Environmental Health and Safety

Since always and whatever the category, professional divers encountered a lot of accidents which are, due to the environment often lethal.  As the causes of these accidents are often the same, the purpose of the present article is to highlight those most frequently encountered and therefore no less than 577 diving fatalities spread over the last forty years have been analyzed in this study. The results of the survey led to the conclusion that many of these accidents could have been avoided.

Risk assessment is a method used to identify weaknesses which might prevent a contractor of a construction site for instance from achieving his goals and objectives.Part of the process is to identify the activities of the workers on the site and determine what could prevent them from achieving their goals or mission. Risk assessments can be performed on a single function within a major function, or they can be performed on a major function within a larger division.

Design for additive manufacturing is adopted to help solve problems inherent to attaching active personal sampler systems to workers for monitoring their breathing zone. A novel and parametric 3D printable clip system was designed with an open source Computer-aided design (CAD) system and was additively manufactured. The concept was first tested with a simple clip design, and when it was found to be functional, the ability of the innovative and open source design to be extended to other applications was demonstrated by designing another tooling system. The clip system was tested for mechanical stress test to establish a minimum lifetime of 5000 openings, a cleaning test, and a supply chain test. The designs were also tested three times in field conditions. The design cost and functionalities of the clip system were compared to commercial systems. This study presents an innovative custom-designed clip system that can aid in attaching different tools for personal exposure measurement ...

Penerapan Safety Health Environment  PT WIJAYA KARYA, Tbk Proyek Pembangunan dan Pabrik Feronickel Halmahera Timur (P3FH) PT. ANTAM (PERSERO),Tbk  Untuk Mencapai Zero Accident. Penerapan Program Safety Health and Environment (SHE ) secara umum diartikan penerapan dari program kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja dalam setiap aspek Industri. Dalam Era Industrialisasi dan Globalisasi Safety Health and Environment merupakan isu global yang menjadi trend di setiap aspek kehidupan utamanya di bidang Industri. Global Trend yang berkaitan dengan aspek safety.
Kata Kunci : Penerapan, Safety Health and Environment (SHE) dan Zero Accident
Penerapan menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia adalah proses atau cara menerapkan suatu metoda
Program SHE  adalah Perencanaan Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja.
Zero Accident berarti tidak adanya kecelakaan di lokasi kerja
Implementation of PT WIJAYA KARYA, Tbk Safety Health Environment East Halmahera Feronickel Construction Plant (P3FH) PT. ANTAM (PERSERO), Tbk To Reach Zero Accident. The implementation of the Safety Health and Environment Program (SHE) generally means the application of occupational health and safety programs in every aspect of the Industry. In the Era of Industrialization and Globalization Safety Health and Environment is a global issue that is a trend in every aspect of its main life in the field of Industry. Global Trend related to safety aspects.
Keywords: Implementation, Safety Health and Environment (SHE) and Zero Accident
The application according to the Indonesian Dictionary is a process or method of applying a method
The SHE Program is Occupational Health and Safety Planning.
Zero Accident means there is no accident at the work site

A study was carried out on a complaint in a municipality for possible air pollution, odour, and industrial effluents. A cross-sectional study resulted with noise levels assessed in the factory (n=12; 8 in-situ and 4 ex-situ). 66.67% locations (n=6) did not comply. Ventilation, lighting and humidity were measured (n=9) where relative humidity recorded was highest at the Banbury mixer (70.7%) and highest temperature recorded was at the oven area (39.9 0C). Air pollution parameters recorded didn't exceed the PEL except for NO₂ and as the highest risk it was >1. The public survey n=32) in Taman Gembira and Taman Aman residential area showed 3 sources of odour problems i.e. drains, factory effluent, and solid waste. Risk assessment identified hazards showed air pollution for NO 2 as the highest risk (risk score=16 as extremely high with the likelihood and consequences to be either major or critical) (DOSH, 2008). The noise levels at the Banbury and Dump mill machine exceeds standard for dose exposure at 93.5 dB (A), while the lowest reading of dose exposure of noise is 74.7 dB (A). Boundary noise to west is 40 dB (A) [standard = 60 dB (A)], the readings in east (85), north (75) and south (70) are above the limit. The factory does not have sufficient buffer zone (<500 meter from residential areas). Noise considered as a major health problem (5 readings > permissible levels). NO 2 exceeds the standards and IARC (1987), classified rubber industries as Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans. Odor is a major issue. There is no bund to contain any spillage of schedule wastes. Recommended for noise controls with engineering controls and administrative controls. Local authority may take action on persons who commit nuisances or it be closed, shifted, changed or modify the machinery used or change production time to comply with the laws. Industrial hygiene (good housekeeping) and maintenance needs to be improved.

Sepatu safety yaitu satu kewajiban apabila bekerja didunia industri. Pada umumnya banyak yang berasumsi sepatu safety merupakan sepatu yang ada pelindung baja di ujungnya. Memanglah benar dekian. Nyatanya tidak hanya itu saja, terdapat banyak parameter spesifikasi sepatu yang lain hingga disebut sepatu safety (keselamatan). Sebagian klasifikasi ini untuk mempermudah pemakai memastikan sepatu yang pas dengan lingkungan pekerjaanya. Di sini di ambil dari standard EN ISO20345: 2004/A1 : 2007, karena SNI untuk kelas sepatu safety belum ada. KELAS S1 (A + FO + E) Semuanya sepatu dari type S1 memenuhi feature basic untuk sepatu keselamatan: • Ketinggian kain atas • Pelindung di ujung Sepatu (dengan panjang minimal dan lebar) • Kain atas dengan kulit atau setara dengan bahan sintetis • Mempunyai lapisan kain atas dapat di buka pada sepatu rendah dengan penambahan mempunyai ciri-ciri seperti berikut: • Zona tertutup pada tumit • Feature antistatis • Penyerapan energi dibagian tumit • Sol sepatu tahan pada hidrokarbon KELAS S1P (A + FO + E + P) Sepatu Keselamatan type S1P tidak mempunyai kelas keselamatan dengan cara sendiri, namun karena sering dipakai, type sepatu ini di sebutkan dengan cara terpisah. Sepatu keselamatan ini semuanya didasarkan pada kelas keselamatan S1 dengan sol anti-perforasi sebagai feature penambahan. Ini berarti kalau sepatu keselamatan S1P mempunyai feature seperti berikut:

Development of modern transportation system there are various types of ships are used to transport goods and peoples from one place to another place. In this process damaged ships are refurnished and welding process is takes place underwater because of the size and weight of the ship. Major safety concerns in underwater welding are electric shock, exploitation, drowning, hypothermia, nitrogen narcosis etc., the major hazard in the underwater welding process is nitrogen narcosis. It occurs majorly due to usage of oxygen cylinder while diving for the repair process. The occurrence of the nitrogen narcosis can be avoided by proper training to the welder and divers. And hands on training to handle the oxygen cylinders while diving. Proper calibration should do for all cylinders used for this kind of work. The gas filling process should do in a proper manner at proper condition. The air composition in the filling process should be in proper ratio to avoid accidents.

This report studied cost minimization in the use of hydraform bricks in housing development with good
aesthetics appearance. Generally, it is observed that the Nigeria construction industry with the aid of the
professionals in the industry are working earnestly in housing delivery for the masses at a reasonable cost, it is
obvious today that the Federal government of Nigeria tends to construct mass housing across the nation but there
have been a constrain for the government herself to accomplished this mission because little amount is always set
aside for housing in the government annual budget, looking at 2016 budget which also revealed that about 0.56% of
the total budget was set aside for works , power and housing which implies that this little percentage will be share
among the three sectors that stand as a single entity. In view of this, it is clearly observed that the amount that will
go for housing development will be so small compare to the total budget. It is necessary for the professionals in the
industry to look for a means of making judicious use of the amount so as to make an achievement in housing sector.
Findings shows that the use of hydraform bricks in housing development reduced the cost of construction and has
other advantages compare to conventional blocks most especially in superstructure wall and its finishes.
Keywords: Building Materials, Housing Provision, Development, Conventional blocks, Hydraform brick

The search for new solvents is driven by the needs of new applications and processing requirements, replacement of solvents whose continued use poses a threat to environmental health and safety, a response to changing Ž environmental regulations, and a response to market demands. Many cleaning solvents commonly referred to as . blanket washes used in the lithographic printing industry are on the environmental hit list and are to be phased out within the next few years. This paper discusses the design of novel single component solvents for this application. The Ž . simultaneous consideration of recovery targets and associated process constraints , physical property requirements, and environmental restrictions renders identificationrselection of blanket washes a complicated design problem. To address this, we present a framework for the design of novel blanket wash solvents. The framework aims at designing solvents that meet property requirements and the environmental restrictions while minimizing the operating cost associated with safe recovery and recycle operation. Molecular structural attributes are modeled by binary variables and the process variables are continuous variables. This framework is formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear Ž . programming problem MINLP and solved by an appropriate solver. To demonstrate the viability of the framework and the solution approach, blanket wash solvents are designed. ᮊ

В статті наведено результати дослідження сучасних умов кількісно-якісного оцінювання екологічної безпеки внаслідок повсякденної діяльності військ, як безпосередньо на військових об'єктах, так і навколо них, враховуючи тимчасове розташування під час передислокації та в ході проведення антитерористичної операції.
Розроблено структуру системи забезпечення екологічної безпеки військового об’єкту. Визначено роль та місце в ній екологічного портрету територій військового об’єкту, що забезпечує користувачів необхідною і достатньою інформацією як у разі стабільного стану довкілля, так і у разі загрози виникнення надзвичайних ситуацій, критичного або після катастрофічного стану довкілля.

Production ergonomics – the science and practice of designing industrial workplaces to optimize human well-being and system performance – is a complex challenge for a designer. Humans are a valuable and flexible resource in any system of creation, and as long as they stay healthy, alert and motivated, they perform well and also become more competent over time, which increases their value as a resource. However, if a system designer is not mindful or aware of the many threats to health and system performance that may emerge, the end result may include inefficiency, productivity losses, low working morale, injuries and sick-leave.

To help budding system designers and production engineers tackle these design challenges holistically, this book offers a multi-faceted orientation in the prerequisites for healthy and effective human work. We will cover physical, cognitive and organizational aspects of ergonomics, and provide both the individual human perspective and that of groups and populations, ending up with a look at global challenges that require workplaces to become more socially and economically sustainable. This book is written to give you a warm welcome to the subject, and to provide a solid foundation for improving industrial workplaces to attract and retain healthy and productive staff in the long run.

This course is designed to provide the student with the practical knowledge in the concepts of community, societal structure and the importance of meaningful occupation. Emphasis is laid on WHO model of Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) and how the therapist could work with other Medical and Dental Team (MDT) members to sustain this community rehabilitation model.
The aim of this course is to make therapy services accessible, acceptable, and affordable in the community setting.

Buku panduan ini mengandungi maklumat mengenai racun perosak serta langkah penggunaan racun perosak dengan selamat dan betul, sebagai panduan untuk kakitangan pertanian dan pekebun kecil. Risalah ini adalah hasil kajian oleh barisan penulis mengenai pendedahan kulit dan penilaian risiko kesihatan daripada penggunaan racun perosak dalam sektor-sektor pertanian di Malaysia. Buku panduan ini diterbitkan sebagai satu buku panduan untuk menggalakkan amalan pengendalian racun perosak dengan betul dan selamat, dengan harapan dapat memberi manfaat terhadap kesihatan dan keselamatan pengendali racun perosak dan orang awam. Langkah pengendalian racun perosak yang dicadangkan dalam panduan ini adalah berdasarkan kepada 2 rujukan utama; iaitu Malaysian Standard: The Safe Handling of Agricultural Pesticides- Code of Recommended Practice (First revision); (MS 479:201 2) dan Garis Panduan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan dalam Pertanian yang dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan.

Background: Air pollution is a major global environmental risk factor. Since people spend most of their time indoors, the sole measure of outdoor concentrations is not sufficient to assess total exposure to air pollution. Therefore, the arising interest by the international community to indoor-outdoor relationships has led to the development of various techniques for the study of emission and exchange parameters among ambient and non-ambient pollutants. However, a standardised method is still lacking due to the complex release and dispersion of pollutants and the site conditions among studies. Methods: This review attempts to fill this gap to some extent by focusing on the analysis of the variety of site-specific approaches for the assessment of particulate matter in work and life environments. Results: First, the main analogies and differences between indoor and outdoor particles emerging from several studies are briefly described. Commonly-used indicators, sampling methods, and other approaches are compared. Second, recommendations for further studies based on recent results in order to improve the assessment and management of those issues are provided. Conclusions: This review is a step towards a comprehensive understanding of indoor and outdoor exposures which may stimulate the development of innovative tools for further epidemiological and multidisciplinary research.

Agriculture sector in Malaysia is one of the most fast-pace growing industry. Agriculture sector acts as the main food security for human beings to sustain living. Malaysia was one of the top listed agriculture distributors and exporters to the other countries such as Thailand, China and Japan. To maintain the agriculture productivity, fertilizer industry also need to grow as fast as agriculture industry. Thus, the fertilizer manufacturing sectors in Malaysia have to sustain the safety, health and environment in the workplace as well as fulfilling the sustainable development of the industry.
Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the potential hazards posed by the activities associated within a fertilizer manufacturing plant, evaluate the risk and determine the awareness level of safety, health and environment at their workplace. The study also focuses on sustainability development in the fertilizer industry which focuses on three components which are social, economy and environment. The components are now further elaborated to see the contributions towards the 17 Sustainable Development Goals by United Nations.
From this study, there are two findings from factory site visit observation that are human negligence and hazardous chemicals. While from the survey shows safety, health and environmental awareness within fertilizer manufacturing workers are almost high level. For the sustainable development part, the survey shows majority are satisfy with the benefits provided and enjoy with their working life. Based on the data analysis, the integration of perceptions of occupational safety, health and environment and sustainable development for every goals mostly having positive correlation. Based on correlation coefficient (r), the management acknowledge that they play roles for employees to help company's productivity and quality of health of employees (r=0.525), while providing safe work conditions for them (r=0.396) and environmental awareness (r=0.452). Thus, the fertilizer industry sustainability development can be affected by safety, health and environment performance. Nevertheless, the employees’ awareness on safety, health and environment can affect the business growth, sociality and disturbance to natural resources. The effectiveness of safety, health and environment management system and implementation of sustainable development in the organization could increase the fertilizer industry demands and ensure prolong growth of business.

Transmission lines are used to evacuate the power from one generating station to receiving station whether it is from power plants to substation or substation to substation. The transmission line capacity is from 132kV to 800kV of long distance to carry these power. There are so many hazards present while working with transmission line like typical tower design, insect bite, excavation hazards, Working at height, contact with live utilities, lightening hazards, imbalance conductor loading while conductor final sag, fall of materials from height, electrocution due to induction currents, heavy wind, Transportation of materials to remote locations where proper access is not available. Due to present of these unavoidable hazards, lot of accidents are occurring in transmission line. In order to minimise accident of project ,it should have a EHS Plan which contains the organisation roles and responsibilities ,Risk assessment of every activity and safe work method to execute the activity, legal requirements of project, Work permit system followed ,emergency action plan ,list of PPE's and Trade wise training details ,communication and reporting Keywords: Environment Health and Safety (EHS) plan, Building and other construction workers BOCW act , EHS risk assessment , Emergency response plan, Roles and responsibilities

Early marriage (EM) is a threatened issue for adolescent girls. The direct reproducers for future generations are adolescent girls. Healthy adolescent girl indicate healthy future generation. The health of Bangladeshi adolescent girl is mostly exaggerated by EM. It is prerequisite for adolescent mainly adolescent girls and their family to have knowledge about EM. This study explored the knowledge and perception of EM among adolescent’s girls. A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in a selected community of Rangpur district, Bangladesh where 120 adolescent girls were taken as sample from 10 May to 10 August 2016. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview and analyzed by SPSS 20.0 and excel spread sheet. The present study reported the average age of the participant’s was 15.61±1.79 (mean ±SD) years. There was a statistically significant (X2=7.8, X2=4.28 and X2=5.19 with p≤0.05 respectively) association between participant’s age, education, marital status and level of knowledge about EM. 42.5% participants had sufficient knowledge and remaining (57.5%) had poor knowledge about EM. There is a need for having adequate knowledge and perception about EM especially its negative consequences among adolescent girls which influencing on the overall development of our country.

ABSTRACT
Pergah Transport Limited is a Ghanaian indigenous transport organization that provides transport services to the general public and other organizations. Inventory is the major single investment in assets for many businesses. Although inventory is involved with financial matters, transport organisations are into profession provision of safe and affordable transport to their clients to enable them concentrate on their core businesses.
Also, inventory in the form of MROs plays vital role in quality transport service delivery, the emphasis ought to be on how best inventory management can lead to cost reduction. The company has at its disposal a number of inventory management techniques as well as internal inventory management systems to ensure the costs associated with inventory are reduced to the barest minimum level as reasonably practicable. In spite Pergah Transport’s effort to keep cost of inventory as low as practical, certain costs such as transportation cost, acquisition cost , holding cost, pilfering, and obsolete materials still form part of the larger cost inventory.
Again, the study was a fact finding study of inventory management as a cost reduction strategy in Pergah Transport Limited. The sampling method employed was a stratified sampling. A standardized questionnaire was administered to gather the primary data. The raw information gathered from the field was studied and all the essential rectifications were made after which they were coded and entered into SPSS (version 21.0) for study. The data was cleaned by running the frequencies for each response to determine survey statistics. Analyses on all the independent variables were done to determine those variables that were associated with the outcome variable.
Moreover, a total of 30 staff of PTL were included in the study. Out of these, 8(26.6%) occupied various positions in the area of inventory management, 5(16.6%) occupied fleet management positions, 5 (16.6%) were into procurement management and 6 (20.0%) were into accounting in the supply chain of PTL. The study reported effective inventory management system, techniques and practices which reduces cost of inventory such as acquisition cost, holding cost, cost of tip up capital etc.
Finally in this context, the  findings of this study has significant implication for inventory management and practices improvement in all sectors within the Ghanaian economy and other countries at large to reduce cost of inventory. Therefore, there is the need to adopt suitable practices that will help reduce the cost of inventory as reasonable as practicable.

Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) passed a resolution that ANC is a basic human right and all pregnant women should receive irrespective of age, parity, race, faith of the pregnant women and many interventions have been put in place to ensure that worldwide and nationwide. ANC is a necessary component of maternal health in order to identify complications and danger signs during pregnancy. Despite the interventions that have been undertaken to truncate the maternal and infant mortality rates through ensuring improved access by women to reproductive health care services in Uganda; the effectiveness of the interventions has not been observed thus a study on accessibility and utilisation of ANC services was conducted at ANC clinic of MRRH, Mbale district. Objectives: The general objective of the study was to establish the factors influencing the accessibility and utilization of ANC services among pregnant mothers attending ANC clinic in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital. Specific objectives were: to determine the level of utilization of ANC services among pregnant mothers attending ANC clinic in MRRH, to assess the quality of ANC services provided to pregnant mothers attending ANC clinic in MRRH and to establish mother's attitudes and suggestions on improving ANC services in MRRH, Mbale district. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Ninety-seven (97) questionnaires were self-administered to the mothers from the ANC clinic during their visit. While three (3) interviews were held with the health workers. Data were presented and analyzed in tables and figures, interpreted using frequencies, percentages. Results: Many of the mothers were between age of 20-24 43(44.3%), cohabiting mothers were the majority to be interviewed 47(48%). Those with gravid 5 were 5 (5%), 43(44%) had attained secondary education, 40% were peasants, 47(48%) had attended 2 visits, 76(78%) were aware of the importance of ANC early in pregnancy, 68 (70%) said opening days were convenient for them, 83(86%) didn't incur costs while utilizing ANC services. 93(96%) rated health workers as rude. Among the mothers interviewed 67(69%) received health education, 92(95%) received drugs for prevention of Malaria and Anaemia, 17(18%) were dewormed, 41(42%) underwent screening for hypertension, HIV infection, syphilis. Conclusions: Factors that were found to be associated with the utilization of ANC services included. Age, marital status, parity, gravidity, tribe, educational level, income level status of pregnant mothers, awareness about ANC services, distance, health facility inadequacy and ANC provider behaviors. Recommendations: The researchers recommend the following; recruitment of more health workers, more emphasis on health education and extension of more ANC services to the remote areas by the Ministry of Health to increase the availability of the services and increase their awareness about ANC services. Mothers are recommended to seek services immediately they realize they are pregnant.

Eco-anxiety and climate anxiety are widely discussed in contemporary media and are subjects of growing research interest. However, there is a lack of research about the definitions and variations of these phenomena. This article analyzes various views of eco-anxiety from a wide range of disciplines. Insights from various anxiety theories are used to discuss empirical studies about forms of eco-anxiety. The article points out that uncertainty, unpredictability, and uncontrollability seem to be important factors in eco-anxiety. Most forms of eco-anxiety appear to be non-clinical, but cases of "pathological" eco-anxiety are also discussed. Other relevant terms and phenomena are scrutinized, such as ecological grief, solastalgia, and ecological trauma. The relationship between studies on eco-anxiety and research about ecological emotions and affect is probed. Eco-anxiety is found to be closely connected to fear and worry, but several disciplines include discussion of its character as existential anxiety. Psychosocial and sociological perspectives point out that social dynamics shape forms of eco-anxiety in profound ways. While paralyzing forms of eco-anxiety emerge as a problem, it is noted that eco-anxiety manifests itself also as "practical anxiety", which leads to gathering of new information and reassessment of behavior options. This variety of forms of eco-anxiety should be taken into account in healthcare and public discussion.

E-waste management is a serious challenge across developed, transition, and developing countries because of the consumer society and the globalization process. E-waste is a fast-growing waste stream which needs more attention of international organizations, governments, and local authorities in order to improve the current waste management practices. The book reveals the pollution side of this waste stream with critical implications on the environment and public health, and also it points out the resource side which must be further developed under the circular economy framework with respect to safety regulations. In this context, complicated patterns at the global scale emerge under legal and illegal e-waste trades. The linkages between developed and developing countries and key issues of e-waste management sector are further examined in the book.

There is a shift from the 4th to the 5th industrial revolutions that may be happening by leaps and bounds with a greater impact to the world population and the economy. We need to plan and be ready with a better HSEQ management System that can cope with the arising needs of the future beyond 2030 to 2050.

Water quality is one of the most important factors in a healthy ecosystem. Clean water supports a diversity of plants and animals. The quality of the water you consume or use in municipal or industrial processes must meet specific parameters to ensure that drinking water remains free from contaminants that could cause health issues. Water quality measurements include physical,  chemical, and biological parameters.

The quality of drinking water is a powerful environmental determinant of health.  Assurance of drinking water safety is a foundation for the prevention and control of waterborne diseases.  Hence, a guideline developed by WHO through a vast global consultative process has been introduced for member states to adhere to.

In the process of steel production by electric arc furnace (EAF), it is found that 10 to 20 kg of dust was emitted per every ton of produced steel. Concerning the pollution potential of emitted dust and its reuse ability, the present study was aimed to determine the chemical composition of the electric arc furnace dust with a reuse perspective. This study was done in a steel factory equipped with EAF. Local exhaust ventilation system is installed on the furnace and equipped with cyclone and venturi scrubber. To analysis of dust compounds were gathered in a cyclone and those left the system, the samples were taken from the cyclone hopper and exhaust fan outlet. Finally, the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). According to the results, the trapped dust in the cyclone and scrubber were 226.86 and 44.81 kg/hr, respectively. The results obtained from XRD analysis also showed that about 50% of the dust was formed by Fe2O3. The quotient of other compounds such as CaO, MgO, SiO2, and Zn was more than 30%. Conclusion: the results of this study showed that EAF dust composed of a range of elements with different concentrations. Given the high weight of these compounds, reusing some of these elements can be having a positive impact on health and the economy.

Penerapan Program Safety Health and Environment (SHE ) secara umum diartikan penerapan dari program kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja dalam setiap aspek Industri. Dalam Era Industrialisasi dan Globalisasi Safety Health and Environment merupakan isu global yang menjadi trend di setiap aspek kehidupan utamanya di bidang Industri. Global Trend yang berkaitan dengan aspek safety. Mengapa? Karena ter-nyata aspek safety tanpa disadari membawa pengaruh yang sangat luas terhadap perilaku masyarakat dunia serta cara berbisnis atau cara pandang dalam menjalankan usaha. Banyak negara yang menghadapi bencana yang timbul akibat kelalaian dalam mengelola sumber daya alam atau lingkungannya. Banyak perusahaan yang bangkrut karena melupakan aspek safety dalam menjalankan bisnis.Berlatar belakang Hal tersebut di atas penulis mengambil Judul “PENERAPAN PROGRAM SAFETY HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT (SHE) PT WIJAYA KARYA,Tbk Proyek Pengembangan SARFASTUKS Migas PT. PERTAMINA(PERSERO) TERMINAL LPG TANJUNG SEKONG UNTUK MENCAPAI ZERO ACCIDENT”
Kata Kunci : Penerapan, Program SHE  dan Zero Accident
Penerapan menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia adalah proses atau cara
Program SHE  adalah Perencanaan Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja.
Zero Accident berarti tidak adanya kecelakaan di lokasi kerja
The implementation of the Safety Health and Environment Program (SHE) generally means the application of occupational health and safety programs in every aspect of the Industry. In the Era of Industrialization and Globalization Safety Health and Environment is a global issue that is a trend in every aspect of its main life in the field of Industry. Global Trend related to safety aspects. Why? Because it is clear that safety aspects unwittingly have a very broad influence on the behavior of the world community as well as ways of doing business or the way of doing business. Many countries face disasters that arise due to negligence in managing natural resources or the environment. Many companies are bankrupt because they forget the safety aspect of running a business. Background The above authors take the title "APPLICATION OF PT WIJAYA KARYA, Tbk SAFETY HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMS, SARFASTUKS Oil and Gas Development Project PT. PERTAMINA (PERSERO) TANJUNG SEKONG LPG TERMINAL TO REACH ZERO ACCIDENT "
Keywords: Application, SHE Program and Zero Accident
The application according to the Indonesian Dictionary is a process or method
The SHE Program is Occupational Health and Safety Planning.
Zero Accident means there is no accident at the work site

The potential of antenatal care for reducing maternal morbidity and improving newborn survival and health is widely acknowledged. Yet there are worrying gaps in the factors that influence ANC attendance. The study determined the Socio-cultural factors influencing attendance for ANC services and to establish the effects of these factors on the quest to improve maternal and child health and prevent maternal mortality. Data was collected using quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The tools used for data collection included questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Data was collected from ANC clients/ registrants, ANC providers as well as opinion leaders who matter in social and cultural issues. The study established that social and cultural barriers such as beliefs, female literacy, poverty, and age of women, quality of care and myths and misconceptions influenced the timing and utilization of ANC services. The study concluded that low empowerment of women, low educational levels, poor health infrastructure and poor attitude of health staff as well as pregnancy outdooring and other cultural factors determines partly the utilization of ANC service. Therefore intervention measures in place to improve women access and utilization of ANC services mainly address the supply side and ignore the demand side which makes the whole process fail to improve the situation on ground.  More friendly and sufficient health care services were therefore recommended to be provided to boost confidence of the community masses on health care and its providers. In addition, appropriate health education that is culturally acceptable and addresses the harmful traditional practices and benefits of safe motherhood should be explored and employed as short term measure. I believe that empowering women may be a more permanent work out on this issue.

Keselamatan dan Keamanan Kerja atau laboratory safety (K3) memerlukan perhatian khusus , karena penelitian menunjukkan telah terjadi kecelakaan kerja dengan intensitas yang mengkawatirkan yaitu 9 orang/hari. Oleh karena itu K3 seyogyanya melekat pada pelaksanaan praktikum dan penelitian di laboratorium. Laboratorium adalah tempat staf pengajar, mahasiswa dan pekerja lab melakukan eksprimen dengan bahan kimia alat gelas dan alat khusus. Penggunaan bahan kimiadan alat tersebut berpotensi terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Pada umumnya kecelakan kerja penyebab utamanya adalah kelalaian atau kecerobohan. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan dengan cara membina dan mengembangkan kesadaran (attitudes) akan pentingnya K3 di laboratorium. Keselamatan Kerja di Laboratorium, perlu diinformasikan secara cukup (tidak berlebihan) dan relevan untuk mengetahui sumber bahaya di laboratorium dan akibat yang ditimbulkan serta cara penanggulangannya. Hal tersebut perlu dijelaskan berulang ulang agar lebih meningkatkan kewaspadaan. Keselamatan yg dimaksud termasuk orang yg ada disekitarnya. Peraturan Keselamatan Kerja Tujuan Peraturan Keselamatan Kerja dimaksudkan untuk menjamin : 1. Kesehatan , keselamatan dan kesejahteraan orang yg bekerja di laboratorium. 2. Mencegah orang lain terkena resiko pekerjaan laboratorium yang menyebabkan terganggu kesehatannya akibat kegiatan di laboratorium.

For Citation:
Khayat, S., Salem, H.S., Natsheh, N., Marei, A., and Geyer, S., 2012. Tracing the Common used Agrochemicals Residues in the Groundwater System from Lower Jordan Valley Basin (Jericho/ West Bank). A Conference Paper presented at the Conference of "Water Crisis and Agricultural Development in Palestine". Palestine Technical University - Kadoorie (PTUK), Tulkarm, Palestine, 21-22 May 2012. In the Conference's Proceedings Book: Pages: 171-176.

Abstract:
The study is aims at tracing the effect of pesticides residues on the groundwater quality in the shallow Pleistocene aquifer in Jericho area. The Lithium and Bromide elements were also used to recognize the agrochemical pollution accompanied with pesticides residues in groundwater samples. Four
Pesticides were followed in 25 water samples, these are: Decofol, Bromprophylat, Pyrazophos, and Cypermethrin. The Data shows a trace amount of pesticides in the groundwater were found, where the concentration of Dicofol was the highest, accompanied by a relatively higher concentration of
bromide and lithium. Other high amount of Cypermethrin pesticide, reaches to 295μg/l in relatively deep well, was found in some agricultural wells in the study area. Cypermethrin has different halflife which reach 50 days in anaerobic groundwater conditions, thus the presence of this pesticide is mainly depends on the well environment. The presence of trace amount of residual pesticides indicate also that the higher amount of chemicals is retained by soil during infiltration, and only traces are washed out by floods from the upper mountains during raining seasons. The data also shows that the pesticides presence in the groundwater is mainly depend on the method of onsite application and the half-life of each agrochemical each well and the well depth.

Keywords: Jericho, Lower Jordan valley, groundwater quality, pesticides use.

On 4 August 2011, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) submitted an unprecedented, scientific, groundbreaking environmental assessment report (EAR) on Ogoniland to the Nigerian government. This was the outcome of a 14-month intensive evaluation of the extent of pollution. The intention was that UNEP’s recommendations would be implemented to restore the devastated environment, on the one hand, and on the other, counteract the numerous environmental health issues that have for decades, plagued Ogoniland. However, five years post-EAR, and despite the seriousness of the situation, no significant resolution has occurred on the part of the government or the Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) or Shell. To date, millions of Niger Delta residents particularly those living in the oil-bearing communities, continue to suffer severe consequences. Although the assessment was conducted in Ogoniland, other communities in the Niger Delta are also affected. This article explores prevailing issues in the Niger Delta, using Ogoniland (a microcosm of the Niger Delta) as an example. A multidisciplinary approach for sustainable mitigation of environmental health risks in the Niger Delta is paramount, and environmental management tools offer valuable strategies. Adopting the UNEP’s recommendations for addressing environmental health problems requires implementing the environmental management/environmental management system (EM/EMS), model. However, the persistent lack of political will on the part of the Nigerian government, and the grossly nonchalant attitude by Shell remain major obstacles towards executing UNEP’s recommendations

Di indonesia kecelakaan berkendara menjadi tingkat kecelakaan berkendara yang paling tinggi. Kecelakaan berkendara sepeda motor pertahun semakin bertambah. Data kecelakaan lalulintas yang menjadi urutan Ke-3 penyebab kematian di Indonesia. ini terjadi karena tidak adanya perhatian khusus dari pengguna sepeda motor serta tidak adanya pelatihan safety riding. Perlengkapan safety riding juga perlu kurang di mengerti oleh para pengguna sepeda motor. Tingginya angka kecelakaan dapat karena jumlah kendaraan bermotor yang meningkat setiap tahunnya dan juga karena kelalaian manusia yang menjadi faktor utama terjadinya peningkatan kecelakaan lalu lintas. Data Kepolisian RImenyebutkan, pada 2012 terjadi 109.038 kasus kecelakaan dengan korban meninggal dunia sebanyak 27.441 orang, dengan potensi kerugian sosial ekonomi sekitar Rp 203 triliun – Rp 217 triliun per tahun (2,9% – 3,1 % dari Pendapatan Domestik Bruto/PDB Indonesia). Sedangkan pada 2011, terjadi kecelakaan sebanyak 109.776 kasus, dengan korban meninggal sebanyak 31.185 orang. Hal ini sebaiknya kita cermati dengan seksama, yang mana kewaspadaan berkendara adalah menjadi hal yang utama, dan sebaiknya sebelum melakukan berkendara sepeda motor wajib mengasah skill dan kemampuan dan juga pengetahuan tentang cara berkendara yang baik dan benar atau safety riding. Pengertian safety riding itu secara umum adalah keamanan dan keselamatan berkendara. Jadi, Safety Riding adalah perilaku berkendara yang secara ideal harus memiliki tingkat keamanan yang cukup bagi diri sendiri maupun orang lain. Sampai saat ini banyak orang mengendarai sepeda motor tapi tidak semua orang memahami cara mengedarai sepeda motor dengan baik dan benar serta memperhatikan sisi keamanan dan keselamatan. Baik itu keamanan untuk diri sendiri maupun sisi keamanan bagi pengguna jalan lainnya. Padahal banyak kita temukan materi safety riding untuk di pelajari, di praktekan dan di patuhi. Banyaknya kecelakaan yang melibatkan

INTRODUCTION
Quality improvement (QI) methods have
been introduced to healthcare to support
the delivery of care that is safe, timely,
effective, efficient, equitable and cost
effective. Of the many QI tools and
methods, the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA)
cycle is one of the few that focuses on
the crux of change, the translation of
ideas and intentions into action. As such,
the PDSA cycle and the concept of iterative
tests of change are central to many
QI approaches, including the model for
improvement,1 lean,2 six sigma3 and total
quality management.4

PDSA provides a structured experimental
learning approach to testing changes.
Previously, concerns have been raised
regarding the fidelity of application of
PDSA method, which may undermine
learning efforts,5 the complexity of its
use in practice5 6 and as to the appropriateness
of the PDSA method to address
the significant challenges of healthcare
improvement.7

This article presents our reflections on
the full potential of using PDSA in
healthcare, but in doing so we explore
the inherent complexity and multiple
challenges of executing PDSA well.
Ultimately, we argue that the problem
with PDSA is the oversimplification of
the method as it has been translated into
healthcare and the failure to invest in a
rigorous and tailored application of the
approach.