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    • Vomeronasal Organ
Mammals have retained two functionally and anatomically independent collections of olfactory neurons located in the main olfactory epithelium and in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). Pheromones activate the VNO in order to elicit fixed action... more
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      AgingGene expressionIn Situ HybridizationSexual dimorphism
9 9 156 Molecular alterations in epilepsy-associated malformations of cortical development 9 157 mGluRs in tuberous sclerosis complex 9 ABSTRACT Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with cortical... more
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    •   38  
      NeurosciencePsychologyCognitive ScienceLocalization
Because information about gender, kin, and social status are essential for reproduction and survival, it seems likely that specialized neural mechanisms have evolved to process social information. This review describes recent studies of... more
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      NeuroscienceCognitive ScienceParentingSocialization
Mice use pheromones, compounds emitted and detected by members of the same species, as cues to regulate social behaviours such as pup suckling, aggression and mating 1 . Neurons that detect pheromones are thought to reside in at least two... more
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      PheromonesSocial BehaviourMultidisciplinaryNature
Mammalian social systems rely on signals passed between individuals conveying information including sex, reproductive status, individual identity, ownership, competitive ability and health status. Many of these signals take the form of... more
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      PheromonesMammalsBiological SciencesSocial behavior
In order to gain insight into sensory processing modulating reproductive behavioral and endocrine changes, we have aimed at identifying afferent pathways to neurons synthesizing luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH, also known as... more
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      ReproductionFertilityIon ChannelsBiological Sciences
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    •   65  
      PharmacologyBiochemistryBioinformaticsEvolutionary Biology
Various social behaviours in mice are regulated by chemical signals called pheromones that act through the vomeronasal system 1-3. Exocrine gland-secreting peptide 1 (ESP1) is a 7-kDa peptide that is released into male tear fluids and... more
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      PheromonesMultidisciplinaryNatureBrain
Potential predators emit uncharacterized chemosignals that warn receiving species of danger. Neurons that sense these stimuli remain unknown. Here we show that detection and processing of fear-evoking odors emitted from cat, rat, and... more
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      Animal BehaviorPheromonesCatsBiological Sciences
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      Biological SciencesBrain MappingBrainMice
Many animals use their vomeronasal organs to gain direct and specific contact with chemical cues released by congeners and in biological fluids. These cues provide information about the physiological status of the emitter and facilitate... more
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      Biological SciencesVomeronasal Organ
Olfaction is the dominant sensory modality for most animals and chemosensory communication is particularly well developed in many mammals. Our understanding of this form of communication has grown rapidly over the last ten years since the... more
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      GeneticsPheromonesAnimal communicationMammals
The role of pheromones in orchestrating social behaviors in reptiles is reviewed. Although all reptile orders are examined, the vast majority of the literature has dealt only with squamates, primarily snakes and lizards. The literature is... more
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      Animal BehaviorChemical EcologyReproductionSexual Selection
Background: Chemical irritation of airway mucosa elicits a variety of reflex responses such as coughing, apnea, and laryngeal closure. Inhaled irritants can activate either chemosensitive free nerve endings, laryngeal taste buds or... more
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      FluorescenceImmunohistochemistryGene expressionIn Situ Hybridization
In rodents, the nasal cavity contains two separate chemosensory epithelia, the main olfactory epithelium, located in the posterior dorsal aspect of the nasal cavity, and the vomeronasal/accessory olfactory epithelium, located in a capsule... more
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      GeneticsPerceptionPheromonesSignal Transduction
Among mice, pheromones and other social odor cues convey information about sex, social status, and identity; however, the molecular nature of these cues is largely unknown. To identify these cues, we screened chromatographic fractions of... more
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      NeurosciencePheromonesSTEROIDSMice
Graduate student at the Freie Universität Berlin * Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Canonical olfactory signal transduction involves the activation of cAMPactivated cation channels that depolarize the cilia of receptor... more
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      Cognitive ScienceCalciumSignal TransductionMice
The present study on the main olfactory system (MOS) and the accessory olfactory system (AOS) documents the functional morphology of the rodent olfactory region and that of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) using light and electron... more
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      Electron MicroscopyMorphologyMiceRodents
EEG and behavioural evidence suggests that air-borne chemicals can affect the nervous system without being consciously detected. EEG and behaviour, however, do not specify which brain structures are involved in chemical sensing that... more
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      Magnetic Resonance ImagingFunctional MRIPheromonesHippocampus
Molecular approaches and genetic manipulations have provided novel insights into the processing of pheromone-mediated information by the olfactory and vomeronasal systems of mammals. We will review and discuss the specific contribution of... more
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      GeneticsPheromonesSignal TransductionBrain
Male-induced ovulation in sheep and goats (the 'male effect'), documented during the period 1940-1960, has long been shrouded in preconceptions concerning how, when and why it worked. These preconceptions became dogmas but recent research... more
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      Sexual BehaviourPheromonesSeasonalitySheep
The major urinary proteins (MUPs) are proteins secreted by the liver and filtered by the kidneys into the urine of adult male mice and rats, the MUPs of rats being also referred to as K 2U-globulins. The MUP family also comprises closely... more
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      PolymorphismBiologyGene expressionBiological Sciences
The large number of olfactory receptor genes necessitates high throughput methods to analyze their expression patterns. We have therefore designed a high-density oligonucleotide array containing all known mouse olfactory receptor (OR) and... more
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      Gene expressionMultidisciplinaryMiceVomeronasal Organ
We observed the surface of the anterior part of the nasal septum of living subjects using an endoscope. In~13% of 1842 patients without pathology of the septum, the vomeronasal pit was clearly observed on each side of the septum, and in... more
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      Computed TomographyImmunohistochemistryChemicalAdolescent
Chemosensory neurons in the vomeronasal organ (VNO) detect pheromones related to social and reproductive behavior in most terrestrial vertebrates. Current evidence indicate that the chemoelectrical transduction process is mediated by G... more
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      PheromonesImmunohistochemistryBiological ChemistryBiological Sciences
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    •   17  
      EvolutionBiological SciencesOlfactionCladistics
In tetrapods, the medial amygdala is a forebrain center that integrates olfactory and/or vomeronasal signals with the endocrine and autonomic systems, playing a key role in different social behaviors. The vomeronasal system has undergone... more
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      PheromonesEvolutionTranscription FactorsSignal Transduction
Sema3F binding analyses indicate that Npn-2-expressing primary olfactory neurons innervate the ventral-lateral npn-2 Is Expressed in the Vomeronasal Organ side in the caudal region of the MOB, complementary The molecular cues involved in... more
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      Cognitive ScienceMembrane ProteinsIn Situ HybridizationMice
Chemosignals related to reproductive and social status (pheromones) carry messages between opposite-sex and same-sex individuals in many species. Each individual must distinguish signals relevant to its own social behavior with... more
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      NeurosciencePheromonesSocial statusCats
Graphical Abstract Highlights d Females display different behaviors to MUP pheromones depending on their estrous state d Diestrous female MUP-detecting sensory neurons are directly silenced by progesterone d Primary signal transduction... more
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      PheromonesBiological SciencesProgesteroneMice
Pheromone detection by the vomeronasal organ (VNO) is thought to rely on activation of specific receptors from the V1R and V2R gene families, but the central representation of pheromone receptor activation remains poorly understood. We... more
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      GeneticsCognitive ScienceBrain MappingCell line
Polyclonal antibodies were raised in rabbits against polypeptides corresponding to the N-terminal part (heptapeptides) of the two avian gonadotropin-releasing hormones, chicken (c) LHRH-I and -II. These peptides, which were synthesized by... more
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      EndocrinologyZoologyLocalizationImmunohistochemistry
Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a genetic disease characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and impaired sense of smell. The genetic causes underlying this syndrome are still largely unknown, but are thought to be due to a developmental... more
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      GeneticsCell MigrationSignal TransductionBiological Sciences
The accessory olfactory system contributes to the perception of chemical stimuli in the environment. This review summarizes the structure of the accessory olfactory system, the stimuli that activate it, and the responses elicited in the... more
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      PheromonesComparative PhysiologyRodentiaBiological Sciences
Mouse major urinary proteins (MUPs) have been proposed to play a role in regulating the release and capture of pheromones. Here, we report affinity measurements of five recombinant urinary MUP isoforms (MUPs-I, II, VII, VIII, and IX) and... more
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      PolymorphismProtein SciencePheromonesProtein
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      ZoologyElectron MicroscopyTransmission Electron MicroscopyVomeronasal Organ
Apically and basally located receptor neurons in the vomeronasal sensory epithelium express Gi2α- and Goα-proteins, V1R and V2R vomeronasal receptors, project to the anterior and posterior accessory olfactory bulb and respond to different... more
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      PsychologyCognitive ScienceVomeronasal OrganAmygdala
In rodents, sexual advertisement and gender recognition are mostly (if not exclusively) mediated by chemosignals. Specifically, there is ample evidence indicating that female mice are 'innately' attracted by male sexual pheromones that... more
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      MammalsRewardMiceInstinct
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and... more
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      ZoologyPheromonesRodentiaSignal Transduction
• Septal-vomeronasal organs (SO-VNO) lesion produces neuronal devastation in AOB.
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      AnxietyVomeronasal OrganAmygdalaInterpersonal Relations
Sensory neurons expressing members of the seven-transmembrane V1r receptor superfamily allow mice to perceive pheromones. These receptors, which exhibit no sequence homology to any known protein except a weak similarity to taste... more
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      MultidisciplinaryPhylogenyMiceSmell
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      GeneticsCognitive SciencePheromonesSignal Transduction
The expression of three classes of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), Alpha, Mu, and Pi was investigated in the nasal mucosae of rats during development using immunohistochemical methods. GST Alpha and Mu were first detected in the... more
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      AntibodiesCell DifferentiationPregnancyVomeronasal Organ
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      PhysiologyZoologyMorphologyVomeronasal Organ
Vomeronasal receptor genes have frequently been invoked as integral to the establishment and maintenance of species boundaries among mammals due to the elaborate one-to-one correspondence between semiochemical signals and neuronal sensory... more
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      Evolutionary BiologyGeneticsMolecular EvolutionPhylogeny
Assortative mating, a potentially efficient prezygotic reproductive barrier, may prevent loss of genetic potential by avoiding the production of unfit hybrids (i.e., because of hybrid infertility or hybrid breakdown) that occur at regions... more
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      GeneticsPolymorphismMolecular EvolutionAssortative Mating
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      Cognitive ScienceSocial behaviorBrainTestosterone
Background: The chemosensory system plays an important role in orchestrating sexual behaviors in mammals. Pheromones trigger sexually dimorphic behaviors and different mouse strains exhibit differential responses to pheromone stimuli. It... more
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      Long Noncoding RnaGene expressionTranscriptomeBiological Sciences
The past few years have delivered substantial progress in understanding the molecular logic of the mammalian vomeronasal system. Selective expression of vomeronasal receptors and high response selectivity of vomeronasal receptor neurons... more
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      Cognitive SciencePheromonesSignal TransductionMammals