User Acceptance

ABSTRACT Academic Marketing is on the rise in Germany. So is Social Media Marketing. In this paper we present a concept for academic marketing based on a social media marketing strategy developed and implemented at the Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, a site of Trier University of Applied Sciences. We discuss the development and implementation of this strategy starting from an evaluation of the use and needs of social media of students, professors and other university staff. This survey provides the basis for the requirements analysis for a platform for internal and external communication, whose structure is presented here. We outline some considerations about launching such a platform and we report some very first results in terms of user acceptance and feedback.

Mobile marketing is set to make a big impact in Australia. However, experience from the use of email for marketing purposes demonstrates that there are a number of pitfalls that companies can fall into and which consumers react badly to. The paper examines various theoretical approaches that can be used to investigate effective m-marketing strategies. We use an adapted version of the unified view of user acceptance of IT to determine the factors that impact on the intention to participate in m-marketing. A survey of mobile phone users shows that consumers view the benefits of m-marketing as saving money, saving time and providing useful information. Consumers think that granting permission is an important factor in a decision to participate in mmarketing. In addition, financial incentives can substantially improve the level of participation. It would appear that the effort and time involved in processing m-marketing messages are not important factors in the decision to participate in m-marketing schemes.

Vorwort München Wien 1978), ist die Wiederholungsstudie nunmehr auch das Ergebnis einer Vielzahl von Mitstreitern. An erster Stelle ist zu nennen die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, die die UntE':..suchungen mit Personal-und Sachmitteln unterstützte. Ihr sei an dieser Stelle Dank gesagt für die in der Forschungslandschaft mittlerweile kaum noch übliche fast unbürokratische Förderung. Das Projekt, das uns gut drei Jahre beschäftigt hat, ist aber auch eine Beispiel für die gelungene Verbindung zwischen Forschung und Lehre. So haben zahlreiche Studenten der Betriebs-und Volkswirtschaftslehre an der Universität Dortmund inhaltlich mitgewirkt und dadurch-so hoffen wir-Einblick in die Schwächen, aber auch die Stärken empirischer Forschung erhalten: Joachim Göbel und Christian Zerfas erstellten in unermüdlichem Kampf mit dem Großrechner die Datenfiles und standardisierten die ADV-Skala. Iris Ramme durchforstete die Daten zur Frage nach geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschieden in der Akzeptanz, Joachim Kästner zur Frage betriebsspezifischer Abweichungen. Hans-Peter Kummetz prüfte Datensätze des Zentralarchivs, KÖln, um einem generellen Einstellungswandel in der Gesellschaft auf die Spur zu kommen. Petra Giebisch analysierte Mitgliederzeitschriften, um die offizielle Haltung der Gewerkschaften dingfest zu machen, und Hans-Jörg Sudhaus suchte einerseits im Datenmaterial nach Gründen für den Tandem-Benutzer-Effekt und bewies andererseits bei der schriftlichen Niederlegung dieses Buches eine große Verhaltensakzeptanz zu dem als Textverarbeitungsgerät benutzten Personal Computer. Ohne sie alle wäre dieses Buch nicht so schnell und mit so v ielen diskutierten Detailaspekten erschienen. Ohne Frage gehen aber alle etwaigen Mängel voll zu unseren Lasten.

We present the design, implementation, deployment and evaluation of a novel urban computing infrastructure called UBI-hotspot. It is effectively a large interactive public display embedded with other computing resources. We have deployed a network of UBI-hotspots around downtown Oulu, Finland, to establish a public laboratory for conducting experimental ubiquitous computing research in authentic urban setting with diverse real users and with sufficient scale and time span. We focus on the first version of the UBI-hotspot which offers a wide range of services via different interaction modalities. We analyze the usage and user acceptance of the UBI-hotspots from qualitative and quantitative data collected over a period of eight months. Our first observations show that this type of infrastructure may be a useful addition to the urban space.

Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS) is a new medium that enriches people's personal communication with their business partners, friends, or family. Following the success of Short Message Services, MMS has the potential to be the next mobile commerce “killer application” which is useful and popular among consumers; however, little is known about why people intend to accept and use it. Building upon the motivational theory and media richness theory, the research model captures both extrinsic (e.g., perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) and intrinsic (e.g., perceived enjoyment) motivators as well as perceived media richness to explain user intention to use MMS. An online survey was conducted and 207 completed questionnaires were collected. By integrating the motivation and the media richness perspectives, the research model explains 65% of the variance. In addition, the results present strong support to the existing theoretical links as well as to those newly hypothesized in this study. Implications from the current investigation for research and practice are provided.

Attitude to computers Cognition Hospital information systems a b s t r a c t Introduction: This paper reports the findings of an evaluation study in the field of human-computer interaction about the use of a new data acquisition device, the digital pen. It focuses on specific aspects of the interaction between the users and the technology: the cognitive burden induced by the design of the tool in real conditions of use and its impact on user acceptance.

User studies need to be perform on the new technology such as Mixed reality
(MR) before it reach maturity. In this paper we would like to reveal the study that has been
done to determine users' perception and acceptance on the mixed reality prototype, named
Mixed Reality Regenerative Concept (MRRC). The aim of MRRC is to increase users
understanding on regenerative concept and tissue engineering.

This research investigates the applicability of Davis' technology acceptance model to user acceptance of a knowledge management information system. It addresses two important questions: "Does the technology acceptance model explain user acceptance and usage of an information system implemented to support knowledge management objectives?" ''Can previous technology acceptance model user acceptance research serve as a basis for investigation of user acceptance of knowledge management information technology systems?" This study provides preliminary evidence that previous information technology acceptance research based on the technology acceptance model, may serve as a foundation for research of knowledge management system user acceptance. Relationships among primary TAM constructs are in substantive agreement with those characteristic of previous TAM research. Significant positive relationships between perceived usefulness, ease of use, and system usage were consistent with previous TAM research. The observed mediating role of perceived usefulness in the relationship between ease of use and usage was also in consonance with earlier findings. The findings are significant because they suggest that the considerable body of previous TAM related information technology research may be usefully applied to the knowledge management domain, and promote further investigation of factors affecting the user acceptance and usage of knowledge management information systems.

This paper proposes a model of technology acceptance that is specifically developed to test the acceptance of assistive social agents by elderly users. The research in this paper develops and tests an adaptation and theoretical extension of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) by explaining intent to use not only in terms of variables related to functional evaluation like perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, but also variables that relate to social interaction. The new model was tested using controlled experiment and longitudinal data collected regarding three different social agents at elderly care facilities and at the homes of older adults. The model was strongly supported accounting for 59-79% of the variance in usage intentions and 49-59% of the variance in actual use. These findings contribute to our understanding of how elderly users accept assistive social agents.

This work presents an evaluative study on the usability of a haptic device together with a soundbased video game for the development and use of orientation and mobility (O&M) skills in closed, unfamiliar spaces by blind, school-aged children. A usability evaluation was implemented for a haptic device especially designed for this study (Digital Clock Carpet) and a 3D video game (MOVA3D) in order to determine the degree to which the user accepted the device, and the level of the user's satisfaction regarding her interaction with these products for O&M purposes. In addition, a cognitive evaluation was administered. The results show that both the haptic device and the video game are usable, accepted and considered to be pleasant for use by blind children. The results also show that they are ready to be used for cognitive learning purposes. Results from a cognitive study demonstrated significant gains in tempo-spatial orientation skills of blind children when navigating in unfamiliar spaces.

Distributed gaming enables access to interactive media from devices based on different platforms. It facilitates users to enjoy video games in various environments without the need for using a single device or operating system. Understanding the potential and limitations of such gaming-on-demand systems is key for their adoption and further growth in public places. This paper presents an in-depth, quantitative study performed with the Games@Large (GaL) distributed-gaming system and its potential users at an Internet café in Genoa, Italy. The approach of the study was multilevel, covering the player experience and user acceptance aspects as well as technical performance peculiarities. Results show that the GaL system has a high potential at Internet cafes, in particular when playing a casual genre game. Furthermore, results provide recommendations for deploying such systems in terms of social setting and technical aspects. The methodology and findings of the GaL system tests can be applied to similar game streaming systems and used as input for theories on social digital game play.

This paper presents the design and implementation of a distributed virtual reality (VR) platform that was developed to support the training of multiple users who must perform complex tasks in which situation assessment and critical thinking are the primary components of success. The system is fully immersive and multimodal, and users are represented as tracked, full-body figures. The system supports the manipulation of virtual objects, allowing users to act upon the environment in a natural manner. The underlying intelligent simulation component creates an interactive, responsive world in which the consequences of such actions are presented within a realistic, time-critical scenario. The focus of this work has been on the training of medical emergency-response personnel. BioSimMER, an application of the system to training first responders to an act of bio-terrorism, has been implemented and is presented throughout the paper as a concrete example of how the underlying platform archit...

... to identify accep-tance determinants in order to better understand and somehow predict users' behavior. ... & Madlberger, 2005).It may originate from this fact that young people consider ... intention toward location-based advertising differs according to the age of the consumers. ...

Diffusion of innovation Thailand UTAUT model a b s t r a c t Background: One of the most important factors for the success of health information technology (IT) implementation is users' acceptance and use of that technology. Thailand has implemented the national universal healthcare program and has been restructuring the country's health IT system to support it. However, there is no national data available regarding the acceptance and use of health IT in many healthcare facilities, including community health centers (CHCs). This study employed a modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) structural model, to understand factors that influence health IT adoption in community health centers in Thailand and to validate this extant IT adoption model in a developing country health care context.

Information technology (IT) acceptance research has yielded many competing models, each with different sets of acceptance determinants. In this paper, we (1) review user acceptance literature and discuss eight prominent models, (2) empirically compare the eight models and their extensions, (3) formulate a unified model that integrates elements across the eight models, and (4) empirically validate the unified model. The eight models reviewed are the theory of reasoned action, the technology acceptance model, the motivational model, the theory of planned behavior, a model combining the technology acceptance model and the theory of planned behavior, the model of PC utilization, the innovation diffusion theory, and the social cognitive theory. Using data from four organizations over a six-month period with three points of measurement, the eight models explained between 17 percent and 53 percent of the variance in user intentions to use information technology. Next, a unified model, called the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), was formulated, with four core determinants of intention and usage, and up to four moderators of key relationships. UTAUT was then tested using the original data and found to outperform the eight individual models (adjusted R 2 of 69 percent). UTAUT was then confirmed with data from two new organizations with similar results (adjusted R 2 of 70 percent). UTAUT thus provides a useful tool for managers needing to

This paper identifies the factors that determine the publics' acceptance of e-Government services. The online tax filing and payment system (OTFPS) is a well-known e-Government service in Taiwan. Using a theoretical model based on the theory of planned behavior, this study aims to (1) identify the determinants for acceptance of the OTFPS; (2) examine the causal relationships among the variables of acceptance behavior for the OTFPS; and (3) explore the relative importance of each determinant for both those who use the OTFPS and those who do not. The article reports on a survey that collected 1,099 usable responses. The results indicate that the proposed model explained up to 72 percent of the variance in behavioral intention. In addition, the important determinants of user acceptance of the OTFPS are perceived usefulness, ease of use, perceived risk, trust, compatibility, external influences, interpersonal influence, self-efficacy, and facilitating condition. Finally, the academic and practical implications of these findings are discussed. D planned behavior; Online tax filing and payment system 0740-624X/$ -see front matter D

The intelligibility of a speech output device is an important predictor of user acceptability. The Diagnostic Rhyme Test (DRT) is an ANSI standard for measuring speech intelligibility (ANSI $3.2-1989). In the DRT, respondents hear a word and choose its equivalent from two visually presented words. The two words differ only in their initial (e.g., veal-feel), and the two consonants differ only in a single distinctive acousticphonetic feature (e.g., voicing). To define "distinctive feature", the DRT uses a minimal distinctive feature system, loosely based on the work of Jakobson et al. (1963) and . These studies carefully analyzed natural speech errors in various noise environments. Whether or not these studies can be freely applied to alternative forced-choice tests of coded or synthesized speech is an empirical issue. In the present study, the results of a Consonant Identification (CI) task were compared to a previously conducted DRT using the same coding algorithms. The CI data indicated that the low-bit-rate coded speech yielded significantly more multifeature confusions then the uncoded speech. Moreover, the multifeature confusions could not be easily predicted from the single-feature confusions. A fundamental assumption of the DRT is that speech errors are adequately diagnosed by testing single-feature confusions. The results of the present study contradict that assumption. In conclusion, we argue that the application of the DRT (and more generally, any closed-response choice procedure) to coded or synthesized speech is questionable.

Building on recent unique, yet potentially complementary, approaches to understanding the formation of user perceptions about technology (Venkatesh, 1999; Venkatesh & Speier, 1999), the present work reanalyzes the data from both studies to develop an integrated model of technology acceptance. The integrated model specifically examines the influence of pre-training and training environment interventions (termed user acceptance enablers) to understand how user perceptions are formed prior to system implementation. The model is then further extended and tested using longitudinal data in a field setting. The results indicate that the integrated model emerged as a better predictor of user behavior when compared to the existing models.

Errors in requirements specifications have been identified as a major contributor to costly software project failures. It would be highly beneficial if information systems developers could verify requirements by predicting workplace acceptance of a new system based on user evaluations of its specifications measured during the earliest stages of the development project, ideally before building a working prototype. However, conventional wisdom among system developers asserts that prospective users must have direct hands-on experience with at least a working prototype of a new system before they can provide assessments that accurately reflect future usage behavior after workplace implementation. The present research demonstrates that this assumption is only partially true. Specifically, it is true that stable and predictive assessments of a system's perceived ease of use should be based on direct behavioral experience using the system. However, stable and behaviorally predictive measures of perceived usefulness can be captured from target users who have received information about a system's functionality, but have not had direct hands-on usage experience. This distinction is key because, compared to ease of use, usefulness is generally much more strongly linked to future usage intentions and behaviors in the workplace. Two longitudinal field experiments show that preprototype usefulness measures can closely approximate hands-on based usefulness measures, and are significantly predictive of usage intentions and behavior up to six months after workplace implementation. The present findings open the door toward research on how user acceptance testing may be done much earlier in the system development process than has traditionally been the case. Such preprototype user acceptance tests have greater informational value than their postprototype counterparts because they are captured when only a relatively small proportion of project costs have been incurred and there is greater flexibility to modify a new system's design attributes. Implications are discussed for future research to confirm the robustness of the present findings and to better understand the practical potential and limitations of preprototype user acceptance testing.

Most Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) research aims at helping people who are severely paralyzed to regain control over their environment and to communicate with their social environment. There has been a tremendous increase in BCI research the last years, which might lead to the belief that we are close to a commercially available BCI applications to patients. However, studies with users from the future target group (those who are indeed paralyzed) are still outnumbered by studies on technical aspects of BCI applications and studies with healthy young participants. This might explain why the number of patients who use a BCI in daily life, without experts from a BCI group being present, can be counted on one hand.

Purpose -Product-service systems (PSS) could potentially benefit consumers, but empirical studies of business-to-consumer PSS solutions have been scarce. The purpose of this paper is to identify conditions for consumer acceptance, and propose a methodology for PSS development. Design/methodology/approach -Factors influencing consumer acceptance of PSS are investigated through focus groups and individual interviews, and elaborated in relation to theory from user acceptance and innovation adoption literature. Procedures for conceptual development of PSS are then proposed, based on methodology adapted from user-centred design. Findings -The two factors "impact on everyday life", and "uncertainties" in anticipating such consequences were repeatedly brought up by participants. PSS affect consumers through practical implications for the activities they engage in. This goes beyond the service encounter, is highly complex and case specific why development processes should include iterative studies with consumers.

Augmented reality (AR) as an emerging technology in the mobile computing domain is becoming mature enough to engender publicly available applications for end users. Various commercial applications have recently been emerging in the mobile consumer domain at an increasing pace -Layar, Junaio, Google Goggles, and Wikitude are perhaps the most prominent ones. However, the research community lacks an understanding of how well such timely applications have been accepted, what kind of user experiences they have evoked, and what the users perceive as the weaknesses of the various applications overall. During the spring of 2011 we conducted an online survey to study the overall acceptance and user experience of the mobile AR-like consumer applications currently existing on the market. This paper reports the first analyses of the qualitative and quantitative survey data of 90 respondents. We highlight an extensive set of user-oriented issues to be considered in developing the applications further, as well as in directing future user research in AR. The results indicate that the experiences have been inconsistent: generally positive evaluations are overshadowed by mentions of applications' pragmatic uselessness in everyday life and technical unreliability, as well as excessive or limited and irrelevant content.

User acceptance is one of the key fundamentals for development and success of mobile commerce (m-commerce). Based on the revised unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, we described a theoretical framework that incorporates the unique characteristics of m-commerce to enhance our understanding of m-commerce acceptance and usage in China. The revised UTAUT includes the characteristics of m-commerce, inclusion and consideration of information system user satisfaction theory, and Chinese culture and context.

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that influence the intention to use and actual usage of a G2B system such as electronic procurement system (EPS) by various ministries in the Government of Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach -The research uses an extension of DeLone and McLean's model of IS success by including trust, facilitating conditions, and web design quality. The model is tested using an empirical approach. A questionnaire was designed and responses from 358 users from various ministries were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings -The findings of the study indicate that: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, assurance of service by service providers, responsiveness of service providers, facilitating conditions, web design (service quality) are strongly linked to intention to use EPS; and intention to use is strongly linked to actual usage behavior. Practical implications -Typically, governments of developing countries spend millions of dollars to implement e-government systems. The investments can be considered useful only if the usage rate is high. The study can help ICT decision makers in government to recognize the critical factors that are responsible for the success of a G2B system like EPS. Originality/value -The model used in the study is one of the few models designed to determine factors influencing intention to use and actual usage behavior in a G2B system in a fast-developing country like Malaysia.

—Personal Health Records (PHRs) can be considered as one of the most important health technologies. PHRs enroll the patients directly to their health decision making through giving them the authority to control and share their health information. Testing the user acceptance toward new technology is a vital process. Over the previous decades many models have been used and the latest one was UTAUT2. UTAUT2 have been widely used in e-business and gaming user acceptance researches, whereas, it has been rarely used in health field. This study proposes a combination of UTAUT2 and PMT in order to investigate the user acceptance of PHRs. Relevant factors may be added at the literature review stage. The final model will be used as a framework to investigate the user acceptance of PHRs in Malaysia.

eGovernment initiatives all over the world endeavor to integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to transform delivery of government services to their stakeholders by improving quality of services, accountability and efficiency. In this study we explore adoption of ICT to enhance government-to-employee interactions in a government organization in a developing country. We examine this adoption behavior by utilizing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) that provides an integrative view of user acceptance. We found that performance and effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions all positively impact the use of the ICT. We did not find a significant moderating effect of gender on these relationships.

Port community systems (PCS), which are networks which link up the port with all the companies that use it, play a crucial role for the competitive power of the port. Although these systems have promising benefits for the users, a lot of companies are reluctant to adopt them. Previous studies state severe resistance of the port users which causes failure of the projects or delays and additional costs.

An important aspect in successfully implementing instructional technology in educational settings is user acceptance, which is greatly influenced by users' attitudes towards computers. Today, computers have become an integral part of instruction at all levels of education and it is important for educators and policy makers to understand how various factors interact with the user's characteristics to influence the teaching and learning process involving the use of computers. Over the years, many scales have been developed to measure computer attitudes of secondary students and adults. Few have been develop to be used for students in the primary schools. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a computer attitude measure for young students (CAMYS). The revised 12-item CAMYS was piloted with 256 students aged 10-12 with a mean of 11.9 years (SD = 0.31). Several statistical analyses were performed to assess the reliability and validity of the measure. The measure, together with suggestions for administration and scoring are included.

With the growing popularity of mobile technology, mobile communications are becoming an important channel for tourism organisations. This study builds upon a conceptual framework that explains the factors infl uencing tourist acceptance of mobile devices. To represent the uniqueness of mobile technology acceptance based on an extensive literature review on user technology acceptance, this study proposes two external variables (technology experience and trip experience) and two infl uential determinants (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use). These factors together determine user attitudes towards using mobile devices and, consequently, infl uence user intention and willingness to adopt mobile devices in the tourism context. The results of a confi rmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling showed that trip experience and technology experience positively infl uenced perceived performance and perceived ease of use, and the factors positively related to travellers' attitudes towards using mobile devices and intention to use them within the tourism context.

The usage of the online digital library has bee remarkable in the world of education. Most university provide good facility to their students which including access to various bibliographic databases such as IEEE Explore digital library. Although universities all over the world have been investing million of dollars in providing usable digital libraries, it remains unnoticed by students or is badly under-utilized in spite of their availability. This study is focussing on the relationship between perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and intention to use of IEEE Xplore among the user at School of Microelectronic engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis. Data of 88 respondents were collected prior to the distributed questionnaire then being analysed using SPSS® to test the research hypotheses. The study revealed that perceived ease of use had a strong direct effect on perceive usefulness; perceive usefulness also had a strong direct effect on intention to use; and perceive ease of use had a moderate direct effect on intention to use which is consistent to TAM approach. In that way, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness can be used to predict user's intention to use.

In Computer Science Program run by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, students are required to develop a software prototype and write a dissertation for their final year project. Preliminary observation has shown that for the last five years, an increasing number of students failed to complete prototype development within the allocated time. Current practice uses a log book to document meetings and discussions between supervisors and students. Although a detailed schedule has been proposed, there is no monitoring process to trigger specific actions to make sure all deadlines are met. To improve project monitoring and supervision, a prototype of a web-based supervision management system was designed and developed. The initial prototype consists of three modules, namely user profile, project monitoring (of software development and report writing) and appointment setting. Once the prototype is completed, we plan to conduct a user acceptance test.

Evidence indicates that user acceptance of modern artificial limbs by amputees would be significantly enhanced by a system that provides appropriate, graded, distally referred sensations of touch and joint movement, and that the functionality of limb prostheses would be improved by a more natural control mechanism. We have recently demonstrated that it is possible to implant electrodes within individual fascicles of peripheral nerve stumps in amputees, that stimulation through these electrodes can produce graded, discrete sensations of touch or movement referred to the amputee's phantom hand, and that recordings of motor neuron activity associated with attempted movements of the phantom limb through these electrodes can be used as graded control signals. We report here that this approach allows amputees to both judge and set grip force and joint position in an artificial arm, in the absence of visual input, thus providing a substrate for better integration of the artificial limb into the amputee's body image. We believe this to be the first demonstration of direct neural feedback from and direct neural control of an artificial arm in amputees.

In this paper, pen computing, i.e., the use of computers and applications in which the pen is the main input device, will be described from four different angles. In the first section, a brief overview will be given on the hardware developments in pen systems. After concluding that the technological developments in this area did not lead to the expected user acceptance of pen computing, the reasons underlying this market failure are explored: The second part deals with Pen-User Interfacing (PUI) aspects. Problems of pen-user interface design are described. Existing and new applications are summarized. The third part is concerned with the handwriting process and product. The last part deals with automatic recognition methodologies. Four basic factors determining handwriting variation and variability are identified. A handwriting recognition approach using segmentation into velocity-based strokes is handled in somewhat more detail. A large-scale project (UNIPEN) concerns the benchmarking of the performance of on-line handwriting recognition algorithms which is crucial for the advancement of the state of the art in this area.