Quality Management

Since the beginning of the movement for quality management programs based on ISO 9000 or/and ISO/IEC 17025 that were adopted by many type of industries, calibration laboratories have been under pressure to increase productivity. This work is about a computational system to automate the entire instrument calibration process. The computer vision system proposed is to be used to read the display of both analogue as well as digital instruments that do not have communication interfaces to computers such as GPIB or RS-232. In order to figure out instrument indication, the system employs an optical character recognition technique in digital displays and Canny's method for edge detection and the Hough's transform method for line localization in analogue displays, accelerating the data acquisition process and makes it less prone to errors. Consequently, it contributes to improve calibration and reduce costs, increasing the number of instruments with quality assured measurements.

ABSTRACT Lean Six Sigma Executive Overview (Case Study) Templates are a guide to Lean Six Sigma Green Belt, Lean Six Sigma Black Belt, and Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt Projects. Lean Six Sigma Practitioners use the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) Phases. The Lean Six Sigma Executive Overview (Case Study) include the most common tools used in the DMAIC Phases. There are Backup Slides that include the tools and templates of Optional or less often tools. There are guidelines in the notes section. These templates are used to document Lean Six Sigma Projects as they are executed. I wish you well on your projects. Steven Bonacorsi, Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt.

This paper similar to the study of recruitment and selection process, element of organisation social capital building, the paper focused attention on one function of human resource as it relates to organisational social capital building, the paper is widening the gap in knowledge on how to influence other human resources function such as training and development. This paper opens discussion on how training and development relates to organisational social capital building using Nigeria medium enterprises human resource perception. Business today operates in an environment, where every organisation focus on attaining increased productivity and performance from the staff they recruit. Human resource practitioners are expected to, not just, recruit staffs; they are saddled with the responsibility of training and developing employees they recruit in order to the achieve objectives of their firm. Hence, the use of training and development programmes and policies to build social capital for firms requires attention, that too, in a contextual manner. This paper studied the view of medium enterprises human resource practitioners as regards using training and development programmes to build organisation social capital.
Quantitative approach was used as the sole research method, 500 questionnaires were sent out to human resource practitioners in Nigeria medium enterprises, 451 were retrieved back. The paper uses a Likert-scale questionnaire as instrument and descriptive, bivariate and multiple regression analysis to investigate if human resource practitioners in Nigeria medium enterprises understand the need to use their training and development programmes to build organisation social capital for their firms and what influences this perception generates. The study reveal that Nigeria medium enterprises human resource practitioners focus on the social nature of work than on efficient process of work whilst design training and development programmes and in assessment of training needs of the organisation implying they are in support of the use of training and development function to build organisation social capital. Education background and qualification of human resource practitioners is found to the only factor responsible this positive perception.

Amid the emergence of the 21st century, a new era of modern business has set in India. Liberalization and globalization of Indian economy have provided challenges and opportunities to our new business and which has necessitated re-engineering of the present management education system. Recently, Union Budget is also decreasing the fund for higher education in India for the last five years. This research is focused mainly on existing problems and challenges which are needed to be addressed and seeks to provide the solution thereabout. At present in India, there exists three-tier management education administration i.e., Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), Entrepreneur's and prestigious industry run best management institutes and management departments of Universities. Besides this, private B-Schools and non-statutory business training institutions also impact business education leading to MBA degree or PGDM diploma. Unfortunately, most of the students don't get the job in the completion of the course. In most of the cases, even the best student doesn't cater to the needs of the market because in the formal education system the gap between what is taught and what is demanded by the market is evident. Hence, an urgent need to rethink and redesign the management courses has arisen. It discusses the rationale of re-engineering of the whole management education system i.e, Admission, Instruction, Infrastructure, Regulation, Examination, Certification, Training and Placement etc.

Przeprowadzanie badań satysfakcji klienta jest obowiązkowe w przedsiębior-stwach mających wdrożony System Zarządzania Jakością (SZJ), jednak organizacje bez wdrożonego SZJ również zauważają korzyści płynące z prowadzenia tego typu badań. Analiza poziomu satysfakcji klienta w przedsiębiorstwach traktowana jest jako cenne źródło wiedzy o stopniu jego zadowolenia z działalności przedsiębiorstwa.

The assessment of customer satisfaction is obligatory in the companies that have implemented the Quality Management System (QMS). Yet, the organizations without the QMS implemented also notice benefits of such assessments. The analysis of customer satisfaction shows how much they are content with the company activities.

External ventricular drains (EVDs) are commonly used to facilitate removal of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with neurologic dysfunction. Despite a high risk for infection (upward of 45%), many hospitals lack strict protocols for EVD placement and maintenance. In addition, EVD infections are typically not tracked with the same diligence as central-line catheter infections, because there are no widely accepted standards for routine management of EVDs. The purpose of this review is to provide a guide for the development of a standardized, best practice EVD protocol for catheter insertion, care, and maintenance to reduce ventriculostomy-related infections. A secondary goal of this review is to provide support for the future development of guidelines for the consistent tracking of EVD insertion and maintenance practices. At an academic medical center, an interdisciplinary team of nurses, advanced practice nurses, and neurointensivists reviewed recent medical and nursing literature as well as research-based institutional protocols on EVD insertion and maintenance from the United States and abroad to determine global best practices. The goal of this literature review was to identify key areas of focus in EVD insertion and maintenance as well as to identify recent studies that have shown success in managing EVDs with low rates of infection. The following terms were used in this search: EVD, externalized ventricular drains, EVD infections, EVD insertion, EVD Care and Maintenance, Nursing and EVDS. The following databases were utilized by each member of the interdisciplinary team to establish a state of the science on EVD management: American Association of Neurosurgical Surgeons, CINAHL, Cochrane, National Guidelines Clearinghouse, and PubMed. The following common EVD themes were identified: preinsertion hair removal and skin preparation, aseptic technique, catheter selection, monitoring of EVD insertion technique using a ''bundle'' approach, postinsertion dressing type and frequency of dressing changes, techniques for maintenance and cerebrospinal fluid sampling, duration of catheter placement, staff education/competence, and surveillance.

Actualmente las organizaciones que buscan permanecer en el futuro, deben hacer planeación estratégica en virtud de los cambio es que ocurren y lo vertiginoso de los mismos, es así que todas las organizaciones, llámense empresas privadas o públicas, instituciones paraestatales, organizaciones de la sociedad civil, centros educativos o fundaciones eclesiásticas, así como los tres órdenes de gobierno requieren de planear su porvenir en el corto, mediano y largo plazo, así como de aprovechar su trayectoria histórica y su legado cultural.

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to analyse how a pre-requisite programme and key performance indicators can be developed within an information management system in order to manage food safety, animal welfare and business performance criteria effectively in the poultry meat supply chain and seek to deliver continuous improvement. Design/methodology/approach -Desk research was carried out in order to develop the research model. Competitive benchmarking with a group of broiler growers was used to determine the most appropriate performance indicators that could differentiate both operational and financial performance. Findings -Supply chain benchmarking is more than a comparative analysis of cost structure, indeed it can be argued that if not effectively implemented, benchmarking techniques can focus too much on historic data rather than identifying and implementing current best practice, knowledge transfer and being able to initiate change within the business cycle. Effective livestock benchmarking requires a detailed understanding of the processes undertaken in order to determine the ideas and information that needs to be shared both vertically and horizontally in the chain which in turn will deliver compliance with stakeholder requirements and drive continuous improvement.

Bu araştırmayı yaparken temel bağlamda, kalite kavramının; tanımı, ölçütleri, kapsamı, özellikleri, misyonu, vizyonu, amacı gibi öznitelikleri referans noktası alınarak; kalitenin önemi, gereklilikleri, anlayışı, yönetimi, yönetim politikası, hedefleri üzerinde ayrıntılı çalışma yapılmış olup esas amaç olan ‘Havayolu Taşımacılığında Kalite Anlayışı’na odaklanılarak: Havayolu kalite yönetim sistemleri, yönetim faaliyetleri, organizasyonu, yönetim politikası, kontrolü disiplinleri üzerinde çalışılıp hazırlanmıştır.

This research investigates the relationship between organizational structure and organizational culture and entrepreneurial executive in Birjand city -Iran is discussed. Measuring instruments were 3 questionnaires. The results showed there is a direct relationship between the two variables and the organizational culture and entrepreneurship, there is no significant relationship between the concentration and corporate entrepreneurship and between complexity and the level of entrepreneurship and international dimensions of organizational culture, there is a direct relationship between corporate entrepreneurship. The general conclusions demonstrate appropriate organizational structure for implementing agencies to develop an entrepreneurial corporate culture than special arrangements are needed.

Cleanrooms are highly controlled environments, defined by
the air quality, and where certain physical and microbiological
requirements need to be met. Air quality is achieved through
a combination of airborne particulate control, such as through
high efficiency particulate air filters; high fresh air rates (air
movement and air changes); clean-up (or ‘recovery’) times;
pressure differentials, which concerns air direction;
temperature and humidity control (where necessary); cleaning
and disinfection; and staff behaviours and gowning. The
requirements for air quality, and the associated physical
aspects designed to achieve this, are contained within the
international standard ISO 14644.

Bińczycki B., Jakość pracy w organizacjach publicznych -interpretacja pojęcia [w:] Zarządzanie jakością. Doskonalenie organizacji, red. T. Sikora, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Kraków 2010, ISBN 978-83-929209-4-6, s. 22-29. Słowa kluczowe: jakość pracy, zarządzanie zasobami ludzkimi, zarządzanie publiczne Key words: quality of work, human re ources management, public management Streszczenie W ostatnich latach w Polsce wśród obywateli rośnie świadomość faktu, że sprawna obsługa administracyjna jest ich prawem, wynikającym ze źródeł i sposobu finansowania urzędów. Następuje także ekspansja koncepcji zarzą dzania jakością na nowe rodzaje organizacji. Wobec tego autor, wykorzystując własne doświadczenia w pracy samorządo wej, podjął próbę analizy pojęcia jakości pracy w odniesieniu do specyfiki pracy ur:ędniczej. Dokonano interpretacji pojęć według różnych autorów, podano bariery i korzyści :astosowania systemu :ar:ądzania jakością w urzędach ora: podstawowe cech) efektywnej pracy ur:ędniczej.

This paper examines the current status of quality beef trade in Argentina together with production and marketing value-adding alternatives. Origin and quality assurance systems for beef have been developed as a way of differentiating products designed to satisfy increasingly demanding European and North American consumers. This led to gaining new markets and obtaining higher prices and profit margins. Such systems are based on institutional, organisational and technological innovations that are ultimately co-innovations, since they derive from generally accepted collective action processes. In Argentina, the strong influence of path dependency, particularly within informal institutional and organisational environments, threatens any possibility of widely applying and developing the new designs, thus turning the argentine livestock sector into an irremediable sector.

We present research that contributes to the debate on the universal applicability of quality management, and in doing so, subject the 'one size fits all' assumption underlying quality management to an empirical examination. Specifically, with the Ž. exception of enhancements in instrumentation, we attempted to replicate, as closely as possible, Anderson et al.'s 1995 empirical evaluation of a Deming-based theory of quality management. In our replication, we applied path analysis to secondary, plant-level data provided by a stratified sample of plants in three different industries in Italy. The path analytical Ž. results from the current replication study were compared against those reported in Anderson et al. 1995 , which used data from U.S.-based plants. These results were then discussed in the context of conducting and interpreting cross-cultural quality management research. We concluded with the need for more replication studies in the quality management discipline and with implications for research and practice.

More and more factors have an influence on effectiveness and efficiency in logistical processes and systems. An important question of science is to identify the most important factors of control complex logistical processes and systems, to know their levels and influences to control all things in a right manner. To find the optimum in control there are often a lot of experiments to realize – practical and theoretical ones. In this field are used the sensitivity analysis as well as simulation and the Design of Experiments (DoE) too. This is necessary to fast prevent failures and solve problems early. This task is not an easy one, especially in logistical networks where a failure can have a lot of causes. In the following some of the connections between the both sciences Quality Management methods and Logistics are discussed and examples are given to show the synergy and the greater effects which make the synergy effect possible. (Compare [1] [2]) Two special areas of methods are focu...

Zastosowanie podejścia procesowego w zarządzaniu publicznymi szkołami wyższymi – wyzwania teorii i praktyki StreSZcZenie. Wyzwaniem dla szkoły wyższej w XXI wieku stają się: jakość usług oraz skuteczność, efektywność i elastyczność działania. W odpowiedzi na nie szkoły dokonują restrukturyzacji syste-mów zarządzania, wdrażając nowoczesne koncepcje i metody oparte na podejściu procesowym, takie jak: TQM, w tym EFQM, ISO 9001, Lean Management, Six Sigma, reengineering, benchmarking, outsourcing, centra usług wspólnych. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja dotychczasowego dorobku teoretycznego oraz praktycznego z zakresu problematyki wykorzystania koncepcji i metod zarzą-dzania opartych na podejściu procesowym w zarządzaniu szkołami wyższymi. Artykuł jest oparty na analizie literatury przedmiotu oraz badaniach własnych w zakresie wdrażania podejścia proceso-wego w szkołach wyższych. Efektem jest wskazanie na podstawowe kwestie podejmowane w bada-niach, przesłanki i bariery oraz luki badawcze w tym obszarze. Słowa klucZowe: podejście procesowe, szkoły wyższe, New Public Management, good governance wstęp W sytuacji ograniczenia funduszy publicznych, rosnącej konkurencji, wprowadza-nia do zarządzania publicznego orientacji rynkowej oraz wymogu transparentności oczekuje się, że system zarządzania uczelnią będzie spełniał postulaty skuteczności, efektywności, elastyczności oraz jakości. Przydatność tradycyjnych zbiurokratyzo-wanych funkcjonalnych struktur zarządzania wyczerpuje się i dezaktualizuje, gdyż coraz bardziej komplikują i wydłużają one realizację działań oraz całościową opty-malizację organizacji (Grajewski 2012: 20), obniżając jej skuteczność, efektywność, elastyczność oraz zdolność do tworzenia wartości. Uniwersytety w coraz większym stopniu są traktowane jako organizacje sektora publicznego, a w coraz mniejszym stopniu jako tradycyjne, historycznie wyjątkowe instytucje akademickie (Kwiek

Perceived quality is one of the most important factors underlying success of car manufacturers today. There is a significant amount of literature regarding perceived quality from a marketing research perspective, applied psychology and consumer research. From an engineering viewpoint, perceived quality is represented in the literature mainly by the work that assesses different aspects of perceived quality in order to evaluate them in the early design stages. As a result of this no theoretical framework has yet been compiled that combines customer view on perceived quality and the engineering prospects of this broad term. Consequently, terms regarding perceived quality components and elements often have multiple meanings or meanings similar to each other. There is a need to standardize the terminology and definitions related to perceived quality more concretely. This paper presents the basis of a theoretical framework in an attempt to build a model, including different aspects of perceived quality regarding automotive industry needs. Based on the literature review and industry examples, the authors propose a common terminology and perceived quality definition in the field of the automotive industry.

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal apresentar e discutir os fundamentos da gestão da qualidade e da nova versão da NBR ISO 9001, incluindo a aplicação do enfoque por processos nos serviços de informação, com o objetivo de apoiar a melhoria dos processos implantados nestes serviços e principalmente apoiar seu gerenciamento, visando à otimização de recursos e à elevação dos níveis de satisfação dos clientes, itens considerados fundamentais pelas organizações que optam por programas relacionados à gestão da qualidade.

This paper presents an extensive review on the services, six-sigma, and application of six-sigma in services. In order to improve service quality focus on service process is necessary. Six-sigma is a philosophy which also concentrates on the improvement of ...

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the relationship between ISO 9001 conformance of suppliers and the quality of products they provide, within a procurement system of a manufacturer operating under contracts with the United States Department of Defense. Design/methodology/approach-Chi-square tests of independence were performed to compare the receipt acceptance rate of material provided by ISO 9001-conforming suppliers to that of non-ISO 9001-conforming suppliers, for more than 46,000 receipts representing twenty-one material commodity groups provided by almost 800 suppliers. Acceptance of receipts required conformance to both hardware and paperwork requirements. Tests were also performed on data subsets, to determine the impact of ISO 9001 conformance on product quality for each of twenty-one material commodity groups, for manufacturers versus distributors, and for two material control levels. Findings-For the overall data set, and for the majority of data subsets analyzed, the product quality of non-ISO 9001-conforming suppliers was significantly better than that of ISO 9001-conforming suppliers. When only hardware non-conformances were considered to cause rejections, the results were similar, but effect sizes were generally smaller. Research limitations/implications-The quantities of receipts and suppliers included in this investigation were very large; however, care should be exercised in generalizing the results, because of the potential influence of the defense industry-related requirements imposed upon the material and the suppliers. Originality/value-This is believed to be the first paper to investigate the impact of ISO 9001 conformance on product quality using a large quantity of actual product data, for both ISO 9001-conforming and non-ISO 9001conforming suppliers, in contrast to numerous assessments of quality impact performed using interview and survey data.

Background: Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is used in the treatment of tendon injuries. However, the clinical effectiveness of this modality remains controversial with limited agreement on the most efficacious dosage and parameter choices. Purpose: To assess the clinical effectiveness of LLLT in the treatment of tendinopathy and the validity of current dosage recommendations for treatment. Method: Medical databases were searched from inception to 1st August 2008. Controlled clinical trials evaluating LLLT as a primary intervention for any tendinopathy were included in the review. Methodological quality was classified using the PEDro scale. Appropriateness of treatment parameters were assessed using established guidelines. Results: Twenty five trials met the inclusion criteria. There was conflicting findings from multiple trials: 12 showed positive effects and 13 were inconclusive or showed no effect. Dosages used in the 12 positive studies support the existence of an effective dosage window that closely resembled current guidelines. Where pooling of data was possible, LLLT showed a positive effect size; in high quality studies of lateral epicondylitis, participants' grip strength was 9.59Kg higher than the control group; for participants with Achilles tendinopathy, the effect was 13.6mm less pain on a 100mm visual analogue scale. Conclusion: This study found conflicting evidence as to the effectiveness of LLLT in the treatment of tendinopathy. However, an effective dosage window emerged showing benefit in the treatment of tendinopathy. Strong evidence exists from the 12 positive studies that positive outcomes are associated with the use of current dosage recommendations for the treatment of tendinopathy.

Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o nível de adoção de práticas da gestão da qualidade (PGQ) e verificar se a cultura organizacional (CO) das concessionárias automotivas brasileiras são orientadas para a qualidade, com base no seguinte problema: existe uma CO nessas organizações que propicie a aplicação excelente das PGQ? Para tanto, foi aplicado um questionário contendo ferramentas de diagnóstico do perfil cultural e dos níveis de aplicação das PGQ aos gerentes de qualidade de 80 concessionárias certificadas com sistemas da família ISO 9000. Com uma taxa de resposta de 40%, verificou-se que as concessionárias adotam PGQ em níveis satisfatórios, porém a CO constatada não está suficientemente desenvolvida para absorver essas práticas em níveis excelentes. Depreende-se que esse cenário se constitui crítico, visto que organizações dessa natureza lidam com um perfil de cliente altamente exigente e rigoroso. Palavras-chave: Gestão da qualidade; Cultura organizacional; Cultura da qualidade. Abstract: This article identifies the adoption level of quality management practices (QMP) and verifies the existence of a quality culture (QC) in the Brazilian car dealerships, motivated by the following research question: Is there an organizational culture in these dealerships that leads a high application of QMP? To address this question, diagnostic tools were applied to identify the cultural profile and QMP adoption levels with quality managers of 80 car dealerships with one of ISO 9000 family of quality management systems implemented. The results stressed that the dealerships implement QMP in a satisfactory level, however, the QC is not developed enough to implement these practices properly. This is a worrying scenario to the Brazilian car dealerships, once they work in a competitive market and deals with a rigorous customer.

Zmiany w gospodarce krajowej i światowej oraz ciągle zachodzące procesy rynkowe powodują, że zmieniają się także same przedsiębiorstwa. Niejednokrotnie efektem tych przemian jest konieczność przeprowadzenia zmian w strukturze za-trudnienia. Zmiany te są trudne, prowadzą w konsekwencji do zwolnień. Jednym z narzędzi wspomagających ten proces jest outplacement. Pojęcie to sukcesywnie, chociaż powoli, zaczyna funkcjonować w świadomości polskich przedsiębiorców.
Przedsiębiorstwo, które decyduje się na wdrożenie programu outplacement, manifestuje tym samym swoją prospołeczną strategię personalną. Jednocześnie ponosi związane z tym programem koszty, w tym koszty jakości. Celem poniższych rozważań jest ich specyfikacja w odniesieniu do programu outplacement.

Overview:

The webinar will address the need and role of Standard Operating Procedure template (SOP). SOPs are used throughout the pharmaceutical and Medical Device Industries.

SOPs describe the steps to be followed to produce desired products and the records and other products that are used to demonstrate that the products are as intended and compliant with the regulations.

Why Should You Attend:

The key to what is done in most of the Pharmaceutical and Medical device Industries is Documentation and the key to producing this documentation is in the SOPs.

An Audit or Inspection will rely heavily on the content of the SOPs. Without SOPs or with poor SOPs it will be impossible to show compliance.

Areas Covered in the Session:

The webinar will cover the processes that need Procedures to implement them. The structure and organization of SOPS will be presented. For example;

What information is in an SOP and what information is not in an SOP
What level of Detail is used?
What are the contents – Scope, Responsibilities, Products produced, References to other documents, Handling of Deviations, Steps

Learning Objectives:

Along with some  templates for different SOPs.
The participants will be able to document their Processes and

Who Will Benefit:

The patient in the trial should benefit because the procedures discussed here are design to increase data quality and integrity.
Those conducting the clinical trial will benefit because they will be performing the operations in a more compliant manner.

Level:

Beginner

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The concept of the quality of management is widely used in literature, although it has not been clearly defined. Authors define this concept and its scope in various ways. In the article the main areas of the application of the quality of management are discussed and a definition is proposed. The article also presents the classification of determinants of the quality of management and the framework evaluation model, which can serve to operationalize the concept. The article may be a starting point for the development of a detailed model of the evaluation of the quality of management in the enterprise.

The management of the documentation is one of the key points regarding the efficacy and the performance of the quality management of health centres. It offers to all professionals the possibility to be informed on the procedures in use, leading to a pool of documents for improvement of organisations and for securing the critical steps of the patient management. In this paper, we will describe the optimal organisation of the documentation according to Haute autorité de santé (HAS) and ISO recommendations, then we will discuss in concrete terms the potential methods usable for the production of a tool well adapted to our routine practice, in order to achieve the objectives for security.

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to empirically test the causal relationships in the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) Education Performance Excellence Criteria. Design/methodology/approach - Using a sample of 220 respondents from 15 United Arab Emirates (UAE) universities and colleges, results of regression analysis and confirmatory structural equation modeling show that all of the hypothesized causal relationships

For domestic buildings to meet current definitions of zero carbon the building fabric and services must achieve 70% reduction in energy use, taking the carbon emissions down to less than 7 Kg CO2/m2. However, there is a significant obstacle to such endeavours. The ...

Using data from 137 completed new product design (NPD) projects, we examine the direct and indirect effects on new product design quality of technological novelty, project organization complexity, and design-manufacturing integration (DMI). We use structural equation modeling to test the potential of DMI as a mediator of the effects of project organization complexity and technology novelty on product design quality. The results suggest that DMI is a strong driver of design quality, whereas technology novelty and project organization complexity serve to improve design quality only indirectly, in so much as they are associated with greater DMI. These findings extend prior research by establishing the importance of DMI at the NPD project level, suggesting that it is an effective means for coping with technological uncertainty and project organization complexity. We discuss the implications of these findings for future research and for managerial practice.

This research sets out to test some yet unanswered questions from the literature on cumulative capabilities, as well as addressing some of the shortcomings in prior research on cumulative capabilities. Multiple regression analysis is used to test hypotheses using an existing data set of 165 plants in five countries and three industries. The findings indicate substantial differences in patterns of cumulative capabilities between countries and limited evidence of industry differences. Cumulative capabilities were found to be related to plant performance, with no difference in this relationship by industry. Support for sequential progression of cumulative capabilities was not evident, leading to the notion that development of cumulative capabilities is a complex endeavor, affected by many interrelated contingencies, not limited to sequence of development. A sequence of strategic initiative development was proposed and tested, finding support for a common foundation of practices related to cumulative capabilities, with limited support for the relationship between specific strategic initiatives and higher-level cumulative capabilities.

In Mobile communications age, the IT environment and IT technology update rapidly. The requirements change is the software project must face challenge. Able to overcome the impact of requirements change, software development risks can be effectively reduced. Agile software development uses the Iterative and Incremental Development (IID) process and focuses on the workable software and client communication. Agile software development is a very suitable development method for handling the requirements change in software development process. In agile development, user stories are the important documents for the client communication and criteria of acceptance test. However, the agile development doesn't pay attention to the formal requirements analysis and artifacts tracability to cause the potential risks of software change management. In this paper, analyzing and collecting the critical quality factors of user stories, and proposes the User Story Quality Measurement (USQM) model. Applied USQM model, the requirements quality of agile development can be enhanced and risks of requirement changes can be reduced.

In the context of quality assurance strategies, statistical process control techniques and conformance testing are necessary to perform a correct quality auditing of process outcomes. However, data collection is based on measurements and every measurement is intrinsically affected by uncertainty. Even if adopted instruments are in a condition of metrological confirmation, random and systematic measurement errors can not be completely eliminated. Moreover, the consequence of wrong measurement-based decisions can seriously decrease company profits because of larger repairing and shipping costs, as well as for the loss of reputation due to customers' dissatisfaction. This paper deals with a theoretical analysis aimed at estimating the growth in decisional risks due to both random and systematic errors. Also, it provides some useful guidelines about how to choose the Test Uncertainty Ratio (TUR) of industry-rated measurement instruments in order to bound the risk of making wrong decisions below a preset maximum value.