The Hague

The dislocated, deterritorialized discourse produced by repatriates from formerly European colonies has remained overlooked in academic scholarship. One such group is the Eurasian “Indo” community that has its roots in the former Dutch East Indies, today’s Indonesia. This article focuses on Tjalie Robinson, the intellectual leader of this community from the 1950s to the mid-1970s. The son of a Dutch father and a British-Javanese mother, Robinson became the leading voice of the diasporic Indo community in the Netherlands and later also in the United States. His engagement resulted in the foundation of the Indo magazine Tong Tong and the annual Pasar Malam Besar, what was to become the world’s biggest Eurasian festival. Robinson played an essential role in the cultural awareness and self-pride of the eventually global Indo community through his elaboration of a hybrid and transnational identity concept. By placing his focus “tussen twee werelden” (in-between two worlds) and identifying “mixties-schap” (mestizaje) as the essential characteristic of Indo identity, Robinson anticipated debates on hybridity, transnationalism, and creolism that only much later would draw attention from scholars in the field of postcolonial studies. This article highlights Robinson’s pioneering role in framing a deterritorialized hybrid alternative to nationalist essentialism in the postcolonial era.

Serving the state. The regional officers of Holland and Zeeland in the Burgundian period (1425-1482).

This is a summary of my phd-thesis, a prosopographical study into the officers of the Council and Chambre des Comptes of Holland and Zeeland in the Burgundian period (1425-1482)

In de jaren 1425-1433 kreeg de Bourgondische hertog Filips de Goede via een diplomatiek en militair offensief de graafschappen Holland en Zeeland in handen. In dit boek beschrijf ik op welke manier de ambtenaren van de hoogste bestuurlijk-juridische en financiële instellingen van Holland en Zeeland, de Raad en de Rekenkamer, hebben bijgedragen aan de integratie van deze gewesten in de Bourgondische personele unie. In het eerste deel wordt onderzocht welke institutionele vernieuwingen het gewestelijk staatsapparaat onderging in de vijftiende eeuw en passeren alle ambtenaren de revue. In het tweede deel bekijk ik welke strategie de vorst volgde bij de recrutering van zijn ambtenaren en met welke middelen hij trachtte hun dienstbaarheid en loyaliteit te bevorderen. De intermediaire positie van de ambtenaren - ingeklemd tussen de belangen van de hertog en die van de onderdanen - is het onderwerp van het derde deel. In een bijlage zijn biografische notities van 170 ambtenaren opgenomen met gegevens over hun herkomst, familie, carrière en netwerk.

اقرار معاهدة التنفيذ يُمثل إنجازا تاريخيا في القانون الدولي الخاص، نظرا للجهود المبذولة عبر التاريخ لإقرار مثل هذه المعاهدة. حيث تُعتبر المعاهدة الأشمل في مجال تنفيذ الأحكام الأجنبية، وتكمن أهميتها في خلو الساحة الدولية من معاهدة شاملة مماثلة

Overview of the naming of streets and neighbourhoods in The Hague after locations from the former Dutch East Indies and historical figures from its colonial history. This article is intended for a book on such naming practices in various cities across the Netherlands as a commemoration of the historical ties with Indonesia.

This report provides an overview of the structure and characteristics of the Dutch greenhouse vegetable sector and its regulatory and institutional frame\$work. It also discusses how sector characteristics and the institutional frame\$work relate to the performance of the sector in the international market. The report focuses on four themes: labour, spatial structure and location, energy and environment, and product and marketing. The results described in the report are based on a desk study and a stakeholder analysis, which was performed by means of interviews with representatives of different stakeholder groups in greenhouse vegetable horticulture.

What makes up a capital city? In this first comprehensive look at the architectural and urban visions for a European capital, Hein examines how these visions compare to the reality of the three headquarter cities for the European Union: Strasbourg, Luxembourg, and Brussels. Tracing the history of the EU and its creation of the new political entity of the polycentric capital, Hein explores the impact that European unification has on visionary projects and the transformation of EU member cities. Widely researched, the book also brings in architectural projects that have remained largely unknown until now. Using architectural and urban history as a lens, Hein examines the past five decades of European unification. Also analyzed for the first time are the debates, plans, projects, and constructions-both realized and failed-that accompanied this process. Looking to the future, Hein asserts that the task of these three capital cities is to balance the needs of a collective Europe with national, local, and-increasingly-regional demands.

Where are we at home outside home? movement is our meaning. Moving is what we do once in the public realm. Every time less do people stop in the streets and stay, wonder, sit, sing, etc.
What characterizes spaces specialized in movement? Are they meeting their demands?

This volume was compiled on the occasion of the retirement of Ab Waasdorp in archaeology. From March 1984 to November 2019 he was employed by the municipality of The Hague. During this period Ab lead numerous excavations and thus contributed to our knowledge of the past of the city, but also of far beyond. His studies and publications
have been a source of information and inspiration for many an archaeologist. With this collection of papers we want to thank Ab and show him what his work has meant.

During the years 1431-1559 the Order of the Golden Fleece left as much as 23 series of panel paintings in the choir of the churches the knights visited during the chapters. These series consist of paintings with coats of arms (the majority!), princely emblems and additional texts. Until today seven series are preserved in churches, one of them in the Grote Kerk in The Hague. The latter is researched and treated during a restoration and conservation project by the Stichting Restauratieatelier Limburg (SRAL, Maastricht) and the Radboud University (Marjolijn Kruip) in 2009-2013.

The STEVIN programme was not only an important scientific endeavour in the Low Countries, but also a quite rare case of a tight inter-institutional cross-border collaboration within the Dutch-speaking linguistic area. Four funding agencies, three ministerial departments and one intergovernmental organisation in Flanders and the Netherlands were involved in this programme. STEVIN is an excellent illustration of how a medium European language can set an example in the domain of language (technology) policy.

Following the recovery of ceramic fragments representing curved firedogs at the site of The Hague-Uithofslaan instances of this type of cooking aid found in Roman era contexts in north-west Europe are reviewed. Aspects of function and use are discussed alongside the potential meaning of the decorative symbols present. The paper widens to a consideration of the developments in the use of fi redogs through later prehistory into the Roman era. In contrast to the iron firedogs of the Iron Age these ceramic forms are found in non-elite settings. Connections to known Gallo-Roman ceramic firedogs from the area of what is now central and southern Belgium are observed; the possibility of a connection with Germanic traditions and origins is at present unresolved. Profi ling these cooking utensils will hopefully lead to the identification of further examples.

"This is a wonderful photo book about the beautiful architecture of The Hague City. It tells a story about the prominent buildings standing in the Dutch royal residence and the famous architects who have built them. The city has a rich history of important and interesting architecture, including the Parliament Building, the Hague Municipal Museum, the City Tram Tunnel and its own Flat Iron Building.

The Hague is always changing and evolving. Construction cranes seem to have become permanent residents in the city’s skyline. While The Hague has it immediately recognizable character, the different boroughs and neighborhoods each have with their own identity, too. This book therefore highlights the city architecture in its specific context.

Approximately 250 noteworthy buildings are presented with over 500 magnificent photos by professional photographers such as Rob ’t Hart, Rob Hoekstra, Luuk Kramer, Jannes Linders, Inge van Mill, Jeroen Musch, Peter de Ruig, Michael Toner and Dirk Vroemen. Besides historical monuments and modern architecture, fifteen leading architects or offices are discussed, including Aldo van Eyck, Wim Quist, Rem Koolhaas, Herman Hertzberger, Jo Coenen, Atelier PRO and Archipelontwerpers.

A must-read for everyone who loves the city, from natives to expats, visitors and foreign contact, friends and family. "

Yunanistan devleti işgal ettiği Anadolu ve Doğu Trakya topraklarında yaşayan Türk çoğunluğa karşı uyguladığı politikalar ile Türkleri göçe zorlamıştır. Yunanistan'ın Türklere karşı uyguladığı politikalar ancak barbarlık olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Yunanistan devleti, Doğu Trakya' da ki Türk köylüleri-nin mülklerini bedelsiz olarak el koymuş, Türk köylerini yakmış, Türk köylülerini öldürmüş ve diğer-lerinin de evlerini terk etmeye zorlamıştır. Yunanistan devleti Kafkaslarda yaşayan yaklaşık 100.000 Rum'u Doğu Trakya'da el konulan, zorla terk ettirilen veya sahipleri öldürülen Türklerin evlerine yer-leştirmiştir. 30.0000' den fazla Türk Bulgaristan'a kaçarak, Yunanistan'ın baskısından dolayı mülteci olur iken, yaklaşık 60.000 Doğu Trakya Türk'ü İstanbul'a sığınmak zorunda kalmıştır. Ağustos 1922 tarihinde Yunanistan devleti Bulgaristan sınırı ile Çatalca arasında yaşayan tüm Türklerin evlerini terk etmeleri emrini vermiştir. Yunanistan'ın işgal ettiği Doğu Trakya topraklarında uyguladığı politi-kalar bugün " Etnik Temizlik " olarak adlandırılmaktadır. 4 Numaralı 1907 Lahey Sözleşmesi'ne göre ise işgal gücü olarak uyguladığı politikalar savaş suçu kapsamın da yer almaktadır. Abstract Greek goverment policy was to force to immigrate the majority of the population, the Turks in the occupied lands of Anatolia and East Thrace. The policy of Greek goverment can only be described as barbarism. Greek goverment used methods of forced expropriation of Turkish lands and houses with out any indemnity, burned Turkish villages and towns, killed Turkish civilians and forced others to leave their houses. Greek goverment made mass tranfer of the Greeks living in Cacause and resettled them in Turkish homes. Greek goverment settled around 100.000 Cacause Greeks in East Thrace. More then 30.000 Turkish villagers took refuge in Bulgaria to save their lives. Also around 60.000 Turkish villagers escaped to İstanbul to save their lives. Greek Goverment in August 1922 gave the order to all Turks to leave their houses who were living between the Bulgarian frontier and Çatalca numbered around 270.000. Now today, the policy of Greek goverment is called as " Ethnic Cleansing ". Also according to the 4th Convention of the Hague 1907, the polices of Greek goverment as an occupied force must be accepted as the war crimes act.

The foundation of the Confrerie Pictura (an artistic brotherhood) in The Hague has given rise to controversy on several occasions.In the eighteenth century, for example,
Johan van Gool was annoyed by Houbraken, who believed that the artist painters
of The Hague had founded their Confrerie in 1662, while it was abundantly clear to
Van Gool that the correct date was 1656. Nowadays the question under discussion is
the nature of the Confrerie as an organisation. Was it the first step towards an eighteenth-
century society, as Hoogewerff suggested in his authoritative book on the Dutch
St Luke’s guilds, or was the new organisation more like a guild, as later argued by
Hoogewerff’s most important critic Hessel Miedema? Based on archival records, this
article maps out the early history and establishment of the Confrerie in order to determine
what kind of organisation it had been between 1656 and 1700. This article argues
that all four authors are right: the Confrerie was both a guild and a society, and however
paradoxical it may sound, it was founded in 1656 and again in 1662.

In de periode 1431-1559 bouwde de Orde van het Gulden Vlies onder Filips de Goede tot aan Filips II aan een corpus van 23 series Gulden-Vliesborden. Series wapenborden, embleemborden, tekstborden en jaarborden die herinnerden aan het bezoek van de leden van de ridderorde aan een specifieke kerk in de Oud-Bourgondische steden. De beschilderde panelen werden geschilderd door hofschilders en in het koorgestoelte van de kerken achtergelaten na afloop van een kapittel.
Historiografisch gezien bevindt de Haagse serie Gulden-Vliesborden in de Grote Kerk van Den Haag zich in de marge. De belangrijkste reden daarvoor is de productie van de overgeleverde schilderijen in de zestiende eeuw (dus niet in 1456!). Ook was de excentrische ligging van Den Haag van invloed op de geschiedschrijving. De schilderijen zijn nauwelijks gekend, herkend en erkend als Bourgondisch-Habsburgs erfgoed. Onterecht. Mijn stelling luidt dat de Haagse Gulden-Vliesborden juist vanwege
die factoren datering en lokalisatie de functie en waarde van het monumentale heraldische corpus tot aan 1559 inzichtelijk maken. De voorliggende publicatie expliciteert dit door aan de hand van de biografie van de Haagse Gulden-Vliesborden in
te gaan op zowel memorie – dat wat in het cultureel geheugen diende te worden opgeslagen – als memorandum – het object dat die herinnering(en) in stand diende te houden.

There is a wide interest in the effects of forced relocation in the context of urban restructuring. This interest is also inspired by debates on gentrification and displacement. The prevailing idea is that the lowest income groups particularly suffer from displacement in terms of their housing quality and increased rents. In addition, increasing proportions of forced movers are assumed to harm the housing opportunities of other house seekers, while competing within the social rented sector. Although several studies deal with the consequences of forced relocation, a broader perspective on housing chances is currently lacking. Moreover, most studies are qualitative, whereas a larger-scale quantitative analysis is needed to test assumptions mentioned above. This paper addresses these matters by analysing housing allocation data of the Haaglanden in the Netherlands and two cross-sectional surveys among forced movers in the region's central city, The Hague. Findings indicate that housing chances for both forced and regular house seekers have not declined substantially since 2000. Moreover, most forced movers experienced dwelling progress, partly thanks to the design of the housing allocation model. However, low-educated, as well as middle- and higher-income households less often report dwelling progress. Explanations for these findings are provided.

ABSTRACT: Do place and race matter in mortgage loan applications? This article presents evidence from mortgage markets in the Dutch cities of Arnhem, The Hague, and Rotterdam, suggesting that place, and to a lesser extent also race, do matter. In general, race and place are not factors of direct exclusion, but (1) zip codes are included in credit scoring systems, and (2) both place and race are significant factors in the assessments by loan officers because applicants who do not meet all formal criteria are more often accepted (“overrides”) for indigenous Dutch and low-risk neighborhoods than for ethnic minorities and high-risk neighborhoods. In addition, a “national mortgage guarantee” is compulsory for loan applications in high-risk neighborhoods and thereby used as a substitute for redlining, comparable to the compulsoriness of private mortgage insurance in the United States. Some lenders also engage in direct redlining by rejecting low-risk “national mortgage guarantee” loans in high-risk neighborhoods, a practice potentially explained by transaction cost economizing. Since the high-risk neighborhoods in all three cities accommodate relatively large shares of ethnic minority groups, they are hit twice: through place-based and through race-based exclusion. In other words, place-based disparate treatment results in race-based disparate impact. The neighborhood does matter; place-based exclusion in the mortgage market has a neighborhood effect.

When the famous Jan van Eyck started to work at The Hague court, he replaced 'Dirc die maelre', a freelance painter. Because Jan was a court artist, he had several privileges amongst which a stipend. Because of this stipend, no separate payments can be found in the Hague account books and we do not know what he was paid for. 'Dirc die maelre' only got paid when he delivered. By looking at his commissions, we can guess as to what Jan van Eyck painted between 1422 and 1425.

Western European national policies increasingly portray diversity as negative and migrants as 'others' who do not belong to the national community. This article examines how local governments articulate alternative discourses of belonging based on residents' shared membership in the civic life of the city. In a Dutch case study, the ways in which local policymakers diverge from exclusionary national narratives are examined. It is argued that discourses about urban citizenship offer opportunities for the inclusion of migrants by drawing new boundaries between 'good' citizens and those who are unwilling to participate.

To an international standard, few temporary Roman camps are known in the Netherlands. Given this, the identification of such a camp beneath the site of a Roman military vicus at The Hague Ockenburgh, stands out. It not only presents us with a rare recent insight into these structures, it also, moreover, sheds fresh light on our understanding of the Roman employment of the coastal area just south of the Lower Rhine frontier. This short paper intents to explore and present some of this insight, and in doing so I wish to pay homage to my mentor, colleague and friend Ab Waasdorp.

In May 1948, the Congress of Europe took place in the city of The Hague in The Netherlands. This paper, based on local Dutch sources, describes the local organisation of the congress which was an ambitious enterprise. More than 700 guests had to be provided with accommodation, food and local transport in a period of reconstruction in the aftermath of the Second World War. Moreover, the organisers had to search for sponsors as participants only paid for their transport ticket to The Hague. Staging the congress was even more challenged by the late start of the preparations, only three months before the guests arrived.

Being visual narratives, cognitive maps reveal important aspects of the life worlds of city residents with migrant backgrounds. The urban images of Turkish migrants in Aachen (Germany) and The Hague (The Netherlands) have been explored in a comparative study. 52 participants from Aachen and 49 from The Hague drew maps of their city on a white A3-sized blank piece of paper. Participants were asked to show as many details as they were able to. The analysis of the maps contained quantitative as well as qualitative aspects. The maps were explored according to the type, number, and geographical distribution of the components. Each component on the cognitive maps was counted and categorized and the findings were mapped. The results confirm the significance of the city center in urban image formation, but display differences in the importance of one's own migrant neighborhood. Furthermore, living in a migrant neighborhood in most cases correlates with a more limited urban image, compared to living in a neighborhood with fewer migrants. Finally, gender differences in the urban images occur in both cities.

There is a wide interest in the effects of forced relocation in the context of urban restructuring. This interest is also inspired by debates on gentrification and displacement. The prevailing idea is that the lowest income groups particularly suffer from displacement in terms of their housing quality and increased rents. In addition, increasing proportions of forced movers are assumed to

Diverse shifts have taken place in both the daily practice and academic analyses of diplomacy. Th e authors argue that the various conceptualizations do not suffi ciently take into account that diplomacy is increasingly concerned with infl uencing or shaping structures. Th e aim of this article is therefore to reappraise the nature of diplomacy in general and of the European Union in particular by elaborating on the concept structural diplomacy. Th is concept refers to the process of dialogue and negotiation by which actors in the international system seek to infl uence or shape sustainable external political, legal, economic, social and security structures at diff erent relevant levels in a given geographic space (from the level of the individual and society, to the state, regional and global levels). Th e EU's institutional and diplomatic set-up allows it to conduct structural diplomacy. However, the extent and eff ectiveness of this diplomacy strongly diff er depending on the regions in question.

That in fighting for a noble cause, it is not only a question of how rich one’s economy is or how big one’s army are, but undeniably it is also a question of moral worth, ethical principles, character, dignity and indeed, courage!
In fully concur to the former Philippine Foreign Secretary, Mr. Albert del Rosario that “a favorable ruling on any of the 15 issues raised by the Philippines, especially the demand to declare China's claims invalid under UNCLOS, would be a major blow to Beijing and a moral victory that could be harnessed by the Philippines to its advantage.” (see “Q&A: Landmark ruling on South China Sea”, Jim Gomez, Associate Press, July 10th)
That is precisely the point: The Hague Ruling is a Moral Victory for the Philippines and all countries and nation who are similarly situated. Further, the historic ruling will also give fresh blood and much needed vigor to International Law.

Although in the early-modern period The Hague was not offi cially a city, its identity was based on specifi cally urban features. During the 17 th and 18 th century, its ambiguous status was explored by the authors of verse urban encomia and prose descrip-tiones urbium. In this article, the presentation of The Hague will be fi rst discussed on the example of Caspar Barlaeus' Latin poem " Haga " , and Constantijn Huygens' Dutch encomium " 's Gravenhage " from the Dorpen [Villages] cycle of epigrams. Then, the image of The Hague will be examined in the context of an allegorical representation by Jan Caspar Philips in Jacob de Riemer's Beschryving van 's Graven-hage [Description of The Hague, 1730]. The concluding remarks address the question of how the transformation of the status of The Hague undertaken by these writers and artists may be understood in the context of the literary-historical geography of the Northern Renaissance which has been a special subject of research by Professor Andrzej Borowski. Keywords: The Hague; the urban encomium; the Dutch Golden Age; urban studies; cultural geography; the Northern Renaissance.
Werkwinkel. Journal of Low Countries and South African Studies 10 (2015) no. 2, pp. 37-66.

This report describes and analyses the efforts of regional partners to steer land use developments in the urban fringe of The Hague Region, a polycentric city region with nine municipalities in the urbanized West of The Netherlands. It summarizes trends that drive land use change and recent land use developments, and describes important governmental and private actors and their objectives and strategies with respect to the urban fringe. It focuses on the ways in which actors, and especially The Hague Region itself, influence land use in the urban fringe. Special attention is given to agriculture, which dominates land use in the urban fringe enclaves in The Hague Region. Another subject of study is recreation, as one of the main arguments used by authorities to prevent further urbanization of the urban fringe areas. Culture and identity are discussed as issues that may influence discourses and decisions. The report describes strategies for these three issues, in relation to actors, coalitions, discourses, spatial concepts and resources. This report is the first on the case study of The Hague Region. It will be followed by a report that contains assessments of the strategies. The case study of The Hague Region is one of the seven case studies in PLUREL. The other case studies concern Montpellier (France), Greater Manchester (United Kingdom), Koper (Slovenia), Leipzig (Germany), Warsaw (Poland) and Hangzhou (China). PLUREL (Peri-urban Land Use Relations) is an integrated research project of the 6 th Framework, funded by the European Union.

Parallel corpora are a valuable resource for researchers across a wide range of disciplines, i.e. machine translation, computer-assisted translation, terminology extraction, computer-assisted language learning, contrastive linguistics and translation studies. Since the development of a high-quality parallel corpus is a time-consuming and costly process, the DPC project aimed at the creation of a multifunctional resource that satisfies the needs of this diverse group of disciplines. The resulting corpus-the Dutch Parallel Corpus (DPC)-is a ten-millionword, sentence-aligned, linguistically enriched parallel corpus for the language pairs Dutch-English and Dutch-French. As the DPC is bidirectional, the corpus can also be used as comparable corpus to study the differences between translated versus non-translated language. A small part of the corpus is trilingual. The DPC distinguishes itself from other parallel corpora by having a balanced composition (both in terms of text types and translation directions), by its availability to the wide research community thanks to its copyright clearance and by focusing on quality rather than quantity. To guarantee the quality of the text samples, most of them were taken from published materials or from companies or institutions working with a professional translation division. Care was taken to differentiate kinds of data providers, among them providers from publishing houses, press, government, corporate enterprises, European institutions, etc. To guarantee the quality during data processing, 10 %

Page 1. Johannah Bernstein | Jeffrey S. Behr | Alexander Carius | Geoffrey D. Dabelko | Moira Feil Antonio L. Fernandez | Ronald A. Kingham | Nick Mabey | Michael Renner | Rita Taureck |Nasser Yassin Inventory of Environment and Security Policies and Practices ...