HBIM Historic Building Information Modeling

A cidade de Poços de Caldas, especialmente a região central, possui inúmeras edificações institucionais tombadas e mais uma série de outras edificações com apelo histórico/cultural. Recentemente uma dessas edificações, o Sobrado Conde Prates, pegou fogo, danificando grande parte de sua estrutura. Com o intuito de promover a conscientização sobre a conservação do patrimônio histórico da cidade, esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de desenvolver um modelo BIM do Sobrado Conde Prates para fins de registro da memória do edifício. Essa pesquisa tem caráter exploratório, em que buscou-se elaborar um modelo BIM tendo em vista imagens históricas e o dossiê de tombamento completo, elaborado pelo CONDEPHACT, o qual oferece um referencial histórico importante, incluindo o detalhamento das plantas da edificação. Ao término do desenvolvimento de modelagem, o modelo foi carregado para um repositório de livre acesso, onde encontra-se disponível ao público. Esta iniciativa tem o potencial de estimular que o registro HBIM das demais edificações históricas da cidade, tombadas ou acauteladas, seja realizado de forma antecipada, preferencialmente, utilizando ferramentas de escaneamento a laser para apoiar a elaboração de modelos fiéis com o intuito de salvaguardar o patrimônio histórico da cidade.

At present, the information about historical buildings is represented as a collection of documents from various sources, elaborated by different professionals. Thus, the inclusion of the HBIM methodology is proposed with the fundamental objectives of streamlining and automating the manipulation of information, facilitating the analysis of complex buildings. This article shows the contributions of the HBIM methodology to the elaboration of the hypothesis of constructive historical phases of the Church of San Lorenzo in Valencia. The working method applied was the proposal of an action model applied to the building, which has its origin in the medieval period and has undergone various transformations throughout its history.

Preventive strategies for the conservation of heritage sites have gradually been preferred to curative approaches because of their ability to maintain their significance. Furthermore, most experts now agree that conservation management of heritage places based on a common understanding of their cultural values is essential to address all the particularities of their contexts. Recently, significant research has demonstrated the potential of Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) for the collaborative data management in conjunction with conservation projects. The recent development of HBIM web platforms illustrates the value of strengthening the link between the digital model and the physical realm of heritage assets. This paper advocates the application of Digital Twin’s (DT) principles, using HBIM models as a digital replica, to support the preventive conservation of heritage places. Based on an extensive literature review, a comprehensive framework that integrates the DT in...

The documentation of heritage buildings is the preliminary action to deal with any problem related to the built heritage. The procedure of documentation requires a very diverse range of data (quantitative and qualitative) to be obtained and investigated in order to produce an accurate digital representation of the building. This type of work of data capture and interpretation is often conducted in isolation by different stakeholders and for a range of purposes, leading to a lack of communication between different data types, repeated effort and incomplete documentation. Heritage Building Information Modelling (H-BIM) is set to play a key role in the digital documentation of heritage buildings, as it can combine quantitative and qualitative data and facilitate the integration of different stakeholders and specialised data into the digital management of the different phases of dealing with heritage buildings. This paper aims to review the multitude of data types that could be included in the documentation and investigation process of the built heritage, in order to assess the breadth and depth by which heritage buildings can be documented. Four main categories that span the whole documentation data areas are being suggested which vary from outer geometry surveys, to subsurface materials and structural integrity investigations, to data concerning the building performance, as well as the historic records concerning the building's morphology over time, which can help to create a more in-depth knowledge about the heritage building's status and performance and can create a solid base for any required restoration and retrofitting processes (Khalil and Stravoravdis 2019a).

During preliminary phases of conservation projects, a considerable amount of heterogeneous datasets are produced, gathered, analysed and interpreted. Abundant researches have gradually proven that Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) is a relevant alternative for the collaborative management of information related to existing structures. Apart from the obvious benefits of HBIM for information exchange among stakeholders during conservation project, the potential of such processes to support preservation strategies should not be neglected. Moreover, the recent developments of HBIM web-interfaces illustrate the need for additional investigation in strengthening the relationships between the digital model and the real-world to better support preventive conservation of heritage places. Besides, values-based approaches for the elaboration of conservation strategies have been gradually adopted in the last decades, both in academic and professional sector. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive methodology to structure and integrate the cultural significance of tangible and intangible elements into HBIM models to be further taken into account in the analysis and simulation of data. This article suggests the application of Digital Twin (DT) principles to support site managers in the preventive conservation of their assets. Based on the analysis and simulations of data captured by onsite sensors, threats to the site integrity and corresponding preventive solution can be predicted in the DT environment. The integration and structuration of Heritage Values in HBIM models allow further evaluation process to estimate the impact of each suggested interventions on the conservation of features of significance.

This article illustrates a data acquisition methodological process based on Structure from Motion (SfM) processing confronted with terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and integrated into a Historic Building Information Model (HBIM) for architectural Heritage's management. This process was developed for the documentation of Cáceres' Almohad wall bordering areas, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The case study's aim was the analysis, management and control of a large urban area where the urban growth had absorbed the wall, making it physically inaccessible. The methodology applied was the combination of: clouds and meshes obtained by SfM; with images acquired from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Single Lens Reflex (SLR) and terrestrial photogrammetry; and finally, with clouds obtained by TLS. The outcome was a smart-high-quality three-dimensional study model of the inaccessible urban area. The final result was twofold. On one side, there was a methodological result, a low cost and accurate smart work procedure to obtain a three-dimensional parametric HBIM model that integrates models obtained by remote sensing. On the other side, a patrimonial result involved the discovery of a XII century wall's section, that had supposedly been lost, that was hidden among the residential buildings. The article covers the survey campaign carried out by the research team and the techniques applied.

The theory of using Building Information Modelling “BIM” has been used in several Heritage places in the worldwide, in the case of
conserving, documenting, managing, and creating full engineering drawings and information. However, one of the most serious
issues that facing many experts in order to use the Historical Building Information Modelling “HBIM”, is creating the complicated
architectural elements of these Historical buildings. In fact, many of these outstanding architectural elements have been designed and
created in the site to fit the exact location. Similarly, this issue has been faced the experts in Old Jeddah in order to use the BIM
method for Old Jeddah historical Building. Moreover, The Saudi Arabian City has a long history as it contains large number of
historic houses and buildings that were built since the 16th century. Furthermore, the BIM model of the historical building in Old
Jeddah always take a lot of time, due to the unique of Hijazi architectural elements and no such elements library, which have been
took a lot of time to be modelled. This paper will focus on building the Hijazi architectural elements library based on laser scanner
and image survey data. This solution will reduce the time to complete the HBIM model and offering in depth and rich digital
architectural elements library to be used in any heritage projects in Al-Balad district, Jeddah City.

Lina Bo Bardi’s Glass House (Casa de Vidro) is a National Historic Landmark designed and built in the late 1940s in São Paulo, Brazil. The house is one of the symbols of modern Brazilian mid-century architecture. It is a historiographical reference of the history of modern architecture in Brazil. This article reports the experience, outcomes, challenges, benefits, and limitations of the Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) process. The HBIM was developed for Lina’s Glass House considering the following steps: modeling planning; data acquisition; model elaboration; recording of pathologies and damage; data management; documentation process. The HBIM developed includes historical information and geometric data from direct measurements, laser scanning, photographic survey, and pathologies documentation. The model allows professionals responsible for architecture, conservation, and restoration to access integrated information on projects and the current condition of the buildings easily and quickly. Good precision was achieved for important building elements, contributing to maintenance and restoration actions. This experience allowed the development of an integrated workflow of activities for collecting, processing, recording, and managing information that may serve as a baseline for future projects for the documentation of modernist buildings.

Introduzione Il contributo definisce e sintetizza gli obiettivi di analisi e ricerca relativi al Dottorato DAAM XXXIII ciclo, dal titolo "La metodologia BIM (Building Information Modelling) per l'acquisizione, l'elaborazione e l'integrazione di dati di rilievo per lo studio, la conservazione e la valorizzazione del costruito storico-archeologico" 1. La tematica del progetto si pone l'obiettivo di sviluppare un protocollo metodologico per la realizzazione di modelli 3D per i beni archeologici nelle aree geo-culturali di competenza del Dottorato Asia Africa e Mediterraneo, esaminando le forme di trattamento e gestione dell'informazione e la redazione di un metodo di conoscenza in grado di integrare attività multidisciplinari quali il rilievo, la documentazione, la valorizzazione e la fruizione di un bene archeologico e culturale. A partire dagli anni '70 del secolo scorso, con l'elaborazione dei primi applicativi digitali per il disegno architettonico tridimensionale, il Building Information Modelling (BIM), comincia ad essere introdotto concettualmente nel dibattito scientifico, e successivamente a profilarsi come realtà concreta. Ad oggi, questa viene considerata a buon titolo l'ultima frontiera in materia di progettazione, gestione e manutenzione digitale del costruito architettonico. Il BIM si appresta a divenire applicazione imprescindibile non solo per la progettazione di beni di edifici, ma anche per la conservazione, il recupero, la riqualificazione e la manutenzione delle unità architettoniche storiche. Quando si fa riferimento al BIM si intende identificare non l'applicazione tout court di una tecnologia informatica, ma lo sviluppo di un sistema operativo che parta dalla modellazione digitale parametrica degli oggetti che compongono un bene architettonico, ed a questi correli la propria relativa informazione struttiva, geografica e cronologica; nell'ambito del sistema BIM è possibile controllare l'intero ciclo di vita di un edificio, dalla fase di progettazione a quella di manutenzione. La rivoluzione apportata dai sistemi BIM-oriented in Italia ha trovato terreno fertile soprattutto in materia di gestione, salvaguardia e valorizzazione del Patrimonio Culturale, laddove alla possibilità di costruire ex-novo, si accompagna la necessità di preservare e valorizzare l'esistente. Profilando un nuovo modo di guardare alla salvaguardia del costruito storico architettonico, il sistema Heritage o Historical BIM (H-BIM), teorizzato in ambiente anglosassone nei primi anni 2000, viene introdotto in Italia anche nell'ambito del dibattito archeologico, nell'ottica di definire un nuovo modus operandi. L'unità edilizia archeologica all'interno dei sistemi BIM si presta a nuove frontiere di comprensione ed analisi critica, che vanno dallo studio delle tecniche edilizie e dei materiali, alla lettura delle trasformazioni spaziali e temporali, fino alla pianificazione, studiata sul bene, delle attività di restauro e manutenzione. Il BIM, inteso come sistema di exchange data e knowledge sharing, trova molteplici campi di applicazione in ambito archeologico, tanti quanto gli spunti di riflessione relativi alla metodologia di indagine da applicare; un sistema nato per la gestione di beni architettonici esistenti e contemporanei presenta numerosi limiti e criticità nell'applicazione al bene archeologico. Nell'ottica di evidenziare prospettive e limiti di un innovativo sistema di ricerca in ambito archeologico, si pone l'attività di ricerca del Dottorato Innovativo a Caratterizzazione Industriale. Il corso dottorale si articola, nell'arco del triennio, in una fase di formazione ed acquisizione delle tecniche basilari dell'implementazione della tecnologia BIM svolta presso il CISA (Centro

En este documento se desarrolla un caso práctico usando el puente de
Alcántara para implementar un modelo H-BIM aplicado al sistema de gestión de puentes, donde se introduce el inventariado e inspección básica.
Se indican de manera aplicada los procesos recomendados para la generación de proyectos H-BIM en puentes históricos de fábrica. Como apoyo al lector se desarrollan conceptos básicos en: la metodología BIM, significado de BIM, implicación social de BIM, historia de BIM, estándares BIM, H-BIM, Infra-BIM, implantación de BIM en México y España, BIM para la conservación y mantenimiento, puentes de fábrica, sistema de gestión de puentes, reality capture, recopilación histórica del puente Alcántara y propuesta de nomenclatura de elementos es tructurales de un puente de fábrica y patologías.

The register of a cultural asset has the purpose of maintaining its image and its history, with a view to its preservation. In Brazil, most of the assets of historic value have not yet been properly documented. Due to the absence of a system of cadaster and management of the architectural heritage that uses the digital technologies properly, this study discusses the use of the Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) concept, in order to make the documentation more precise and complete, the management of assets more efficient and the preservation of architectural heritage more effective. Extension of BIM (Building Information Modeling), technology used for modeling and managing the information inherent to the design, construction and maintenance of buildings, HBIM aims at the documentation, operation and conservation of historic buildings. The methodological resources used to operate this work were: bibliographic review; documentary research at the central and regional offices of the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN) and at the Prefeitura Municipal de Serro; interviews; training in digital technologies and an experiment. The bibliographic review dealt with the themes of architectural documentation, level of detail, preservation of cultural heritage and digital techniques for representation and management of real estate, specifically BIM and HBIM. The experiment consisted of the following steps: (1) survey of the Church of Bom Jesus de Matozinhos by laser scanning, (2) definition of the level of detail desired for the Bom Jesus de Matozinhos church model, (3) geometric modeling of Church of Bom Jesus de Matozinhos, (4) register of all the information collected for the Church of Bom Jesus do Matozinhos in IPHAN’s Sistema Integrado de Conhecimento e Gestão (SICG), seeking to identify in which fields an automatic integration with the created HBIM model would be possible, (5) definition of what information should be incorporated into the HBIM model, so that it could be useful throughout the life cycle of the building and base the analysis and conservation of the object it represents, (6) incorporation of attributes to the generated geometric model, (7) integration of the HBIM model to the SICG. The results achieved demonstrated the potential of HBIM in relation to the proposed objectives.

Actual technologies are changing Cultural Heritage research, analysis, conservation and development ways, allowing new innovative approaches. The possibility of integrating Cultural Heritage data, like archaeological information, inside a three-dimensional environment system (like a Building Information Modelling) involve huge benefits for its management, monitoring and valorisation. Nowadays there are many commercial BIM solutions. However, these tools are thought and developed mostly for architecture design or technical installations. An example of better solution could be a dynamic and open platform that might consider Cultural Heritage needs as priority. Suitable solution for better and complete data usability and accessibility could be guaranteed by open source protocols. This choice would allow adapting software to Cultural Heritage needs and not the opposite, thus avoiding methodological stretches. This work will focus exactly on analysis and experimentations about specific characteristics of these kind of open source software (DBMS, CAD, Servers) applied to a Cultural Heritage example, in order to verifying their flexibility, reliability and then creating a dynamic HBIM open source prototype. Indeed, it might be a starting point for a future creation of a complete HBIM open source solution that we could adapt to others Cultural Heritage researches and analysis.

The HBIM of the Basilica di Collemaggio in L'Aquila is part of the restoration project of the building seriously damaged by the
earthquake in 2009. The project "Ripartire da Collemaggio", funded by ENIservizi, involves an interdisciplinary group called to work together toward a common goal: the need of security of the structures and the need of conservation of the architectonic value of the Basilica. Starting from the photogrammetric and laser scanning survey, interpretation and modelling were needed to create a detailed HBIM to manage the phases of analysis, simulation of structural behavior, economic evaluation of the project, and final restoration. This paper described the generation of the HBIM and its use in the on-going restoration project with a particular attention to the procedures used to preserve the complexity given by photogrammetric and laser scanning data.

Architectural heritage conservation projects are one of the most risky and complex projects in the construction industry. Many studies have reported frequent performance failures in terms of time, cost and quality. To implement a quality management in the conservation projects and enhance their performance; we propose the adoption of two emerging and innovative approaches: Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and Building Information Modeling (BIM). Through an analysis of literature review (journals, white papers, norms and standards) on the subject, a comprehensive qualitative study in theoretical term has been carried out to define the potential advantages of the synergy between the BIM and IPD to face conservation issues and constraints through project lifecycle. Finally, we draw some general conclusions, summarize the implications for practice and set out recommendations for further research.

The ability of managing big amounts of metric information coming from a LiDAR survey and the ability to reproduce high quality 3D models from them are still vivid problems to solve. Is it possible to create detailed models, geometrically and metrically correct, without using a large amount (often redundant) of metric data, such as massive point clouds? Obviously yes, but there are several ways to create a fitting 3D model for a specific research. A good solution is given by NURBS based algorithms that ensure high details of modelling. However, NURBS models can't be used directly on BIM platforms, because they need to be parametrized. In this sense, a parametric model is based on real measurements but each object could be interpreted and approximated based on objective and subjective (critic) view and also based on LODs (levels of detail or development) concerning a particular analysis. This kind of modelling of Cultural Heritage assets, fundamental for HBIM creation, need to be correctly planned especially for classification and definition of its historical features connected to an informative system, because nowadays information and then the semantic dimension are a necessary key points towards documentation analysis. Established this brief introduction, this schematic work will focus on the analysis of FreeCAD open BIM software and Rhinoceros as NURBS 3D modeller for Cultural Heritage is concerned, and whether and how they could integrate their tools for the purpose of managing dynamic high detailed data for the creation of an HBIM platform.

The article concerns the implementation of the HBIM approach (Historic Building Information Model-ing) for the refurbishment and preservation of historic buildings. The scientific and technical community confirmed the efficacy of BIM tools for knowledge managing and sharing, still noting a limited research of Building Conditions Assessment in HBIM. Starting with observed criticalities and potentialities, we propose a method for sharing and re-using information acquired through archival analysis, damage survey and diagnostic investigation. Therefore, we formalize the information requirements as input in BIM model and sharing modes for project and construction management. 1 INTRODUCTION The coherent and effective refurbishment of historic buildings outcomes from the solid knowledge as acquired during the diagnostic phase. The handover of the information still happens in form of papers or files among professionals, and generally, the interpretation of data, for diagnosis and Building Conditions Assessment (BCA), occurs as independent activity without an organized discussion between stakeholders. The complete integration of parties involved (data and actors) needs the configuration of lean workflows for exchanging structured data via automatic steps, enhancing the interoperability between applications. When planning structural consolidation, decisions stand on the assessment of structural safety in order to implement risk reduction strategies. Indeed, energy retrofits require diagnosis of residual thermal performance of building envelopes and mechanical devices. This assessing phase of refurbishment project develops in different steps; the preliminary ones consist in the creation of a knowledge framework based on geometric surveys, analysis of material/ construction techniques and typological studies conducted from historical and photographic records, archival documentation and prior drawings. Simultaneously, a more specific diagnosis about materials/constructive characterization and damage and risk conditions is executed via traditional and augmented visual inspection, assisted by laboratory and in situ tests. The 3D laser scanning and photogrammetry might work as innovative techniques for augmented visual inspection, improved by the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), and for acquiring dense and accurate points clouds and digital images with high resolution from which generate 3D models [1, 2]. The execution of diagnostic tests consolidates or refutes formulated hypothesis about building conditions [3, 4]. For instance, the comparison of GPR and Infrared Radiation (IR) thermography results assists the recognition of constructive techniques and actual conservation of structural elements. Nevertheless, the difficulties in collating independent analysis – carried out by different members of the team project and derived from several sources – return challenging comparison of diverse data, with negative effects on planning refurbishment interventions. These issues rise when the historic artefact has structural multi-wythe masonry walls, made from different materials, and the historic building underwent several restoration

This work outlines a new approach for the integration of 3D Building Information Modelling and the 3D Geographic Information
System (GIS) to provide semantically rich models, and to get the benefits from both systems to help document and analyse cultural
heritage sites. Our proposed framework is based on the Jeddah Historical Building Information Modelling process (JHBIM). This
JHBIM consists of a Hijazi Architectural Objects Library (HAOL) that supports higher level of details (LoD) while decreasing the
time of modelling. The Hijazi Architectural Objects Library has been modelled based on the Islamic historical manuscripts and
Hijazi architectural pattern books. Moreover, the HAOL is implemented using BIM software called Autodesk Revit. However, it is
known that this BIM environment still has some limitations with the non-standard architectural objects. Hence, we propose to
integrate the developed 3D JHBIM with 3D GIS for more advanced analysis. To do so, the JHBIM database is exported and
semantically enriched with non-architectural information that is necessary for restoration and preservation of historical monuments.
After that, this database is integrated with the 3D Model in the 3D GIS solution. At the end of this paper, we’ll illustrate our
proposed framework by applying it to a Historical Building called Nasif Historical House in Jeddah. First of all, this building is
scanned by the use of a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and Close Range Photogrammetry. Then, the 3D JHBIM based on the
HOAL is designed on Revit Platform. Finally, this model is integrated to a 3D GIS solution through Autodesk InfraWorks. The
shown analysis presented in this research highlights the importance of such integration especially for operational decisions and
sharing the historical knowledge about Jeddah Historical City. Furthermore, one of the historical buildings in Old Jeddah, Nasif
Historical House, was chosen as a test case for the project.

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Mesmo com a introdução das tecnologias digitais no campo do patrimônio construído, os esforços foram direcionados em representar as formas de maneira similar à real, porém pouco ainda se pesquisou sobre a representação do conhecimento e informações do patrimônio histórico. O HBIM (Historic Building Information Modeling), conceito BIM aplicado para edificações históricas, tem finalidade de documentá-las e analisá-las, além de possibilitar consulta de informações na manutenção e operação. O objetivo deste artigo é, através pesquisa bibliográfica, esclarecer conceitos e características sobre documentação do patrimônio cultural brasileiro, HBIM e levantamento cadastral. Nota-se uma clara possibilidade de intercessão entre a lacuna metodológica da documentação do patrimônio cultural brasileiro e as tecnologias contemporâneas de captura e representação de informações.

Featured Application: For optimizing the conservation planning and considerations for efficient refurbishment of early twentieth century public Buildings in the UK. Abstract: Awareness of the logic and context of original (and subsequent) design priorities is critical to informing decisions relating to valorisation, repair, refurbishment, energy retrofit or re-use of built heritage. A key benefit of collating data through Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) should be to assist others facing similar challenges. Here, examples for sharing understanding of how components belong to a system are outlined in the context of a newly completed dataset of public library buildings in the UK funded by Andrew Carnegie, predominantly built between 1900 and 1914. Demands for the functionality and economy of public library buildings, coupled with the emergent standardisation of building components at the time, provide a specific condition with potential for further iteration to other buildings of the period or related typologies. The work highlights the urgency of providing cost-efficient knowledge sharing structures in an era of altered priorities with respect to energy use for modern heritage. We propose the means for mapping common features to network knowledge amongst stakeholders through relevant open source pathways. The results demonstrate that integrating geographic approaches to knowledge sharing in HBIM with environmental considerations also supports wider questions of risk management related to the stewardship of historic buildings in the context of climate change.

The use of steel technologies in Italian architecture still represents an unexplored field of research, characterised by limited and
fragmented episodes that reveal important design experimentations and relevant architectural results of the 20th century. For this
reason, the aim of the research consists of defining a HBIM methodological approach addressed to the study of modern steel
architectures, considering their specific features and their hybrid constructive nature. Indeed these buildings are often characterized
by a high level of industrial production of building components merged with the recovery of a craftsmanship tradition, particularly
appearing at the scale of structure and envelope details. The balance between standardization and traditional techniques in production
processes, leads to the definition of a HBIM method composed of three steps: an operational tools for existing buildings of 20th
century made of steel that could support the construction of building digital archives, the organisation of maintenance programs and
possible transformative actions, avoiding the loss of this heritage sometimes caused by bad interventions that deeply change original
and valuable features of these architectures

The knowledge must be able to be stored, processed and analyzed on a common support that allows to contain all the available materials of a heritage element. One of the main problems of the inventory of architectural heritage is managing and storing large amounts of information in different formats. That is why for the complete documentation of the heritage and to have exhaustive and useful inventories for all the contemplated uses, the HBIM models provide all the required functionalities. The solution involves the development of a geometric model that allows including and relating information related to it. The format is an HBIM model capable of incorporating information on a stratified support, with visualization, documentation and management capabilities that allow a complete vision of the building to be catalogued, incorporating useful information for its conservation, restoration, protection and dissemination, as well as interoperability between tools and other systems throughout the entire life cycle of the object. The purpose is to study the different existing options, to assess which is the most appropriate method to create a graphic database, which allows the inventory of architectural heritage.

A etapa de Diagnóstico do estado de conservação de edificações históricas tem papel fundamental para o desenvolvimento do Projeto de Intervenção para o Patrimônio Cultural Construído. É nessa fase que é realizado o mapeamento das manifestações patológicas da construção que, posteriormente, são documentadas através do Mapa de Danos. O Mapa de Danos colabora significativamente para a compreensão das causas dos danos, assim como indica as ações corretivas para a restauração da construção. No entanto, sua utilização tem sido frequentemente simplificada a uma representação gráfica bidimensional. Em contrapartida, as ferramentas para o desenvolvimento de modelos HBIM apresentam-se como recursos em potencial para aprimorar os processos de documentação dos danos dessas edificações. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise quantitativa das pesquisas que associam patologias das edificações históricas com HBIM. Para isso, foi realizada uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura, nas principais bases de dados nacionais e internacionais. Os resultados mostraram que o número escasso de publicações nessa área, indica um campo do conhecimento ainda pouco explorado. Além disso, identificou-se uma concentração dessas pesquisas na Itália, mais especificamente na universidade Politecnico di Milano. Espera-se com esse artigo, agregar discussões sobre essa temática no Brasil para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas nacionais.

ABSTRACT The Diagnostic stage of the conservation status of historic buildings plays a fundamental role in the development of the Intervention's Design for the Built Cultural Heritage. It is at this stage that the mapping of the building pathological manifestation is carried out and subsequently documented through the Damage Map. The Damage Map contributes significantly to understanding the causes of damage as well as indicating corrective actions for building restoration. However, its use has often been simplified to a two-dimensional graphical representation. In contrast, HBIM model development tools are potential resources for improving damage documentation processes for these buildings. Thus, the aim of this paper is to present a quantitative analysis of the researches that associate pathologies of historical buildings with HBIM. Therefore, a Systematic Literature Review was performed in the main national and international databases. The results showed that the scarce number of publications in this area indicates a field of knowledge still little explored. Furthermore, a concentration of this research was identified in Italy, more specifically at the University Politecnico di Milano. This article is expected to add discussions on this theme in Brazil for the development of national researches.

The adoption of intelligent virtual environments, or Building Information Modelling (BIM), by the Architectural, Engineering, Construction, Operations (AECO) industry continues to gather momentum. Much of this development has been based on the creation of new buildings. The adoption of BIM in this context has proven quite successful as the application of these innovative technologies and processes has resulted in quantifiable savings. BIM has allowed the construction sector to fully explore and simulate a building’s design, assembly and performance, prior to construction commencing. A similar approach to our historic building stock has not yet begun. Research in this area is evolving and there is an opportunity for the heritage sector to engage with this ever developing computer science. At present, the practice and implementation of computer simulation to existing buildings of historic interest has largely been shunned by the architectural conservation community. Through the exploration of virtual environments, our existing knowledge base can be greatly enhanced. This paper discusses the findings of an on-going collaborative project where samples of buildings in Historic Waterford were recreated in a virtual environment. To assess the capabilities of a BIM methodology a sample of building typologies was selected. Case Study A is Christ Church Cathedral, designed by renowned Georgian architect John Roberts and dates back to the 18th century, whilst Case Study B is an 18th century dwelling that contains a 15th century structure in parts. As the models are constructed as intelligent models they have been assembled with various levels of meta-data applied that has allowed for further interrogation by processing through a series of simulation programmes to establish technical performance data relating to the fabric of the buildings. The paper than concludes with a brief outline of the future direction regarding this on-going project.

Heritage buildings are crucial to the human perception of culture. Sustainable retrofitting of such buildings represents an opportunity for their reuse while considering sustainability. HBIM tools (Historic building Information Modeling) can be used as a comprehensive data set of information, related particularly to the restoration of buildings. The aim of this paper is to integrate HBIM tools in the application of sustainable retrofitting of heritage buildings through a conservation framework. The paper provides a literature review and a qualitative analysis of worldwide examples. Findings of this paper provide useful framework for sustainable retrofitting of heritage buildings in the Egyptian context.

Restorative and conservative operations of Cultural Heritage buildings involve the historical and objective knowledge of the context. Meaning the knowledge as a diachronic awareness of the history of buildings should help the safeguarding processes of heritage assets. The integration of historical information inside a HBIM platform involves huge benefits for the Cultural Heritage case management, its periodical monitoring operations and valorisation processes, moreover the historical evolution is correctly considered. This solution allows to maximize the comprehension and also communication of the analysed context through few simple steps as visualize, read and query in order to ensure the accuracy and quality of final data (Diara et al, 2018). This new court of methodologic cooperation will be tested on the case study of the medieval Abbey of Staffarda (CN, Italy) and its refectory in a deeper way where, thanks to recent studies, it has been possible to reconstruct analysis map for a complete vision of the church and the Abbey's complex as well (Beltramo et al, 2019).

Howest Brugge – Applied Architecture & PXL Diepenbeek – PXL Tech Technology Transfer: Implementation of LEAN planning and LEAN building in the building industry, enhanced by BIM.

Failure costs in the building industry-estimated between 8 and 13%-are often still treated wrongly as inevitable or uncontrollable losses. Multiple economic crises in recent years and the pressure on the industries margins render this approach obsolete. This research project is aimed at developing methods for reducing failure costs in the building process by introducing known LEAN techniques, enhanced by BIM, with a positive impact on profit margins. Neighbouring countries, such as the Netherlands, have been using LEAN techniques in the building industries for some years now. Belgium however needs to step up, and that is exactly what this research project is meant for… We will focus on 3 user groups within the target audience of SME's.
The final research report will combine and transfer LEAN and BIM knowledge. Raising awareness and spreading knowledge about LEAN & BIM implementation are incorporated in the research process.

El patrimonio histórico construido presenta características singulares que lo diferencian radicalmente de la arquitectura contemporánea de nueva planta. La arquitectura histórica no se puede entender como un elemento único, es el resultado de una larga serie de transformaciones.

Estas características hacen necesaria una adaptación de la metodología BIM para tratar adecuadamente los edificios históricos.



El GT de BIM para Patrimonio Cultural, llamado LEGEND - HBIM tiene los siguientes objetivos:

Generar especificaciones documentales y guías de uso.

Promover seminarios o cursos para difundir el uso de esta metodología y la tecnología asociada en el sector de la restauración y la rehabilitación.

En el año 2018, en el marco del Grupo de Trabajo se ha desarrollado la Guía de BIM aplicado al Patrimonio Cultural, en el que han participado de forma desinteresada 40 profesionales independientes.

In 2011, Public Works and Government Services Canada (PWGSC) embarked on a comprehensive rehabilitation of the historically significant West Block of Canada's Parliament Hill. With over 17 thousand square meters of floor space, the West Block is one of the largest projects of its kind in the world. As part of the rehabilitation, PWGSC is working with the Carleton Immersive Media Studio (CIMS) to develop a building information model (BIM) that can serve as maintenance and life-cycle management tool once construction is completed. The scale and complexity of the model have presented many challenges. One of these challenges is determining appropriate levels of detail (LoD). While still a matter of debate in the development of international BIM standards, LoD is further complicated in the context of heritage buildings because we must reconcile the LoD of the BIM with that used in the documentation process (terrestrial laser scan and photogrammetric survey data). In this paper, we will discuss our work to date on establishing appropriate LoD within the West Block BIM that will best serve the end use. To facilitate this, we have developed a single parametric model for gothic pointed arches that can be used for over seventy-five unique window types present in the West Block. Using the AEC (CAN) BIM as a reference, we have developed a workflow to test each of these window types at three distinct levels of detail. We have found that the parametric Gothic arch significantly reduces the amount of time necessary to develop scenarios to test appropriate LoD.

This article outlines a new semi-automatic approach for generating accurate BIM facade models for existing buildings from laser and image data. Two new developments for as-built BIM modelling are presented in this article. The first is a new library of reusable parametric objects designed for modelling classical architectural elements from survey data. These library objects are dynamic and have parameters that can instantly alter the shape, size and other properties of objects. The parametric architectural objects have been designed from historic manuscripts and architectural pattern books. These parametric objects were built using an embedded programming language within the ArchiCAD BIM software called Geometric Description Language (GDL). The second development which is described in more detail in this article is a complete parametric building façade. This parametric building facade can be used as a template for fast and efficient generation of BIM facade geometry. The design of this parametric façade incorporates concepts from procedural modelling which is an automated approach to generating 3D geometries based on rules and algorithms. Parametric architectural objects are automatically combined with rules to generate many different façade arrangements which are controlled by user parameters. When automatically generating a façade, the initial position and size of elements are estimated using classical architectural proportions. Object can then be graphically edited individually or in groups to match the computer generated geometry to survey data. The parametric façade template has also been implemented with the Geometric Description Language for ArchiCAD BIM software. This enables the tools developed to utilise the full benefits of BIM software which includes automated construction or conservation documents, semantic object oriented objects based on IFC semantic classes, automatic lists of objects and material and the ability to add and link additional information to the model. Initial user tests have indicated that the parametric façade is more efficient than previous methods for creating accurate façade models from survey data. The façade template also provides an easier solution for generating façade models when compared to existing methods. Non-specialist users with little experience in 3D modelling can easily generate and modify the façade template by altering parameters graphically or from a dialogue box.

In recent years, Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) methodology has strengthened the documentation and interpretation of archaeological contexts and is regarded as a breakthrough in relation to established methodologies and analyses. Change is also taking place regarding web and cloud-based solutions, and this work acknowledges the importance of cloud-based and web HBIM solutions applied to Cultural Heritage assets and archaeology. More than ever, online platforms are becoming useful services to ease data exchange and validation between collaborators and stakeholders, establishing multidisciplinary approaches. Despite the presence of different cloud-based platforms, Heritage asset documentation can hardly be managed by environments or software developed for architecture and construction design. For this reason, this project is strongly founded on four pillars: online documentation, collaboration, communication and accessibility. Cognisant of these needs, the paper is aimed at the development of a custom HBIM cloud platform for archaeology, on the basis of the BIMData open-source online environment. This platform, called ARK-BIM, can be considered a modular solution leaning on HTML, JavaScript, VueJS, XEOKIT and open-source languages.