Recovery

Background: While resilience has been defined as resistance to illness, adaptation, and thriving, the ability to bounce back or recover from stress is closest to its original meaning. Previous resilience measures assess resources that may promote resilience rather than recovery, resistance, adaptation, or thriving. Purpose: To test a new brief resilience scale. Method: The brief resilience scale (BRS) was created to assess the ability to bounce back or recover from stress. Its psychometric characteristics were examined in four samples, including two student samples and samples with cardiac and chronic pain patients. Results: The BRS was reliable and measured as a unitary construct. It was predictably related to personal characteristics, social relations, coping, and health in all samples. It was negatively related to anxiety, depression, negative affect, and physical symptoms when other resilience measures and optimism, social support, and Type D personality (high negative affect and high social inhibition) were controlled. There were large differences in BRS scores between cardiac patients with and without Type D and women with and without fibromyalgia. Conclusion: The BRS is a reliable means of assessing resilience as the ability to bounce back or recover from stress and may provide unique and important information about people coping with health-related stressors.

Participate in an international competition for a project in China, design a project for Dubai, build a school in the favellas of Brazil. Those are some of the challenges that firms in the fields of architecture, urban planning and construction must now face in a globalizing construction sector. However, the international context of construction shows different faces, ranging from prestige buildings designed by foreign “star” architects in
world-class cities, to emergency shelters produced by humanitarian international initiatives in rural areas in developing countries. For many, this context offers great commercial opportunities, but also risks and threats.

Participants from different countries working in foreign contexts are confronted with major challenges that range from cultural adaptation to contractual know-how. A careful understanding of organizational design and procurement is crucial in this context. The procurement strategies - that is, the initial decisions made by the client(s) to create the temporary multi-organization in charge of the project – can determine the success or failure of the initiatives.

This 2008 conference-workshop discusses these challenges and seeks to clarify the scope of and opportunities for construction projects in the international context. It focuses on the procurement-related aspects of international construction projects, and it opens the door to a wide range of subjects related to the performance of these initiatives.

The conference-workshop addresses the following issues:
• How to procure a building project abroad?
• How do architects participate in international construction?
• What are the main risks of international procurement? What are the main risks of working
abroad?
• Is there such a thing as a real international supply chain?
• What are the differences between local procurement and international procurement?
• What are the main opportunities for construction companies interested in working abroad?
• How must the relations between foreign organizations and local actors be established?

Increasing demand for automotive vehicles with reduced weight, improved crashworthiness and passengers safety has steamed the research of new Twinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steels. In this work the effect of annealing between 400 and 900oC on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot and cold rolled 0.06C-24Mn-3Al-2Si-1Ni (wt%) steel with TWIP effect was investigated. The results have shown that steel exhibits fast recrystallization kinetics with a low amount of recovery, which results in a high driving force for the former. Mechanical properties were determined using Vickers microhardness and tensile tests. Tensile strength of 670 MPa with 54% of total elongation, and strain hardening exponent of 0.57 were reached after annealing at 900°C. $OO ULJKWV UHVHUYHG 1R SDUW RI FRQWHQWV RI WKLV SDSHU PD\ EH UHSURGXFHG RU WUDQVPLWWHG LQ DQ\ IRUP RU E\ DQ\ PHDQV ZLWKRXW WKH ZULWWHQ SHUPLVVLRQ RI 773 ZZZWWSQHW ,' 5HFU\VWDOOL]DWLRQ DQG *UDLQ *URZWK ,9 &36 'LIIUDFWLRQ $QJOH T J J J J J J J J J &36 'LIIUDFWLRQ $QJOH T J )LJ ;UD\ GLIIUDFWLRQ RI KRW UROOHG VDPSOH D DQG FROG UROOHG VDPSOH E

This paper describes how to optimize the energy performance of single-story multiple-skin facades (MSF) by changing the settings of the facades and HVAC-system according to the net energy demand of the building. The annual energy performance is analyzed for typical Belgian climatic conditions using a whole building simulation tool. Three MSF are scrutinised: a mechanically ventilated airflow window, a naturally ventilated double-skin facade and a mechanically ventilated supply window. Their performance is compared against the performance of two traditional facades: a traditional window with exterior and interior shading device. It is shown that both the heating and cooling demand may significantly be improved by implementing control strategies such as controlling the airflow rate and the recovery of air returning from the multiple-skin facades.

The SART (Sulphidization, Acidification, Recycling and Thickening) process is a novel industrial technology used in gold mining to recover cyanide and copper from cyanide solutions. Since the operation of this process involves hydrogen cyanide (HCN) generation, the design of the process must provide full control on gaseous HCN evolution to ensure personnel safety. Even though gas extraction and scrubber systems play a fundamental role in the control and reduction of potentially dangerous HCN levels, currently there are no formal methods to estimate the HCN generation in the SART process in order to afford a robust design for the extraction and scrubber systems. The objective of the present work is to propose a general methodology to predict the generation of HCN gas in the SART process. For this purpose, a mathematical model was developed, supported by the phenomenology of the process and considering the system's operational conditions. This model considers the chemical equilibrium of HCN in solution, the liquid-gas phase equilibrium and the mass transfer phenomena between the liquid and gas phases. The results predicted by the model have indicated very low rates of HCN gas generation (1-12 mg/hm 2), showing HCN concentrations below 4 ppm at the inlet of the scrubbing system under typical operational conditions. In addition, it was found that the generation of HCN gas is controlled by the liquid mass transfer resistance and, due to this reason, that the correct adjustment of operational parameters of the SART process can maximize the liquid mass transfer resistance, avoiding HCN volatilization.

The Independence through Community Access and Navigation (I-CAN) intervention was developed to increase community participation in adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) through identification of interest-based recreation activities and supported participation. Ten individuals consented to participate in a 10-week pilot intervention. Eight individuals participated in the intervention, during which time they worked with a recreational therapist to identify interest-based recreation activities, develop participation goals and coparticipate with the recreational therapist. At the end of the intervention, seven participants were involved in a semistructured interview to understand their perceptions of the intervention, including its outcomes and effectiveness. Therapists' notes and transcripts from the semistructured interviews were used to understand clients' perception of the intervention. Thematic analyses of seven exit interviews suggested the primary perceived outcomes of the intervention included: increased community involvement; development of planning skills; and the development of coping skills. These were facilitated by the therapeutic relationship between the client and therapist. This project provides preliminary support for the I-CAN as a participant-centered method for individuals with SSD to develop skills in the community. Implications for practice and future research are presented.

The exoskeleton of the lobster Homarus americanus is a multiphase biological composite material which consists of an organic matrix (crystalline α-chitin fibers and various types of non-crystalline proteins) and minerals (mainly calcite). In this study we discuss experimental data about the mesoscopic structure and the crystallographic texture (orientation distribution) of the α-chitin–protein fiber network in this material. The synchrotron measurements reveal very strong crystallographic textures of the α-chitin. According to these data, a large fraction of the α-chitin lattice cells is arranged with their longest axis parallel to the normal of the surface of the exoskeleton. Additionally, a smaller fraction of the α-chitin cells is oriented with their longest axis perpendicular to the cuticle surface. These structural investigations reveal the pronounced role of crystallographic orientation distributions in mineralized biological composite materials which may be of relevance for an improved understanding of biological and bio-inspired nano-composites.

In this paper we set out the context in which experiences of mental distress occur with an emphasis on the contributions of social and structural factors and then make a case for the use of intersectionality as an analytic and methodological framework for understanding these factors. We then turn to the political urgency for taking up the concept of recovery and argue for the importance of research and practice that addresses professional domination of the field, and that promotes ongoing engagement and dialogue about recovery as both a personal and social experience. To this end, we describe a unique project that sought to deepen our understanding of how recovery is being thought about and applied in the current context of mental health care in Vancouver, BC, with a specific focus on how, and whether, people are taking up and addressing dimensions of power that we see as critical to the operationalization of recovery within a social justice framework. Emerging from our research and discussion is a set of critical questions about whether or not the political moment in Canada with respect to re-invigorating recovery should be embraced, versus a rejection of the concept of recovery as too limiting in its scope and too vulnerable to professional co-optation. "Recovery is not a concept that I really relate to because I don't think that I'm recovering from my life experiences, I'm incorporating them. I'm not surviving, I'm becoming."-World Café Participant

One of the primary challenges of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union is to provide a guide for the recovery of surface waters from pollution. However, few studies deal with reference conditions according to the WFD in coastal waters. Using the urbanised Laajalahti Bay (Helsinki, Finland) as an example, reference conditions and pollution history were defined using the stratigraphy of diatoms, sediment geochemistry, stable isotopes, sedimentary pigments, long-term monitoring results of water quality, and nutrient-loading. Principal components analysis was used to generate a multidimensional index of water quality on the basis of the sediment data. We distinguished 5 phases: (1) a pre-industrial phase (before ca. 1815); (2) a phase of slight human disturbance (ca. 1815 to 1900); (3) an onset of anthropogenic impact (ca. 1900 to 1955); (4) a severe pollution phase (ca. 1955 to 1975); (5) basin recovery and a phase of internal loading (from ca. 1975 onwards). Phase 2 was used to define reference conditions. Phase 1 was not used as it occurred before the formation of the semi-enclosed bay by post-glacial isostatic land-uplift. There was good agreement between the sedimentary record and the water-quality data during Phase 4. Despite an improvement in water quality after the local municipal treatment plant closed in 1986, Laajalahti Bay is still far from reference conditions due to internal loading.

The study investigated performance on pantomime and imitation of transitive and intransitive gestures in 80 stroke patients, 42 with left (LHD) and 38 with right (RHD) hemisphere damage. Patients were also categorized in two groups based on the time that has elapsed between their stroke and the apraxia assessment: acute-subacute (n = 42) and chronic (n = 38). In addition, patterns of performance in apraxia were examined. We expected that acute-subacute patients would be more impaired than chronic patients and that LHD patients would be more impaired than RHD patients, relative to controls. The hemisphere prediction was confirmed, replicating previous findings. The frequency of apraxia was also higher in all LHD time post-stroke groups. The most common impairment after LHD was impairment in both pantomime and imitation in both transitive and intransitive gestures. Selective deficits in imitation were more frequent after RHD for transitive gestures but for intransitive gestures they were more frequent after LHD. Patients were more impaired on imitation than pantomime, relative to controls. In addition, after looking at both gesture types concurrently, we have described cases of patients who suffered deficits in pantomime of intransitive gestures with preserved performance on transitive gestures. Such cases show that the right hemisphere may be in some cases critical for the successful pantomime of intransitive gestures and the neural networks subserving them may be distinct. Chronic patients were also less impaired than acute-subacute patients, even though the difference did not reach significance. A longitudinal study is needed to examine the recovery patterns in both LHD and RHD patients.

Using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), we investigated brain plasticity in children 3 years after sustaining a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). First, we assessed brain perfusion patterns (i.e., the extent of brain blood flow to regions of the brain) at rest in eight children who suffered severe TBI as compared to perfusion patterns in eight normally developing children. Second, we examined differences in perfusion between children with severe TBI who showed good versus poor recovery in complex discourse skills. Specifically, the children were asked to produce and abstract core meaning for two stories in the form of a lesson. Inconsistent with our predictions, children with severe TBI showed areas of increased perfusion as compared to normally developing controls. Adult studies have shown the reverse pattern with TBI associated with reduced perfusion. With regard to the second aim and consistent with previously identified brain-discourse relations, we found a strong positive association between perfusion in right frontal regions and discourse abstraction abilities, with higher perfusion linked to better discourse outcomes and lower perfusion linked to poorer discourse outcomes. Furthermore, brain-discourse patterns of increased perfusion in left frontal regions were associated with lower discourse abstraction ability. The results are discussed in terms of how brain changes may represent adaptive and maladaptive plasticity. The findings offer direction for future studies of brain plasticity in response to neurocognitive treatments.

The relationship between species and functional diversity remains poorly understood for nearly all ecosystem types, yet determining this relationship is critically important for developing both a mechanistic understanding of community assembly and appropriate expectations and approaches to protecting and restoring biological communities. Here we use two distinct data sets, one from kelp forests in the Channel Islands, California, and one from a global synthesis of marine reserves, to directly test how ...

Methods used for biosurfactant recovery include solvent extraction, precipitation, crystallization, centrifugation and foam fractionation. These methods cannot be used when distillery wastewater (DW) is used as the nutrient medium for biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain BS2, because recovery of biosurfactant by any of these methods imparts color to the biosurfactant. The biosurfactant has a nonaesthetic appearance with lowered surface active properties. These methods cannot be used for continuous recovery of biosurfactant during cultivation. Hence, a new downstream technique for biosurfactant recovery from fermented DW comprised of adsorption-desorption processes using wood-based activated carbon (WAC) was developed. This study involves batch experiments to standardize the factors affecting the rate of biosurfactant adsorption onto WAC. WAC was the most efficient adsorbent among various ones tested (i.e., silica gel, activated alumina and zeolite). The WAC (1% w v-1), equilibrium time (90 min), pH range of 5-10 and temperature of 40°C were optimum to achieve 99.5% adsorption efficiency. Adsorption kinetics and intraparticle diffusion studies revealed the involvement of both boundary layer diffusion and intraparticle diffusion. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm of WAC indicated the formation of a monolayer coverage of the biosurfactant over a homogeneous carbon surface, while the Freundlich isotherm showed high adsorption at strong solute concentrations and low adsorption at dilute solute concentrations. WAC concentration of 4% w v-1 facilitated complete removal of the biosurfactant from collapsed foam (contained 5-fold higher concentration of biosurfactant than was present in fermented DW). Biosurfactant adsorption was of chemisorption type. Acetone (polar solvent) was a specific viable eluant screened among various ones tested because it selectively facilitated maximum recovery, i.e., 89% biosurfactant from WAC. By acetone treatment, complete regeneration of WAC was feasible and WAC can be reused for biosurfactant recovery up to 3 cycles. The recovered biosurfactant showed improved surface-active property (i.e., much lower critical micelle concentration value of 0.013 verses 0.028 mg mL-1 for biosurfactant recovered by classical methods). The reuse potential of WAC was assessed and results suggest that the carbon can be reused for three consecutive cycles for biosurfactant adsorption from fermented wastewater without any decrease in adsorption efficiency. Thus, this process forms a basis for continuous recovery of biosurfactant from fermented DW and concentrated foam. This process reduces the use of high cost solvent, avoids end product inhibition and minimizes product degradation.

The electrodeposition of galvanic coatings was performed using a chloride-based acidic electrolytic bath containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an additive. The electrolytic bath was prepared using Zn and Mn recovered from exhausted zinc-carbon batteries by means of acid leaching with HCl. The coatings were obtained potentiostatically at −1.2 V and −1.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and galvanostatically with a current density of −10 mA cm −2 . The results indicated that the presence of PEG in the bath during galvanostatic deposition favored the formation of a coating containing a mixture of Zn and Zn-Mn alloy with an Mn content of around 2 wt%.

ObjectiveTo test the reproducibility of the finding that early intensive care for whiplash injuries is associated with delayed recovery.To test the reproducibility of the finding that early intensive care for whiplash injuries is associated with delayed recovery.MethodsWe analyzed data from a cohort study of 1,693 Saskatchewan adults who sustained whiplash injuries between July 1, 1994 and December 31, 1994. We investigated 8 initial patterns of care that integrated type of provider (general practitioners, chiropractors, and specialists) and number of visits (low versus high utilization). Cox models were used to estimate the association between patterns of care and time to recovery while controlling for injury severity and other confounders.We analyzed data from a cohort study of 1,693 Saskatchewan adults who sustained whiplash injuries between July 1, 1994 and December 31, 1994. We investigated 8 initial patterns of care that integrated type of provider (general practitioners, chiropractors, and specialists) and number of visits (low versus high utilization). Cox models were used to estimate the association between patterns of care and time to recovery while controlling for injury severity and other confounders.ResultsPatients in the low-utilization general practitioner group and those in the general medical group had the fastest recovery even after controlling for important prognostic factors. Compared with the low-utilization general practitioner group, the 1-year rate of recovery in the high-utilization chiropractic group was 25% slower (adjusted hazard rate ratio [HRR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.54–1.04), in the low-utilization general practitioner plus chiropractic group the rate was 26% slower (HRR 0.74, 95% CI 0.60–0.93), and in the high-utilization general practitioner plus chiropractic combined group the rate was 36% slower (HRR 0.64, 95% CI 0.50–0.83).Patients in the low-utilization general practitioner group and those in the general medical group had the fastest recovery even after controlling for important prognostic factors. Compared with the low-utilization general practitioner group, the 1-year rate of recovery in the high-utilization chiropractic group was 25% slower (adjusted hazard rate ratio [HRR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.54–1.04), in the low-utilization general practitioner plus chiropractic group the rate was 26% slower (HRR 0.74, 95% CI 0.60–0.93), and in the high-utilization general practitioner plus chiropractic combined group the rate was 36% slower (HRR 0.64, 95% CI 0.50–0.83).ConclusionThe observation that intensive health care utilization early after a whiplash injury is associated with slower recovery was reproduced in an independent cohort of patients. The results add to the body of evidence suggesting that early aggressive treatment of whiplash injuries does not promote faster recovery. In particular, the combination of chiropractic and general practitioner care significantly reduces the rate of recovery.The observation that intensive health care utilization early after a whiplash injury is associated with slower recovery was reproduced in an independent cohort of patients. The results add to the body of evidence suggesting that early aggressive treatment of whiplash injuries does not promote faster recovery. In particular, the combination of chiropractic and general practitioner care significantly reduces the rate of recovery.

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which can effectively resolve a mixture of proteins into individual constituents with a simple apparatus, has been widely and routinely used for analytical purposes. However, its application for preparative purposes is limited owing to the lack of a universal method that permits the recovery of general proteins from the gel in high yields. In early days, the electrophoretically separated protein in gel was recovered by extraction or solubilization of the excised gel, and later by electrophoretic elution. Regarding the electrophoretic recovery of proteins, a number of methods have been reported, which can be divided into two categories: (1) "electroelution", which recovers the protein of interest from excised gel electrophoretically, and (2) "continuous elution" of applied proteins from a preparative-scale gel during electrophoresis, where the electrophoretically separated proteins that migrate through the gel into a buffer stream at the gel bottom are fractionated consecutively. Characteristic features of the electroelution method reside in its simple requirements for the elution apparatus and that microgram amounts of protein can be quantitatively recovered in the concentrated form. The major drawbacks of electroelution are that the method requires manipulations for locating the protein in the gel, followed by the excision and re-electrophoresis of the relevant part of gel for eluting the protein. The continuous elution method, on the other hand, has advantages in its high loading capacity of sample protein and easy monitoring of the elution process. This method, however, requires expensive equipment and gives low concentrations of the recovered protein, the purity of which is sometimes poor. For those who are trying the electrophoretic recovery of protein from polyacrylamide gel for the first time, the electroelution method would be the first choice in view of the easy manipulation, the small amount of protein required for loading and the satisfactory recovery yield with least expense without using of any costly equipment.

This article represents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2005 Research Society on Alcoholism meeting in Santa Barbara, California, organized and chaired by Kamilla L. Venner. This symposium integrated current empirical research on the course of recovery from alcoholism from multiple perspectives, an aim that is consistent with NIAAA's new focus on the process of recovery. The presentations and presenters were as follows: (1) The Role of Community Services and Informal Support on 7-Year Drinking Outcomes in Treated and Untreated Drinkers, by Helen Matzger; (2) The Sequence of Recovery Events in a Native American Sample, by Kamilla L. Venner; (3) Transformational Change in Recovery, by Alyssa A. Forcehimes; (4) Social Settings and Substance Use: Contextual Factors in Recovery, by Rudolf H. Moos; and (5) A Broader View of Change in Drinking Behavior, by discussant Mark L. Willenbring. A theme connecting the presentations was that treatment is but one discrete aspect to recovery and that sustained recovery is often influenced by an individual interaction with others within a social context. Collectively, presentations underscored the need to think more broadly about factors contributing to the remission of alcohol dependence.

We estimated carrying capacity for sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in the coastal waters of British Columbia, Canada, by characterizing habitat according to the complexity of nearshore intertidal and sub-tidal contours. We modeled the total area of complex habitat on the west coast of Vancouver Island by first calculating the complexity of the Checleset Bay-Kyuquot Sound (CB-KS) region, where sea otters have been at equilibrium since the mid-1990s. We then identified similarly complex areas on the west coast of Vancouver Island (WCVI model), and adapted the model to identify areas of similar complexity along the entire British Columbia coast (BC model). Using survey data from the CB-KS region, we calculated otter densities for the habitat predicted by the 2 models. The density estimates for CB-KS were 3.93 otters/km 2 and 2.53 otters/km 2 for the WCVI and BC models, respectively, and the resulting 2 estimates of west coast of Vancouver Island complex habitat carrying capacity were not significantly different (WCVI model: 5,123, 95% CI ¼ 3,337-7,104; BC model: 4,883, 95% CI ¼ 3,223-6,832). The BC model identified the region presently occupied by otters on the central British Columbia coast, but the amount of coast-wide habitat it predicted (5,862 km 2 ) was relatively small, and the associated carrying capacity estimate (14,831, 95% CI ¼ 9,790-20,751) was low compared to historical accounts. We suggest that our model captured a type of high-quality or optimum habitat prevalent on the west coast of Vancouver Island, typified by the CB-KS region, and that suitable sea otter habitat elsewhere on the coast must include other habitat characteristics. We therefore calculated a linear, coast-wide carrying capacity of 52,459 sea otters (95% CI ¼ 34,264-73,489)-a more realistic upper limit to sea otters in British Columbia. Our carrying capacity estimates are helping set population recovery targets for sea otters in Canada, and our habitat predictions represent a first step in Critical Habitat identification. This habitat-based approach to estimating carrying capacity is likely suitable for other nonmigratory, density-dependent species.

The cognitive mental functions give humans a particular advantage in terms of creative solution development. Humans are constantly engaging in a process of internal dialogue across a variety of subject areas. Mental distress may be at least partly remedied by verbalizing, understanding, and perhaps modifying the internal dialogue. In persons suffering from chronic dependency as well as anxiety and depression the described technique may be useful.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to describe and compare models of intensive care followup in Denmark, Norway and Sweden to help inform clinicians regarding the establishment and continuation of ICU aftercare programmes. Methods: Our study had a multi-centre comparative qualitative design with triangulation of sources, methods and investigators. We combined prospective data from semi-structured keyinformant telephone interviews and unreported data from a precursory investigation. Results: Four basic models of follow-up were identified representing nurse-led or multidisciplinary programmes with or without the provision of patient diaries. A conceptual model was constructed including a catalogue of interventions related to the illness trajectory. We identified three temporal areas for follow-up directed towards the past, present or future.

Leaching was performed to recover zinc from a zinc leach residue which contained 9.87% Zn and 4.93% Fe. During sulfuric acid leaching, Fe was dissolved as well as Zn which can reduce the Zn extraction efficiency. Leaching the residue in the presence of an oxidizing reagent such as hydrogen peroxide or manganese dioxide significantly reduced the iron content of the leach liquor. Effect of pH, temperature, solid/liquid ratio, reaction time and hydrogen peroxide or manganese dioxide concentration on the recovery of zinc and iron in non-oxidative and oxidative leaching conditions were investigated. By using the optimum oxidative leaching conditions, iron recovery reduced from 70% in non-oxidative leaching to 0.4 and 5% in the presence of MnO2 and H2O2, respectively, with acceptable Zn recovery. This reduction in the iron content was due to the different iron compounds formed at different conditions.

Effects of elastic compression during and after the Trail des Forts of Besançon a EA3920 marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires, plateforme exercice performance santé innovation, SFR FED 4234, université

Copper smelting slag is a solution of molten oxides created during the copper smelting and refining process, and about 1.5 million tons of copper slag are generated annually in Korea. The oxides in copper smelting slag include ferrous (FeO), ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3), silica (SiO 2 from flux), alumina (AI 2 O 3), calcia (CaO) and magnesia (MgO). The main oxides in copper slag, which are iron oxide and silica, exist in the form of fayalite (2FeO·SiO 2). Since copper smelting slag contains high content of iron, and copper and zinc, common applications of copper smelting slag can be used in value-added products such as abrasive tools, roofing granules, road-base construction, railroad ballast, fine aggregate in concrete, etc. Some studies have attempted to recover metal values from copper slag. This research was intended to recover ferrous alloy contained Cu, a raw material of zinc, from copper slag, and produce reformed slag such as blast furnace slag for Portland cement. As a result, it was confirmed that with reduction smelting by carbon at temperatures above 1400 • C, it is possible to recover pig iron containing copper from copper smelting slag, and the addition of CaO in reduction smelting helped to reduce iron oxide in the fayalite and change the chemical and mineralogical composition of the slag. The copper oxide in the slag can be easily reduced and dissolved in the molten pig iron, and zinc oxide is also reduced to a volatile zinc, which is removed from the furnace as fumes, by carbon during the reduction process. When CaO addition is above 5%, acid slag is completely transformed into calcium silicate slag and is observed to be like blast furnace slag.

The close interplay between mental health and physical health makes it critical to integrate mental and behavioral health considerations into all aspects of public health and medical disaster management. Therefore, the National Biodefense Science Board (NBSB) convened the Disaster Mental Health Subcommittee to assess the progress of the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in integrating mental and behavioral health into disaster and emergency preparedness and response activities. One vital opportunity to improve integration is the development of clear and directive national policy to firmly establish the role of mental and behavioral health as part of a unified public health and medical response to disasters. Integration of mental and behavioral health into disaster preparedness, response, and recovery requires it to be incorporated in assessments and services, addressed in education and training, and founded on and advanced through research. Integration must be supported in underlying policies and administration with clear lines of responsibility for formulating and implementing policy and practice.

Here I elaborate on the way that my research shows specifically now patient narratives can be a form of treatment when used in the right way. Using the example of depression, in this paper, I trace the growing recognition of the role patient narratives have in defining and shaping recovery from mental health problems. The rise of the user narrative presents specific challenges for professionals, and I will explore some key issues that users with depression are focusing on, including what they are asking of professionals. From the user perspective, some professionals are naturally good at detecting, eliciting, understanding and working with their stories, and I will discuss what engagement with narrative actually looks like for depression. A table summarises ways in which professionals can better engage with patient narratives. Finally, I will conclude with a short outline of how depression narratives have taken a specific social turn, incorporating discourses and strategies challenging the perceptions and attitudes of the public more widely as part of recovery.

I dette kapitel behandles to begreber der er blevet en del af det socialpædagogiske arbejdes vokabularium i løbet af de sidste 15 år: recovery og rehabilitering. Mens recovery-begrebet refererer til bruger-erfaringer, er rehabiliteringsbegrebet opstået i behandlingsverden. De to supplerer imidlertid hinanden.  Begge signalerer et opgør med tidligere tiders måder at gribe arbejdet med udsatte og psykisk sårbare mennesker an på. Som nedenstående indledende beskrivelse fra ”D” herunder viser, er det dog ingen selvfølge at det, der går under dække af at være recovery- og rehabiliteringsorienteret, i virkeligheden også er det. Det er ikke nyt, at indsatser for at afhjælpe udsathed og psykisk sårbarhed med tiden kommer til at virke modsat, så de holder folk fast i udsathed og sårbarhed, i stedet for at hjælpe dem ud af det. Når først tilgange og metoder institutionaliseres og bliver stærke, stivner de, og bliver mål i sig selv, fremfor fleksible, situationsfølsomme og også skrøbelige midler til at øge kvaliteten af de liv, der er afhængige af indsatsen.  Så længe socialpædagogik beskrives som et arbejdsfelt, knyttes det tæt op ad institutionaliserede rutiner, tilgange og fremgangsmåder. Men socialpædagogik er først og fremmest en tilgang, der bunder i en erkendelse af dynamikker mellem individer og fællesskaber og på en insisteren på værdien af såvel den personlige integritet som deltagelse i fællesskaber (Rothuizen & Harbo, 2017). Som tilgang er socialpædagogikken en kilde til permanent udviklingsarbejde og til en bekæmpelse af den institutionalisering der følger efter ethvert nybrud.  En stærk socialpædagogisk faglig bevidsthed kan dermed medvirke til, at recovery og rehabilitering bevares som betegnelser for værdibaserede indsatser, og ikke som betegnelser for faste fremgangsmåder

Celliant®, a clinically-proven performance technology uses the body’s natural energy to increase circulation and renew and repair cells while you sleep. Some of the world’s leading research institutions including the University of California Irvine, University of Calgary and UCI Long Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Center proved that Celliant® helps recovery after exercising and enhances the restorative effects of sleep.

There has been a growing awareness to see how important a reputation and track record is. The need to be positively acknowledged is understood by businessmen, moreover politicians. Consequently, personal public relation (PPR) is likely to be the new opportunity of business. Unfortunately, this privilege normally belongs to the financially powerful figures only. However, tricks and strategies are always available for the creative ones. Besides promoting one's positive potentials, a personal public relations program may function to recover people's negative reputation into a more positive one. This paper addresses the issue of personal image building efforts and how this is realized linguistically as expressions of promotional rhetoric.

Shared Decision Making has become paradigmatic in health care. By shared decision-making is meant that both the process and outcome of decisions about treatment options are shared between patient and provider. In mental health care it has very much been associated with the patient's recovery process. In the over-arching mental health policy framework that the UK government uses, recovery has been defined as: "A deeply personal, unique process of changing one's attitudes, values, feelings, goals, skills and/or roles. It is a way of living a satisfying, hopeful and contributing life, even with limitations caused by the illness. Recovery involves the development of new meaning and purpose in one's life." It is the task of the professional to facilitate this process by empowering the patient: enlarging the scope of his autonomy and self-direction, giving a person as much regime over his own life as possible and sharing the responsibility for decisions about treatment options. However, a dilemma looms up here if and when the patient and the professional have a different opinion on decisions that, according to the professional, may have the risk to land the patient in trouble: exacerbation of symptoms, increasing social exclusion, etc., but which the patient nevertheless wants and which he defends as his good right as an autonomous person.  Positive risk-taking aims at involving the person taking on new challenges leading to personal growth and development. This is an aspect of recovery-oriented care. When service users are denied this positive risk-taking then recovery is frustrated [1-6]. There is, we can say, a dignity of risks: without risks no challenges. The dilemma here is been discussed in this article

A highly sensitive, accurate and simple spectrophotometric method was established for determination of naproxen (NAP). The method involved ion-pair complex formation between naproxen and bromophenol blue (BPB). The colored product was measured at 432 nm. The reaction conditions were optimized. The absorbance was found to increase linearly with increase in concentration of NAP which was corroborated by correlation coefficient value. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1-110 µg mL -1 with molar absorptivity of 9.756×10 3 L mol -1 cm -1 . The limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) for the proposed method are 0.292 and 0.973 µg mL -1 , respectively. Recovery of the method was carried out by standard addition method. Recovery studies and statistical data proved the accuracy, reproducibility and the precision of the proposed method. The common excipients did not interfere in this analysis. Hence the method is useful for routine estimation of naproxen in pharmaceutical formulation and human serum samples.

From the back page:
  Is recovery possible?
  What if you or a loved one struggled from a mental health concern such as schizophrenia, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, or equally difficult issues such as low self-esteem and social stigma?
  Filled with personal stories, artworks, and poetry from people who have sought professional help, the Write to Recovery is a book about ordinary people and their extraordinary quests towards recovery from mental health concerns. Trusted mental health professionals also augment the powerful stories with insightful reflections.
  The Write to Recovery offers an earnest and personal reading experience and reaches out to those who would like to know more about how others find meaning and motivation in the process of healing.
  Most importantly, these personal contributions illustrate that recovery is indeed possible.


GO TO THIS URL TO DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE BOOK: http://darylchow.com/Daryl_Chow/Blog/wordpress/fullcircles/book-on-recovery/

The impact of an extraterrestrial body 65.5 Ma caused the so-called Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) event that resulted in a mass extinction and rapid changes in the surface environment on Earth. Here we report changes in land vegetation and oceanic redox across the K/Pg boundary at Caravaca, southeastern Spain, using biomarkers. The results reveal that the basal 3-mm-thick layer of the K/Pg boundary clay is marked by a rapid increase in the concentration of terrestrial long-chain n-alkanes and dibenzofuran, indicating the destruction of land vegetation and an increase in the supply of terrestrial organic matter into the marine environment during the deposition of the K/Pg boundary clay. This layer also records a rapid increase in the concentration of dibenzothiophenes, which indicates a change in redox conditions from oxic to anoxic/euxinic conditions in the intermediate water over the seafloor. The low-oxygen conditions could have been caused by an increase in the influx of terrestrial organic matter into the ocean. A rapid increase in the concentration of retene and retene/ cadalene occurred during the deposition of the upper part of the boundary clay 10 kyr after the mass extinction, indicating the recovery of conifers, which greatly decreased at the K/Pg boundary.