Vedic maths

India is a country with enormous resources which attracted many countries to utilize and enhance
their economy at the maximum level. In India, villages are providing the base for the economic
development of the country. The village artisans had command over raw materials, assured
demand for their products and services and an assured return. It was

Introduction to E-BOOK of Vedic Maths on Fast Calculation
Enough has been written about the utility of maths in our routine life or for competitve exams
but still maths is an area which scares people the most. Students generally have a sort of
phobia from maths. For them, the numbers sometimes become mere symbols written on the
black board. But here, we would invite you to the world where numbers play with you, come
alive and stop being mere symbols written on the black board and lead you to the virtual tour
of intellectual journey where calculations fascinates you, thrills you and become very simple
and easy to deal with. Our mind operates very fast and has a variety of operational properties
and we have tried our level best to make the reader to use his hidden potential.
This E-Book contains vedic memory methods to speed up maths calculation especially for
aspirants of competitive exams. We have a very rich heritage of our ancient mathematicians
who discovered numerous easy methods to do any degree of complex calculation. In this E-
Book, the methods described are based upon Vedic Ganit which was rediscovered from
ancient Sanskrit texts earlier this century by Bharti Krishan Tirthaji Maharaj. This is the E-
Book designed by Virender Mehta due to recieving numerous request mails to explain some
short cut methods used in competitive mathematics, he is sharing this important E-Book with
the readers. The methods described in this E-Book are extremely beneficial for the aspirants
of all competitive exams. He takes delight in working out huge problems mentally-sometimes
even faster than electronic gadgets like calculators or computers. These methods are also
useful for our daily life to calculate anything like numbers, calculations, bills, interest or any
kind of transcation. The reader for sure would enter into the world of enchantment for maths
with our author Virender Mehta.
Some of the significant features of these vedic methods in the field of calculation are as
following:
These vedic methods ensharps the memory and increase the mental agility.
These methods enhance the precision of our thought power and observation skills.
Our short term and long term memory both are activated by these mental methods.
These methods boost our self confidence.
With these methods, we can solve long multiplications and divisions in a single line.
We can enhance our innovation capabilities by using these methods.
These vedic methods offer a very different approach to mathematics, that is both
powerful and fun.
 If you practise these vedic methods regularly, then you can save your time and
energy during competitve exams where time managemant is the success mantra.
 Practice session has been provided at the end of every topic.
 Every effort has been put to encourage mental activity.

Cost is among the major considerations throughout the project management life cycle and can be regarded as one of the most important parameters of a project and the driving force of project success. Despite its proven importance it is not uncommon to see a construction project failing to achieve its objectives within the specified cost. Cost overrun is a very frequent

Vedic Mathematics is a collection of techniques to solve mathematical problems in an easier and faster manner. 
Vedic maths is hailed by the world for its contribution in solving mathematical arithmetic easily and accurately.
The 16 techniques and 13 sub-techniques laid down in Vedic Mathematics are instrumental in solving the problems of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, and conics.

Indian Abacus Pvt. Ltd., has launched its newly invented state-of-the-art Indian Abacus devices and the program with international standard course materials to make the children of the age group – 5 to 13 years, benefit much more than ever before.  Indian Abacus products and the program are the result of 14 years of background research using which the promoters of the company gained invaluable knowledge and experience. All of these have gone into the development of the devices (Indian Abacus) and the program. We will be happy to serve you with these product-offerings and the program of international standard. 

The Indian Abacus is an educational counting tool for learning to do fast and accurate mental arithmetic, more particularly it helps in enhancing their brain skills such as CONCENTRATION, VISUALIZATION (PHOTOGRAPHIC MEMORY) by activating the right brain, the seat of intelligence.  The present invention introduces a tool which can display color image representing any value by moving the sliders up and down. #abacus

Esta investigación nació por la fascinación de encontrar alternativas a los métodos tradicionales de multiplicación, las matemáticas védicas son un ejemplo de ellas, inspirado y fascinado por su simpleza comencé a buscar otras posibilidades hasta que logre encontrar y descubrir un método maravilloso que funciona y es absolutamente desconocido hasta la fecha

When working on fractions, one can use the Vedic sutra Transpose and Apply to solve faster and with much ease. From here, one can then extend the application of this sutra in fractions and use it in problems involved in the real-world. One of those problems is Work Problems; that is, if person 1 can do the work in time t1, and person 2 can do the work time t2, how long will it take if they work together? Work Problems are very common in any type of examination, especially in licensure examinations in the general education questions because of their wide applications in real-life. Using the Vedic Method, these kinds of problems can be answered faster. This paper shows the firepower of the sutra Transpose and Apply on Work Problems, and the sutras By Elimination and Retention and The Sum of the Products to extend them to n persons.

Vedic Mathematics is an Indian ancient system of mathematical calculations or operations techniques developed in the year of 1957 with 16-word formulae and some sub-formulae. In competitive examinations, students find difficult to solve the aptitude questions effectively with very less or small time durations. Even though students are able to understand the problem, they are not able to speedup calculation process. In this paper some basic mathematical calculations, multiplication, square root, cube root and subtraction of fractional decimal numbers are distributed to a group of 25 students, whom are competitive examination writing students and told to solve questions without and with using Vedic methods techniques. The time taken to complete the calculations are taken in terms of minutes before and after adopting Vedic method's techniques and are analyzed using paired t-test. This paper could able to find that Vedic method significantly improves the speed of calculations while performing some basic mathematical operations. Wish this paper could play an active and supportive role in actual research of Vedic mathematics and techniques to improve the speed of calculations especially while writing any competitive examinations.

The purpose of this paper is to outline some of the key issues related to HR Practices in sugar industry. Sugar industry particularly in Maharashtra plays a significant and sensitive role particularly in western Maharashtra which is said to be sugar-belt. .Manpower is the most important power in the any industry so is in this multi core industry. The human resource management practices in the recent industries are normally come from corner to corner while investigating in academia, it's not the same in the case of sugar industry .human resource area is uncommon experience. This paper focus on the motivation forces that drive employers of sugar factory to implement HR Practices are if any implemented on the organized and unorganized workforce.

Multipliers are the basic building blocks of any ALU thus speed of ALU depends upon multiplier. Vedic Mathematics is used for fastest calculation, using same concept 8x8 multiplier is implemented on circuit level and simulated on Tanner tool. There are 16 Sutra and 13 sub Sutra in Vedic Mathematics. One of the 16 Sutra is Urdhva Tiryagbhyam which is the most efficient for arithmetic multiplication resulting minimum delays.

The paper proposes higher order square and cube architectures that play a major role in Digital
design used in real time applications. These architectures are useful for higher order computations by using the
Vedic sutras. By using the Dwandwa yoga duplex combination properties of Urdhva Tiryagbhyam sutra of
Vedic mathematics. The Proposed designs prove efficient for high speed and low power applications like in
Arithmetic and Logic Unit replacing the traditional architectures. The results are evaluated in terms of delay,
area and power consumption for the device Spartan3E - XC3S500E-5FG320 using Xilinx ISE 10.1i Tools

We are very glad to announce that the first issue of Śodhanidhi, the research Journal of the Department of Sanskrit of University of Gour Banga is going to be published under the patronage of the present authorities and the sincere co-operation of all the members.

The journal is the bi-lingual - the languages being Sanskrit and English. The contributions are of a varied nature and we hope, each of them possesses some merit of its own. So we are sincerely grateful to all the authors who have contributed their papers for the first volume.

The Journal is being dedicated to the memory of Pro-fessor Manabendu Banerjee Śāstrī, the Secretary of Sanskrit Sahitya Parisad and the General Secretary of the Asiatic Society, Kolkata. We feel privileged to be able to publish one of his arti-cles in this issue. But we deeply mourn his loss, pay our homage, love and respect to his departed soul.

This volume would not have the present shape without the meticulous and assiduous effort of Dr. Rakesh Das, Assistant Professor of the Department of Sanskrit Studies of Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, Belur Math. So we express our sincere thanks to Dr. Das.

We are particularly happy to have received words of hope and encouragement from our respected Hon’ble Vice Chancellor of the University of Gour Banga , Professor Gopalchandra Misra.

Thanks are also due to my colleagues Mrinal Chandra Das and Anindya Chaudhuri. We take delight in mentioning special name of our colleague Husna Parvin for helping us in various ways.

We are thankful to The Banaras Mercantile Company and Mahamaya Press for their sincere co-operation and assistance.

Last but not the least, we are particularly happy for the kind help we received from the officers and staff members of the Uni-versity without whose support it would not have been possible to publish the journal.

May Sarasvatī make our Hearts Her eternal abode and bless us with the awakening and blazoning of the Treasure of Research, ‘Śodhanidhi’.

Dr. Chandan Bhattacharyya
Dr. Subhrajit Sen

In digital signal processing convolution is a fundamental computation that is ubiquitous in many application areas. In order to compute convolution of long sequence, Overlap-Add method (OLA) and Overlap-Save method (OLS) methods are employed. In this paper, block convolution process is proposed using a multiplier architecture based on vertical and crosswise algorithm of Ancient Indian Vedic Mathematics and embedding it in OLA method for reducing calculations.And as the vedic multiplier is been used it is named as Vedic convolution algorithm.The coding is done in VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuits Hardware Description Language) for the FPGA , as it is being increasingly used for variety of computationally intensive applications.Simulation and synthesis is done using Xilinx.

As practicing the manipulations of algebraic expressions
might be considered as ‘dry’ and tiresome, I thought it
would be possible to ‘spice it up’ by presenting students
with some of the Vedic Mathematics rules. The rules are
clearly presented in these short videos, and verifying
them requires students to employ basic algebra.
In addition, this can serve as a good opportunity to
present students with some ideas rooted in the history
of mathematics.

Multiplication is an crucial unfussy, basic function in arithmetic procedures and Vedic mathematics is a endowment prearranged for the paramount of human race, due to the capability it bestows for quicker intellectual computation. This paper presents the effectiveness of Urdhva Triyagbhyam Vedic technique for multiplication which cuffs a distinction in the authentic actual development of multiplication itself. It facilitates parallel generation of partial products and eradicates surplus, preventable multiplication steps. The anticipated N×N Vedic multiplier is coded in VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuits Hardware Description Language), synthesized and simulated using Xilinx ISE Design Suite 13.1. The projected architecture is a N×N Vedic multiplier whilst the VHDL coding is done for 128×128 bit multiplication process. The result shows the efficiency in terms of area employment and rapidity.

Multiplication is the elementary process for computing the butterfly in Fast Fourier Transform. A formal multiplication task requires an extensively additonal hardware means and processing time in multiplication operation to a certain degree more than in addition and subtraction. In this work, architecture for multiplier is proposed which requires less space and works faster comparatively with other basic multiplier structures. The "UrdhvaTiryakbhyam" scheme offered by Vedic Mathematics is utilized to speed up the multiplication process. In addition, the reduction in transistor count is achieved by substrate biasing. Further the architecture is simulated in ORCAD software to analyse the area requirements of the Butterfly structure for computing Fast Fourier Transforms. The simulated results show that there is considerable reduction in transistor count and operating speed which makes the proposed multiplier a competent one with the standard multiplier architecture.

What urged the ancients to undertake almost superhuman efforts to build the pyramids? Why was the earliest Egyptian so-called step-pyramid of King Djoser built as a 6-staged 4-sided structure having a rectangular base on an east-west axis? And why the king Netjerykhet came to be called Djoser or Zoser? What was the real meaning and significance of the building of pyramids? There is no answer to be found in the records of the Egyptian civilization itself. On a diametrically opposite side of the globe in Mesoamerica, there is an analogous Maya step-pyramid known as Temple of Kukulkan in Chichen Itza, along with many similar structures throughout the region, where the ancient Maya performed their infamous heart-sacrifice. The ancient Maya people are generally treated as a civilization isolate from the rest of the ancient world. Were they come from another planet? Or were they aliens from outer space? What is the real meaning of the ethnic name Maya? What actually represent the four-sided step-pyramid structures found throughout the Mesoamerican region? What authentically signified socially and cosmically the formidable Maya heart-sacrifice ritual? There is no clue for deciphering these mysteries from the sources of the Maya civilization itself. Modern science too, except some silly futile conjectures, has not been able to give any serious hint at the answering of these questions. There exists, however, a trustworthy collective record of the bygone ages, which has preserved all the answers. It is neither the Sumerian collection of primitive cunei-form tablets, nor the Egyptian collection of hieroglyphic papyri, how much less those mostly plagiarized Biblical myths, but the most reliable and absolutely infallible ancient collection of orally transmitted records of the Aryan race called the Veda "Science, Scientia, Knowledge".

Vedic mathematics is an ancient system of mathematics which performs unique technique of calculations based on 16 sutras. The performance of high speed multiplier is designed based on Urdhva Tiryabhyam, Nikhilam Navatashcaramam Dashatah, and Anurupye algorithms. These algorithms gives minimum delay and used for multiplication of all types of numbers. The performance of high speed multiplier is designed and compared using these sutras for various NxN bit multiplications and implemented on the FFT of the DSP processor. Anurupye Vedic multiplier on FFT is made efficient than Urdhva tiryabhyam and Nikhilam Navatashcaramam Dashatah sutras by more reduction in computation time. Logic verification of these design is verified by simulating the logic circuits in XILINX ISE 9.1 and MODELSIM SE 5.7g using VHDL.

This article includes a simple design of Vedic square calculator for Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). This is a straightforward and innovative design of Vedic calculator using only few basic digital logic gates. Among the all sutras and sub sutras of ancient Vedic mathematics, the sutra ‘Urdhva Tiryagbyham’ is used here for square calculation of two bits numbers which results in an effortless and faster method of square calculation than all the existing methods. The design and minimization of the circuit has been carried out to achieve a standard architecture that is the simplest too. Here Xilinx ISE software tool is used rigorously to simulate the architecture.  

Three Arab numeration systems based on Hindu numerals replaced much older ciphered Egyptian and Greek numeration systems after 800 CE. The older numeration systems scaled rational number (n/p) by multiplying (n/p) by (m/m) to reach (mn/mp).  From (mn/mp) the best divisors of denominator (mp) were concisely summed to numerator (mn) to concise 2-term, 3-term, 4-term and 5-term series. Greek numeration systems mapped the counting numerals onto Ionian and Doric letters and unit fractions by adding (’) to ciphered numerals, i.e. 1/2 = to beta’, 1/3 = gamma’, and so forth. An older Egyptian zero, nfr, used in double-entry accounting to denote empty accounts, diffused to a Greek zero, denoted by two dots over an oval. The older unit fraction systems generally scaled rational numbers in a multiplication context from 2050 BCE to 800 AD.
ARAB INNOVATION: The simplest Arab notation system brought Hindu 1-9 numerals from India, without a zero, within a methodology that contained a hint of an algorithm from Babylon/Chaldean. The new Arab notation scaled rational numbers (n/p) by subtracting LCM m to [(mn –p)/mp] that first tried to set (mn –p) to unity (1) to define 2-term series in a new subtraction context.

The newly invented Indian Abacus – Digital device for Tutors is a highly advanced version tool and of the state-of-the-art in design. The Indian Abacus –Digital for Tutor is bigger in size. This is designed for use by Tutors for training the students to do fast and accurate Abacus Mental Arithmetic Calculations. (The Indian Abacus for Tutors can be either hung on a wall, or placed on a stand to explain to the students as to how the Abacus is to be operated) The Tutor Abacus is to explain to the children getting trained in the subject (Arithmetic Calculation on Abacus) to gain the Brain skills in the long run. The Indian Abacus –Digital for Tutors device developed offers greater ease and comfort in registering in memory of the images representing the values. When the Tutor manipulates the slider/s to do calculations, the slider/s pushed towards the bar project open the hidden colour (Red and Green) images, which otherwise hide the images in the no value position in sync with the body of the Indian Abacus –Digital for Tutors. Tutor is at ease and comfort to differentiate and explain the values / numbers easily due to colour projections of the value position of the sliders. The upper sliders project Red colour portion of the sliders as images which represent value and similarly the lower sliders project Green colour portion of the sliders as images which again represent value. Apart from the comfort of easy and faster earning, the newly designed tool enables enhanced visio-spatial memory. The sliders of Indian Abacus –Digital for Tutors in the value positions – projecting colour images – stay put even when the abacus is held upright. The sliders do not fall from their worked position. Features of Indian Abacus-Digital & Remote operations 1. The main power switch to on & off the Digital Abacus. 2. Play Button for the students to do practice of Oral sums. Numbers called out would be visible on the LCD for the children to observe. Same operation could be performed through Remote.

This article includes a simple design of Vedic square calculator for Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). This is a straightforward and innovative design of Vedic calculator using only few basic digital logic gates. Among the all sutras and sub sutras of ancient Vedic mathematics, the sutra ‘Urdhva Tiryagbyham’ is used here for square calculation of two bits numbers which results in an effortless and faster method of square calculation than all the existing methods. The design and minimization of the circuit has been carried out to achieve a standard architecture that is the simplest too. Here Xilinx ISE software tool is used rigorously to simulate the architecture.  

Todays we are digital era ,whole world is breathing in digital environment which is called as digital world.a devices which comes in your pocket that is only called as protable in present synerio.processsing and executing numder task ,information and data in today’s life is an childish thing.we are using a multitasking  digital devices those are capable to performe multiple operation of at same time which consists of large size of binary bits combination known as long word processing(LWP) such as,i.e.video calling on  due to 3G and 4G services,video recording,image capturing and internet facility etc. on single handy device well known cell-phone.so always, there is a requirment to handle large word size  and different type of information or data due to  one devices .now other thing is that as compare to memory devices development of processing units takes so much time due to complexity in arithmatics and logical operations like; multiplication, division, integration and exponential operations etc.scientists doing lots of work to full the requirment of high speed  processor on basis binary arithmatic and logical methods but multiplication and division operation are always taking more time for execution so these operation are still chalange;so to win this chalange ancient indian vedas provides a noval mathmetics method for multiplication and division both operations that can enhance speed of processor with parallel processing approach as used in parallel column and row bypassing ethod.in this paper presented work shows that urdhva-triyakbhyam(UT) vedic mathmetics multiplication method with parallel processing for carry,here presented as(PCPC) reduce processing delay time time upto 5ns using 0.12µm technology on microwind software.

Measuring the quality of software now days is one of the most important tasks. In this
research paper we are enhancing the software quality measurement using API and theoretic
information metrics. Along with the new set of metrics that measure the quality of modularization
of a non-object-oriented software system, we are presentin

We describe "NetBouncer", an approach and set of technologies for providing practical and highperformance defenses against distributed denial-ofservice (DDoS) attacks. The central innovation in the NetBouncer approach to filtering and mitigating DDoS attacks is the ability to distinguish legitimate traffic from illegitimate ones so as to enable the discarding of only illegitimate traffic. In particular, this allows a NetBouncer-enabled network to distinguish DDoS congestion from flash crowd congestion situations. This provides a unique advantage over other DDoS mitigation techniques such as those based on filtering and congestion control where some loss of legitimate traffic is inevitable. The NetBouncer approach is characterized as an end-point-based solution to DDoS protection. It provides localized protection at potential choke points or bottlenecks that may exist in front of hosts and servers. NetBouncer attempts to block traffic as close to the victim as possible, while upstream of the nearest bottleneck. The immediate manifestation of NetBouncer technology is as a high-speed packet processing in-line appliance based on network processor technology. However, the long-term evolution, adoption and integration of NetBouncer technology may be in the back-plane/fast path of commercial high-speed routers.

Along the Himalayan thrust front in northwestern India, terrace deposits exposed 20 to 30 m above modern stream level are interpreted to have been uplifted by displacement on the underlying Himalayan Frontal Thrust. A radiocarbon age limits the age of the terrace to <=1665+/-215 calendar BC (=6.9+/-1.8mm/yr. In combination with published studies constraining the dip of the Himalayan Frontal Thrust