Greek colonies

The book attempts to present –for the first time in the international bibliography– a detailed description of the historical life of Abydos (Άβυδος) of Hellespont (Ελλήσποντος, Δαρδανέλλια); the latter was an important ancient and medieval Greek city, situated on the Asiatic shore of Dardanelles, at the once narrowest part of the local Straits (usually named "Stenon of Abydos") and in the surrounding area of the promontory of Nara (an Ottoman and modern Turkish naval base, where free access is prohibited). The monograph also detects the  relations between Abydos and other known settlements in the wider region of northwestern Asia Minor (Troad, Hellespont, Mysia, Hellespontine Phrygia).

Αbydos was founded predominantly as a colony of Miletus (ca. 680-650 BC) and had a continuous historical life that lasted about 2.000 years (mid. 7th c. BC - early 14th c. AD). The prosperous ancient city minted various coins between 6th c. BC - 3rd c. AD. Its lively port was used for centuries as a key point for the passage from Europe to Asia and the cruise from the Mediterranean to the Black Sea (and vice versa) as well as a major customs station ("telonion Abydou" during the Roman imperial years, "demosion teloneion" or "kommerkion" or "dekateuterion Abydou" during the medieval period of the city). Byzantine Abydos was also an important administrative center, a military and naval base and an ecclesiastical seat (bishopric and later metropolis).

However, the long and turbulent history of Abydos and its region is virtually unknown in modern years, despite the fact that the city's reputation was particularly widespread during ancient and medieval times in the Mediterranean world. Moreover, for many reasons noted in the book, the settlement does not exist archaeologically in the last two centuries. In short, Abydos constitutes a very interesting case of a virtually lost city during the modern times.

For various reasons, also described in the book, the importance of Abydos had declined during the 13th c. AD and the city was finally abandoned by its population in the early 14th c. AD., mainly because of the Turkish threat in the area. From mid. 15th c. AD the new city of Çanakkale was established gradually (initially named as Kale-i Sultaniye) 5-6 km to the south of Abydos. The ruins of the abandoned urban area of ​​the latter have been systematically pillaged -mainly for construction and other purposes- between the 14th - early 19th c. AD.

For the reconstruction of  the long historical life of Abydos (mid. 7th c. BC - early 14th c. AD) and an in-depth analysis of its numerous and largely unknown institutions, the study relies though on the information providing by the written (ancient and medieval) texts but also on the scarce and dispersed epigraphic and the much richer numismatic (the city minted coins between 6th c. BC - 3rd c. AD) and sigillographic data and other archaeological findings regarding (or deriving from) the city. It also takes into account all the contemporary related publications.

[VANIAS publications,  Thessaloniki 2017,  752 pages,  ISBN: 978-960-288-342-6,  text in Greek language with an English summary]

The cavalry formed a large part of the Odrysian army and this article describes their tactics, weapons, apparel, armour, and equipment, based on the latest archaeological discoveries.  It is fully illustrated, including (for the first time) colour reconstructions of the Kazanluk tomb paintings.  The article illustrates the transition from classical to hellenistic equipment, tactics, and appearance.

"Monograph on the Greek Kingdom of Bactria (sources, archaeology, history, fortune)

Reviews:

in English, http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2010/2010-10-33.html

in Italian, http://histara.sorbonne.fr/cr.php?cr=1020&lang=fr

in French, F. Lefevre, Revue des études grecques, 124 (2011), 154-155."

Genesis and history of Greek colonies in Western Georgia are discussed in the book. Status of the colonies - whether they were poleis or emporia - is addressed in details. Some aspect less covered before in historiography are also discussed.
Book is intended for scientific society as well as for the wider audience

The article is dedicated to isolated fragments of painted Late Geometric and Archaic vases, discovered in the valley of the middle reaches of Maritsa (Hebros) and Tundzha (Tonzos) rivers. In result of the Neutron Activation Analysis, applied to a series of imports from Drama-Kajryaka sanctuary, reliable data were obtained regarding  their origin and date of manufacture. One fragment (fig.1.1.) was proven to belong to Provenance group B (bird bowl workshops) that was manufactured in North Ionian centers in Asia Minor (probably Teos and Klazomenai) in the second half of the 8th and the first half of the 6th c. BC. Another fragment (fig. 1.4.) has certain similarities to Provenance group F that was also manufactured in North Ionian centers in Asia Minor (most probably in Old Smyrna) in late 7th and the firs half of the 6th c. BC. Two more fragments (fir.1.2-3) were presumably manufactured somewhere along the Ionian coast. These observations, combined with data from several more sites, clearly indicates the area of manufacture of part of the Archaic imports in the area of the middle reaches of Maritsa and Tundzha.
The discovery in pit complex at town of Svilengrad of a fragment of pendent semi-circle skyphos dated in 750-700 BC (fir. 2.1-2), as well as the presence of Olyntos type pottery in the western half of the Thracian Plain points to the northwestern parts of the Aegean basin as a second region of manufacture of the imported pottery in the interior of Southeastern Thrace.
In most cases, the finds under consideration were discovered in pit complexes, in contexts with later materials. Regarding this phenomenon, various interpretative approaches are offered.
An attempt is made at tracing ancient trade and communication routes, among which the valley of Hebros and Tonzos emerges as the main route for the penetration of the imported vases. The fact the most of the imports were discovered in immediate vicinity of Maritsa's bed is a definite proof of this thesis. The inhabitants of the Thracian plain communicated with the South also through the routes that crossed the Rhodope Mountains. Another possible way for penetration of the finds is from the area of the Southwestern Black Sea coast.
In conclusion, the article arises the question of the contacts that found material expression in the imports, as well as of the mechanisms through which they were carried out.

El origen de los Ilicitanos (Elche - Elx) es un extracto del libro Karuo el secreto ibero, poe el cual Enrique Cabrejas o Enric Cabrejas nos relata de modo llano su experiencia personal con lo extraordinario de un descubrimiento. El 21 de Abril de 2012 consiguió lo que parecía imposible: Descifrar la escritura ibérica. El hallazgo más relevante de la cultura universal en nuestro país de los últimos tiempos, sin lugar a dudas. Un hito en la historia de la escritura sin precedentes. Desde este mismo instante la obra Karuo de Enrique Cabrejas lo convierte en un referente destacado a nivel mundial en historia y lingüística. Los innumerables datos, explicaciones, pruebas y significados que nos reporta nunca conocidos antes, son una referencia obligada para todos aquellos que quieran comprender la historia, la lengua antigua e incluso también la moderna de nuestro país o para quienes en el futuro deseen estudiarla e investigarla en profundidad, más si cabe desde el mundo académico.

nel 2005; tali indagini sono proseguite grazie ad un assegno di ricerca ottenuto, presso la stessa istituzione, nell'ambito di un progetto Prin 2007, coordinato dal prof. E. Greco, avente come titolo 'Atene e le cleruchie ateniesi: il caso di Lemno, dal V secolo a.C. all'età romana'.

Archaic history of the Ionian city of Istros can be better understood in comparing it with aristocratic Miletus on one hand, with Platonic utopias on the other. The histrian necropolis can be interpreted as an illustration of the long process of democratization about which Aristotle's Politics informs us.

The article is devoted to a marble relief from Olbia, which was published by A.S. Uvarov in 1851 and has since been almost forgotten. This monument belongs to the fourth century BC. Aspects of the religious procession presented in the relief are explored. The article argues that there is a reason to believe that the deity whom this procession is approaching is neither Asclepius nor Zeus, but Achilles.

This article is a translation of: Виноградов Ю.А., Шауб И.Ю. Об одном забытом ольвийском рельефе // Vestnik drevnei istorii 81/2 (2021), 331–339. DOI: 10.31857/S032103910014830-6

Introduction
1. A Slice of Material History
1.1. The religious act of the foundation of Pella-on-the-Orontes
1.2. The (re)foundation of Apamea – the royal generosity of Seleucus and Apama
1.3. Apamea: prosperity and joy of suburban life
2. The mosaic as a new historical source for the history of Apamea
Conclusions
Beyond the devastation and tragedy of human lives precipitated by the conflict in Syria, priceless representations of ancient culture and history have likewise fallen victim to a seemingly never-ending maelstrom of destruction. Ancient monuments and art have either been destroyed, damaged, or lost as chaos persists in a region that has for thousands of years seen the footprint of a parade of civilizations. (...)
The scenes tell the story of the founding of Pella/Apamea and further development of this city on the Orontes river. Three main groups of scenes can be distinguished: (1) the foundation of Pella-on-the-Orontes by the legendary Archippos, (2) the (re)foundation of the city as Apamea-on-the-Orontes (earlier Pella-on-the-Orontes) by Seleucus I Nikator and the simultaneous financial generosity of his wife, Apama, for the development of the new Seleucid colony in 300 BC, and (3) the raising of the town fortifications around monumental public buildings and an illustration of the daily life of a joyous people living in the rich Apamean agglomeration and hinterland. Features of style date the panels to the 4th century AD.

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the relations between Greeks and Thracians in
the part of Thrace located in North-East Aegean, during the 7th-5th centuries B.C. The first part
deals with the Greek presence in the region, introducing the Greek colonies there and the
information provided by the literary sources for their relation with the local Thracian tribes. It
appears that the seashore extending from river Hebros to Nestos was colonized by Ionians or
Aeolians from Asia Minor and the islands of the eastern Aegean. Greeks from Cyclades seem to
be the first to settle in the area between the river Nestos and Strymona as well as the eastern part
of Chalkidiki. Athenians attempted to establish themselves in the region mostly during the 5th
centuries B.C. The resistance of the Thracians is occasionally recorded in the preserved literary
sources. The establishment of the Greeks in the region, however, is indicative for a final coexistence
of Greeks and Thracians. The second part focuses on the presence of Thracians in
southern Greece. In particular it deals with their presence in drama and iconography that is
mostly evidenced during the 5th centuries B.C. The written evidence and the archaeological data
from the new excavations in the region can contribute significantly to a better understanding of
the relations between Greeks and Thracians.

La historia del reino del Ponto constituye un ejemplo de convivencia entre la civtlización helénica y un mundo bárbaro. Esta región, situada entre Paflagonia y la Capadocia Póntica, que separaba el río Halis,t había sido durante siglos para los griegos un país remoto y mal conocido. En sus cercanías estaba la puerta del Hades y el país de las amazonas. Incluso el mítico reino de Eetes se habría extendido hasta el Halis, haciendo a los Mitridátidas herederos del cetro del padre de Medea.2 Heracles, héroe civilizador, habría visitado aquellas costas, luchando contra pueblos belicosos que habitaban a orillas del Euxino.3 Pero este pasado mítico, que en parte justificaba la presencia de colonias griegas en la costa, no impidió que tanto capadocios como paflagonios tuvieran entre los griegos reputación de rudos.a Al igual que ocurriera con los carios, los

Depuis 1992, les fouilles menées sur le site d’Argilos ont livré un nombre important de céramiques locales et nord-égéennes dont les formes et l’ornementation s’inspirent des traditions issues des grands ateliers exportateurs de l’est du sud du monde égéen. Parmi ces céramiques figure un groupe de cratères tardo-archaïques dont le profil stamnoïde et le décor d’inspiration subgéométrique rappellent des productions eubéo-cycladiques, ioniennes et attiques de la fin du VIIIe et du VIIe siècle av. J.-C. Cette contribution porte sur les contextes de découverte de ces vases, leur diffusion en Égée septentrionale et l’influence exercée par l’Eubée et les Cyclades sur l’artisanat des céramiques nord-égéennes à la période archaïque.

Perron, M. 2017. "Notes sur un groupe de "cratères" tardo-archaïques d'Argilos", in D. W. Rupp and J. Tomlinson (eds.), From Maple to Olive : Proceedings of a Colloquium to Celebrate the 40th Anniversary of the Canadian Institute in Greece, Athens, 10-11 June 2016, Publications of the Canadian Institute in Greece no. 10, Athens, p. 317-344.

Tο παρόν έργο πνευματικής ιδιοκτησίας προστατεύεται κατά τις διατάξεις του Eλληνικού νόμου (N.2121/1993 όπως έχει τροποποιηθεί και ισχύει σήμερα) και τις διεθνείς συμβάσεις περί πνευματικής ιδιοκτησίας. Aπαγορεύεται απολύτως η άνευ γραπτής άδειας του εκδότη κατά οποιοδήποτε τρόπο ή μέσο αντιγραφή, φωτοανατύπωση και εν γένει αναπαραγωγή, εκμίσθωση ή δανεισμός, μετάφραση, διασκευή, αναμετάδοση στο κοινό σε οποιαδήποτε μορφή (ηλεκτρονική, μηχανική ή άλλη) και η εν γένει εκμετάλλευση του συνόλου ή μέρους του έργου.

Most of the 2nd millennium “grey ware”, also called Troy VI-VII grey ware, was theprevailing and characteristic pottery of the Troad. Blegen traced its origin to the greyware of north-western Anatolia at the end of the third millennium.
Towards the end of the second millennium, Troy was abandoned as a result of theinvasion that was a part of the larger movement that wrecked havoc on the easternMediterranean. The surviving inhabitants of Troy abandoned the city and sought refugeein the more defensible hilltops located farther inland. The refugees and their descendants
continued to produce “grey ware” until the end of the eighth century. At this timeAiolians from Lesbos crossed the sea and refounded Troy and colonized the Troad. It is interesting that after the eighth century Troy and a large number of sites in the Troad have yielded “grey ware” that was in use until the end of the Classical period.
This “grey ware” is similar to the “prehistoric grey ware” that it is very difficult to distinguish both, since. Shapes and forms appear to be direct continuity of the Late Bronze Age.
These observations shed important lights on the relationship between the Aiol Greeksand the native inhabitants of the Troad and permit some conjecture about their relationship. First, the producers of the “archaic grey ware” of the region were likely to be the descendants of the Bronze Age inhabitants of the Troad and Troy. Second, when the Aiolians arrived the Troad, they encountered people still using “grey ware”. Third, since several Greek settlements in the region have yielded the “grey ware” it appears that the Aioilan Greeks lived together with the native inhabitants of Troad and that this mingling appears to be a peaceful process. Finally, the non-Greek inhabitants of the Troad were Hellenized by the end of the Classical period as the use of “grey ware” ceased by that time.

Con su libro Karuo el secreto ibero, Enrique Cabrejas o Enric Cabrejas nos relata de modo llano su experiencia personal con lo extraordinario de un descubrimiento. El 21 de Abril de 2012 consiguió lo que parecía imposible: Descifrar la escritura ibérica. El hallazgo más relevante de la cultura universal en nuestro país de los últimos tiempos, sin lugar a dudas. Un hito en la historia de la escritura sin precedentes. Desde este mismo instante la obra Karuo de Enrique Cabrejas lo convierte en un referente destacado a nivel mundial en historia y lingüística. Los innumerables datos, explicaciones, pruebas y significados que nos reporta nunca conocidos antes, son una referencia obligada para todos aquellos que quieran comprender la historia, la lengua antigua e incluso también la moderna de nuestro país o para quienes en el futuro deseen estudiarla e investigarla en profundidad, más si cabe desde el mundo académico.

Zankle is a Greek polis strategically established in northeast Sicily in the late eighth century bce. The city became powerful in the Archaic period and controlled a vast territory that included part of the opposite mainland. It was conquered in 488/7 bce by the Rhegian tyrant Anaxilaos who renamed it as Messana.Keywords:archaeology;Greek history;Mediterraneanarchaeology;Greek history;Mediterranean

639 VIII ΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ / FOREWORD | ΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ Η επιστημονική έρευνα της αρχαίας Μακεδονίας τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες δημιούργησε νέα δεδομένα και έδωσε νέες προοπτικές στη μελέτη του ιστορικού αυτού χώρου. Οι συστηματικές ανασκαφές έφεραν στο φως έναν τεράστιο πλούτο πληροφοριών και πυροδότησαν το ενδιαφέρον όχι μόνον της ελληνικής αλλά και της διεθνούς επιστημονικής κοινότητας και κατ᾽ επέκταση του ευρύτερου παγκόσμιου κοινού.

Kaynarca: A Neolithic Mound in Gelibolu Peninsula
its similar form to an island and its strategic position, right between two seas the Aegean and the Marmara, the Gelibolu peninsula  has been a point of attraction for the prehistoric societies since Paleolithic times. Many scholars studying on the prehistory of islands have questioned the subsistence strategies of the prehistoric societies and tried to compare them with those of inland societies . This study is an essay, which refers to the prehistorical relation between the people and the environment living in similar geographical settings.