which can only be access within three (3) main users; there are database administrator,
manager, and staff. Only authorized user can login into the system and view the LMS application.
The database administrator will maintain the backup and recovery and user privilege to view the system. Besides that, clerk's responsibility is to manage the customers and laundry service record, also the payment record. Furthermore, the laundress is to view customers' record and their services.
Then, the manager of this laundry can view and update all the record in laundry. On the other hand, this LMS application is focused more on database management of laundry service besides maintaining the backup and recovery for the records in the database. The methodology of this system is System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) which is prototyping model. An analysis study has been done based on the current manual system and all the problems statements and requirements have been identified. Moreover, LMS is two-tier architecture system which involves client tier and application server tier which includes a database. The interfaces for LMS have been designed according to the requirement and needs of the current market. This Laundry Management System (LMS) will help to improve the performance of current situation and overcome the problems that arise nowadays.

Online bookstore software projects that acts as a central database containing various books in stock along with their title, author and cost. This project is a website that acts as a central book store. This web project is developed using asp.net as the front end and sql as a back-end. The sql database stores various book related details. A user visiting the website can see a wide range of books arranged in respective categories. The user may select desired book and view its price. The user may even search for specific books on the website. Once the user selects a book, he then has to fill in a form and the book is booked for the user.
Online book store project is a web application which is implemented in Asp.net platform

Dear Reader,

Let's get the introductions out of the way.I am not a recruiter. I am a software engineer. And as such, I know what it's like to be asked to whip up brilliant algorithms on the spot and then write flawless code on a whiteboard. I know because I've been asked to do the same thing-in interviews at Google, Microsoft, Apple, and Amazon, among other companies.

I also know because I've been on the other side of the table, asking candidates to do this. I've combed through stacks of resumes to find the engineers who I thought might be able to actually pass these interviews.
I've evaluated them as they solved-or tried to solve-challenging questions. And I've debated in Google's Hiring Committee whether a candidate did well enough to merit an offer. I understand the full
hiring circle because I've been through it all, repeatedly. And you, reader, are probably preparing for an interview, perhaps tomorrow, next week, or next year. I am here to help you solidify your understanding of computer science fundamentals and then learn how to apply those fundamentals to crack the coding interview.

The 6th edition of Cracking the Coding Interview updates the 5th edition with 70% more content: additional questions, revised solutions, new chapter introductions, more algorithm strategies, hints for all problems,
and other content. Be sure to check out our website, CrackingTheCodinglnterview.com, to connect with other candidates and discover new resources. I'm excited for you and for the skills you are going to develop. Thorough preparation will give you a wide range of technical and communication skills. It will be well worth it, no matter where the effort takes you!

I encourage you to read these introductory chapters carefully. They contain important insight that just might make the difference between a "hire" and a "no hire:' And remember-interviews are hard! In my years of interviewing at Google, I saw some interviewers ask "easy" questions while others ask harder questions. But you know what? Getting the easy questions doesn't make it any easier to get the offer. Receiving an offer is not about solving questions flawlessly (very few candidates do!). Rather, it is about answering questions better than other candidates. So don't stress out when you get a tricky question-everyone else probably thought it was hard too. It's okay to not be flawless. Study hard, practice- and good luck!

Gayle L. McDowell
Founder/CEO, CareerCup.com
Author of Cracking the PM Interview and Cracking the Tech Career

Distinct software metrics have been proposed for programs. By contrast, metrics for databases have been neglected on the grounds that databases were mere plain files that do not affect considerably information systems maintainability. However, later enhancements on database systems ...

This invited paper presents a number of correlated specifications of example railway system problems. They use a variety of partially or fully integrated formal specification. The paper thus represents a mere repository of what we consider interesting case studies. The existence of the Unified Modeling Language [10, 67, 36, 20] has caused, for one reason or another, the research community to try formalise one or another facet of UML. In this paper we report on another way to achieve what UML attempts to achieve: Broadness of application, convenience of notation, and multiplicity of views. Whether these different UML views are unified, integrated, correlated or merely co-located is for others to dispute. We also seek to support multiple views, but are also in no doubt that there must be sound, well defined relations between such views. We thus report on ways and means of integrating formal techniques such as RAISE (RSL) [58, 59],

In deze handleiding wordt gespecificeerd hoe de aanpak van pesten en andere vormen van agressief gedrag in scholen kan worden gesteund via passende Informatie- en Communicatie Technologie. De inbreng en mede-verantwoordelijkheid van leerlingen speelt een zeer essentiele rol in de pedagogiek die hier wordt voorgestaan. De eigen meetbare, positieve resultaten kunnen door de leerlingen steeds worden verbeterd.

Yuri Takhteyev's Coding Places is an ethnographic study of software development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. As such, it offers a welcome and necessary counterpoint to Gabriella Coleman's Coding Freedom, which examines the culture of free software and open source hackers, primarily in the United States. Coleman's work is an excellent look into the moral world of free software, and the pleasures of coding that motivate it. While free software is a critique of the dominant intellectual property regime of the West, it itself stems from and reinterprets a liberal ethics, one which focuses on free speech and individual creative expression.

Make a foundation library from all of the SQL Server servers of your company, either grouped or by function like Production, QA, DRP, Corporate, Branch, Development, Test, on subjects like tables, views, columns, constraints and defaults among many other indicators like the ones listed below for information schema views.
ZeusVsZeus

To support Moving Mexico into a Developed State. Mover a México.

This paper describes an underwater walking robotic system being developed under the name AQUA, the goals of the AQUA project, the overall hardware and software design, the basic hardware and sensor packages that have been developed, and some initial experiments. The robot is based on the RHex hexapod robot and uses a suite of sensing technologies, primarily based on computer vision and INS, to allow it to navigate and map clear shallow-water environments. The sensor-based navigation and mapping algorithms are based on the use of both artificial floating visual and acoustic landmarks as well as on naturally occurring underwater landmarks and trinocular stereo.

With the rapid increase in offshore outsourcing of software development, Global Software Development (GSD) has become the need of the hour. This, in turn, necessitates preparing computer science students to face the challenges associated with GSD. Today’s information technology, in the form of communication networks and tooling opportunities, provides us with a supposedly ready infrastructure to support GSD. However, selecting an appropriate combination of open source tools that cross cultural boundaries and account for unique in-country connectivity situations is not a trivial task. In this paper, we describe our experience of evolving an infrastructure for student GSD projects over a period four years, culminating in an environment to accommodate the needs of five different teams from four globally dispersed universities in countries straddling many technological divides.

Despite the widespread adoption of software diversity in some industries, there is still controversy about its benefits for reliability, safety or security. We take the prospective of diversity as a risk reduction strategy, in face of the uncertainty about the dependability levels delivered by software development. We specifically consider the problem faced at the start of a project, when the assessment of potential benefits, however uncertain, must determine the decision whether to adopt diversity. Using probabilistic modelling, we discuss how different application areas require different measures of the effectiveness of diversity for reducing risk. Extreme values of achieved reliability, and especially, in some applications, the likelihood of delivering "effectively fault-free" programs, may be the dominant factor in this effect. Therefore, we cast our analysis in terms of the whole distribution of achieved probabilities of failure per demand, rather than averages, as usually done in past research. This analysis highlights possible and indeed frequent errors in generalizations from experiments, and identifies risk reduction effects that can be proved to derive from independent developments of diverse software versions. Last, we demonstrate that, despite the difficulty of predicting the actual advantages of specific practices for achieving diversity, the practice of "forcing" diversity by explicitly mandating diverse designs, development processes, etc., for different versions, rather than just ensuring separate development, is robust, in terms of worst-case effects, in the face of uncertainty about the reliability that the different methods will achieve in a specific project, a result with direct applicability to practice.

Providing technology support for older people offers distinct challenges for social and IT systems delivery. The definition and integration of services, the diversity of supply, variance in structures, and the lack of centralised control, introduce significant challenges. These challenges stretch contemporary methods in the social and IT domains. In this paper, we introduce a method that we have developed and used successfully over a number of years. We briefly introduce a protocol and framework that utilises the Unified Modelling Language and adapts best practice from methods such as the Unified Software Development Method, the Dynamic System Development Method, and user-centred approaches from the care sector such as Userfit.

Resumo Este trabalho relata a experiência no desenvolvimento do projeto de design digital da disciplina de Projeto Integrado I, na Universidade Federal do Ceará-Campus Quixadá. A metodologia do projeto tinha duas macro atividades, pesquisa e produção, atuando em conjunto ou individuais. A pesquisa foi dividida em teórica, de campo, iconográfica, e prática-exploratória. A produção foi dividida em etapas de concepção, de desenvolvimento, de implantação e de documentação. O objetivo era identificar problemas de inclusão social, de comunicação, de educação e de socialização do surdo na cidade de Quixadá, com o intuito de desenvolver uma solução de design digital, que gere o suporte necessário para o desenvolvimento de sua comunicação e autonomia, para a inclusão social e digital. Palavras-chave: design digital, educação, surdos, ensino bilíngue, inclusão social, aplicativo.

Abstract This work reports the experience in the development of the digital design project of the Integrated Project I, at the Federal University of Ceará-Quixadá Campus. The project methodology had two macro activities, research and production, acting together or individual. The research was divided into theoretical, field, iconographic, and practical-exploratory. Production was divided into design, development, deployment and documentation stages. The objective was to identify problems of social inclusion, communication, education and socialization of the deaf in the city of Quixadá, with the aim of developing a digital design solution, which generates the necessary support for the development of its communication and autonomy, to Social and digital inclusion.

Recent years have witnessed a surge in self-organizing voluntary teams collaborating online to produce goods and services. Motivated by this phenomenon, this research investigates how these teams are formed and how individuals make decisions about which teams to join in the context of open source software development (OSSD). The focus of this paper is to explore how the collaborative network affects developers' choice of newly initiated OSS projects to participate in. More specifically, by analyzing software project data from real-world OSSD projects, we empirically test the impact of past collaborative ties with and perceived status of project members in the network on the self-assembly of OSSD teams. Overall, we find that a developer is more likely to join a project when he has strong collaborative ties with its initiator. We also find that perceived status of the noninitiator members of a project influences its probability of attracting developers. We discuss the implications of our results with respect to self-organizing teams and OSSD.

In this paper, we explore the problems associated with exception handling from a new dimension: the human. We designed a study that evaluates (1) different perspectives of software developers to understand how they perceive exception handling and what methods they adopt to deal with exception handling constructs, and (2) the usefulness of a visualization tool that we developed in previous work for exception handling. We describe the design of our study, present details about the study's participants, describe the interviews we conducted with the participants, present the results of the study, and discuss what we learned from the study. Based on our analysis, we suggest several future directions, including the proposal of a new role for the software-development processexception engineer, who works closely with software developers throughout all phases of the software-development life cycle and who concentrates on the integration of exception handling into the core functionality of programs.

Introductory computer programming courses are inherently challenging for a variety of reasons. With increased demands for online delivery, the use of effective technologies, materials, and methods that best support online learning is essential to maximize student success. This article describes a recent study conducted at our institution with an overall objective to improve the design and online delivery of a

Small and medium enterprises are a very important cog in the gears of the world economy. The software industry in most countries is composed of an industrial scheme that is made up mainly of small and medium software enterprises-SMEs. To strengthen these types of organizations, efficient Software Engineering practices are needed-practices which have been adapted to their size and type of business. Over the last two decades, the Software Engineering community has expressed special interest in software process improvement (SPI) in an effort to increase software product quality, as well as the productivity of software development. However, there is a widespread tendency to make a point of stressing that the success of SPI is only possible for large companies. In this article, a systematic review of published case studies on the SPI efforts carried out in SMEs is presented. Its objective is to analyse the existing approaches towards SPI which focus on SMEs and which report a case study carried out in industry. A further objective is that of discussing the significant issues related to this area of knowledge, and to provide an up-to-date state of the art, from which innovative research activities can be thought of and planned.

The maintenance portion of the software lifecycle represents a major drain on most software company's resources. The transition from programmers to maintainers is high risk, since usually the maintainers have to learn the system from scratch before they can begin modifying it appropriately. This paper introduces a method for automatically extracting important traceability information from a C# software project's source code. Using this traceability information, maintainers (and programmers) are better able to evaluate the impacts their actions will have on the entire project.

Software development projects increasingly extend over the boundaries set by a single company, or country. As the a vailable communication media becomes more sophisticated, and more advanced technology costs less, the trends in software development move towards a more "virtual" nature. This evolutionary process allows individuals or even teams from different locations a nd cultures, with different expectations and goals, to blend in a virtual team of effectively collaborating and coordinating members.

An emerging problem in mission planning is consideration of the communication requirements of the mission participants. Determining the appropriate resources to satisfy the communication needs of a battle group requires detailed simulation that incorporates terrain effects, mobility, realistic network traffic models, device characteristic, etc. Providing such a detailed simulation environment that also provides the performance necessary to complete a planning study in a time-critical environment is a complex problem beyond the capabilities of existing solutions. The NETS project set out with the goal of providing a high fidelity library of network components that could be simulated n parallel on a variety of parallel architectures. It was proposed as a parallel effort that can be added to the NETWARS[1] program as additional capability for high fidelity and fast simulations. The NETS library is based on the COTS QualNet Simulator, and the public domain RTI software developed at Georgia Tech, and achieves significant performance gains on the HPC resources.

We consider a set of programs a family when it pays to look at their common aspects before looking at their differences. For commercial software developers the implications are twofold: First, making rational decisions about product-line processes and products requires the ability to answer the question: "Does it pay?" Second, whether or not something pays is ultimately a business (rather than software engineering) question. In short, making sound software engineering decisions requires understanding the business implications of those decisions, and vice versa. This paper describes work in progress to develop a product-line process model and common value metric that adequately link product value drivers (what it pays) with the software engineering decisions that affect those drivers. In it, we describe a systematic approach to quantifying the return on investment for both product and process improvements based on common software engineering principles and a common value me...

An optimal navigation strategy for a robot agency is related to the team colony coordination, environment areas subdivision and the best exploration strategy of each robot citizen taking into account the government political stance. The last item depends also on the assigned sub-area features: mission environments can be empty, with obstacles, with walls and corridors etc. Adopting the Metaphor of Italian Politics (MIP) architecture, we have developed a robot agency coordination strategy based on fuzzy rules. The MIP architecture takes inspiration from the political organizations of the democratic governments, where the leader isn't only one robot but it is constituted by a government of robots. In the MIP architecture the robots team is coordinated by a Prime Minister, a Minister of the Defense and a Minister of Communication while a second group of robots, the Robot Citizens, are the executors of each mission. The model of the agents is hybrid (reactive and deliberative), so every robot can assume every political position inside this dynamic structure. In our approach the MD and the navigation selection module is based on fuzzy rules. The fuzzy module is based on apposite merit factors choosen in order to guarantee the exhaustive evaluation of the efficiency of the citizen exploration. To validate the effectiveness of the our approach we have developed a framework based on the Mission Lab software developed at the Mobile Robot Lab of the Georgia Institute of Technology.

One of the proposed purposes for software process simulation is the management of software development risks, usually discussed within the category of project planning and management. However, modeling and simulation primarily for the purpose of software development risk management has not been explored and is quite limited. This study describes an approach to simulate Low Morale - a risk factor, to analyze its effect on certain software development risk management activities.

The open source model of software development has received substantial attention in the industry and popular media; nevertheless, critics frequently contend that open source softwares are inferior in quality compared to closed source softwares because of lack of incentives and project management, while proponents argue the opposite. This paper examines this quality debate by modeling and analyzing software quality, demand, profitability, and welfare under open and closed source environments in monopoly and competitive markets. The results show no dominant quality advantage of one method over another under all circumstances. Both open source and closed source qualities decrease in a competitive market. Conditions under which each method can generate higher quality software are examined.

Security design patterns have been proposed recently as a tool for the improvement of software security during the architecture and design phases. Since the apperance of this research topic in 1997, several catalogs have emerged, and the security pattern community has produced significant contributions, with many related to design. In this paper, we survey major contributions in the state of the art in the field of security design patterns and assess their quality in the context of an established classification. From our results, we determined a classification of inappropriate pattern qualities. Using a Six Sigma approach, we propose a set of desirable properties that would prevent flaws in new design patterns, as well as a template for expressing them.