Transportation Systems Operation and Management

The need to secure information systems and networked infrastructures is now commonplace in most enterprises. The use of novel communication technologies has became a crucial factor that can considerably improve or affect productivity. This is essentially due to the importance of the information transmitted across communication networks and stored in servers. As a consequence, strong ties are being built between security and the enterprise business activity. Risk management, which is the discipline that deals with this aspect, integrates a litany of architectures, techniques, and models that are described in this paper. A global view is proposed to the reader through a presentation of the research activity that has been directed towards this field. sophisticated malicious acts. Such assertion is obviously wrong as the real weakness resides at the security planning level. Henceforth, structured methodologies that identify, analyse, and mitigate computer security risks have been evolved to help enterprises integrate security in their strategic plans. In fact, experience has shown that the appropriate application of a risk management (RM) approach would considerably limit the aforementioned losses.

The great challenge for designing and developing sustainable alternative energy infrastructure is in essence the same as for maintaining our present infrastructure: How can we best solve the problems of delivering energy when and where it is needed? This involves rethinking supply and demand, load balancing, and energy sourcing paradigms with a view toward local production utilizing next generation technologies. Exploiting distributed generation means designing hybrid systems based on site-specific conditions; using new technologies to leverage traditional energy sources; and minimizing transmission and distribution costs – particularly the losses associated with long-distance transmission. Load balancing in particular becomes far more tractable when viewed as a local problem of matching energy supply and demand. Looking at modern network technologies as the models for creating a new generation of energy delivery systems provides  insights into how local energy production systems can be scaled up to internetworked production systems that leverage alternative energy generation based on local and sustainable resources together with traditional large scale generation. As smart grid development advances, network theory and technology provides a new model for energy systems based on a multi-dimensional energy production network rather than the outmoded single-direction, source-to-consumption model we now have.

Pairing, or bunching, of vehicles on a public transportation line influences the adaptive choice at stops due to the random headways and waiting times it determines. In order to ensure consistency with the characteristics of service perturbations, as represented by a transit operation model, it is important to identify the headway distributions representing service perturbations. A stochastic simulation model is developed for a one-way transit line, which accounts for several service characteristics (dwell time at stops, capacity constraint and arrivals during the dwell time). Samples of headways at the main stops are utilized to build histograms of the headway’s frequencies by their length, which allow to identify the functional forms and parameters of the headway distributions. For these stops, density plots of consecutive headways are also produced. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to identify the effect of key parameters (dispatching headway, maximum load and running time).

የአዲስ አበባ - አዳማ የፍጥነት መንገድ የተገነባው አሽከርካሪዎች እየከፈሉ እንዲጠቀሙበት ነው፡፡ ይኸውም ተሽከርካሪዎች የፍጥነት መንገዱን መጠቀም ሲጀምሩ ከሚያገኙት ከፍተኛ የጉዞ ጊዜ እና የተሽከርካሪ ማንቀሳቀሻ ወጪ ቅናሽ የተወሰነውን እንዲከፍሉ በማድረግ ነው፡፡ ስለሆነም የፍጥነት መንገዱን ለሚጠቀሙ ተሽከርካሪዎች የአገልግሎት ክፍያ ተመን ማውጣት አስፈላጊ ሆኖ በመገኘቱ ይህ ጥናት ቀርቧል፡፡
በዚህ ጥናት የተሽከርካሪዎችን የአገልግሎት ክፍያ ተመን ለማውጣት ሁለት አማራጮች ቀርበዋል፡፡ አማራጭ አንድ የመንገዱን የግንባታ፣ የጥገና እና የስራ ማስኬጃ ወጪዎችን ማስመለስን ታሳቢ ያደረገ ሲሆን አማራጭ ሁለት ደግሞ አሽከርካሪዎች በፍጥነት መንገዱ በማሽከርከር የሚያገኙትን ጥቅም (Benefit) መሠረት በማድረግ ተሠልቷል፡፡

The need to secure information systems and networked infrastructures is now commonplace in most enterprises. The use of novel communication technologies has became a crucial factor that can considerably improve or affect productivity. This is essentially due to the importance of the information transmitted across communication networks and stored in servers. As a consequence, strong ties are being built between security and the enterprise business activity. Risk management, which is the discipline that deals with this aspect, integrates a litany of architectures, techniques, and models that are described in this paper. A global view is proposed to the reader through a presentation of the research activity that has been directed towards this field. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The purpose of the study is to understand food enterprises' perception toward the implementation of e-supply chain management technologies for the assurance of safety and preservation of quality for products in food supply chains which may positively influence consumer trust.

Unconventional public transportations are quiet different than ‎those which are conventional, as the navigation routes and path ‎finding algorithms may vary. In the case of mini buses in ‎Indonesia, the current navigation system especially online and ‎mobile-based have not been adequate. Therefore, this paper is ‎proposed to introduce an algorithm design that illustrates and ‎routes for a path based on best price and distance of an ‎unconventional public transportation specifically in suburban ‎areas‎

Technologies that link environment, public and planning can be used as tools to aid planning practice. This paper illustrates the potential implications of such tools for planners i.e. urban development, public, and local communities. The benefits and the shortcomings are described and summarized.

The current situation and potential for adapting such technologies in Serbia is explored, taking into accounts National development strategies, internet and e-government penetration, local initiatives and development.

Environmental concerns, security of fuel supply and CO 2 regulations are driving innovation in the automotive industry towards electric and hybrid electric vehicles. The fuel economy and emission performance of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) strongly depends on the energy management system (EMS). Prior knowledge of driving information could be used to enhance the performance of a HEV.

Urban transport and urban sustainability is now a major concern in today’s world. All the major cities around the world are trying to be more sustainable. With the passage of time the population increases and also the demand for public transport has been increased, which results in growth of automotive vehicles in Kolkata city which directly influences negative externalities of transport. Kolkata city is one of the cities in India which experiences rapid growth of automobile vehicles. The objective of this article is to find out the problems of Kolkata city because of the enormous growth of automobile vehicles. Side by side effort has been done to find out few strategies to minimize the problem. To find out the problems of Kolkata city remote sensing method and statistical techniques have been used. This study reveals that growth of automobile vehicles leads to increase in the temperature of Kolkata city, increased rate of pollution, creates traffic congestion etc.  Few policies like taxation, subsidies on public transport and increase in price in private vehicles can be applied to regulate the growth of automobile vehicles in Kolkata city. This type of study is very much helpful for the transport planning and management of an area. The techniques used in this study can also be applied in the other areas also. This research will throw a new light on the future research regarding transportation research and development.

The formulation of policies requires the selection and configuration of effective and acceptable courses of action to reach explicit goals. A one-size-fits-all policy is unlikely to achieve the desired goals; as a result, the identification of a suite of alternative policies, together with clear indications of their trade-offs, is crucial to accommodate the diversity of stakeholders’ preferences. At present, the formulation of transport policies is done manually; this fact, together with the size of the space of possible policies, results in a large part of that space being left unexplored. A six-step framework to explore the space of alternative transport policies in order to achieve environmental targets is proposed. The process starts with a user-defined set of specific policy measures, using them as building blocks in the generation of alternative policy packages, clusters and future images according to the user's preferences and goals.The analysis framework is based on the visioning and backcasting approach used in the VIBAT report [Banister, D., & Hickman, R. (2006a). Visioning and backcasting for UK transport policy (VIBAT) project. Department for Transport's Horizons Research Programme 2004/06. The Bartlett school of planning and Halcrow Group Ltd. Retrieved 1/18/2008 http://www.ucl.ac.uk/∼ucft696/vibat2.html]. The framework is being implemented as a prototype decision support system around a case study: the formulation and analysis of policies required to achieve CO2 emission targets for the transport sector in the UK. Important insights on how to develop the framework have also been elicited from engineering design. The goal is to accelerate the task of policy-making and improve the effectiveness of the resulting policies.The proposed method and computer implementation is fundamentally different from the tools commonly used in the transport sector and is intended to assist (not replace) transport policy makers, and complement (not substitute nor compete with) existing mathematical modelling tools. This research constitutes the first step towards the development of a general family of computer-based systems that support the design of policies to achieve environmental targets—not only for transport, but also for other sectors such as energy and water.

"The objective of this study is the improvement in speed and regularity of transit systems using real-time
control strategies, in particular, threshold-based and information-based vehicle holding. This objective is attained
by taking into account the inherent uncertainty of transit operation, because of the random travel times and
passenger arrivals at stops. A Monte Carlo simulation model of a single transit line is presented, with explicit
representation of traffic lights. Both the straightforward threshold-based holding strategy and the strategy
based on the availability of real-time information at stops, to take holding decision at single or multiple stops,
are represented and compared, taking as a reference the results obtained by a conditional priority strategy at
intersections, assumed to be given only by green extension actuated by local sensors. The results are
evaluated and compared using performance indicators, coincident with waiting and on board time of transit
users and with road traffic delay on transversal roads."

Abstract
The spare capacity in trucks are opportunity costs for the land transportation companies that own them. Using the travel data from Shalom International’s fleet of trucks between 1 October to 24 December 2015 (three-month period), our group aimed to study if there were ways which Shalom could leverage to tap on the growth opportunities presented by the proliferation of eCommerce, or more specifically, the need for last mile delivery services by utilising the company’s spare capacity within its fleet of trucks. This idea is also in-line with the sharing economy where resources can be allocated on a “need to” basis, rather than be tied to a single, exclusive user, i.e. the owner. By analysing: (i) the under-utilisation; and (ii) un-utilisation rate of the company’s trucks, our group found that the company’s fleet utilisation rate for (i) was the lowest on weekday afternoons between 1pm to 6pm, which the company could use to make eCommerce deliveries. Our group also looked into how Shalom could tap on its un-utilised trucks, mentioned in (ii), to generate more revenue through eCommerce last mile deliveries; or by leasing out its trucks, be it with accompanying drivers or not. Our group also examined the operational feasibility of implementing the recommended solutions by simulating the financials that Shalom should consider before implementing the proposed solutions/recommendations. Finally, our group also looked at a possible implementation timeline, highlighted potential business risks and examined how the proposed recommendations could also be scaled up beyond a single enterprise to also include other companies within the industry.


Keywords
Truck, Fleet, Spare Capacity, Sharing Economy, eCommerce, Last Mile Delivery, Sustainable Operating Model

One of the approaches gaining ground in policy design is the implementation of combinations of policy measures as policy packages with the aim of increasing efficiency and effectiveness of the designed policies. In this paper, we describe the recent advancements in the developments of a virtual environment for the exploration and analysis of policy packages. The virtual environment uses an agent-based modelling approach for the generation of different configurations of policy measures in the policy packages. The benefit of using the approach is the proactive and flexible generation of policy packages as the agents can react to the changes that occur and create packages that are more robust. The system allows faster examination of more alternatives, further exploration of the design space, and testing the effects of changes and uncertainties while formulating policies. The results demonstrate the benefit of using agent-based modelling approaches in the design of complex policies.

In South Africa, the integration of Non-Motorised Transport (NMT) facilities into spatial development and the streetscape has not yet received sufficient attention by the different spheres of government and their implementation agencies. Therefore, urban development and structure has significant deficiency with regard to the provision and quality of NMT infrastructure, facilities and services. As a further consequence, NMT users are at risk using the road network and pedestrian and cyclist fatalities, leading to a major proportion of the road casualties in South African cities, towns and villages. The authors' point of view is that the 'rhetorical' paradigm shift in the planning, implementation and operation of NMTrelevant infrastructure needs to be revolutionised. This is necessary to effect rapid change of the status quo in South Africa by practicably mobilise the proverbial "walk the talk".

The International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas

Existing monitoring systems for early warning are often monolithic systems that are very cost-intensive, considering installation as well as operational expenses. The joint project »Sensorbased Landslide Early Warning System« (SLEWS) deals with the develop- ment of a monitoring and early warning system for mass movements using low-cost sensors from industry in a wireless Ad-hoc, Multi- Hop sensor network. The self-organizing and self-administrating structure of such a system allows the setup of a very flexible sensor network, with independently working nodes due to their own energy supply. This allows the monitoring of larger areas, even in regions with low accessibility. Mikrosensors (MEMS) are used for tilt-, acceleration-, height- and elongation-measurements to observe surface deformation and gap opening. Due to fast data transfer, processing and visualization processes, it is possible to monitor and also to send warning-messages in real-time. The combination of sensor data (sensor fusion) allows to cross-check and to evaluate the sensor signals according to decision theory. This contributes essentially to the enhancement of data quality but also to the reduction false alarm rates.

The need to secure information systems and networked infrastructures is now commonplace in most enterprises. The use of novel communication technologies has became a crucial factor that can considerably improve or affect productivity. This is essentially due to the importance of the information transmitted across communication networks and stored in servers. As a consequence, strong ties are being built between security and the enterprise business activity. Risk management, which is the discipline that deals with this aspect, integrates a litany of architectures, techniques, and models that are described in this paper. A global view is proposed to the reader through a presentation of the research activity that has been directed towards this field. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

AIRCC's International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics (IJCI) is an open access-Computer Science Conference Proceedings series that welcomes nonprofit conferences* to publish their proceedings / post conference proceedings. This series intends to focus on publishing high quality papers to help the scientific community furthering our goal to preserve and disseminate scientific knowledge. Conference proceedings are accepted for publication in International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics (IJCI) based on peer-reviewed full papers and revised short papers that target international scientific community and latest Computer Science and Information Technology trends. Our mission is to provide the most valuable publication service.

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1.- 11th February. 15:00-17:00

Social Innovation & Territory:
Future of City-Regions’ challenges.

This lecturing is going to summarize the main conclusions of the City-Region / Euskal Hiria Congress 2012 that was held in Bilbao, Spain, in November 2012, with the participation of the academic Fredrik Björk and the practitioner Ulf Kyrling coming from Oresund to talk about CityRegions. Dr. Calzada will present the main challenges from the Social Innovation approach (Moulaert & Mulgan)  in the postcrisis era for any territory. He is carrying out his research as the continuation of his book (you can download it under CreativeCommons3.0 license at the Future of Cities Programme of the University of Oxford (UK) as a PostDoctoral Research Fellow. He also holds the Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science Fellow position.

At this lecture, he will focus his presentation on the CityRegion concept and its real challenges nowadays.

His interest to coming to Malmö quite often (he was in 2011) is due to the open collaboration with the University of Malmö in order to work in the Comparative Territorial Benchmarking project comparing Basque Country and Oresund as City-Regions.


2.- 12th February: 9:00-11:00
Social Innovation & (Social) Entrepreneurship:

Mondragon case.

The Social Innovation notion is quite popular right now. And even more Social Innovation always comes together with Social Entrepreneurship. We are going to ask what is Social Innovation and then we will try to link this with Social Entrepreneurship.

This lecture is going to be based on the recent chapter about “the Mondragon case” of Dr. Calzada in the International Handbook of Social Innovation by Edward Elgar coordinated by Frank Moulaert.

Mondragon case has been really researched in the last two decades as one of the well-known cooperative worldwide experience in the Basque Country, Spain. However, the globalization and the Postcrisis era are changing the dynamics and nature of the Mondragon reality.

Dr. Calzada will highlight 3 key factors from the Social Innovation:

(1) University & Coops interactions in the construction of Communitarian Social Capital: Link between Entrepeneurs & Companies (Bees&Trees Alliances)

Case1: LEINN.

(2) Territory as a source of PostGrowth/PostCrisis Innovation.

Case2: Orona IDEO Innovation City.

(3) Local&Global Communities: GloKal Communities.

Case3: Kunshan (China).

Recently The Guardian has citated his chapter in a broder article about an event that took place in Hub Islington in London.