Urban Masterplanning

El presente documento corresponde a un Plan Maestro Urbano desarrollado por profesionales de las unidades de Medio Ambiente, Ornato y Asesoría Urbana de la Municipalidad de Coronel, cuyo objetivo central es la recuperación y puesta en valor del Humedal Boca Maule.

Green Infrastructure (GI) evaluation is reported to improve the sustainability of neighbourhood masterplans, but there has been little research examining the links between GI evaluation and masterplan decision-making. A study of six English masterplanned sites was carried out, with paired case studies reflecting three types of neighbourhood development (estate regeneration, urban infill, and rural-urban extension) to examine whether the sustainable neighbourhood standard, BREEAM Communities (BC), affected GI evaluation and masterplan decisions. In each of three pairs, one site had adopted BC and one had not. Strategy-as-Practice provided a conceptual framework to analyse 13 evaluative episodes, based on 48 interviews and public documents. The analysis revealed that GI-related recommendations were typically deprioritised at later masterplan stages, despite earlier decisions or the application of BC. Potential ways to enhance the embeddedness of GI evaluative practice include improving practitioners’ understanding of GI and increasing accountability at later masterplan stages, such as through sustainability reporting.

The meetings during the NAI Debates on Tour to Tehran provided a wealth of facts and figures about the Iranian capital. One of the meetings was about 'Tehran Analysis', with experts on the Tehran Masterplan presenting a comprehensive overview of the city's basic economic and social data, as well as a detailed insight into the urban development plans for the city. In the knowledge that Tehran's urban growth has been moving towards a neo-liberal and deregulated logic for almost two decades, and has recently experienced a renewed governmental intervention in the economy, I was very keen to discover how the new masterplan (dating from 2006) would respond to the current challenges and how its strategic guidelines will be enforced within Tehran's complex economic mechanisms and logic of growth. The Tehran metropolitan region has a population of about 13.2 million, Tehran city about 7.7 million. The prognosis for the next 20 years is that the population
will grow to 18 million in the metropolitan region and 9.2 million in the city proper.

Evaluative practice is described as an embedded part of urban design processes, where evaluation can establish, trace and refine design intentions. The assumption that evaluative practice may shape decision-making is also central to standardised evaluative frameworks, such as the UK sustainable neighbourhood masterplan standard, BREEAM Communities. There is a need to examine the relationships between evaluation, design and construction in real-world practice in order to better understand this concept of 'embedded evaluation', considering whether and how these relationships change in the transition from design to construction. Adopting an empirical lens of green infrastructure evaluation in masterplanning and an analytical framework of Strategy-as-Practice, the enactment of formal evaluative practices is examined. Using interviews, observations and document analysis, a single evaluative episode is presented, from a larger set of six UK case studies, to illustrate how different actors structure, enact and respond to evaluative practices. The analysis highlights dynamic relationships between different evaluation, design and construction practices. Four themes are identified that may affect these interactions: external drivers; agency and control; evaluative negotiation and reflexive response. Potential implications for green infrastructure evaluation and BREEAM Communities include the need to address dominant evaluative intentions, such as financial value, and to assign reflexive responsibility.

Charlestown Riverside holds huge potential to attract investment due to its location in Salford, North West England: one of Britain’s key growth areas. The aesthetic appeal of Charlestown Riverside’s waterfront and open spaces gives the area a unique edge. This report sets out by outlining findings from an in-depth Baseline Analysis previously conducted by Group 12 (see Annex A). The Baseline Analysis focusses on the physical attributes and fundamental issues present on the site. The Baseline Analysis then outlines three indicative visions for the development of the site which have the aim to meet the development needs of the Charlestown in different ways.

The organization and expansion of the Politecnico University campuses in Turin, has recently been one of the central theme of the debate on growth perspective in the city. The new needs of the university community, together with the serious problem of the lack of spaces, have questioned which spatial models could be adopted by the current campuses, opening up a new reflection on their role, also in relation to the urban and territorial context. In order to actively deal with the debate, the Governing University Bodies in 2016 promoted the creation of a project team, with the aim of defining strategies and policies of campuses’ transformation and growth, designing scenarios of expansion and orienting the optimization and qualification of the existing buildings. One year after the beginning of the project, the article aims to describe in summary some significant moments of the path towards a “Masterplan of the University”, especially investigating the methodologies integrated along the process – which is still underway.

In Italia la scelta di occuparsi dei cambiamenti climatici, nonostante l'estrema urgenza, non è ancora regolata da strumenti urbanistici definiti, e pertanto dipende in larga parte dalla sensibilità dei singoli enti territoriali. Proprio in virtù della mancanza di obblighi, sono pochissime le realtà che si sono dotate degli strumenti adatti a riorganizzare il territorio in base ai cambiamenti climatici. A ciò va aggiunto che le analisi ambientali vengono effettuate con dei dispositivi di rilevazione che spesso non ci consentono di ottenere informazioni dettagliate dal punto di vista spaziale. Eppure oggi abbiamo a disposizione: droni, sensori, scanner 3D e tutta una serie di strumentazioni ICT che ci consentirebbero di attingere dal nostro territorio moltissime informazioni. Basti pensare ai passi in avanti che sono stati compiuti nel campo dell'agricoltura da quando questi mezzi sono stati impiegati, tanto da parlare oggi di "agricoltura di precisione". E non solo la parte hardware, ma anche quella software si è potenziata, permettendoci di gestire ed elaborare moltissimi dati. Quali sono dunque le opportunità che questi nuovi dispositivi tecnologici ci mettono a disposizione nel campo dell'adattamento delle città ai cambiamenti climatici? Per rispondere a questa domanda il gruppo di ricerca sta continuando ad esplorare il concetto di "Progettazione Ambientale di Precisione", una metodologia finalizzata ad analizzare le condizioni ecologiche di porzioni contenute di città. In questo paper verrà esposto il lavoro in corso nella costruzione dei diversi aspetti metodologici. L'obiettivo è quello di condividere con la comunità scientifica un approccio innovativo, che impiega tecnologie come ICT e modelli computazionali per rispondere alle sfide ambientali contemporanee. Introduzione Il fenomeno globale dei cambiamenti climatici sta interessando le nostre città in misura sempre più rapida e impattante. La consapevolezza di dover agire attraverso misure di adattamento e, per quanto possibile, di mitigazione degli effetti, sta finalmente uscendo dai luoghi deputati alla ricerca scientifica per interessare le agende politiche degli stati di buona parte del pianeta.

Qual è il senso e il ruolo della progettazione urbana nel contesto del global change? La risposta a questo interrogativo è in parte contenuta in quelle esperienze che ne hanno maggiormente evidenziato la capacità di portare a sintesi, alle diverse scale, istanze sociali e ambientali, esigenze funzionali e materiali urbani eterogenei e talvolta confliggenti.
Sul piano teorico, il contributo recupera i concetti di capital design (Crane, 1960) e civic design (Scott Brown, 1990), proponendo di integrarli per identificare uno specifico ambito dell’urban design caratterizzato da una forte regia pubblica, che alla luce dei bisogni contemporanei (riassunti in quattro coppie di attributi-chiave della città: sostenibile-resiliente, green-healthy, vivibile-inclusiva, smart-creativa) possa costituire un paradigma progettuale a servizio di una nuova “urbanità responsabile”

Nowadays space is considered to be a net of connections between different areas. The questions how to delineate its character and how it is possible to objectively compare two spaces is a matter under consideration. This was the reason for creating new theories about the structure of space. Space syntax analysis (SSA) or simply Space Syntax defines a number of theories and research areas devoted to the analysis of space configuration. Ongoing research and observations of the configuration of spatial settlements and human behavior within in the past years has shown a close relationship between the physical structure of space and the quality of life of its inhabitants. SSA is used as an academic and commercial tool to analyze projects on an urban and building scale. It is a tool of sustainable development used to study movement of space users, crime in the city, antisocial behavior, economics and viability of service, transport or health behavior.

By now, in Rome, public buildings realized in the 1920-1940s, according to Italian heritage legislation, are becoming protected monuments and require conservation and restoration. The implementation of that, however, leads to a number of problems of very diverse nature; be both technical, social and cultural. This paper describes the basic features of protection and restoration of interwar heritage and analyses how they have been assessed and used both by the professional community and the general public.

India contributes 3% to the world GDP which also makes it the third-largest economy in the world. Out of which 81% of India’s economy is contributed by the informal sector. Viewing the informal economy playing a major role in urban informality, the major actors in the Indian context are streets, markets, squares and public spaces. Informality is a ubiquitous and growing occurrence in developing nations, yet planners fail to consider this phenomenon as a permanent spatial entity. Also, the influence from western planning practices which are derived from measurable entities feeds planners to ignore the social and cultural aspects of Indian cities. This approach does not only disregard the intangibles of Indian urbanism but also make people feel “not inclusive”. Even though the fields of social sciences and economics have useful research contributions towards informality in India, less or no research has been done on spatial conditions. This thesis staged into three sections focuses on street vending as a spatial implication on the urban fabric of Indian cities. The first section introducing high-density Indian markets through a historical narrative based on the morphology of the marketplace. The second section reviews and critiques the international, national and state policies in place and how they are conceived. This section also examines the planning approach by Gujarat State as a case study. The third section explores one of the examples of the high-density Indian markets, where street vending is dominant and informs policymakers and planners of the urgent need to amend the framework, followed by execution of an urban plan. Furthermore, this thesis will attempt to understand the urban elements (features) which allow the flow of informal activities in a neighbourhood, decoding the social, spatial and capital capacities of the major actors.

The fifteen-year period that came after the City Statute's approval was accompanied by the production of a series of studies on its impact on urban planning and management in Brazil. Despite the existing limitations, studies tend to envision a positive situation, with cumulative and incremental advancements. In this paper, we risk deconstructing this view by basing on empirical evidences that support the hypothesis that changes in order do not necessarily imply in content changes. In this context, this paper’s goal is to analyze the effectiveness limits of the Municipal Master Plan by conducting a case study in Curitiba (PR). The results point simultaneously to (I) a shift in how Master Plans are developed and (II) to an institutional inertia in the effective transformation of reality, keeping the primordial principle of the property’s and city’s social function merely as a rhetorical element.

In 2017, the Supreme Court of Pakistan took suo motu
notice of irregular development in Islamabad and
directed the government to find a solution for
regularizing these constructions. Later, Islamabad High Court in its judgment dated 9th July 2018 directed the government to form a commission to review the Islamabad Master Plan. Consequently, a commission was formed in August 2019 to review the master plan and give its recommendations1. The question arises, would another master plan revive Islamabad? We contextualize this discussion by delving into the history of the city.

Green Infrastructure (GI) evaluation is reported to improve the sustainability of neighbourhood masterplans, but there has been little research examining the links between GI evaluation and masterplan decision-making. A study of six English masterplanned sites was carried out, with paired case studies reflecting three types of neighbourhood development (estate regeneration, urban infill, and rural-urban extension) to examine whether the sustainable neighbourhood standard, BREEAM Communities (BC), affected GI evaluation and masterplan decisions. In each of three pairs, one site had adopted BC and one had not. Strategy-as-Practice provided a conceptual framework to analyse 13 evaluative episodes, based on 48 interviews and public documents. The analysis revealed that GI-related recommendations were typically deprioritised at later masterplan stages, despite earlier decisions or the application of BC. Potential ways to enhance the embeddedness of GI evaluative practice include improving practitioners' understanding of GI and increasing accountability at later masterplan stages, such as through sustainability reporting.

Digitalisierung verändert die Art und Weise wie Städte geplant werden. Technologische Neuerungen der KI und der Datenanalyse führen zu neuen Planungsstrategien und-prozessen, bei denen Architekt*innen und Planer*innen ihre Rolle im Zusammenspiel mit digitalen Werkzeugen immer wieder neu definieren müssen.