RCA

Substantial cognitive skills such reading, writing and learning are dismantled and deformed to suit the nonlinear experience of a digital text that is developed on and transmitted by singular medium — device’s screen. The textuality within digital media urges for new ways of information reproduction, dissemination and consumption. Methods that, simultaneously are dealing with the burden of information overload and the limitations inherited from previous typographic media.

The advent of new typographic standard — OpenType Font Variations appears as a necessary consequence and a natural drive towards a redefinition of digital typography.

The relevance of this study is to speculate about conceptual possibilities that arise, not realistic promises and the implicit theoretical understanding of the processes that are collaterally intertwined.

L’Autore, compiuta una breve sintesi della ‘‘parabola’’ dell’efficacia riflessa del giudicato, ripercorre gli opposti orientamenti della giurisprudenza di legittimità sulla opponibilità del giudicato di condanna nei confronti del danneggiante alla compagnia assicurativa che non ha preso parte al giudizio tra il primo e il danneggiato. Si sofferma, in particolare, sulla soluzione elaborata con la presente decisione, che privilegia l’orientamento (sinora minoritario) secondo cui il giudicato non può essere opposto all’assicuratore rimasto estraneo al giudizio e può, invece, valere come prova documentale nella causa successivamente instaurata tra danneggiato e assicuratore. Ragiona, infine, sulla qualificazione di obbligazione solidale tra assicurato ed assicuratore in ambito R.C. Auto e sulla portata della disposizione dell’art. 1306 c.c., prospettando alcuni possibili sviluppi interpretativi.

RCA is an effective technique for solving production-related problems and used for distinguishing the root causes of significant problems. The present study is conducted to find the root causes of the faulty production line in the automobile industry in Bangladesh that resulted in poor productivity rate and low product quality. Significant QC tools such as Check sheet, Histogram, Pareto diagram, and Cause and Effect diagram are used to collect data and make the analysis to eliminate the defects during the production of Pajero Sport QX automobiles. The outcomes identified that by using Root Cause Analysis (RCA) method, the production line defects can be reduced by about 56.66% on average along with better product quality and productivity.The analysis demonstrated that the procedures can be employed in the automobile assembly plant to mitigate/reduce the faults, in the prioritizing manner. This article presents insight into the possible arisen causes of the faulty production line in an automobile assembly plant and the way to minimize those.

El Justo a Tiempo o JIT (Just in Time por sus siglas en inglés) es un sistema de producción basado en el manejo de inventarios o stock tendiente a cero;la optimización de las logísticas de entrega de suministros por parte de los proveedores;obtención de eficacia en tiempos y movimientos de operarios y máquinas;todo lo cual redunda en ahorro de recursos y por tanto en mayor productividad para las empresas.

BACKGROUND: Fishbone diagrams have been widely promoted as a systems-focused hazard analysis tool for use in root cause analysis, but they suffer from a number of structural weaknesses, including a unidirectional structure that only takes into account forces that promote an accident (ignoring those that make the accident less likely or less severe) and a means of displaying these forces that does not convey any difference in strength of influence. In a separate but related issue, many healthcare organizations suffer from a lack of change management expertise.

PROPOSED SOLUTION: To address these concerns, I present a novel technique, the Lovebug diagram, which draws from both Fishbone diagrams and force-field analysis (an approach to analyzing planned change). This new technique adds value to both its progenitor methods, while retaining their key strengths and ease of use. It can be used both prospectively, to assess planned changes, and retrospectively to assess unplanned (accidental) departures from the status quo.

DISCUSSION: The Lovebug diagram is a more powerful analytical tool than its progenitor methods; however, overall adoption of systems-focused tools for root cause analysis remains suboptimal. Additional research is needed to determine how best to promote a truly systems-focused approach to healthcare root cause analysis. Beyond this retrospective use of the technique, it represents a simple tool to assist healthcare organizations with prospective change management.

Available from: http://cri.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/10/25/1356262213510855.abstract

Excerpts:
"The ‘5 whys’ technique is one of the most widely taught approaches to root-cause analysis (RCA) in healthcare. Its use is promoted by the WHO,1 the English National Health Service, [2] the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, [3] the Joint Commission [4] and many other organisations in the field of healthcare quality and safety. Like most such tools, though, its popularity is not the result of any evidence that it is effective. [5–8]"
....
"But the real problem with ‘5 whys’ is not how it is used in RCA, but rather that it so grossly oversimplifies the process of problem exploration that it should not be used at all. It forces users down a single analytical pathway for any given problem,[13] insists on a single root cause as the target for solutions [9 ,13 ,20] and assumes that the most distal link on the causal pathway (the fifth ‘why’) is inherently the most effective and efficient place to intervene."

Motivations for adopting recycled concrete as an aggregate source include the preservation of natural resources, effective utilization of a growing waste stream, and financial and energy savings. Although current New Zealand practices include some use of crushed concrete in road construction, use of recycled concrete aggregate ͑RCA͒ in low specification concrete is currently infrequent and the use of recycled concrete as an aggregate source in structural concrete applications is rare. To make such recycling feasible, the properties of RCA must be related to the properties of new concrete that utilizes the recycled aggregates. In response to this need, a study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of using RCA as a viable alternative to natural aggregate ͑NA͒ in the production of concrete manufactured in a conventional New Zealand ready mix concrete plant. Aggregate properties and hardened and fresh concrete properties of RCA concrete were studied and compared with the associated properties derived from NA concrete. Results indicated that RCA is a viable alternative to NA in the production of concrete. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the properties of RCA dictate the hardened properties of the reconstituted concrete and that RCA from certain strength placements limited the resulting possible strengths of concrete produced from it.

A complex digital circuit comprises of adder as a basic unit. The performance of the circuit depends on the design of this basic adder unit. The speed of operation of a circuit is one of the important performance criteria of many digital circuits which ultimately depends on the delay of the basic adder unit. Many research works have been devoted in improving the delay of the adder circuit. In this paper we have proposed an improved carry increment adder (CIA) that improves the delay performance of the circuit. The improvement is achieved by incorporating carry look adder (CLA) in the design of CIA contrary to the previous design of CIA that employs ripple carry adder (RCA). A simulation study is carried out for comparative analysis. The coding is done in Verilog hardware description language (HDL) and the simulation is carried out in Xilinx ISE 13.1 environment.

Root cause analysis is perhaps the most widely used tool in healthcare risk management, but does it actually lead to successful risk control? Are there categories of risk control that are more likely to be effective? And do healthcare risk managers have the tools they need to support the risk control process? This systematic review examines how the healthcare sector translates risk analysis to risk control action plans and examines how to do better. It suggests that the hierarchy of risk controls should inform risk control action planning and that new tools should be developed to improve the risk control process.

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Wiley's copyright policies do not allow me to post the published version of the paper, but they do allow me to send out individual copies. So if you don't have access to the Journal of Healthcare Risk Management and would like a copy of this article, please email me at:
alan [dot] j [dot] card [at] gmail [dot] com

In this study a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted according to a ‘cradle-to-laid’ approach to evaluate the potential environmental impacts related to the use of recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) as a partial replacement of coarse natural aggregates in the production of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). Specifically, three percentages of RCA replacements were analyzed: 15, 30 and 45%. Primary data collected mainly through surveys performed in Colombian contractors from the region of Barranquila were used to model the foreground system. The SimaPro 8.4.0 software was used for modelling the processes analyzed in the case study and all the life cycle inputs and outputs related to the functional unit were characterised during life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) phase into potential impacts according to the TRACI v.2.1 impact assessment methodology. The results of the case study showed that the mixtures incorporating 15 and 30% of RCA can be considered as eco-friendly alternatives to the conventional mixture (i.e. no RCA content), as both allow reductions in all impact categories scores. On the contrary, the mixture that contains 45% of RCA denoted a lower environmental performance than that of the conventional mixture

In this paper, GDI technique implementation of modified Carry Select Adder is presented for the low power applications. The proposed Carry Select Adder can be used RCA using GDI and same size of BEC (binary to excess-1) and Multiplexer. Simulation is performed in T-SPICE using 45nm technology parameters. The results have been compared with 16-bit Regular SQRT-CSA BK using BEC and proposed 16-bit CSA using GDI technique. The performance of the designs is compared in terms of area, power and delay. Comparative analysis shows that the proposed CSA using GDI technique has reduced area and consumes less power.

Root cause analysis is perhaps the most widely used tool in healthcare risk management, but does it actually lead to successful risk control? Are there categories of risk control that are more likely to be effective? And do healthcare risk managers have the tools they need to support the risk control process? This systematic review examines how the healthcare sector translates risk analysis to risk control action plans and examines how to do better. It suggests that the hierarchy of risk controls should inform risk control action planning and that new tools should be developed to improve the risk control process.

Adders are the basic building blocks in digital integrated circuit based designs. Ripple Carry Adders (RCA) are usually preferred for addition of two multi-bit numbers as these RCAs offer fast design time among all types of adders. However, RCAs are slowest adders as every full adder must wait till the carry is generated from previous full adder. On the other hand, Carry Look Ahead (CLA) adders are faster adders, but they required more area. The Carry Select Adder(CSLA) is a compromise on between the RCA and CLA in term of area and delay. This paper presents High Speed Carry Select Adder by replacing Ripple Carry Adder with Kogge-Stone(KSA) Parallel Prefix Adder. Based on this modification 8, 16, 32 and 64-bit High-Speed Proposed Carry Select Adder (PCSLA) architectures have been developed and compared with the Regular and Modified CSLA architectures in Uniform and Variable Block Size. This work estimates the performance of the proposed designs in terms of Maximum combinational delay, Logic delay and Routing delay which are designed and implemented in Xilinx ISE tool.

PT. TSW (Tuban Steel Work) is a company engaged in manufacturing fabricated (make to order) with the commitment and the goal of providing effective services, convenient and timely delivery. But in fact, the company's commitment to the purpose can not be achieved that delays the project completion time is not in accordance with the order due date. Based on the observations made in the study, this is due to some events that can not add value or called by the waste (non-value added). This study aims to identify waste, analysis of contributing factors and recommendations for improvement as the system improvement efforts in creating customer value. By using the concept of lean manufacturing this study begins by describing the current state map and weighting of the waste system, waste weights were analyzed by matrix VALSAT used to identify waste in the system, to analyze the causes of waste by fishbone diagram to illustrate the root cause of waste and failures mode system analysis using failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to determine the value of risk priority number (RPN) of the potential causes and potential effects of waste that occurs. The results showed that the waste that occurs is that there are waiting on purchasing activities (supplier), marking-up cutting and fit-up welding. From the discussion, the company recommended improving information systems internal-external (supplier) as well as improvements in the fabrication process activities.

Demand of herbal medicine is mounting in world, the best effort required in order to make medicinal plant more interested. The purpose of this observation is competitiveness empirically, how that occurs between countries in the world on the provision of export products and also to analyze the affecting factors of export demand for medicinal plants to the destinations country. The methodology of analysis used is the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamics (EPD) and the Gravity Model. The time period studied was an average of 2003 until 2012. The conclution are Indonesia has a good competitiveness of the commodity turmeric and gaharu wood when compared with competitor countries based on the analysis of EPD with RCA and competitive position "Lost Oppportunity". The results of the estimation of the largest factors affecting demand for medicinal plants are Real GDP, Real Exchange Rate, Population and Economic Distance based analysis of gravity models and all variables significantly influence the dependent variable and have associated with the hypothesis .

Low power design of VLSI circuits has been identified as vital technology in battery powered portable electronic devices and signal processing applications such as Digital Signal Processors (DSP). Multiplier has an important role in the DSPs. Without degrading the performance of the processor, low power parallel multipliers are needed to be design. Bypassing is the widely used technique in the DSPs when the input operand of the multiplier is zero. A Row based Bypassing Multiplier with compressor at the final addition of the ripple carry adder (RCA) is designed to focus on low power and high speed. The proposed bypassing multiplier with compressor shows high performance and energy efficiency than Kuo multiplier with Carry Save Adder (CSA) at the final RCA.

Risk assessment is widely used to improve patient safety, but healthcare workers are not trained to design robust solutions to the risks they uncover. This leads to an overreliance on the weakest category of risk control recommendations: administrative controls. Increasing the proportion of non-administrative risk control options (NARCOs) generated would enable (though not ensure) the adoption of more robust solutions. Experimentally assess a method for generating stronger risk controls: The Generating Options for Active Risk Control (GO-ARC) Technique. Participants generated risk control options in response to two patient safety scenarios. Scenario 1 (baseline): All participants used current practice (unstructured brainstorming). Scenario 2: Control group used current practice; intervention group used the GO-ARC Technique. To control for individual differences between participants, analysis focused on the change in the proportion of NARCOs for each group. Proportion of NARCOs decre...

Awarded RCA Fund Scholarship for MA in Critical Writing in Art and Design at The Royal College of Art, 2015.

Awarded Writing Prize for Final Major Project 'Ethical Portraits'

Abstract:

The representations of individuals within penological structures are intrinsically linked to how ‘criminals’ are portrayed, perceived and have their selfhood removed by these frameworks. Conceptually Ethical Portraits considers the function of autonomy, agency and empowerment for the incarcerated, and questions the ethical duty of representation by the artist implicated in and by their depiction. What does it mean for these subjects who are detained to be represented and assert their identity when marginalised within the prison industrial complex? How do ‘criminals’ and non criminals exhibit this loss of agency via modes of artistic freedom?

Conducted through interviews with Alicia Neal (Chelsea Manning portrait artist) Priscilla Coleman (Courtroom artist), Alyse Emdur (Prison Landscapes Author) and Andrew Tider and Jeff Greenspan (Captured Project) Ethical Portraits considers the representations of individuals through the lens of Visibility, Empathy, Accountability and Freedom. As political advocates, and depictions within the criminal justice system, these artists influence and control the societal perception of ‘criminality’ and the implementation of how portraiture functions within this the context of justice and the carceral system. It is my contention through acts of care, via the written form we can create new knowledge systems to disrupt such systems of representational violence, gesturing towards renewed definitions of selfhood.

Western Australia's housing sector is growing rapidly and around half a million houses are expected to be built by 2030, which not only will result in increased energy and resources demand but will have socioeconomic impacts. Majority of Western Australians live in detached houses made of energy intensive clay bricks, which have a high potential to generate construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Therefore, there is a need to look into the use of alternative materials and construction methods. Due to Western Australia's temperate climate, concrete could not only offer a comfortable living space but an operational energy saving also can be achieved. This paper has assessed the global warming implications of cast in-situ concrete sandwich wall system as an alternative to clay brick walls (CBW) with partial replacement of cement in concrete with by-products such as fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), natural aggregate (NA) with recycled crushed aggregate (RCA), natural sand (NS) with manufactured sand (MS) and, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foam core as a replacement to polystyrene core for construction of a typical 4ˆ2ˆ2 detached house in Perth. Life cycle management (LCM) approach has been used to determine global warming reduction benefits due to the use of available by-products and recycled materials in Western Australian houses.

The first part of the module is related with RAMS Engineering, explain basics about Reliability including definitions of main functions (Failure, Reliability Time to Failure probability density function, and Failure Ratio), failures behavior curves and life data analysis mainly by Exponential Distribution and Weibull Distribution; indicators as Mean Time Between Failures MTBF, and reliability of systems by Reliability Block Diagrams RBD. The chapter includes a Case Study about data analysis.

Then the module explains topics about Maintainability, defining functions (Maintainability, Time to Repair probability density function, and Repair Rate), performance indicators as Mean Time To Repair MTTR and Maximum Time to Repair, and time data analysis by Log-Normal Distribution. The course includes a Case Study by Lego.

And the Module explains basics about Availability, linking reliability and maintainability, defining Achieved Availability, Intrinsic Availability, Instantaneous Availability, Mission Availability, and Steady State Availability; indicators as Maintenance Time ratio and availability of systems.

The second part is related with Risk assessment and includes a review of ISO 31000 and API 691 standards, and basics of both quantitative and qualitative Risk AssessmentCause & Consequences, Failure modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Event Tree Analysis (ETA), Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) and safety integrity Level (SIL). The course finnish explaining FRACAS processes based in Root Cause Analysis (RCA).

Motivations for adopting recycled concrete as an aggregate source include the preservation of 8 natural resources, effective utilization of a growing waste stream, and financial and energy 9 savings. Although current New Zealand practices include some use of crushed concrete in 10 road construction, use of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) in low specification concrete 11 is currently infrequent and the use of recycled concrete as an aggregate source in structural 12 concrete applications is rare. To make such recycling feasible, the properties of RCA must 13 be related to the properties of new concrete that utilizes the recycled aggregates. In response 14 to this need, a study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of using RCA as a viable 15 alternative to Natural Aggregate (NA) in the production of concrete manufactured in a 16 conventional New Zealand ready mix concrete plant. Aggregate properties and hardened and 17 fresh concrete properties of recycled concrete were studied and compared with the associated 18 properties derived from NA concrete. Results indicated that RCA is a viable alternative to 19 NA in the production of concrete. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the properties of RCA 20 dictate the hardened properties of the reconstituted concrete and that RCA from certain 21 strength placements limited the resulting possible strengths of concrete produced from it.

American television was officially introduced at the 1939 New York World's Fair with a speech by David Sarnoff, president of the Radio Corporation of America (RCA).  This article summarises the historical events in and around the introduction, emphasising the architecture of the RCA building, its interiors and exhibits, and the designer television sets introduced there.