Arrest

Aim: This article aims to provide researchers unknown diaries from the time of the January Uprising. Within this framework, we will discuss their content and will try to identify the people who signed up to them. We will also take a closer look at the circumstances in which one of them went to the Toruń library. Research method: Analysis of manuscripts and review of the literature. Results/Conclusions: The namesakes presented are interesting souvenirs after the participation of Poles from the Prussian partition in the January Uprising. The fact that they were kept in the Hausvogtei detention facility in Berlin testifies to the level of freedom in the Prussian penitentiary system. They can be an excellent source for research on the specificity of prison life, and in exceptional circumstances, which was the show trial in 1864.

This dissertation addresses the problem of manhunts, against criminal fugitives. It establishes new ways of describing and refining mechanisms and techniques, for manhunts. Methods used in this dissertation to meet those objectives, include: review of case studies, benchmarking of techniques and the analysis of techniques and concepts, which have been put forward by other scholars. Emphasis has been placed on the applicability of search techniques to a wide range of situations, and techniques
for shielding the actual intentions of a search-interdiction party, from the fugitive’s support network.  Also derived from the analyses and case studies in this dissertation, are some innovative concepts that enhance the manhunt tradecrafts of personnel currently engaged in on-going searches for fugitives and insights into fugitive psychology. Though the case studies have got a wide range of characteristics idiosyncratic to their subjects, illustrations of similarities and correspondence in otherwise, obviously unrelated case studies, is empirical evidence of the importance of review of past cases, to assist in the refining of future manhunt operations. The dissertation, proposes various manhunt tradecraft solutions, which may be widely applicable, even in situations where search-interdiction teams have very limited operations funding, but can nevertheless assist in obtaining success by a resourceful operatives. The dissertation further seeks to give any new search-interdiction operative initial procedures and points of inquiry, while for the skilful operatives, it provides various methods for refinement of techniques and performance benchmarking.

Inhuman torture is a common issue in our country. It is happening not only in Bangladesh but also each and every corner of the world. To prevent such a curse from society, country and world lots of national and international laws, guidelines and precedents continuously come from judicial decisions of different nations. Bangladesh judiciary is not exception here. In light of this issue, the paper has analyzed, for the purpose of focusing judicial developments, examining relevant laws and its implementation, national and international legal framework along with the reference of judicial precedent upon prohibition of inhuman torture including arrest, detention, remand and extrajudicial killing by law enforcement agency. In this regard, the Supreme Court of Bangladesh laid down a set of guidelines in blast vs. bd [55 dlr (2003) hcd, p. 380], saifuzzaman vs. state [56 dlr (2004) hcd, pp. 342-43] and bd vs blast [8 scob (ad) 2016, p. 1]with regard to exercise of power of arrest and remand consecutively under section 54, 161 and 167 of the CrPcalong with section 3 of the SPA and 316 of PRB where these sections provide the Police and LEA excess power which is mostly abused by them. This paper has critically analyzed these sections as well as article 35(5) of our Constitution which directly stands against the torture and degrading punishment. The paper has also emphasized upon the judicial precedents concerning prohibition of torture whether they are being implemented properly. In conducting this research, analytical methodology is applied and data have been collected from primary and secondary sources which found that in 2017 about 155 people died for extrajudicial killing. Among 155 people 13 died for torture; 139 for crossfire; 2 for beaten and 1 for shot that are the reflection of violation of human rights even fundamental rights also and such violation is not being under control rather it is increasing rapidly day by day where in 2018, from January to May, the death of person for extrajudicial killing stands to 222. And these are occurring because of authorization of black law, poor monitory system of

This paper deals with "warrant" which is one of the six modes of production of an accused before a Court of law in Pakistani Jurisdiction. The general procedural law is enacted in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 which is exhaustive on the subject. An attempt has been made to explain the subject in the light of the judicial precedents. What, when, where, why,who, whom, how are the modes to know this subject like all other subjects.

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In this study, right to trial within a reasonable time is addressed and reviewed with its theory and brief history, aspects in both foreign law systems and domestic law as comparatively, provisions under both European Convention on Human Rights and national law, recent developments in Turkish law, practice in the light of outstanding and prominent decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. It also deals with the compatibility of Turkish Law practice in particular pertaining to criminal proceedings and detention on remand. It has been touched on right to a fair trial, enshrined in European Convention on Human Rights, during the study as well due to the fact that both rights have developed together. That ECtHR’s decisions finding violation against Turkey are mostly related to right to trial within a reasonable time shows importance of the matter.

Ljudje doživljajo zapor kot krivičen, kar pri njih poraja odpor. Po bivanju v totalni instituciji (zapor, psihiatrična bolnišnica ipd.) se vrnejo v prejšnje življenje, v katerem se zopet vrnejo na stare tirnice. Takšni ljudje so pogosto stigmatizirani. Stigmatizacija jim preprečuje vključitev v kar se da normalno življenje in spodbuja vrnitev k prejšnjim oblikam vedenja. Obstajajo tudi primeri, pri katerih resocializacija ni možna. Takšni primeri so množični morilci, pedofili, posiljevalci… V takih primerih se postavlja vprašanje ali takega človeka zapreti v zapor za vse življenje ali mu odvzeti življene. Svojci žrtve bi verjetno izbrali usmrtitev, vendar s tem stopajo na raven storilca in s tem ne rešimo ničesar. Sami nosijo krivdo, da so tudi oni nekoga ubili. Očitno dejstvo je tudi, da so na so na smrtno kazen večinoma obsojeni revni ljudje, ki nimajo denarja za boljše odvetnike. Marsikdaj se je že zgodilo, da so imeli ljudje veliko denarja in dobrega odvetnika, in so se na tak način oprali krivde in izognili smrtni kazni.
Smrtna kazen je zakonsko urejen instrument uboja zapornika kot kazen za zločin, ki v neki družbi velja za takšnega. Nekateri pravni sistemi, ki uporabljajo smrtno kazen jo omejujejo za manjše število kaznivih dejanj, kot sta veleizdaja ali umor. Zaporniki, ki čakajo na smrtno kazen, so med čakanjem na izvršitev kazni navadno ločeni od sojetnikov. Večina držav je zaradi etičnih razlogov in nepopravljivosti ob morebitni sodni napaki smrtno kazen odpravili. V Sloveniji so prvo smrtno kazen izvedli leta 1957, leta 1989 pa so jo tudi uradno odpravili. Zadnji obsojenec nad katerim je bila izvedena smrtna kazen pri nas je bil Franc Rihtovič z skoraj sedemdesetimi kaznivimi dejanji, od ropov do antikomunizma, najhujši zločin pa je bil uboj policista leta 1955. 30.10.1959 pa so ga ustrelili v gramozni jamo blizu Hoč.

the term Anticipatory Bail is not found in the Code of Criminal Procedure Code but it is a terminology used in general practice. The Code describes it under Section 438 as Bail in the event of arrest. Arrest is not precluded but it prevents detention in the custody.

The rule is that there should be an apprehension of arrest and the Court should be satisfied that there is a reasonable apprehension. Gurubaksh Singh Sibba vs State of Punjab is the landmark judgment and had has since then been followed till Siddharam Mhetre was taken as an opportunity to revisit the concept of bail in anticipation of arrest.

As rape remains one of the most underreported and least likely to be cleared of the violent crimes, it is of paramount importance to understand the factors associated with the likelihood of a case being cleared by law enforcement. This study uses data from the National Incident–Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS), and a multilevel modeling approach to examine the relationship between victim, offender, incident, and police department characteristics contrasting the two types of clearance: arrest and exceptional clearance. The latter occurs due to reasons outside of law enforcement’s control and despite being considered cleared, the offender is not arrested, charged, nor turned over for prosecution. Of the 16,231 cleared rapes in 238 departments, nearly half (47%) results in exceptional clearance when the victim refuses to cooperate or when prosecution is declined. Incident-level variables have a greater effect on the likelihood of exceptional clearance than victim and offender variables. The department explained a nontrivial amount of variation in the dependent variable, as 37% of the variance in type of clearance was between-department variation. Implications for future research on exceptional clearance and NIBRS are discussed.

Background: With a high volume of incoming cases and ever-present backlogs, forensic laboratories are often limited with the funding and resources necessary to test every evidence item waiting to be processed. 1 Properly allocating resources can be a persistent challenge.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine which types of physical evidence collected from property crime scenes, upon the completion of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis, would most likely lead to cold hits in the Combined DNA Index System database (CODIS) and ultimately result in arrests. The goal here is to provide law enforcement agencies and forensic laboratories with useful information that could improve evidence processing methods and allow them to better utilize limited resources.
Materials and Methods: All of San Diego Police Department's DNA cases from property crimes during a one-year period were reviewed to determine which evidence types yielded the highest number of arrests. Bloodstains, drinking containers, cigarette butts, clothing, rocks, and various types of tools were the most common types of evidence submitted for DNA testing in property crime investigations.
Results: Bloodstains resulted in the highest amount of cold hits (73%) and yielded nearly 250% more arrests than non-blood evidence.
Conclusion: When allocating resources in forensic laboratories, property crime cases with blood evidence should be given the highest priority. Further prioritization based on evidence type, however, is not definitively supported by the results of this study.

Законом України №2617-VIII від 22 листопада 2018 року «Про внесення змін до деяких законодавчих актів України щодо спрощення досудового розслідування окремих категорій кримінальних правопорушень» передбачено доповнення КПК України статтею 2982 “Затримання уповноваженою службовою особою особи, яка вчинила кримінальний проступок”, чим розширено випадки, коли може бути застосоване позасудове затримання. Оскільки затримання є одним з найбільш обмежувальних кримінальних процесуальних інститутів, який може бути застосований як захід примусу до особи, важливого значення набуває питання аналізу запропонованих нововведень.

Указане викликає застереження  двох типів:

По-перше, сутнісне застереження, адже, на наш погляд, є очевидним пряма невідповідність статті 2982 КПК України частинам 2, 3 ст. 29 Конституції України та порушення припису ч. 3 ст. 22 Основного Закону України, відповідно до якого при прийнятті нових законів або внесенні змін до чинних законів не допускається звуження змісту та обсягу існуючих прав і свобод.

По-друге, змістовне застереження до норм статті 2982 КПК України та законодавчої техніки її виконання: суперечливість строків такого затримання (у ч. 2 встановлено строк у 3 години, нижче, у ч. 4, встановлено значно більші строки: 72 та 24 години залежно від додаткових умов, передбачених у ч. 1 цієї статті; ускладнене подання підстав для затримання (ч. 1), викладене як із відсиланням до загальних підстав позасудового затримання (п.п. 1, 2 ч. 1 ст. 208 КПК України), так і передбачення нових, обов’язкових умов для такого затримання; неврегулювання питання суб’єкта складання протоколу про затримання особи (уповноважена службова особа, що здійснила позасудове затримання, чи слідчий, прокурор, при доставленні такої особи); невключення до ч. 3 ст. 214 КПК України згадки про можливість до внесення відомостей про кримінальне правопорушення до Єдиного реєстру досудових розслідувань здійснення затримання уповноваженою службовою особою з проведенням особистого обшуку в такої. Застереження в частині суперечливих строків уже викликало інтерес у законодавців: так, урядовим законопроєктом № 2411 від 11.11.2019 більш довгі строки усуваються, та залишається загальний строк у 3 години з моменту фактичного затримання. Однак інші спірні позиції залишаються.

A provisional attachment is a legal measure imposed to ensure that money and collateral receivables can be secured. In Maritime Enforcement Law, a provisional attachment is imposed to secure marine claims, but since maritime trade has unique characteristics; special provisions are included. In this context, the matter of imposing a provisional attachment decision about the marine claims has only consequences specific to maritime trade, such as the detention or seizure of the ship. This article has been prepared to clarify the provisional attachment of marine claims.

Objectives: Illicit drug abuse and drug-related crimes are still a growing problem worldwide. Understanding the increasing number of individuals arrested for drug charges, as well as their characteristics is necessary to predict and establish preventive and treatment programs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shahroud, Northeast of Iran from 2015-2018. Data were collected at the time of arrest from all homeless addicts and drug offenders arrested by the police and were sent to the rehabilitation camps or prisons (n=5486). Results: Drug-related charges were the largest category of arrest charges in Shahroud. The mean age of arrestees had significantly decreased each year. In total, 19.1% of the arrestees were referred to the rehabilitation camps (18.6% male and 40.3% female). The number of cases arrested for drug charges referred to the rehabilitation camps had significantly increased over time in both men and women. The number of arrestees showed an increase each year, whereas their mean age had decreased significantly. Discussion: Drug-related laws in Iran have been reformed, emphasizing the judicial supervision of arrest, treatment, and release processes. Treatment of arrestees with drug abuse provides opportunities for decreasing substance abuse and criminal behaviors and rearrests. Highlights • Drug-related charges were the largest category of arrest charges. • Arrestees with drug abuse were predominantly young males, often single, with a low level of education. • The mean age of arrestees with drug abuse significantly decreased every year. • The number of arrestees with drug abuse who referred to the rehabilitation camps significantly increased. Plain Language Summary In small cities of Iran, which are situated on trafficking routes, drug addiction and trafficking are prevalent among young people. Drug charges comprised the largest category of arrest charges in Shahroud, Iran. Regarding the high cost and negative effects of imprisoning the substance users, many authorities have begun to consider different alternatives approaches. The number of arrestees with drug abuse referring to the rehabilitation camps significantly increased over time in both men and women. It should be noted that those who were referred to compulsory camps by the police are treated free of charge. Individual, family, and group counseling is included in the considered intervention in camps to prevent relapse after recovery and achieve complete abstinence.