Cognitive Philology

Науковий вісник Ужгородського національного університету. Серія: Філологія. Випуск 27. УДК 821.161.2-3.09 (049.3). "Б.Лепкий" Кордонець О. «Зломані крила» Богдана Лепкого як зразок модерної повісті; 13 стор.; кількість бібліографічних джерел-11; мова українська. Анотація. У статті розглядається один з ранніх творів Б.Лепкого-повість «Зломані крила», яка цілком вкладається в русло модерної поетики. Простежуються засоби психологізму та символізації в повісті письменника. Ключові слова: модернізм, імпресіонізм, психологізований пейзаж, потік свідомості, символічні деталі. Кордонець О. «Зломані крила» Богдана Лепкого як зразок модерної повісті Александр Кордонец «СЛОМАННЫЕ КРЫЛЬЯ» БОГДАНА ЛЕПКОГО КАК ОБРАЗЕЦ МОДЕРНОЙ ПОВЕСТИ Аннотация. В статье рассматривается одно из ранних произведений Б. Лепкого-повесть «Сломаные крылья», которая полностью вкладывается в русло модернистической поэтики. Прослеживаются средства психологизма и символизации в повести писателя. Ключевые слова: модернизм, импрессионизм, психологизированный пейзаж, поток сознания, символические детали. Olexandr Kordonets BOHDAN LEPKYJ'S STORY «BROKEN WINGS» IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE MODERN NOVEL Summary. The article deals with one of B. Lepkyj's earliest works-the story «Broken Wings» which entirely fi ts to the mainstream of modern poetics. The means of psychology and symbolization are observed in the writer's story.

Aslında ontoloji ve metafizik için geçerli olan, AF’nin diğer alan-
ları için de geçerlidir. AF’nin yakın tarihinde popüler olacak kadar alevlenen, lisansüstü öğrencilerin önemli bir bölümünü cezbetmesine rağmen hiçbir net çözüm üretilmeden ve hatta dünya daha bilgili hale gelmeden yok olan bir dizi problem tartışılmıştır. Paradigmalar, Kurallar, Aile Benzerliği, Kriterler,
“Gavagai”, Gettier Problemi, Katı Belirleme, Doğal Türler, İşlevselcilik, Eleyicilik, Hakikat İndirgemecilik, Dar ve Geniş İçerik, Mümkün Dünyalar, Dışsalcılık ve İçselcilik, Belirsizlik, Dört Boyutluluk ve günümüzde Şimdicilik bunlardan bazılarıdır.

Bahsedilen tüm meseleler gerçekten felsefeyi ilgilendirse de ufku Mind veya The Journal of Philosophy’nin son sayısından ancak biraz öteye uzanan felsefeciler arasında, hala ‘dünya korkuları’nı dışa vuran davranışlar temelinde takip ediliyorlar. Profesyonel felsefenin analitik yöntemi, iç gözlem ve göre-
celi izolasyona teşvik eder. Çünkü felsefe, daha geniş alanları meşgul eden bilimsel meselelerle doğrudan ilgili görünmez. Bunun sonu cunda, temel ilkelerin iki ila on yıl arasında keşfedilmesinin ardından bu tartışmalara katkı sunarak kariyer basamaklarını tırmanmak zorlaşmış ve haliyle ilgi başka alanlara, diğer trendlere kaymıştır. Sonuç ise bir yığın çözülmemiş problem olmuştur. Bu problemler çözülemez yahut önemsiz değildir fakat onları
çözmeye dair girişimler, dar ve dışa kapalı bir tutum içerisinde tasav-
vur edilen felsefe dışındaki konularca yeterince ele alınmamıştır. Bu
problemlerin kendileri de aslında, devamlı ve işbirlikçi çabalarla beslenen töz, madde, nitelikler, bilim, anlam, değer vb. felsefi tezlerin
yapbozun parçaları gibi uyumla birbirlerini tamamladıkları bir sistemin inşası için atılan her adım tarafından yanlış bir şekilde kısıtlanmaktadır.

Un'impostazione essenzialmente razionalistica delle storie letterarie ha fatto sì che le confessioni estatiche e, più in generale, la poesia che canta l'unione con la divinità fossero relegate in una nicchia di reazione ai limiti dell'esoterismo, insieme, del resto, ad una moltitudine di altre espressioni della spiritualità. Tuttavia, si potrebbero addurre numerose prove per dimostrare che già nell'Europa del XIII secolo l'estasi divenne fatto coscientemente dicibile in poesia e che, poiché si trattò di alta poesia, sarebbe erroneo non includere tali prove nel quadro più vasto di un canone europeo: qui concentreremo dunque l'attenzione su quelle forme del lirismo medievale, attraverso le quali alcuni autori, uomini e soprattutto donne, hanno tentato di rendere dicibile l'esperienza mistica. Alcuni indiscussi protagonisti di questa fenomenologia sono Hadewijch nelle Fiandre, Mechtilde von Magdeburg in Germania (per non parlare dell'esperienza di Meister Eckart), San Francesco e Iacopone in Italia, Marguerite Porete nello Hainaut di lingua francese, Raimon Llull in Catalogna. La poesia dell'estasi, in Europa, ha sue evidenti peculiarità e suoi momenti d'intersezione con altre forme della letteratura e del discorso. La grande poesia mistica europea non si esprime nella lingua della comunicazione fra i dotti, il latino, ma trova le sue forme d'espressione più straordinarie negli eloqui materni dei singoli poeti: il nederlandese di Hadewijch, il tedesco di Mechtilde von Magdeburg, l'umbro di San Francesco e Iacopone, il francese di Marguerite Porete, il catalano del grande teologo di Mallorca, ecc. Le ragioni per cui i grandi mistici europei hanno adottato come lingua d'espressione i volgari non curiali e per cui, nei casi che ci interessano, hanno scritto in versi e utilizzato forme specializzate del canto d'amore profano, sono state argomento di numerose e accese discussioni: connesse l'una con l'altra, esse sono peraltro legate alla questione, non solo nominalistica, dell'appellativo di "giullare di Dio", che la critica ottocentesca ha attribuito in origine a Iacopone da Todi e che è stata estesa, magari in altra forma, anche ad altre voci del misticismo europeo di quest'epoca. Se gli studi mettono sempre più in luce che i poeti mistici sono stati spesso fedeli esecutori del dettato delle istituzioni ecclesiastiche, monastiche, nonché talora dotti teologi, non c'è dubbio che, per lo stesso principio, le loro più evidenti specificità, quelle per cui a noi interessano come autori di una "letteratura europea", non potranno non essere ricondotte al progetto, che fu anche di San Francesco, ma che dovette preesistergli, di fare dei movimenti e degli ordini mendicanti gli equivalenti religiosi degli joculatores e dei trovatori profani.

У статті йдеться про антропосистему роману Ю. Муш- кетика «На брата брат», яка представлена двома великими групами: реа- ліонімами (імена реальних історичних персоналій) та авторськими іменами (використовуються для іменування вигаданих персонажів). Установлено, що зафіксовані в тексті твору імена персонажів мають різну генетичну спря- мованість. Відповідно до етимологічної належності конкретного імені героя, виділено такі групи за походженням: грецькі, латинські, давньоєврейські та слов’янські імена. Власні імена персонажів роману «На брата брат» відобра- жають унікальний історико-культурний портрет козацької доби в Україні XVII–XVIII ст. із притаманним їй своєрідним багатонаціональним складом іменникá. Досліджено, що письменник використовує моделі однокомпонент- ного, двокомпонентного та трикомпонентного іменування героїв твору. Роз- глянуто однокомпонентні імена, які є найбільш частотними в тексті роману та представлені назвами у формі одного імені або одного прізвища, які часто а...

В статье рассматриваются проблемы формирования вторичной терминосистемы юридической медиации. Вторичные терминосистемы – относительно новое явление языка науки, характеризующееся формированием особых подсистем терминов, обладающих особыми лингвистическими характеристиками. В составе вторичных терминосистем можно выявить не только термины базовой науки, но и единицы, привлеченные из других терминосистем, а также термины смешанного типа. Тем не менее, характер проявления указанных трех типов единиц специфичен для каждой вторичной терминосистемы, в том числе для терминологии медиации.

Speech error data collected by the author dnd from published literature are examined in relation to the issue of what implications tiley have for a theory o,f phonology. It is argued that separate (though related) theories are not required to account for anomalous as opposed to normal speech data. Rather, both types of data are regarded as congruent within the realm of linguistic activity and analysis; any noted difference between thern is not regarded as a matter of theory, but as a matter of deviation from expected sound-meaning correspondences. This deviation, however, must be allowed as a part of the principle of linguistic creativity. Related to this, the COMPETENCGPERFORMANCE distinction is criticised. Accountings proposed for speech errors and their implications for existent transformationalist and structuralist theories of phonology are examined and criticised. Explanations are proposed having the highly desirable general characteristic that they are all linked to a fundamental aspect of linguistic organisation, viz. linearity, involving the broad, simple, linear ord.er of traditional structural concepts such as Consonant and Vowel, for whose reduction speech errors provide clear behavioural evidence by correlation, and the order of traditional 'paradigmatic' units, involving the concept of neutralisation. It is concluded that, contrary to the generally held position, there is no evidence for the 'syllable' OX the 'segment' as independent linguistic units as these are assumed in transformationalist and structural& phonologies, nor for the binary feature similarly and relatedly conceived. * I would like to thank the editors of Lingua for helpful comments and criticisms of an earlier draft of this paper and also Cr. B.E. Bartlett for similar assistance.

This essay will examine the characterisation of the principal characters and events in 'Le Chevalier et la Charrette', a contemporary graphic novel adaption of the Méléagant episode based on Chrétien de Troyes's Le Chevalier de la charrette, by applying Mieke Bal's classic study on narratology, in which legendary and 'deviant' characters evoke reactions of surprise or revulsion in the reader. The first section will address the limits of inventio in the portrayal of Lancelot, a legendary character whose behaviour and actions are somewhat limited by the reader's background knowledge of him, whereas the remainder of the essay will focus on the use of the Lady of the Lake as a deviant character in the Méléagant episode. In the graphic novella, the Lady of the Lake is reinvented as a representation of Ankou, the servant of Death in Breton folklore. This allows the author and illustrator of the graphic novella to take advantage of the lacunae in the reader's background knowledge to present a previously unknown facet of the Lady of the Lake's character that bridges the gap between literary adaptation and literary appropriation, thereby resulting in a new cultural product that links medieval Arthurian legend to traditional Breton mythology.

This paper summarizes the findings and contributions made by scholars on precedent phenomena in the field
of modern linguistics. The aims in this paper are twofold: first, to present a brief theoretical overview of precedent
phenomena; second, to describe and foreground the sources, status and functions of precedent phenomena as
precedent phenomena (precedent text, precedent name, precedent saying, precedent situation) are the signs of
language, consciousness and culture. It should be stated there are growing appeals for precedent phenomena.
As the result three dominant scientific approaches (cognitive, linguo-cultural and intertextual) are distinguished.
Despite the heterogeneity of precedent phenomena, they are united by the following features: 1) significance
in cognitive and emotional connection; 2) suprapersonal character; 3) constant reproducibility in speech.
Verbalization of precedent phenomena sends us to a certain fact of culture hidden behind them. The illustrations
given in the paper are taken from the texts of literary, medical and mass media types of discourse. It highlights the
discursive peculiarities of the precedent phenomena. This gives a significant advantage because the precedent
phenomena are viewed within their status, sources and functional loading. The status of precedent phenomena
is understood as the criterion of the precedence – its suprapersonal / mass character, i.e. if the precedent
phenomenon is known either to a certain community of speakers or it reflects the linguistic consciousness of the
individual. The source of precedent phenomena is the reference to the original text, name, saying or situation.
The revealing and description of principal functions of precedent phenomena help to characterize the latter in
detail and determine their connection with cultural values

Poetry elicits emotions, and emotion is a fundamental component of human ontogeny. Although neuroaesthetics is a rapidly developing field of research, few studies focus on poetry, and none address its different modalities of fruition (MOF) of universal cultural heritage works, such as the Divina Commedia (DC) poem. Moreover, alexithymia (AX) resulted in being a psychological risk factor during the Covid-19 pandemic. The present study aims to investigate the emotional response to poetry excerpts from different cantica (Inferno, Purgatorio, Paradiso) of DC with the dual objective of assessing the impact of both the structure of the poem and MOF and that of the characteristics of the acting voice in experts and non-experts, also considering AX. Online emotion facial coding biosignal (BS) techniques, self-reported and psychometric measures were applied to 131 literary (LS) and scientific (SS) university students. BS results show that LS globally manifest more JOY than SS in both reading...

There is no disputing the role that background music plays in memory recall. Music has the power to activate the brain and trigger deeply ingrained memories. For dementia patients, background music is a common therapy because of this. Previous studies used music to recall lyrics, series of words, and long- and short-term memories. In this research, electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrodermal activity (EDA) data are collected from 40 healthy participants using wearable sensors during nine music sessions (three happy, three sad, and three neutral). A post-study survey is given to all participants after each piece of music to know if they recalled any autobiographical memories. The main objective is to find an EEG biomarker using the collected qualitative and quantitative data for autobiographical memory recall. The study finds that for all four EEG channels, alpha power rises considerably (on average 16.2%) during the memory “recall” scenario (F3: p = 0.0066, F7: p = 0.0386, F4: p = ...

The task of the present essay is to outline the neural processes entailed in the making and consumption of stories in three spheres: 1) in the foundation of subjectivity, 2) in the interaction between subject and object, and 3) in the relationship with ambiguous, ...

Tobacco constitutes a global emergency with totally preventable millions of deaths per year and smoking-related illnesses. Public service announcements (PSAs) are the main tool against smoking and by now their efficacy is still assessed through questionnaires and metrics, only months after their circulation. The present study focused on the young population, because at higher risk of developing tobacco addiction, investigating the reaction to the vision of Effective, Ineffective and Awarded antismoking PSAs through: electroencephalography (EEG), autonomic activity variation (Galvanic skin response-GSR-and Heart Rate-HR-) and Eye-Tracking (ET). The employed indices were: the EEG frontal alpha band asymmetry and the frontal theta; the Emotional Index (EI), deriving from the GSR and HR signals matching; the ET Visual Attention (VA) index, based on the ratio between the total time spent fixating an area of interest (AOI) and its area. Smokers expressed higher frontal alpha asymmetry values in comparison to non-smokers. Concerning frontal theta, Awarded PSAs reported the highest values in comparison to both Effective and Ineffective PSAs. EI results highlighted that lowest values were expressed by Heavy Smokers (HS), and Effective PSAs obtained the highest EI values. Finally, concerning the Effective PSAs, regression analysis highlighted a correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked by participants (independent variable) and frontal alpha asymmetry, frontal theta and EI values. ET results suggested that for the Ineffective PSAs the main focus were texts, while for the Effective and Awarded PSAs were the visual elements. Results support the use of methods aimed at assessing the physiological reaction for the evaluation of PSAs images, in particular when considering the smoking habits of target populations.

RIASSUNTO Lo studio intende fornire il quadro di riferimento della geografia della queste di Artu in uno dei romanzi piu diffusi nell’Europa tardo medievale, Olivieri di Castiglia. Il raffronto dei dati geografici del romanzo nella sua versione italiana, francese e spagnola mettono in evidenza non solo il modo diverso con cui ciascun autore percepisce lo spazio della queste, ma anche il diverso modo di narrarlo. La geografia e cosi importante nelle narrazioni cavalleresche da risultare un motivo fondante. ABSTRACT The study aims to provide the relevant geographical reference framework of the geography of Arthur in one of the most popular novel written in the late medieval Europe, Olivieri of Castile. The comparison of the geographic data of the novel in its Italian, French and Spanish version highlighting not only the different way in which each author perceives the space, but also the different way to narrate it. Geography is so important in knightly narratives as to be a fundament...

Con il presente intervento si intende illustrare i risultati ottenuti attraverso una prima e sistematica analisi degli acrostici nella Commedia dantesca. La ricerca è stata resa possibile grazie all’ausilio di uno strumento informatico appositamente creato per l’occasione, che ha permesso l’individuazione di un considerevole numero di presunti acrostici, distribuiti in varie configurazioni, all’interno del poema. Lo studio dei risultati restituiti dal programma è servito a fornire un’idea più precisa della casualità con cui questo tipo di artificio si può presentare nei versi di un’opera ampia come la Commedia e a favorire, attraverso lo studio di alcune caratteristiche ricorrenti, una valutazione più consapevole e completa dei contributi finora sottoposti all’attenzione della critica.

This work is a pilot study that used neurometric indexes during the listening of selected pieces of Dante's "Divina Commedia" in 20 participants. Half of them had a literary formation (Humanist; university students of literature) while the other half of is attending other university courses (Not Humanist). The study applied the electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms variations, the heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin response (GSR) during the listening of the excerpts. The neurometric indexes here employed were the Approach Withdrawal (AW), the Cerebral Effort (CE) and the Emotional indexes (EI). Results for the comparisons of the estimated AW, CE and EI related to the perception of the canticas showed as the Humanist group reported higher AW and EI values when compared to the Not Humanist sample (p < 0.03 and p < 0.01, respectively). Results suggest that the perception of the aesthetic experience is significantly modulated by the previous specific knowledge experienced by the participants. Finally, results of this kind of research could find application in the implementation of software and devices based on symbiotic relation with the perspective reader or listener of a literature opera, in order to personalize and maximize the fruition of them.

Актуальність статті зумовлена потребою переосмислення категорії «реалізму» загалом та у творчості Нечуя-Левицького зокрема. Мета дослідження-аналіз реалізму у тлумаченні Нечуя-Левицького. Поєднання реалістичних та національно-народних принципів стає причиною переконаності деяких дослідників у дотриманні прозаїком ідей романтизму. Насправді для Нечуя-Левицького реалістичні та народні риси в літературі взаємозалежні. Принцип реалізму у статтях письменника є поєднанням правдивості та естетичності, яке Нечуй вважає однією з рис українців. Правдивість письменник пояснює через метафору «відображення», для якої характерні, по-перше, впізнавані місця, час та персонажі, яких читач має співвідносити з певним соціальним станом, мешканцями реальної країни тощо, по-друге, реалістичність зображуваного, можливість безпосередньо асоціювати прочитане з досвідом, по-третє, настанова на дидактизм. Як антипод реалізму Нечуй-Левицький розглядав романтизм та декаденство, які критикував за надмір фантазії та невідповідність життєвій правді. До національно-народних рис можна віднести вибір об'єкта зображення (Україна та українці), вимоги народної мови, відтворення народного характеру та духу. Варто підкреслити, що стаття письменника «Непотрібність великоруської літератури для України і для слов'янщини» спрямована значною мірою на захист української мови та національності, отже, ключовими її питаннями є ствердження існування України як окремої країни, що було зумовлено історичними реаліями XIX століття. Доцільно зазначити, що стаття лише побіжно зачіпає проблему стильової палітри творчості Нечуя-Левицького. Проте дослідження специфічної інтерпретації реалізму Нечуєм-Левицьким може стати частиною її вирішення.

Мета. Виявлення шляхом емпіричного дослідження вербальних ознак неправдивості або правдивості письмового тексту на матеріалі рідної (української) та першої іноземної (англійської) мов. Методи. Учасниками емпіричного психолінгвістичного дослідження стали 200 студентів, котрі отримали завдання створити українською або англійською мовами два описи подій: один правдивий, а інший – неправдивий на ту ж тему. У загальному було проаналізовано 15 показників, які можуть свідчити про неправдивість письмового тексту. Для виявлення статистично значимої різниця застосовано t-критерій Стьюдента та Т-критерій Вілкоксона, для виявлення залежності між показниками – кореляційний аналіз Спірмена. Результати. Проведене дослідження підтвердило, що незалежно від мови (української чи англійської) правдиві тексти довші за неправдиві у більшості випадків, вони також більше наповнені емотивно-сенсорними та просторовими деталями, містять чисельні згадки особи мовця (самореференцію), натомість неправдиві тексти...

Аннотация: в статье рассматривается судебный перевод в России, еще не получивший надлежащего признания в стране. Анализируются взгляды российских учёных, а также исследуется зарождение и развитие судебного перевода в других странах. Спрос на устных переводчиков, специализирующихся в этом виде перевода, постоянно растёт в многонациональных странах. В связи с судебным переводом выделяются две проблемы: обеспечение доступа к правосудию представителям языковых меньшинств и финансовые возможности судов. Предложена программа мероприятий, направленных на решение этих проблем. Abstract: the article discusses the problem of insufficient recognition of court interpreting in Russia. It analyses the views of some Russian scholars on the problem. The inception and development of court interpreting in other countries are examined. The demand for the professionals specializing in this kind of interpreting is constantly growing in multinational countries. Providing access to justice for linguistic ...

The paper presents an overview of the freelance practice in the Ukrainian translation industry through the lens of the role of Associate Translation Fellow at “Association4U” EU-funded technical aid project (Phase I) aimed at supporting approximation of Ukrainian laws to EU legislation. To meet the challenges of the ever-changing political world, translators should be able to build specific capacities. Under the microscope of the observations made is the range of competences which a contemporary translator should have to maintain a competitive profile in institutional translation domain. An institutional translator’s portrait has been drawn up based on the A4U case, which became possible due to feedbacks given to junior fellows and stylistic analysis of the translated texts. The studies of acquis communautaire provide insights into the stylistic peculiarities of translation of the EU acts in the context of the Ukrainian language. Key attention is given to cognitive, stylistic, and d...

This paper concerns the Charrette Project, a multimedia electronic archive of a medieval manuscript tradition. In this paper, we argue that the computer's strengths in manipulating complex and varied resources should be an important organizing principle in the conception and construction of electronic text projects. Specifically, we describe the elements of the Charrette archive, its architecture, and its potential for scholarly research and pedagogical applications.

This work is a pilot study that used neurometric indexes during the listening of selected pieces of Dante's "Divina Commedia" in 20 participants. Half of them had a literary formation (Humanist; university students of literature) while the other half of is attending other university courses (Not Humanist). The study applied the electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms variations, the heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin response (GSR) during the listening of the excerpts. The neurometric indexes here employed were the Approach Withdrawal (AW), the Cerebral Effort (CE) and the Emotional indexes (EI). Results for the comparisons of the estimated AW, CE and EI related to the perception of the canticas showed as the Humanist group reported higher AW and EI values when compared to the Not Humanist sample (p < 0.03 and p < 0.01, respectively). Results suggest that the perception of the aesthetic experience is significantly modulated by the previous specific knowledge experienced by the participants. Finally, results of this kind of research could find application in the implementation of software and devices based on symbiotic relation with the perspective reader or listener of a literature opera, in order to personalize and maximize the fruition of them.

La concepcion oral de la lirica medieval nos permite plantear nuevas hipotesis mediante la comparacion entre repertorios liricos contemporaneos con distintas lenguas y con diferentes sistemas metricos y ritmicos. La musica es el elemento comun que permite la comparacion y, por tanto, se impone una consideracion plurilinguistica y, por tanto, intersistemica. El elemento melodico es susceptible de ser interpretado como portador de significado mediante analisis intertextuales e intermelodicos. Plurilinguismo, intermelodicidad e imitacion intersistemica.

This work is a pilot study that used neurometric indexes during the listening of selected pieces of Dante's "Divina Commedia" in 20 participants. Half of them had a literary formation (Humanist; university students of literature) while the other half of is attending other university courses (Not Humanist). The study applied the electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms variations, the heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin response (GSR) during the listening of the excerpts. The neurometric indexes here employed were the Approach Withdrawal (AW), the Cerebral Effort (CE) and the Emotional indexes (EI). Results for the comparisons of the estimated AW, CE and EI related to the perception of the canticas showed as the Humanist group reported higher AW and EI values when compared to the Not Humanist sample (p < 0.03 and p < 0.01, respectively). Results suggest that the perception of the aesthetic experience is significantly modulated by the previous specific knowledge experienced by the participants. Finally, results of this kind of research could find application in the implementation of software and devices based on symbiotic relation with the perspective reader or listener of a literature opera, in order to personalize and maximize the fruition of them.

Neuroaesthetics, the science studying the biological underpinnings of aesthetic experience, recently extended its area of investigation to literary art; this was the humus where neurocognitive poetics blossomed. Divina Commedia represents one of the most important, famous and studied poems worldwide. Poetry stimuli are characterized by elements (meter and rhyme) promoting the processing fluency, a core aspect of neuroaesthetics theories. In addition, given the evidence of different neurophysiological reactions between experts and non-experts in response to artistic stimuli, the aim of the present study was to investigate, in poetry, a different neurophysiological cognitive and emotional reaction between Literature (L) and Non-Literature (NL) students. A further aim was to investigate whether neurophysiological underpinnings would support explanation of behavioral data. Investigation methods employed: self-report assessments (recognition, appreciation, content recall) and neurophysio...

En este trabajo se intentará demostrar la importancia del episodio de la carreta en el proceso de constitución y fijación del ciclo artúrico en Francia y en España. Con ese propósito serán considerados Le chevalier de la Charrette de Chrétien de Troyes, dos versiones diferentes del Lancelot du Lac y el pasaje correspondiente del Libro de Lanzarote del Lago (ms. 9611 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Madrid). Las cuatro redacciones son consideradas como diferentes estadios textuales que demuestran los cambios literarios y culturales producidos en ellos. En función de la compleja tradición textual, no es posible postular una derivación directa entre dichas versiones, sino que proponemos calas puntuales que contribuyan a caracterizar las construcciones literarias de ese período. Palabras clave: literatura comparada-ciclo artúrico-Francia-España This work aims at demonstrate the importance of the cart's episode in the constitution and fixation process of the Arthurian cycle in France and in Spain. Therefore, we will examine Chrétien of Troyes' Le Chevalier de la Charrette, two different versions from Lancelot du Lac and the corresponding passage of the Libro de Lanzarote del Lago (ms. 9611 of the National Library of Madrid). The four versions are considered as textual different stages that demonstrate the literary and cultural changes taken place within them. As a result of the textual complex tradition, it

The paper suggests an explanatory algorithm of ideology mind work by means of mathematical modeling of mental configurations processes. The correlation between the universal knowledge domain, conceptual and ideological pictures of the world are presented as operations of mathematical functions and their composition. The functions of ideological mentality and ideological doctrine are discerned on the basis of function properties.

American obsolete and historical items reflect constant cultural and language changes along with their interaction. Etymologically, many of them go back to Dutch, Indian languages, British dialectisms and archaisms. Semantically, the stock in many cases refers to such fields as the American frontier, politics, historial events, slavery, folk traditions and old customs. Obsolete and historical idioms along with slang and colloquial vocabulary are well-pronounced. The text analysis in many cases reveals much earlier references of the items, different from established by authoritative sources.

This work is a pilot study that used neurometric indexes during the listening of selected pieces of Dante's "Divina Commedia" in 20 participants. Half of them had a literary formation (Humanist; university students of literature) while the other half of is attending other university courses (Not Humanist). The study applied the electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms variations, the heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin response (GSR) during the listening of the excerpts. The neurometric indexes here employed were the Approach Withdrawal (AW), the Cerebral Effort (CE) and the Emotional indexes (EI). Results for the comparisons of the estimated AW, CE and EI related to the perception of the canticas showed as the Humanist group reported higher AW and EI values when compared to the Not Humanist sample (p < 0.03 and p < 0.01, respectively). Results suggest that the perception of the aesthetic experience is significantly modulated by the previous specific knowledge experienced by the participants. Finally, results of this kind of research could find application in the implementation of software and devices based on symbiotic relation with the perspective reader or listener of a literature opera, in order to personalize and maximize the fruition of them.

This work is a pilot study that used neurometric indexes during the listening of selected pieces of Dante's "Divina Commedia" in 20 participants. Half of them had a literary formation (Humanist; university students of literature) while the other half of is attending other university courses (Not Humanist). The study applied the electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms variations, the heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin response (GSR) during the listening of the excerpts. The neurometric indexes here employed were the Approach Withdrawal (AW), the Cerebral Effort (CE) and the Emotional indexes (EI). Results for the comparisons of the estimated AW, CE and EI related to the perception of the canticas showed as the Humanist group reported higher AW and EI values when compared to the Not Humanist sample (p < 0.03 and p < 0.01, respectively). Results suggest that the perception of the aesthetic experience is significantly modulated by the previous specific knowledge experienced by the participants. Finally, results of this kind of research could find application in the implementation of software and devices based on symbiotic relation with the perspective reader or listener of a literature opera, in order to personalize and maximize the fruition of them.

This paper concerns the Charrette Project, a multimedia electronic archive of a medieval manuscript tradition. In this paper, we argue that the computer's strengths in manipulating complex and varied resources should be an important organizing principle in the conception and construction of electronic text projects. Specifically, we describe the elements of the Charrette archive, its architecture, and its potential for scholarly research and pedagogical applications.

Scenari futuri per gli studia humanitatis: digital humanities, linguistica computazionale, filologia cognitiva 22/06/2021 18:00, via Docety https://www.docety.com/seminario/567/dettagli. È necessario prenotare il proprio posto in aula con congruo anticipo

ForensiX HUB Italia nasce dalla sinergia di professionisti di differenti rami delle scienze forensi che, credendo nell'interdisciplinarietà e nel lavoro di squadra, hanno deciso di unirsi e offrire un servizio a 360°. Affidandosi a noi, il cliente avrà a disposizione esperti nelle varie discipline forensi, in modo da poter essere supportato nella ricerca e nella valutazione delle prove, relazionando le varie discipline secondo il modello dell'esagramma cognitivo qui sotto rappresentato.

Il meglio che possiamo augurarci è di scoprire dietro il muro che abbiamo appena abbattuto altre muraglie più lontane di cui ignoriamo la consistenza e che richiederanno alla nostra intelligenza d'inventare nuovi congegni che dobbiamo costruire dal nulla. (1927) Beltramo y Draguet ed. El presente trabajo parte de la convicción de que la filología y la musicología que estudian los textos y las melodías trovadorescas medievales deben tender a observar más allá de los textos y las melodías conservadas, e hipotetizar tanto sobre los textos como los contextos, a partir de una serie de preguntas que podemos plantear a los documentos conservados y a sus posibles respuestas, contrastando la información que de esas preguntas se desprenda con otros textos e informaciones de tipo histórico, arqueológico, iconográfico, etnográfico… ¿Qué hay de revelador en contextos desconocidos que nos permita reflexionar sobre los textos? En el año 2006 impartí una serie de lecciones en el marco del Seminario de Investigación dirigido por Jerusa Pires Ferreira en el Departamento de Comunicação e Semiótica de la Pontificia Universidade Católica De São Paulo (Brasil) y asistí a la exposición de una investigación realizada por Caroline Paschoal Sotilo y dirigida por la profesora Ferreira. La investigadora proponía una reflexión sobre los contextos que se evocan a partir de los márgenes invisibles pero existentes de las fotografías familiares. Cuando estas imágenes fotográficas son compartidas por sus protagonistas y/o familiares generan numerosos comentarios sobre personas no presentes, espacios o situacionies ajenas a la fotografía en cuestión. Todo ello supone una evocación de la memoria de lo ausente o de lo desaparecido, siempre a partir de esos contornos virtuales de la fotografía. Esa es la facultad de evocación de la imagen como fuente iconográfica y como "aide mémoire" del pasado de los individuos que no son conscientes de la información que alberga su cerebro hasta que una imagen conotativa despierta el recuerdo. Como afirmaba la investigadora se trataba de una "imagem multiplicada". Salvando distancias, creo que es necesario interrogar a los textos medievales pensando en esos contornos.

Il meglio che possiamo augurarci è di scoprire dietro il muro che abbiamo appena abbattuto altre muraglie più lontane di cui ignoriamo la consistenza e che richiederanno alla nostra intelligenza d'inventare nuovi congegni che dobbiamo costruire dal nulla. (1927) Beltramo y Draguet ed. El presente trabajo parte de la convicción de que la filología y la musicología que estudian los textos y las melodías trovadorescas medievales deben tender a observar más allá de los textos y las melodías conservadas, e hipotetizar tanto sobre los textos como los contextos, a partir de una serie de preguntas que podemos plantear a los documentos conservados y a sus posibles respuestas, contrastando la información que de esas preguntas se desprenda con otros textos e informaciones de tipo histórico, arqueológico, iconográfico, etnográfico… ¿Qué hay de revelador en contextos desconocidos que nos permita reflexionar sobre los textos? En el año 2006 impartí una serie de lecciones en el marco del Seminario de Investigación dirigido por Jerusa Pires Ferreira en el Departamento de Comunicação e Semiótica de la Pontificia Universidade Católica De São Paulo (Brasil) y asistí a la exposición de una investigación realizada por Caroline Paschoal Sotilo y dirigida por la profesora Ferreira. La investigadora proponía una reflexión sobre los contextos que se evocan a partir de los márgenes invisibles pero existentes de las fotografías familiares. Cuando estas imágenes fotográficas son compartidas por sus protagonistas y/o familiares generan numerosos comentarios sobre personas no presentes, espacios o situacionies ajenas a la fotografía en cuestión. Todo ello supone una evocación de la memoria de lo ausente o de lo desaparecido, siempre a partir de esos contornos virtuales de la fotografía. Esa es la facultad de evocación de la imagen como fuente iconográfica y como "aide mémoire" del pasado de los individuos que no son conscientes de la información que alberga su cerebro hasta que una imagen conotativa despierta el recuerdo. Como afirmaba la investigadora se trataba de una "imagem multiplicada". Salvando distancias, creo que es necesario interrogar a los textos medievales pensando en esos contornos.

A peculiar aspect of manuscript variation in the textual tradition of Chrétien’s romances concerns the description of affective states which define the emotional responses of characters to natural or social circumstances in which they are immersed. The fact that the textual tradition presents peculiar readings of different manuscripts in respect to emotion-related circumstances shows that medieval scribes are likely to have interfered with the emotional tone of specific episodes according to their own understandings of the reason why characters might act as they do. Presented data suggest that they had an active understanding and involvement in Chrétien’s empirical realism which revolves around the truth of what characters actually felt, and what the readers felt and keep feeling with them.

Based on a definition of allegory, which combines personification (subject) and metaphor (action), the paper discusses some key-episodes of Chrétien de Troyes’ Chevalier de la Charrette and Chevalier au Lion so as to show when the combination is truly functional to the development of an allegorical framework. At the same time, it will be shown that all presented cases denote the emergence on the surface of the text of the thematic drives that support the dramatic development of these romances, in order to clarify the crucial relevance of specific episodes. Typically, Chrétien makes use of allegory when it comes to clarify the extent of a dilemma, that is when the protagonist is required to take responsibility for a dramatic choice or when he finds himself in an apparently paradoxical situation resulting from choices he previously made. Textual evidence will show that Chrétien makes use of the abstractum agens in order to emphasize congruence between matiere and sen, that is the described circumstances in respect to the thematic framework which substantiates his romances.

Artemis' Own Story: Men say, for it is mostly men who have the opportunity to say, that one's destiny is written in the stars. However, it is both my belief and my experience that women who not only do not fear the night, but also take ownership over its shadowed borders, learn to shape the patterns of the stars. Moreover, as they hold out their arms to embrace the palpable dark, they are reunited with the first goddess, our mother, who knows the rhythms of our secret centers. She knows as well the creation of our most mysterious power-drawing down the moon. In this way, these women give birth to their own destinies and to descendants as countless as the stars. The fact that my mother didn't die in bearing twins was lucky for all of us, and was partly my doing, although not, of course, actively, as some stories say, since I myself had just been born. However, I was born with an intensely strong will to live and to protect life; and through my mother Lêto's screams I began what I can only describe as a sending. From me emanated a signal like a bright ray-a call for someone to help. Within a short time, I am told, a young midwife came from the other side of the island to help us. I never knew her name, and she was on our island by what some would call mere chance. According to the servant I later questioned about this, the midwife had assisted at a royal birth. Although the birth was successful, when the girl left the queen's side for a moment, she returned to find the boychild dead, a silken pillow slimy with something shiny lying nearby, and the mother's eyes oddly glowing with an inexplicable triumph, according to the girl. The midwife never found out the true story and was herself accused and banished to our island, but my point is that, with a power I have had from birth, I somehow called this gifted accoucheuse, and she appeared just when most direly needed to save both my mother and Apollo. She reached her small skilled hands inside my mother's womb, then twisted oversized Apollo into the right position so his neck didn't break and he could slide smoothly out. It was apparently her potion of special herbs, a drink which I now know how

La miscellanea vuole celebrare l'emeritato e il settantesimo compleanno di Francesco Zambon, già professore ordinario di Filologia romanza e docente di Letteratura italiana contemporanea presso l'Università di Trento. Hanno partecipato all'omaggio i colleghi e gli allievi trentini, gli amici del Circolo Filologico-Linguistico Padovano e molti altri autori che hanno conosciuto e stimato Francesco Zambon: un nutrito insieme distribuito fra le Università, le Accademie e i Collegi di Italia, Austria, Francia, Romania e Spagna. I contributi della miscellanea spaziano dalla medievistica al contemporaneo rispecchiando gli interessi di ricerca coltivati da Zambon nell'arco della sua carriera (allegoria, bestiari, mistica, esoterismo, traduzione, Montale, etc.). Il titolo è tratto da una lirica del Diario del '71 e del '72 e centra i due orizzonti degli studi zamboniani: il filologicamente chiaro (la vigile attenzione al testo, alla sua storia, vita e forme, e un'impareggiabile trasparenza di stile e contenuti); il richiamo di un'obscuritas che è sostanza (eresia catara, esoterismi) e veste della poesia (poesia mistica, Simbolismo, Ermetismo) nel suo darsi ogni volta misterioso, a tratti equivoco, a chi ne attende e ne studia i segni.

Kaunt ly enfes ad tel age Ke seet entendre a laungage, Primes en fraunceis le devez dire Coment soun cors deit descrire [Walter di Bibbesworth, Tretiz, Nell'insegnamento delle lingue straniere, negli ultimi cinquant'anni si sono andati via via abbandonando i metodi tradizionali, che in linea di massima identificavano l'apprendimento linguistico con l'acquisizione di regole grammaticali, ponendo in posizione separata e secondaria l'acquisizione del vocabolario, e si sono invece affermati approcci che valorizzano la funzione comunicativa delle lingue e mettono al centro dell'attenzione gli aspetti psicologici e cognitivi dell'apprendimento, rivalutando anche l'importanza del lessico (cfr. Serra Borneto 1998: in part. 22-37 e 227-251). Nell'ambito delle teorie e dei metodi di tipo comunicativo, si sono andate sviluppando delle tendenze che considerano lo studio del lessico focale nella prassi didattica e che, nell'insieme, sono riconducibili a quello che viene definito "approccio lessicale" (si veda almeno Lewis 1993 e, in relazione alla didattica, Nation 2001; per gli sviluppi più recenti Lo Cascio 2012):

The study was aimed to analyze theoretical material on the issues of idiomatic expressions and their translation, as well as to define and assess the importance of the translation of idiomatic expressions, which students can encounter in technical literature, into Ukrainian. The transformation of image of English idioms is a very difficult task because of their semantic richness, imagery, brevity and the brightness. On the one hand, English idioms are widely used in oral speech, artistic and political literature. On the other hand, English idioms are used in technical literature, though not so often. The choice of one or another type of translation depends on the features of idiomatic expressions that students must recognize and be able to transform their meaning, brightness and clarity.

The article presents the priming as a lingual gear being implicit and modality specified by its nature. Linguistic priming depends on the linguistic features of the input stimulus and occurs predominantly on the pre-semantic level within the representative system of the language. The author has classified the types of priming. Due to its ability for promoting/obstructing perception and production of a target stimulus, priming splits into facilitation and inhibition. In accordance with the implicit or explicit processes underlying the priming, there is under-threshold and over-threshold priming. Due to modal specificity, there is perceptive and conceptual priming.

СЮТА Б. О. [email protected] доктор мистецтвознавства, професор, професор кафедри теорії музики Національна музична академія України ім. П. І. Чайковського м. Київ, Україна ФЕНОМЕН ГРИ В СУЧАСНІЙ МУЗИЧНІЙ ТВОРЧОСТІ У монографії «Ігри і люди» відомий французький соціолог і літератор Роже Каюа, характеризуючи гру, висловився досить жорстко: «Насправді гра нічого не продукує: ні матеріального добра, ні духовних витворів. Вона по суті своїй безплідна» [3, с.33]. Ця характеристика, наче дамоклів меч, невмолимим присудом висить і над іграми, що належать до велетенської галузі людської культури -музики, яка є фактично вкоріненою в стихію гри. Гри звуків, тембрів, образів, емоційних станів… Не випадково усі музичні твори, призначені для виконання на музичних інструментах, у більшості мов європейських народів «грають» [на це звернув увагу вже Й. Хейзінґа: 4, с.179]. То чи справді гра в музиці така безплідна і нічого не продукує? Питання досі залишається відкритим. Той самий Й. Хейзінґа наприкінці свого ґрунтовного дослідження про людей і їхні ігри однозначно стверджує, що «в основі будь-якої музичної діяльності лежить гра» [4, с.184], хоч осмислення феномена гри в сучасній музичній практиці (як і в музичній практиці взагалі) є, на наш погляд, неповним і певною мірою однобоким. Тому цей зовсім не апологетичний текст присвячений викладу кількох міркувань про музичне переломлення такої комплексної діяльності людини, як гра. Адже музика асоціюється в нашій свідомості саме з грою. Згадаймо, наприклад, кілька зразків традиційного українського назовництва: пісень співають, танок танцюють, а