Prosody-Syntax

Some theories of English intonation, e.g. [1], [2], posit a crucial connection between pitch accent placement and the identification of prosodic structure, stating that every prosodic phrase must contain at least one pitch accent. We provide new evidence from the empirical study of prosodic phrasing in the post-nuclear domain to show that this view cannot be maintained. Our experimental study, based on the prosodic disambiguation of verb-particle vs. verb-preposition readings in the post-nuclear domain, revealed significant length based prosodic differences between the two readings. This argues that the post nuclear domain is divided into more than one prosodic phrase, the second of which doesn’t bear any pitch accent.

Within the larger rubric of language contact we will analyze in this chapter the two phenomena of lexical borrowing and codeswitching as represented in the languages of the CorpAfroAs database. After establishing a theoretical background concerning the difficult distinction between borrowing and codeswitching ( § 1), the study analyzes the semantic, phonological and morphological integration of lexical borrowings in different languages of the corpus ( § 2). The core of the paper ( § 3) focuses on the relation between morphosyntactic and prosodic constraints of codeswitching in CorpAfroAs. Finally, the study argues ( § 4) that, even though syntactic constituency admittedly tells us a great deal about the types of boundaries where speakers are likely to codeswitch, prosodic segmentation plays a pivotal role in the definition of codeswitching. Furthermore, we will show that variation in intonation contours provides a good litmus test for telling the two phenomena of borrowing and codeswitching apart.

The present volume continues the thematic series “Typology of morphosyntactic parameters”. Parametric description of grammatical systems is a priority field of research in linguistic typology and grammar theory. Grammar as the most regular component of linguistic structure provides the best opportunity in modeling universal characteristics of a human language on the basis of a limited number of factors. This volume is primarily dedicated to the interaction of grammar mechanisms and to interface phenomena — syntax-prosody interface, syntax-semantics interface, information structure-syntax interface. The volume presents two types of research articles: those discussing general characteristics of languages sharing the same combination of parameters and those investigating the interrelation of the universal and language-specific features in the grammar of a given language.
Настоящий выпуск продолжает серию тематических публикаций «Типология морфосинтаксических параметров». Параметрическое описание грамматических систем языков мира является приоритетным направлением лингвистической типологии и теории грамматики. Именно в области грамматики как самого регулярного компонента языка общие закономерности устройства языковой системы оказываются наиболее наглядными и поддающимися моделированию при помощи сравнительно небольшого количества факторов. Центральной темой выпуска является взаимодействие механизмов грамматики и проблема языковых интерфейсов — просодико-синтаксического, коммуникативно-синтаксического, семантико-грамматического. Представлены статьи двух типов — исследования, где на основе эксплицитного сопоставления материала большого числа языков устанавливаются общие признаки класса языков, соответствующих заданной комбинации параметров, и работы, где обсуждается соотношение универсального и лингвоспецифического компонентов в грамматике конкретных языков мира.

2) a. hünkarbeğendi-niz-dén pot roast lamb with eggplant puree-POSS2PL-ABL b. Kandílli Cadde-sin-den-dir Kandilli Street-SI-ABL-EVID (Slightly changed from Inkelas & Orgun 1998) A comparison between and shows that this behavior is not specific to compounds. (a) examples show regular final word stress which is transferrable, indicating that compounds of this sort are not treated any differently than words. (b)

Speech represents the native usage of language
and the speech mode shapes the entire
communicative life of individuals and
communities. Based on these premises, this
book aims to place spontaneous spoken texts
at the center of linguistic analysis to have a
more realistic and accurate idea of what a
language is as a whole.
The essays collected in this book are based on
rigorous qualitative and quantitative analysis
of different corpus-based and corpus-driven
data with diachronic, typological, sociolinguistic,
psycholinguistic, educational objectives and
integrate different points of views to understand
whether and to what extent speech features
affect the grammaticality of languages.
A complex framework emerges, which puts
forward new theoretical perspectives in many
areas of linguistics.

See the content of the collective monograph 'Clause Architecture in the Parametric Models: Syntax, Information Structure, Word Order' (Anton Zimmerling & Ekaterina Lyutikova, eds.), to be published 2016 in Russian, by the Publishing House LRC 'Languages of Russian Culture'.
The summary is below.

This collective monograph is prepared by a group of Russian linguists sharing the interest to typology, formal models of grammar and interface phenomena. The authors aim at establishing universal and language-specific mechanisms of communicative marking and information ordering. We implement methods of parametric typology and aim at explaining complex multi-layered phenomena in terms of feature combinations which set out both language-internal and cross-linguistic variation. The developed model of the communicative-syntactic interface is defined for an open class of world's languages which apply to word order alternations, shifting in accent markings and morphosyntactic marking as means of encoding information structure.
The focus of our research interest is in the interaction of formal syntax and information structure and on word order systems of scrambling languages which are described in terms of linear-accent transformations, i.e. rules which at once change linear position and communicative status/accent marking of sentence elements. Most authors share the derivational approach to word order systems and work out the hypothesis that some basic word order can be established for scrambling languages too. Within the derivational approach, word order alternations can be explained at the level of narrow syntax, s(yntactic)-structure, cf. Chapters 4, 13 and 15, as well as on the level of c-(ommunicative) structure, cf. Chapters 1, 3 and 7.
Parametrization of language diversity is a dynamic research field in the linguistics of late XX – XXI centuries. In this particular field, adepts of formal and functional frameworks have many shared research issues and the dialogue between different schools in linguistics can be fruitful. These considerations have shaped the methodological component of the present monograph. Syntactic and communicative phenomena of different world's languages are parametrized, which gives a chance to reveal basic principles underlying them and to understand their role in the integral models of the natural language. The book consists of three parts. Chapter 1 “Clause Architecture and Information Structure” (Ekaterina Lyutikova & Anton Zimmerling) sets the general perspective.
Part I is devoted to the interaction of grammatical and communicative mechanisms relevant for the clause architecture. Chapters 2 “Communicative Structure and Linear-Accent Transformations” (Elena Paducheva) and 3 “Linear-Accent Grammar and Thetic Sentences in Russian” (Anton Zimmerling) introduce the notion of linear-accent transformations (LA-transformations) and investigate the potential of LA-grammars for the analysis of Russian and comparable data. Chapter 4 “Low Left Periphery in Hittite: a Formal Analysis” (Andrey Sideltsev) aims at modeling the complex interactions of grammar-internal and communicative aspects of Hittite word order and clause architecture. Chapter 5 “A Multilevel Theory of Clause Combining:  Ossetic and Russian Revisited” (Oleg Belyaev), discusses the strategies of clause combined in Ossetic. Chapter 6 “Verbal Reprise in Irish” (Maria Shkapa) is devoted to one non-trivial communicative operation which becomes possible due to language-specific settings of the clause architecture.
Part II is devoted to issues in clitic studies. Chapter 7 “Clause structure, linear-accent transformations and clitics in Middle  Norwegian” (Anton Zimmerling) sets the issues of clitic ordering in a more general context of clause structure ordering. Chapters 8 “The Syntax of Dative clitics in South Slavic lnaguages” (Galina Petrova & Elena Ivanova) and 9 “Bulgarian clitics” (Elena Ivanova) solve the problems of parametric description of clitics and the interactions of clitic ordering with communicative structure on the basis of several South Slavic languages. Chapter 10 “On Russian endoclitics” (Peter Arkadiev) raises a hypothesis that Russian primary prepositions are endoclitics. Finally, chapter 11 “Impersonal Sentences with an Obligatory Pronominal Experiencer in Bulgarian” (Elena Ivanova) is devoted to a non-trivial interaction of grammar and prosody in Bulgarian, where the presence of clause-level clitics (i.e. a particular type of prosodic structure) is mapped to a particular type of sentence constructions. 
Part III includes chapters devoted to parametric modeling of the basic morphosyntactic mechanisms underlying clause structure — case and agreement. Chapter 12 “Case theory in the Perspective of Case Variation” (Ekaterina Lyutikova & Dilya Ibatullina) discusses mechanisms of case assignment and their parametrization with respect to the case source, agreement and mapping of syntactic and morphological case. The discussion of a non-trivial interaction between subject case marking and predicate agreement is continued in chapter 13 “(Non) agreement of participles and Two Constructions with Non-nominative Subjects in Lithuanian” (Peter Arkadiev). Chapter 14 “The Structural Position of the Direct Object and Information Structure: a view from Pechora dialect of Komi-Zyrian” (Natalia Serdobolskaya & Svetlana Toldova) discusses the interaction of grammatical, referential and communicative factors with the so called differential object marking. Chapter 15 “Syntactic and Semantic Typology of Genitives — the Genitive of Quality as a Locus of Adjectival Features, a View from Russian” (Pavel Graschenkov) is devoted to a non-trivial mapping of syntax and semantic interpretation in constructions with the genetive of quality; this mapping sheds light on their on the special status of this construction in the perspective of word order and branching conditions. Chapter 16 “Person Agreement in the Dargic Languages: an OT and LFG Analysis” (Oleg Belyaev) offers analysis of person agreement mechanisms in terms of two formal frameworks.

This paper provides an overview of the dialectal variation existing in the prosody of Clitic Left-and Clitic Right-Dislocations in Spanish from Spain, Peru, and Argentina. The results show that CLLDs typically create a prosodic unit of their own (both at the ip and IP level). Differences occur with respect to prosodic restructuring (only possible in Argentinian Spanish) and phrasing with preceding material (only possible in Peruvian). CLRDs also create a prosodic unit of their own (both at the ip and IP level). Differences occur with respect to accentedness (deac-cented short CLRDs in Spain, always accented in Peru) and type of edge tone (low in Spain, high in Peru). Our findings suggest that dialec-tal variation must be taken into account as a decisive factor involved in the variation of the pro-sodic realization of dislocations in Spanish.