Descriptive Analysis

Terdapat kencenderungan bahwa topik skripsi mahasiswa pada program studi Informatika, Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas kurang beragam. Hal ini terlihat dari berulangnya topik-topik skripsi yang diambil mahasiswa dari semester ke semester. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran deskriptif laporan skripsi mahasiswa pada program studi Informatika, Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas. Untuk memperoleh gambaran deskriptif yang lengkap, digunakan teknik Systematic Literature Review sebagai alat analisisnya. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi bagi program studi untuk menyusun topic topic-topik skripsi yang lebih beragam. Penelitian ini direncanakan akan dimulai bulan Oktober 2016 hingga Januari 2017.

Kata kunci: laporan skripsi, systematic literature review

Corporate social responsibility activities can generate many forms of competitive advantage. Employer attractiveness, among others, is one them. Simultaneously, the global talent shortage and the national labor market dynamics render talent attraction a big challenge for organizations in Egypt. The relationship between corporate social responsibility and employer attractiveness was neither tested in Egypt, nor moderated by the individual's income. The main motivation behind this study is to close these gaps. For this purpose, the conceptual framework proposes that there is a positive relationship between corporate social responsibility and employer attractiveness, and that this relationship is moderated by the individual's income. The study was conducted at a private university in Cairo. Masters of business administration students were surveyed using non-probability convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using one-way and two-way Analysis of Variance. Findings indicate that there is a strong positive relationship between socially responsible organizations and their attractiveness as employers. Supporting Carroll's 1979 framework of the relative importance of corporate social responsibility dimensions, the economic responsibility has the highest effect on employer attractiveness, followed by the legal responsibility, and then the discretionary one. Results also show that the individual's income does not moderate the relationship. These findings act as a valuable guide for human resources practitioners on how to develop an effective employer branding strategy.

Flash profile is a quick sensory profiling technique designed to meet industrial needs. It is based on the combination of free choice profiling and a comparative evaluation of the whole product set. This study aimed at comparing Flash profile with conventional profiling. This has been done with two product spaces: strawberry blended yoghurts and apricot ''fromages frais'', both from the French market. Multidimensional data treatment such as Generalised Procrustes Analysis and Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) allowed us to assess the correspondence between the sensory maps obtained with both methods. In the case of strawberry yoghurts, very similar results were obtained with the two methods. On the other hand the sensory positioning of the apricot fresh cheeses somewhat differed between the methods. For both product sets, Flash profile was slightly more discriminating than the conventional profile. Advantages and limits of Flash profile are discussed. #

The aim of this study was the sensory characterization of dry gins in relation to their chemical volatile composition. The development of a specific vocabulary was necessary as a basis for quality control and to ensure the brand flavor integrity. The lexicon was obtained according to ISO 11035 (1994), on the basis of discussions between the panelists and the panel leader, reference materials, and an aroma wheel. Ten notes of the preliminary vocabulary were reduced by calculating the geometric mean (M) and applying ANOVA and principal component analysis. Finally, juniper, citric, aniseed, spice, and licorice were applied to describe 4 London Dry Gins (G1 to G4) and 2 gins with geographic indications (G5 and G6) by generic descriptive analysis (GDA). The latter were characterized by citric and juniper notes, respectively, while G1 was characterized by spice and aniseed attributes. Licorice was uniform in all of the samples. Chemical volatile composition of samples obtained by headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was in agreement with the sensory results.

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the financial
performance of few Indian Commercial Banks listed on stock exchange, for a period of 5 years from FY2015-16 to FY2019-20.
Design: This research is basically a causal study and Cross sectional models are employed to identify the impact of CSR
expenditure. Financial indicators such as ROE, PAT, ROA, EPS, Operating profit margin, will analyze bank’s financial
performance and later it will be correlated with the CSR score assigned to the selected banks.
Findings: This research paper shows that there is a positive relationship between the CSR expenditure and the financial
performance indicators of bank. The results reveal that CSR has a positive and significant influence on Operating profits of the
banks. However, CSR shows only a slight correlation but no significant influence with Earnings per Share, Return on Equity
and Return on Assets of the banks. CSR activities help the bank in contributing towards the welfare of the society and also again
profitable result. Most of the banks who don’t even fit into the criteria of contributing their share as CSR are also doing their
best to avail the social and economic advantages of this investment.
Research Limitation: Since the banking sector consists of many private, public and foreign banks, hence it becomes impossible
to study all the banks to come to a result. Therefore, the study includes analysis of the financial performance of 4 commercial
banks in the Indian Banking sector.
Originality value: The originality value of this study lies in the deep analysis and quality check of the data. This is the only study
that involves descriptive analysis and correlation tools to analyze the financial performance of the banks. Many researches have
been done in the past but most of them include ratio analysis. Therefore this study will add new method of analysis to the
existing pool of knowledge.

The sensory properties and volatile composition of bread flavour were measured to allow improved understanding of perceived bread freshness. Twenty bread varieties consisting of specialty breads (n = 10) and commercial breads (n = 10) were evaluated by descriptive sensory analysis, and volatile composition of all breads was measured by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). The specialty breads (n = 10) studied had been evaluated by consumers, and perceived freshness was known. All sensory attributes and 33 mass ions representative of the PTR-MS spectra significantly (p < 0.05) distinguished between the different breads. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to model and predict sensory profiles as a function of volatile composition for all breads. In addition, a separate model that related volatile composition to known consumer freshness of the 10 specialty breads was created. For each model, accuracy was validated by comparing the differences between predicted and actual, sensory and freshness intensities.

Most banks or lending institutions are plagued by defaulting loans growing over the years. Credit risk analysis is the principal and most crucial step in granting of loans as money or assets. This is done to prevent of mitigate the damage caused when a loan defaults. With the advent of new technology associated with Machine Learning these institutions are upgrading their business models. In this work, we build multiple machine learning models that increase the efficiency and sensitivity of credit risk analysis using descriptive and predictive analytics. These models are applied on a set of test data and the resulting features re implemented on a separate set of trainer data to gain insight about the models. R language has been used to carry out the operations. We observe and find the best model which delivers the most balance combination of accuracy, sensitivity and efficiency among all the models.

Malcolm X, a name known by many in regards to the Civil Rights Era in the 1960s. The “X” denotes the rejection of the “slave-names” given to his African-American brethren from about the 1640s up until 1865, with the “X” also signifying this absence of an inherited African name which would have taken its place.  The artifact used is Malcolm X's, "The Bullet or the Ballot" speech given in 1964. 
Malcolm X denounces many of the actions taken by the white population in the government to prevent African Americans to achieve the same rights as them and does what he can to appeal to the black population to join him in this fight to get these rights, disregarding the approaches made by other civil rights leaders during this time. In this essay I will use the elements of descriptive analysis to examine how the rhetor, in this case, Malcolm X, strategically uses each element in his speech to achieve his purpose, which was the collaborative effort from the African American community to take up arms and fight for their civil rights and how the idea of black nationalism is needed during this crucial period of history.

The sensory qualities related to consumer freshness perceptions are dependant on the food considered. However, it is not clear how ingredients in combination with baked product shelf-life influence consumer judgements of freshness. A range of model cake samples (n ¼ 24) were produced using a 4 Â 3 Â 2 factorial design, which included four different sweeteners, three different fat types and two different times from baking. Descriptive sensory analysis was carried out on all cake samples, using a panel of ten trained assessors and a defined vocabulary of 31 terms. The sensory properties of cakes were significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by sweetener type, fat type and time from baking. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed twelve cake samples with the largest sensory variation that were further selected for consumer testing. Representative consumers (n ¼ 120) rated the perceived freshness of the selected samples. Consumer perceptions of freshness were significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by sweetener type, fat type and storage. Three consumer segments that were homogenous in their freshness perceptions were identified. Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) was applied to determine relationships between sensory descriptions of samples and consumers' freshness perception of samples in each segment. Using PLSR models, consumer freshness perceptions for the twelve remaining cakes not evaluated by consumers, but assessed by descriptive sensory analysis, were predicted for each consumer segment.

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to review of literature on Sustainable Manufacturing Concepts. Method – Several frameworks are explored and discussed. Articles on the subject were searched and retrieved, and a content analysis was carried out. Their relationships include correlation, overlapping area, difference, integration and classification based on Sustainable Manufacturing Concepts dimensions. Total 78 research papers have been reviewed for the research contribution, methodologies, country of research, year of publication and different concepts of relevance. Results – This paper identifies major research gaps for sustainable manufacturing concepts through various aspects, thus allowing researchers to identify research opportunities. This paper provides a quantitative descriptive analysis and qualitative thematic analysis to provide an analysis on Sustainable Manufacturing Concepts. Conclusion – Many literature reviews that aim at discussions regarding sustainable manufacturing concepts but none of them focused exclusively on analysis of SM concepts through identification of various factors. Another unique feature of this paper is that total 78 key research papers have been reviewed. The time span taken for this review is about 24 years (1993-2016).

Abstract
The present study investigated whether there is a significant effect of classroom facilities to the academic performance of the students or not. Researchers from the past years already proven that it improves their motivational byproduct based on Akomolafe and Adesua (2016). Necessary data were gathered and based on the Dichotomous Scale in the 10-item survey questionnaires, specifically brought by the researchers to the respondents in Grade 11 students in Our Lady of Fatima University — Quezon City. Divided into their category from Plus to Regular students. The researchers utilized the Mean formula and the Percentage formula to describe the respondent population and described between the two variables. Based on the result it is showed that regular has more frequency with an overall (87%) of respondents who agree than plus students. This means that classroom facilities indeed help motivates their student but needs more improvement to the plus student counterpart.

Keywords: Descriptive, Motivation, Classroom Facilities, Academics

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to explore the major challenges to managing multiple project environments (MPE) in Australia. Design/methodology/approach -The views from Australian project management practitioners drawn from various industrial sectors were collected via an e-mailed questionnaire survey. The respondents were asked to rate a total of 22 challenges that affect the management of multiple project environments as identified from the literature review. The results of the questionnaire were analysed using ranking analysis. Findings -The findings show that "commitment and responsibility", "leading projects", "planning", and "conflict and communication" are perceived as the four challenges of most importance. Furthermore, the 22 challenges could be classified into 11 sub groupings: project management processes; competencies of project managers; project assignments; human resource allocation; resource availability; organisational culture; problem solving; competition among projects; information sharing; management of a single project; and project location.

Business Analytics (BA) is reformulating corporate success. Transforming data in knowledge and using it harmoniously in Decision Making is not, anymore, a luxury of the most prestigious companies and organizations, but an obligation to deliver competitive products and high-quality services. Approaches coming from different mathematical and computer sciences areas are deeply involved in this field. Nowadays, BA is probably the most important manifestation of the knowledge economy and knowledge society. A growing number of companies are identifying innovative ways to take advantage of the developed solutions based on BA. These applications—when enriched with computational intelligence—are capable of generating information that can be vital for making strategic decisions in a more informed and reliable way even under high uncertainty environments. Consequently, research on computational intelligence for BA exhibits a substantial impact on our world today.

Eurekas is a Multinational Multidisciplinary Scientific Community joining professionals of Mathematics, Computer Sciences, Engineering, as well as Administration, Economics, and Social Sciences, towards theoretical and practical developments useful for Data and Business Analytics, in this way contributing to building the Knowledge Society and Knowledge Economy. It was founded in 2008 and it has been contributing by multiple projects to that purpose.

Computational Intelligence for Business Analytics is a new Eurekas editorial initiative that aims to collect the latest technological innovations in the field of BA to improve business models related to Group Decision-Making, Forecasting, Risk Management, Knowledge Discovery, Data Breach Detection, Social Well-Being,
among other topics related to this field.

Women's right to vote for election is ordinary in today's world, yet it was illegal until the late 1800s. Women could be fined and arrested for voting. Susan B. Anthony was fined and arrested after she voted for the presidential election in 1872. After she was released to fight against women's right for vote, she gave her speech. Susan B. Anthony was educated well enough to realize the human's right and equality. In this essay, I will show seven elements of descriptive analysis that would be analyzed as follows:

Reading through peer mentoring is effective in assisting individuals with poor reading ability because they can be motivated by proficient readers who will serve as their mentors. Thus, the main objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of peer mentoring on the reading ability of Grade 7 students in Malungon Gamay National High School. Utilizing quasi-experimental research design, the students of Grade 7 under frustration level were divided into two. There were 17 students under this category; 9 were selected for the experimental group and the other 8 were for the control group. After a thorough investigation, it was found out that both the control and experimental groups have the same level of knowledge prior to the conduct of the study. Moreover, the posttest result of both groups revealed that there was an increase on the level of students’ performance compared to the pretest which implied that Grade seven students using the two approaches have attained learning. Although there was no significant difference between the pretest mean score ratings of the peer mentoring approach and the traditional approach but there was a significant difference between the posttest mean score rating and the mean gain score ratings of the pupils between the peer mentoring and traditional approach of teaching reading.

Keywords: peer mentoring, reading, reading comprehension, reading ability, vocabulary awareness

R is an open source language and environment for statistical computing, data mining, modeling, and data graphics. It provides a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques such as linear and non-linear modeling, statistical tests, time series analysis, classification, and clustering. R is one of the most used business analytics tools. For example, Facebook uses R for behavior analysis related to status updates and profile pictures. Google uses it to analyze advertising effectiveness and economic forecasting. Twitter leverages R for data visualization and semantic clustering.

This course aims to facilitate the participant's first steps in R and equip them with the tools and understanding to expand their technical know-how according to the needs of their specific research. It is neither a computer science nor a methodological course, but aimed at the practical needs of empirically working researchers. Participants' will learn how to programme in R and how to use R for effective data analysis and visualization. The course begins with developing a basic understanding of the R working environment. Then participants are introduced to the necessary arithmetic and logical operators, salient functions for manipulating data, and getting help using R. Next, the common data structures, variables, and data types used in R, are demonstrated and applied. Participants also learn to write R scripts and build R markdown documents to share their code with others. Further, participants utilize the various packages available in R for visualization, reporting, data manipulation, and statistical analysis.

This study examined the thoughts of preservice teachers about technology integration and collected their ideas about possible barriers to technology integration in education. With this aim, the participants were asked two key questions which are (1) "What does 'Technology Integration in Education' mean to you?" and (2) "What might be the possible barriers to technology integration in education?". A total of 76 preservice teachers, who took the course "Integrating Technology in Education" during their Elementary Teacher Education program took part in the study. The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis method in this qualitative study. As a result of the study, it was revealed that preservice teachers have critical perceptions related to technology integration, such as effective use of technology, inclusion of technology in the course curriculum, increasing engagement, visualizing the course content, working with administrators to integrate technology, and being able to teach with technology that cannot be taught beforehand. As for the external and internal barriers, the participants commented that lack of funding/budget, lack of equipment, lack of ability, and time are major barriers to technology integration in education. Unlike the other studies in the relevant literature, preservice teachers stated parents and security as barriers to integrating technology in education.

Tradizionale di Modena DOP (ABTM) and Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale di Reggio Emilia DOP (ABTRE). ABT is obtained by alcoholic fermentation and acetic bio-oxidation of cooked grape must and aged at least 12 years in wooden casks and is known and sold around the world. Despite this widespread recognition, data on sensory characteristics of these products are very scarce. Therefore a descriptive analysis was conducted to define a lexicon for the ABT sensory profile and to create a simple, stable and reproducible synthetic ABT for training panellists.

Islamic Business Ethics: Concept and Implementation on Medium Small Enterprise. This study is aimed at determining how the concept and application of Islamic business ethics for small businesses (SMEs). The purpose of this study is to determine how the concept of Islamic business ethics and how its implementation for SMEs in which the results of this study might be used as a resume of a framework or model for other entrepreneurs. Research conducted in the form of descriptive literature and resume using the results of previous research. The results showed that Kampoeng Creative, Bazar Medina and SMEs in the environment of UIN Jakarta has implemented a business ethics of Islam, both by employers and employees. In conducting its business and activities, entrepreneurs have to understand and implement the principles or values based on Islam values acoming from the Qur&#39;an and Hadith. The implementation of Islamic business ethics comprises four aspects : principles, management, marketi...

Social media stands out as the main setting of interaction within the digital ecosystem permeating the communication of religious leaders. Admitting such a premise, the following research establishes a descriptive analysis of the interaction carried out by Pope Francis and Dalai Lama in their respective Twitter accounts determining variables such as frequency of publication, use of hashtags and culminating in the revision of the lexicon used in tweets through text mining software tools. The main results denote greater activity by the Pope on Twitter in terms of the frequency and quantity of messages; on the other hand, as far as the use of hashtags is concerned, the Pope's account highlights events related to the religious doctrine he leads, while the Dalai Lama focuses on its application to current situations in the global situation. In the third objective, the lexicon incorporated by both in their messages differs. While the Pope focuses on promoting institutional identity, the Dalai Lama builds his tweets on general human values. In short, it can be concluded that the following research manages to deepen the paradigmatic axis by combining it with the dissemination in digital networks.

Öz Araştırma 2012-2018 arasındaki yıllarda din psikolojisi alanı ile ilgili yayımlanmış olan yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerindeki genel yönelimleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma çerçevesinde, YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanı ve İSAM İlahiyat Fakülteleri Tezler Kataloğu veri tabanı taranmış ve 133 yüksek lisans ve 36 doktora tezi olmak üzere toplamda 169 tez incelenmiştir. Çalışmadaki veriler analiz edilirken betimsel istatistik kullanılmıştır. 2012-2018 yılları arasında din psikolojisi alanı kapsamında en fazla tezin Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi'nden yayımlandığı görülmüştür. Belge/doküman incelemeden sonra tezlerde en fazla tercih edilen çalışma grubunun yerel halk ve yetişkin ve yaşlı bireyler olduğu; veri toplama tekniği açısından en fazla anket tekniğinin, araştırma konusu olarak da pozitif psikoloji konularının, olumlu duygular-değerlerin tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. Tez kataloğunda ise incelemeye konu olan 169 tez yazar ismi referans alınarak liste halinde sunulmuştur. Araştırmanın son kısmında elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiş, az çalışılan konular belirtilmiş ve din psikolojisi bilim dalı kapsamında çalışacak olanlara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur. Abstract The research was conducted to determine general trends in the master's and doctoral theses published in the field of psychology of religion between the years of 2012-2018. In the framework of the study, the database of the HEC (Higher Education Council) National Theses Center and ISAM Theology Faculty of Theses Catalogue database were scanned and a total of 169 theses were analyzed, 133 of which were master theses and 36 were doctoral theses.

Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to identify the intersection between Islamic microfinance (MF) (IsMF) and Takaful in high-risk economies and propose a model for the sustainable application of IsMF. The word Takaful, although used to refer to Islamic insurance, means solidarity and is used as such in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper used a descriptive and analytical method to present findings derived from secondary data collected from the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics and primary data from semi-structured interviews.

Findings
Need in the Palestinian household is very high, and the performance of Palestinian MF institutions (MFI) was found to have deviated from the spirit of MF. A significant shortcoming by MFI lies in the Palestinian law that focuses on organizing MFI’s operations as financial institutions only. With a deviated purpose and generalized laws, the paper proposed a model of IMF. The model consists of three stages covering mission and market-based financing for the economically incapable and those better off. Finally, enacting laws to protect micro-enterprises and cooperation between institutions that operate at each stage is necessary.

Originality/value
This research contributes to the literature on MF and IsMF, especially in high-risk countries. Furthermore, this study proposes a model for IsMF best practices based on the spirit of MF where it is most needed.

Hornedo (1999) in his essay, Conceptual Structure of the Relationship of Theory to Literary Text, explains that " the teacher is treating literature after a theory-his own theory, which is literature as a useful art. It is measured by its effects, and form is valued for what it can do for the sake of content ". The said idea adheres to this study which explores the subversive undertow of the grotesque motifs from the classical type of literary material to the taste of the modern reader. The materials are considered good number of representative such as, Richard III, the creation of Dr. Frankenstein, Quasimodo, and Erik the Phantom. This paper intends to unravel reasons behind the strange affection of the Millenials to the literary works with deformed characters or scary themes. This paper uses a descriptive-qualitative type of research which anchors on the theories of the grotesque as an analytical tool to present the motives behind the Millenial's allure to the literary materials with scary or deformed characters. The discussion starts with the Theories of the Grotesque and follows four phases titled as: The Unmasking of the Faces; The Veiling of the Faces; the Damnation of the Faces; and The Readers' Attraction to the Faces. It is therefore encouraged that the teachers, being the basic facilitator of learning situation, should have a wide understanding of their learners' needs in terms of the materials that will be utilized in the process of presentation, discussion, and assimilation.

Twenty-eight Pinot noir wines from Carneros, Napa, and Sonoma were evaluated by descriptive analysis by seven trained judges. Wines differed significantly for all 14 sensory attributes except prune aroma. Principal component analysis of the mean ratings showed that Carneros wines differed from Napa and Sonoma wines and that they had unique sensory attributes. Carneros Pinot noir wines were characterized by intense fresh berry, berry jam, cherry, and spicy aromas.

The Niagara Peninsula (Ontario, Canada) is thought to have distinct viticultural areas ('bench', 'plains', 'lake'), but the uniqueness of wines from these regions has not been documented. Therefore this research was undertaken to document the nature and magnitude of the terroir differences using 14 commercial Riesling wines from producers who utilized grapes from the 'Beamsville Bench' ('bench') and the 'Niagara Plains' ('plains') regions. The sensory characteristics of the wines were profiled using descriptive analysis (DA) coupled with univariate and multivariate statistics. Six trained judges evaluated 10 aroma (pineapple, melon, grapefruit, lemon/lime, apple, peach/apricot, rose/floral, honey, diesel/petrol, mineral/flint), six flavour (pineapple, melon, grapefruit, lemon/lime, peach/apricot, honey), two taste (acidity, sweetness), and three other (alcohol, body, finish) sensory attributes. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, step-wise discriminant analysis (SDA) and principle component analysis (PCA). Wines from the 'bench' had significantly higher grapefruit, pineapple, melon and lemon/lime aromas, more acidity and greater lemon/lime flavour than the 'plains' wines. 'Plains' wines were more diesel/petrol-like in character. A PCA of the data, using the most relevant sensory descriptors (as determined by SDA), indicated that 68.7% of the variability could be explained in the first two dimensions, with factor one accounting for the lemon/lime, grapefruit, melon and acidity of the wines and factor two representing the mineral/ flint character. Crown

Since technology invaded human life, there has been a strong relationship between humans and machines. In this relationship, similar to other relationships in which humans are involved, there are emotions. When technology brings irresistible innovations and creates a multi-mediated environment, it becomes more difficult to reject the materiality of technology. In time, the acceptance of machines into life has created a new society which cannot exist without machines, and the individual's life in this new society has become dependent on machines. For some individuals, this interdependence may become an enthusiasm and even addiction, intentionally or unintentionally. Technophilia and technophile are useful burgeoning terms to describe the devotion of humans to new technologies and other technological inventions. This content-based descriptive paper aims to study technophilia in the context of technological reductionism. The research includes examples from science-fiction cinema and Hatsune Miku (virtual pop singer) with the concept of technium. The paper explores the term technophilia from the cultural perspective for relationship between human and machines, presenting this new notion as the element of human identity.

Como parte de un proyecto de investigación
en proceso sobre la constitución
científica del campo académico
de la comunicación, se revisan en
este artículo algunos acercamientos,
nacionales y extranjeros, de diverso
tipo y alcance, sobre la bibliografía
considerada como fundamental en
(y para) los estudios de la comunicación,
algunos de ellos descriptivos
(“bibliometrías”) y otros más bien
normativos (“biblionomías”). Se exponen,
desde ese marco, avances de
resultados empíricos obtenidos de las
tesis de maestría en comunicación
presentadas entre 1996 y 2005 en cinco
universidades mexicanas. ----- In the context of an ongoing research
project concerning the scientific
constitution of the field of communication
studies, this article reviews
some national and international
approaches on the bibliography
presented as foundational, from a
diversity of standing points, for this
kind of studies. These approaches
include both descriptive (“bibliometries”)
and rather normative (“biblionomies”)
perspectives, and serve
as a framework for the exploration
of empirical data extracted from
master’s degree theses presented at
five mexican universities between
1996 and 2005.

The internet and digital device usage has become an integral part of everyone's life and among them majority are young adults. Ease of access to digital devices, availability of the internet facilities and prominence given to Information Communication Technology in education system are the contributing factors towards this trend in Sri Lanka. Thus, this article explores the general profile of the young adults reflecting their practices towards the internet and digital device usage. In accordance with this aim, digital behaviour of young adults related to the internet consumption and digital media platforms usage such as frequency, time spent, type of content followed, viewed and subscribed etc. are illustrated. Subsequently, research findings reveal that the majority of the young adults who pursue either secondary or tertiary education, log on to digital media platforms in a daily basis by their smart phones (91%) through consuming personal mobile data (90%) and they log in to online platforms while travelling. Furthermore, the frequently accessed digital media platforms are Facebook (98%) and YouTube (93%) and mostly accessed in between 6-8 am and 6-10 pm. At the same time, this study discloses that youth's perception and conduct towards pre roll and pop-up advertisements are not satisfactory since they often skip pre roll advertisements and do not access information provided by the pop-up advertisements. KEY WORD:Digital behaviour, digital natives, social media, the internet usage, young adults

BACKGROUND: This study was carried out in order to investigate the role of post-harvest methods and roasting degree on the sensory profile of Turkish coffees and to compare the results between two sensory panels: Turkey and Brazil. Bourbon variety of Arabica coffee beans processed by three different post-harvest methods (natural, pulped natural and fully washed) and roasted at three different roasting degrees (light, medium and dark). RESULTS: Ground coffee in powder size was heated with cold water and prepared in a Turkish coffee machine. Twenty assessorsten Turkish and ten Brazilianwere selected and trained to assess 20 flavor attributes of nine Turkish coffee samples. Sensory evaluation results showed that the effects of roasting method on flavor development were perceived more dominantly than effects of post-harvest methods. For the first time, this study highlighted the sensory analysis of Turkish coffees assessed by Turkish and Brazilian assessors. CONCLUSION: Turkish coffee flavor profiles were significantly influenced by roasting method and no significant effects of postharvest method were observed. Sensorial properties of Turkish coffee were affected by several factors, such as geographical origin and techniques used for preparation of coffee beans, cultural tradition, lifestyle, social behavior and habit.

Analytical and sensory pro®les were obtained for Pinot noir wines fermented with two yeasts (Lalvin EC-1118, P; Lalvin L-2056, L) and four vini®cation techniques: high (T), ambient, cold and modi®ed-cold temperature (M) fermentations. Wines were analysed for titratable acidity, pH, ethanol, colour, total phenolics,¯avonols, tartaric esters, anthocyanins and volatile constituents. Sensory descriptive analysis was conducted using 12 judges to evaluate colour, aroma,¯avour, body and overall quality. Wines from the M vini®cation had the most red colour, body, tropical fruit and spicy aromas and had the least vegetal character. Wines from the T vini®cation were the most vegetal. Increased ester concentration (mainly acetates) and total volatile compounds were found in wines from the M vini®cation with yeast P in comparison to the other vini®cation methods and yeast L. Principal component analyses distinguished four distinct groups of wines based on 33 main volatile constituents. Partial least square regressions revealed strong relationships between sensory and instrumental colour measurements in terms of red colour intensity (r=0.88) and red hue (r=0.87). Crown

Production and consumption of extra-virgin olive has been increasing in the United States, particularly in California. The objective of this study was to compare the sensory characteristics of 22 extra virgin olive oils (EVOO) from California, Italy, Spain, Chile, and Australia using a generic descriptive analysis. A total of 22 sensory attributes were identified and defined by the descriptive panel. With the exception of thick and citrus, all sensory attributes were significantly different among the oils. Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) showed that California oils differed from some imported EVOOs, mainly by their absence of defects. A second analysis, of only those attributes included in the International Olive Council (IOC) official scorecard, provided a less detailed description of the samples and did not allow for a full characterization of the oils. While the IOC attributes allowed for faster classification in terms of clean versus defective EVOOs, the more comprehensive descriptive analysis provided both more information and a more refined classification of the samples. Variety and region of origin were important factors in the classification of both Californian and imported EVOOs.

To improve the understanding of what constitutes bread freshness, relationships between consumers' perceptions of freshness and sensory character were determined for different bread types. Descriptive sensory analysis was carried out on 20 bread types, using a panel of twelve trained assessors and a defined vocabulary of 28 terms. Representative consumers (n = 115) rated the perceived freshness of ten different bread types using a labelled scale that was labeled with ''not at all fresh" to ''greatest freshness imaginable". Principal component analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical cluster analysis identified three consumer segments that were homogeneous in their freshness perceptions. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to investigate the relationships between consumers' freshness perceptions for each segment and descriptive sensory data. Cluster analysis greatly enhanced the understanding of the consumer test results by indicating that expectations of bread freshness varied among consumers. Positive drivers of bread freshness for consumers in cluster one were ''porous" appearance, and ''floury" odour, while positive drivers for cluster two consumers were ''malty" odour, and ''sweet", ''buttery", ''oily" flavour. Cluster three consumers were positively driven by ''porous" appearance, ''floury", ''toasted" odour and ''sweet" aftertaste. Using PLSR models, consumer freshness perceptions for the ten remaining breads not evaluated by consumers, but assessed by descriptive sensory analysis, were predicted for each consumer segment.

Corporate social responsibility activities can generate many forms of competitive advantage. Employer attractiveness, among others, is one them. Simultaneously, the global talent shortage and the national labor market dynamics render talent attraction a big challenge for organizations in Egypt. The relationship between corporate social responsibility and employer attractiveness was neither tested in Egypt, nor moderated by the individual's income. The main motivation behind this study is to close these gaps. For this purpose, the conceptual framework proposes that there is a positive relationship between corporate social responsibility and employer attractiveness, and that this relationship is moderated by the individual's income. The study was conducted at a private university in Cairo. Masters of business administration students were surveyed using non-probability convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using one-way and two-way Analysis of Variance. Findings indicate that there is a strong positive relationship between socially responsible organizations and their attractiveness as employers. Supporting Carroll's 1979 framework of the relative importance of corporate social responsibility dimensions, the economic responsibility has the highest effect on employer attractiveness, followed by the legal responsibility, and then the discretionary one. Results also show that the individual's income does not moderate the relationship. These findings act as a valuable guide for human resources practitioners on how to develop an effective employer branding strategy.

Abstract
This research is aimed to find out: (1) the elements of TV Advertisement which help students improving English Acquisition; and (2) the EFL learners’ helping behaviors to acquire English Foreign Language Acquistion (FLA) in watching TV Advertisement. The methods used in this research is Case Study. The technique of collecting data are deep observation and deep interview. A total of 10 EFL learners are used for the sample. The data are analyzed by using Qualitative technique in Foreign Language Acquisition Analysis. The researcher conducted observation to EFL learners by initiating three samples of TV Advertisement which appear frequently. Interview is also posed to explore the attitude, habitual, and the pattern in acquiring English as Foreign Language. The research findings reveal three elements of TV Advertisement which help students improving English Acquisition, that is: (1) English content, (2) Intensity, and (3) Clarity. Furthermore, there are two EFL learners’ helping behaviors to acquire English Foreign Language Acquistion (FLA) in watching TV Advertisement, that is: (1) Willingness /Spirit/Motivation, and (2) Attention.

Keyword : TV Advertisement, EFL, FLA

This study compared the outcomes of three descriptive analysis methods-the ABC method, the conditional probability method, and the conditional and background probability method-to each other and to the results obtained from functional analyses. Six individuals who had been diagnosed with developmental delays and exhibited problem behavior participated. Functional analyses indicated that participants' problem behavior was maintained by social positive reinforcement (n 5 2), social negative reinforcement (n 5 2), or automatic reinforcement (n 5 2). Results showed that for all but 1 participant, descriptive analysis outcomes were similar across methods. In addition, for all but 1 participant, the descriptive analysis outcome differed substantially from the functional analysis outcome. This supports the general finding that descriptive analysis is a poor means of determining functional relations.

This paper describes a novel approach to build a piecewise (non)linear surface that separates individuals from two classes with an a priori classification accuracy. In particular, total classification with a good generalization level can be obtained, provided no individual belongs to both classes. The method is iterative: at each iteration a new piece of the surface is found via the solution of a Linear Programming model. Theoretically, the larger the number of iterations, the better the classification accuracy in the training set; numerically, we also found that the generalization ability does not deteriorate on the cases tested. Nonetheless, we have included a procedure that computes a lower bound to the number of errors that will be generated in any given validation set. If needed, an early stopping criterion is provided. We also showed that each piece of the discriminating surface is equivalent to a neuron of a feed forward neural network (FFNN); so as a byproduct we are providing a novel training scheme for FFNNs that avoids the minimization of non convex functions which, in general, present many local minima. We compare this algorithm with a new linear SVM that needs no pre tuning and has an excellent performance on standard and synthetic data. Highly encouraging numerical results are reported on synthetic examples, on the Japanese Bank dataset, and on medium and small datasets from the Irvine repository of machine learning databases.

Mark Changizi has argued that we will understand the mind/brain only when we have an accurate description and inventory of the tasks it must perform. He calls this the teleome. Until we know what a mechanism is built to do, we have no way of understanding the functioning of its parts. The same is true of the mind/brain. I extend Changizi's argument by noting that the appreciation of works of art calls on a full range of human capacities and is thus a rich source of insight into neuro-mental mechanisms. Moreover we have every reason to believe that we can develop sophisticated ways of describing works of art, verbal art and films are my particular focus and interest. Those descriptions will be invaluable for interpreting observations about the brain activity supporting those aesthetic objects.

Mealtime observations were conducted and occurrences of appropriate and inappropriate mealtime behavior and various forms of parental attention (e.g., coaxing, reprimands) were recorded for 25 children admitted to an intensive feeding program and their parents. Using the data from the observations, lag sequential analyses were conducted to identify changes in the probability of child appropriate and inappropriate mealtime behavior before and after various forms of parental attention. A combination of univariate and repeated measures ANOVAs using frequency of child behavior were also conducted to corroborate conclusions drawn from the visual analysis of individual participant data. Results showed that parental attention was frequently followed by temporary decreases in inappropriate mealtime behavior and increases in bite acceptance. Moreover, various forms of parental attention resulted in statistically significant changes in child behavior, which supports the clinical utility of th...