Smart city innovations

Bangkok is the capital city of the Kingdom of Thailand. With a population of 9.8 million (2018), it is the largest city in Thailand. Bangkok forms the core of Bangkok Metropolitan Region, which has an estimated population of 15 million. Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) governs the city, and is supported by 50 districts that serve as its administrative subdivisions.

The ‘Development Plan for Bangkok Metropolis: 2013-2032’, among its seven strategies, includes one that aims at building ‘Bangkok as a green and convenient city.’ The Bangkok Comprehensive Plan 2013 (B.E.2556), initiated as a guideline for developing Bangkok, among its five ‘visions’, includes one vision for Bangkok as ‘a healthy metropolis that promotes conservation of natural environment.’

Within this institutional as well as urban policy and planning context, the Smart Environment for Smart Cities research project for Bangkok megacity focuses on three urban environmental issues as follows:

(1) Solid Waste Recycling
(2) Wastewater Treatment
(3) Community Spirit and Smart Neighbourhood Environment

Ce working paper présente une contextualisation du concept smart city au Maroc. Il se base sur une revue de littérature internationale et comparée, sur des cas intégrant des composantes de smart cities au Maroc et sur un large focus group avec différentes parties prenantes locales. Partant de là, il questionne la conception de la smart city, ses dimensions et ses caractéristiques. Il met au centre de la réflexion la DATA, la technologie, l’humain, l’inclusion, la durabilité, l’innovation et l’entrepreneuriat. Il apporte des réponses quant aux variables clés à prendre en compte dans le cadre d’une étude de terrain sur la smart city dans le contexte marocain et éventuellement africain.

This study explores the transformation of a city government led by a 311 program, which provides a consolidated channel for non-emergency services and information. The paper first discusses the concept of " smart city " as a foundation for the examination of the 311 non-emergency contact program as a practice of government innovation , and then presents the details of the 311 program as instantiated in the City of Philadelphia. In-depth interviews with Philadelphia City government officials and managers responsible for creating and operating the City's 311 non-emergency contact program (Philly311) offer practical insights into the contributions the program is making to a more efficient, effective, transparent, and collaborative city government.

Solution-optimized smart cities that are focused on improving cross-city services, transportation management systems and energy use are now having a tangible and positive effect on city-based quality of life. There are many components of a smart city. The components include smart infrastructure, smart buildings, smart transportation, smart energy, smart health care, smart technology, smart governance, smart education, and smart citizens. Different smart cities have different levels of these smart components, depending on their focus.

Amidst rapid urban development, sustainable transportation solutions are required to meet the increasing demands for mobility whilst mitigating the potentially negative social, economic, and environmental impacts. This study analyses autonomous vehicles (AVs) as a potential transportation solution for smart and sustainable development. We identified privacy and cybersecurity risks of AVs as crucial to the development of smart and sustainable cities and examined the steps taken by governments around the world to address these risks. We highlight the literature that supports why AVs are essential for smart and sustainable development. We then identify the aspects of privacy and cybersecurity in AVs that are important for smart and sustainable development. Lastly, we review the efforts taken by the ​federal government in the US, the UK, China, Australia, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Germany, France, and the EU, and by US state governments to address AV-related privacy and cybersecurity risks in-depth. Overall, the actions taken by governments to address privacy risks are mainly in the form of regulations or voluntary guidelines. To address cybersecurity risks, governments have mostly resorted to regulations that are not specific to AVs and are conducting research and fostering research collaborations with the private sector.

The world's urban population is expected to be proliferated due to raised use of energy, increased air pollution, increasing traffic in urban areas, increasing usage of food, and reduced food production. There are numerous available solutions in this field that achieving to smart cities is one the furthermost effective ways smart city is the one that has improved ICT infrastructure as versatile, reliable, changeable, accessible, safe and flexible one and thus has enhanced the quality of life of citizens, health of citizens, has achieved remarkable economic growth , it is stable, has developed physical infrastructure-based services, has straighten the prevention and management of natural and human disasters and has realized moderation in law fulfilment via governmental, political and participatory processes mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to identify challenges in order to realization of smart cities and to identify challenges after its creation. This research is narrative review that is Type of methodological approach and Status quo review that is sort of objective. In this investigation challenges has identified and analyzed via analysis of available data in this regard; consequently, challenges are classified according to challenges before creation of smart city and challenges afterward. Finally challenges such as: infrastructure challenges, economic challenge, management challenge, and challenge of integration between sciences, technology and theory in advance and challenges such as cultural challenge, technology trap challenge, and educational challenges after achievement have been extracted.

A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a tool which enables the creation, management,
visualization and analysis of geographical data. As such, it is a natural choice for monitoring
and supporting of geospatial processes such as urban development. In this aspect, GIS may be
used either in a direct manner (as means for mapping observed phenomena), or as a
modelling tool applicable to forecasting of future events. The former may be illustrated eg. by
the case of monitoring the health of urban greenery. Vegetation in cities provides recreational,
social, cultural and health functions. Therefore, in order to create suitable living conditions for
citizens it is necessary to ensure its proper functioning. The most significant detriments to
urban greenery health are caused by pests. They cause plant weakness, allow pathogenic
microorganisms to penetrate tissues and also contribute to the loss of the important
decorative function of urban greenery. Research has shown that insect predators and
parasitoids are a significant factor in limiting the existence of pests. These beneficial
organisms play an important role in urban environment, in particular because they enable the
removal of plant pests without use of chemical protection treatments. One of the case studies
presented in this book applies GIS to collection and visualization of information on the
occurrence and species composition of pests and beneficial insects. The GIS is then used to
perform correlation analysis between these data and information about the environmental
conditions of the researched area.

ABSTRACT: This paper explores the subtle notion of #unplugging to critically analyze the technological determinism of the Smart City. This exploration suggests that being digitally connected should not be perceived as gaining social capital. This revision critiques assumptions of the Smart City, proposing a conceptual ten-dimension framework. The first part of this article explores the context of hyper-connected societies and how unplugging could be beneficial. The main subjects, described as Digital Natives, are discussed in the second part. The third section is a decalogue on deconstructing the Smart City, and the final section presents key ideas and questions for future analysis. 

KEYWORDS: Unplugging, Social Innovation, Smart City, Hyper-connected Societies, Digital & Social Divide.

Against the backdrop of the current hyperconnected and highly virialised post-COVID-19 societies, we, ‘pandemic citizens’, wherever we are located now, have already become tiny chips inside an algorithmic giant system that nobody really understands. Furthermore, over the last decade, the increasing propagation of sensors and data collections machines and data collections machines in the so-called Smart Cities by both the public and the private sector has created democratic challenges around AI, surveillance capitalism, and protecting citizens’ digital rights to privacy and ownership. Consequently, the demise of democracy is clearly already one of the biggest policy challenges of our time, and the undermining of citizens’ digital rights is part of this issue, particularly when many ‘pandemic citizens’ will likely be unemployed during the COVID-19 crisis. Amidst the AI-driven algorithmic disruption and surveillance capitalism, this book review sheds light on the way citizens take control of the Smart City, and not viceversa, by revolving around the new book entitled Smart City Citizenship recently published by Elsevier. The book review introduces nine key ideas including how to (1) deconstruct, (2) unplug, (3) decipher, (4) democratise, (5) replicate, (6) devolve, (7) commonise, (8) protect, and (9) reset Smart City Citizenship.

"Akıllı" olması planlanan yerleşmelerde fiziki altyapı kadar yazılım ve yönetim altyapısı da hayati önem taşımaktadır. Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi uygulamaları, özünde geniş çaplı verileri, mekansal analizlerle yönetilebilir ve ölçeklenebilir hale getirecek şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Öte yandan karar verici kurum ve kuruluşların, çoğunlukla lisanslı yazılımlar ve bu yazılımların gereksinimleri doğrultusunda çalışmalarını şekillendirdiklerini görüyoruz. Lisanslı Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi yazılımları ve bileşenleri kullanmak durumunda kalan kurumlar lisans maliyetlerini karşıladığı sürece mekansal verilerin gücüne hâkim olabilmektedir. Bunun bedeli olarak sabit cihazlardan, sınırlı iş gücü ile güncellenen mekansal veri tabanları doğmaktadır. Bu durum sadece kurumlar arası veri iletişimsizliğine değil, aynı zamanda kurum içi birimlerin bile veri kopukluklarına sebep olmaktadır. Akıllı şehir ve akıllı kırsal bölgelerin hayata geçirilebilmesi için kolaylıkla güncellenebilen mekansal veri altyapısının tesis edilmesine her geçen gün daha çok ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yukarıda saydığımız bu gereksinimlere cevap vermesi için Ar-Ge çalışmaları sürdürülen Mekansal Bulut sistemi; lisanslı ve açık kaynak kodlu yazılımlar arasında köprü olabilecek, yerel yönetimler başta olmak üzere pek çok karar verici kurumun Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri imkanlarından ekonomik bir şekilde faydalanabilmesi için üretilen bir mekansal veri altyapı projesidir. Projemizin amacı, yerli sermayenin yurt içinde kalarak akıllı şehir ve kırsal projelerine geçiş sürecinde mekansal veri altyapısını tesis etmektir. Bu çalışmamızda Mekansal Bulut sisteminin çekirdek yazılım mimarisi ortaya koyulacak ve akıllı çözümlere nasıl veri altyapısı sağlayabileceği irdelenecektir.

The software infrastructure and management infrastructure are as vital as psychical infrastructure for the settlements which have planned to be "smart" with these developments. The Geographic Information System has designed to make scalable and manageable the extensive datum with spatial analysis. On the other hand, we determine that decision-makers are commonly planning their works according to licensed software requirements. The establishments which use licensed Geographic Information System software and its components can control spatial data's power as long as bear the cost. As a result, spatial databases occurred which have updated by limited human source. This situation not only causes to occur inter-establishment disconnection, but it also causes intra-establishment data coordination issues. The easily updateable spatial data infrastructure is getting more required for actualizing smart cities and smart rural settlements every passing day. The Mekansal Bulut system has been developing with R&D studies to be a solution for issues that we mentioned above. This core system is a spatial data infrastructure designed to be a bridge between licensed and open-source Geographic Information System solutions. So especially municipal corporations and decision-maker establishments can utilize Geographic Information System abilities economically. The primary purpose of our project is to establish native spatial data infrastructure and reduce the importation of Geographic Information System software through the transition process to smart cities and rural areas. We are going to mention the architecture of Mekansal Bulut core system and how to provide spatial data infrastructure for smart solutions.

Electronic government or e-government project failure has been widely discussed in the literature. Some of the common reasons cited for project failure are design-reality gaps, ineffective project management and unrealistic planning. Research shows that more than half of e-government projects result in total or partial failures with regard to the initially grounded standards, scheduling or budgeting plans, while even more fail to meet end users' expectations. This paper focuses on the factors that lead to e-government project failures. It explores the context of project failure and investigates the launch of the U.S. Healthcare.gov website. This case is concerned with a highly public e-government project failure where gaps between political agendas and planning are identified through an examination of media sources and social media data analysis of Twitter discussions. The finding of the analysis indicates that e-government users react against failures, while e-government projects will impact and attract opinion makers' attention that influence audience behavior. This research provides classifications of e-government project failure reasons and sources. Moreover, another contribution is the beginnings of a typology for social media activity against e-government project failures.