Skip to main content

Nuno J Nunes

Instituto Superior Técnico, Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty Member

Instituto Superior Técnico, Interactive Technologies Institute, Faculty Member

Followers

79

Following

2

Public Views

Nuno Nunes is a Full professor at Tecnico U. Lisbon and the President of the Interaction Technologies Institute (ITI) a research unit of the LARSYS Associated Laboratory. He's also co-Director of the Carnegie Mellon International partnership (www.cmuportugal.org) and adjunct faculty at the HCII at CMU. Nuno’s research interests lie in the application of models to software, system and service design for the domains of environmental sustainability and participatory culture. Nuno is a strong advocate of the role of design in engineering. Nuno organised several key conference of the ACM SIGCHI (www.sigchi,org) and published more than 140 peer-reviewed papers in international journals and conferences in the areas of software engineering, HCI and service science. He was PI and co-PI of several research projects totalling more than 12M€ from European to nationally and industry funded.
Supervisors: João Falcão e Cunha
Address: Lisbon, Portugal

less

InterestsView All (6)

Uploads

Papers by Nuno J Nunes

Making model-based UI design practical: usable and open methods and tools

Model-based IU is an established discipline. However, it has not been adopted in the software ind... more Model-based IU is an established discipline. However, it has not been adopted in the software industry with the initial expected success, and it has been kept in the meanwhile in the academia. The main aim of this workshop is to analyze the current problems with model-based UI design approaches and envision the main characteristics and challenges to solve in the next generation of model-based UI tools.

Wisdom - Whitewater Interactive System Development with Object Models

This chapter presents Wisdom (Whitewater Interactive System Development with Object Models), an i... more This chapter presents Wisdom (Whitewater Interactive System Development with Object Models), an integrated, lightweight, Unified Modelling Language based, software-engineering method. Wisdom is both a method for developing interactive software and an approach for software process improvement in small software developing companies. Wisdom makes extensive use of object models to support user-interface design within an evolutionary prototyping software process. Here we describe our approach and how it can be used for effective and controlled design of interactive systems by small software developing companies or small groups of people within user organisations.

Wisdom - A UML Based Architecture for Interactive Systems

The UML is recognized to be the dominant diagrammatic modeling language in the software industry.... more The UML is recognized to be the dominant diagrammatic modeling language in the software industry. However, it’s support for building interactive systems is still acknowledged to be insufficient. In this paper we discuss and identify the major problems using the UML framework for interactive system development, specifically, in what concerns the architectural issues. Here we present a conceptual architectural model that expands the analysis framework of the Unified Process and the UML profile for software development processes. Our proposal leverages on user-interface domain knowledge, fostering coevolutionary development of interactive systems and enabling artifact change between software engineering and human-computer interaction, under the common notation and semantics of the UML.

An MDA Approach for Generating Web Interfaces with UML ConcurTaskTrees and Canonical Abstract Prototypes

UML has become the standard language for modelling in different areas and domains, but it is wide... more UML has become the standard language for modelling in different areas and domains, but it is widely recognized that it lacks support for User Interface Design (UID). On the other hand, ConcurTaskTree (CTT) is one of the most widely used notations for task and dialogue modelling. An important achievement is the proposed notation and semantics for CTT by extending the UML metamodel, proving that task modelling in user interface design can be accomplished by a UML compliant notation. For the interface structure design was proposed that UML’s CTT could be complemented with Canonical Abstract Prototypes (CAP) leading to a model-based user interface design method co-specified by the presentation (CAP) and behaviour (UML’s CTT) perspectives. In this paper we propose another step in this UID method by defining a specific model compliant with the OMG recommended Model Driven Architecture (MDA), which will be the intermediary between the design model and an implementation of the user interface. This proposal will align the UID method with the MDA recommendation making it possible to automatically generate interface prototypes from conceptual models.

Representing User-Interface Patterns in UML

Software patterns played a major role in object-oriented development, enabling and promoting reus... more Software patterns played a major role in object-oriented development, enabling and promoting reuse at higher levels of abstraction. Patterns provided an excellent way to increase the productivity and control in object-oriented information systems’ development. The user-interface is well known to be responsible for a considerable part of the development effort in interactive systems. Yet, we still lack a standard, or at least commonly accepted, notation to express technical representations of UI patterns that convey the solution in an abstract way that can be applied in many different design situations. In this paper we argue that one of the problems preventing the identification and dissemination of UI patterns is the lack of such a modeling notation. We discuss this problem and present an approach based on set of UML extensions specifically adapted for UI design.

Principles and Practice of Work Style Modeling: Sketching Design Tools

In our research, we have been combining Work Style modeling with the well-established principles ... more In our research, we have been combining Work Style modeling with the well-established principles of Usage-Centered Design having the objective of designing and evaluating better design tools. Our approach distinguishes itself from the fact that it combines work style quantitative data (easily obtained through logging tools) with qualitative data that predicts a given tool’s level of acceptance. We describe a set of principles that were proven successful during this design process, illustrate sketches of the tools, and highlight the relevant design aspects that worked and those that didn’t work.

Customer Experience Requirements for Multiplatform Service Interaction: Bringing Services Marketing to the Elicitation of User Requirements

... Bringing Services Marketing to the Elicitation of User Requirements Lia Patrício Faculdade de... more

Towards a UML profile for interaction design: the Wisdom approach

The UML is recognized to be the dominant diagrammatic modeling language in the software industry.... more The UML is recognized to be the dominant diagrammatic modeling language in the software industry. However, it’s support for building interactive systems is still acknowledged to be insufficient. There is a common misconception that the same models developed to support the design of the application internals are also adequate to support interaction design, leveraging the usability aspects of the applications. In this paper we identify and discuss the major problems using the UML to document, specify and design interactive systems. Here we propose a UML profile for interactive systems development that leverages on human-computer interaction domain knowledge under the common notation and semantics of the UML. Our proposal integrates with existing object-oriented software engineering best practice, fostering co- evolutionary development of interactive systems and enabling artifact change between software engineering and human-computer interaction.

Designing interaction experiences for multi-platform service provision with essential use cases

This paper addresses the problem of interaction design for service provision to customers in a mu... more This paper addresses the problem of interaction design for service provision to customers in a multi-platform environment. It is based on a qualitative and quantitative study of a Portuguese multi-channel retail bank, and shows that, as most of the financial operations are functionally available across the different service platforms, experience requirements become increasingly influential in customers' usage of the different channels. Different financial services generate different interaction needs, and the fit between experience requirements and channel performance in satisfying those needs has a strong impact on customer channel choices. Based on these findings, essential use cases are applied and extended to capture experience requirements for the different financial operations in a technology independent way. With this approach, interaction designers can identify which platforms are best suited to provide the different services available, improving the multi-channel service as a whole. On the other hand, it also enables the identification of areas of interaction experience that need improvement in each platform, if services offered are likely to be effectively used.

Galactic Dimensions: A Unifying Workstyle Model for User-Centered Design

This paper describes a new unifying workstyle model for the user-centered design process, compris... more This paper describes a new unifying workstyle model for the user-centered design process, comprised of eight dimensions that we claim as fundamental to supporting the UCD process. Our proposal is new because it is the first workstyle model tailored to UCD. We also show the usefulness of workstyle modeling when evaluating the stage/effort of a project at a given time. Our workstyle model was based on the identification of the main obstacles to UCD and SE integration, current research results and extensive observation of HCI students involved in UCD projects. Though simple, it models the designer’s behavior and can be effectively and easily used to (a) choose adequate tool support for a given phase of a project and (b) drive the development of new UCD tools.

A Bridge too Far: The WISDOM Approach

Haya Shida, Subscribe (Full Service), Register (Limited Service, Free), Login. Search: The ACM Di... more

A Human-Work Interaction Design Approach by Modeling the User's Work Styles

Page 1. A Human-Work Interaction Design Approach by Modeling the User&amp;amp;amp;#x27;s Work... more

Addressing Marketing Requirements in User-Interface Design for Multiple Platforms

The commercial use of the Internet for service provision has deeply changed the environment where... more The commercial use of the Internet for service provision has deeply changed the environment where human-computer interaction takes place. Web interfaces are now integrated in overall service provision, and are designed for a huge and diversified set of potential users, in an uncontrolled context. With the aim of understanding customer interaction needs and improving the methods of requirements elicitation in the web context, a qualitative study of a multi-channel Portuguese bank was made. The results obtained so far indicate that Interaction Design and Services Marketing have strong complementarities. The Marketing perspective is especially useful with regard to the study of customer experience requirements, which are increasingly influential in customer decisions to adopt Internet services. Essential use cases are also very useful in the multiple platform service context, as they allow the elicitation of experience requirements in a technology-independent way, and therefore allow an integrated management of the different interaction channels.

A UML-Based Tool for Designing User Interfaces

Existing software modeling tools are widely recognized to be hard to use and, hence, to adopt. We... more Existing software modeling tools are widely recognized to be hard to use and, hence, to adopt. We believe those usability problems are related to a legacy of formalism-centric tools that don’t promote the new challenges of modern software development. In this short paper, we briefly describe a new tool, under development, that tries to promote usability in modeling tools to support collaborative development of interactive software. It focuses on usable, real-world languages and a developer-centered design.

Practitioner Tools and Workstyles for User-Interface Design

IEEE Software, 2007

0 7 4 0 -7 4 5 9 / 0 7 / $ 2 0 . 0 0 © 2 0 0 7 I E E E J a n u a r y / F e b r u a r y 2 0 0 7 I E

Towards useful and usable interaction design tools: CanonSketch

Interacting with Computers, 2007

Despite all the effort dedicated to bringing better User-Centered Design (UCD) tools to market, c... more Despite all the effort dedicated to bringing better User-Centered Design (UCD) tools to market, current studies show that the industry is still dominated by tools that do not support the activities and workstyles of designers. Also, there is a growing need for interaction design tools aimed at software engineers, a problem related to bringing usability into the software engineering processes.

Towards an Experimental Framework for Measuring Usability of Model-Driven Tools

Journal of Membrane Science, 2011

According to the Model-Driven Development (MDD) paradigm, analysts can substantially improve the ... more According to the Model-Driven Development (MDD) paradigm, analysts can substantially improve the software development process concentrating their efforts on a conceptual model, which can be transformed into code by means of transformation rules applied by a model compiler. However, MDD tools are not widely used in industry. One of the reasons for this poor adoption is the lack of usability of MDD tools. This paper presents a framework to evaluate the usability of such tools. The framework will be used as a basis for a family of experiments to get clear insights into the barriers to usability that prevent MDD tools from being widely adopted in industry.

Towards Usable Analysis, Design and Modeling Tools

In this paper, we discuss the issues preventing adoption of analysis, design and modeling (AMD) s... more In this paper, we discuss the issues preventing adoption of analysis, design and modeling (AMD) software development tools. We argue that AMD tools are experiencing the same problems observed with UI tools in the past. We recall those problems and outline the major developments that AMD tools should focus to achieve stronger market acceptance, in particular we argue that such an acceptance will only be possible with a new generation of developer-centric tools that clearly support UI specific activities.

CanonSketch: A User-Centered Tool for Canonical Abstract Prototyping

In this paper, we argue that current user interface modeling tools are developed using a formalis... more In this paper, we argue that current user interface modeling tools are developed using a formalism-centric approach that does not support the needs of modern software development. In order to solve this problem we need both usable and expressive notations and tools that enable the creation of user-interface specifications that leverage the design and thought process. In this paper we present the CanonSketch tool. CanonSketch supports a new UI specification language – Canonical Abstract Prototypes (CAP) – that bridges the gap between envisioned user behavior and the concrete user interface. The tool also supports two additional and synchronized views of the UI: the Wisdom UML presentation extension and concrete HTML user interfaces. In this way the tool seamlessly supports designers while switching from high level abstract views of the UI and low-level concrete realizations.

Customer experience modeling: from customer experience to service design

Purpose -Customer experience has become increasingly important for service organizations that see... more Purpose -Customer experience has become increasingly important for service organizations that see it as a source of sustainable competitive advantage, and for service designers, who consider it fundamental to any service design project. Design/methodology/approach -Integrating contributions from different fields, CEM was conceptually developed to represent the different aspects of customer experience in a holistic diagrammatic representation. CEM was further developed with an application to a multimedia service. To further develop and build CEM's models, 17 customers of a multimedia service provider were interviewed and the data were analyzed using Grounded Theory methodology. Findings -Combining multidisciplinary contributions to represent customer experience elements enables the systematization of its complex information. The application to a multimedia service highlights how CEM can facilitate the work of multidisciplinary design teams by providing more insightful inputs to service design. Originality/value -CEM supports the holistic nature of customer experience, providing a systematic portrayal of its context and shifting the focus from single experience elements to their orchestration.

Making model-based UI design practical: usable and open methods and tools

Model-based IU is an established discipline. However, it has not been adopted in the software ind... more Model-based IU is an established discipline. However, it has not been adopted in the software industry with the initial expected success, and it has been kept in the meanwhile in the academia. The main aim of this workshop is to analyze the current problems with model-based UI design approaches and envision the main characteristics and challenges to solve in the next generation of model-based UI tools.

Wisdom - Whitewater Interactive System Development with Object Models

This chapter presents Wisdom (Whitewater Interactive System Development with Object Models), an i... more This chapter presents Wisdom (Whitewater Interactive System Development with Object Models), an integrated, lightweight, Unified Modelling Language based, software-engineering method. Wisdom is both a method for developing interactive software and an approach for software process improvement in small software developing companies. Wisdom makes extensive use of object models to support user-interface design within an evolutionary prototyping software process. Here we describe our approach and how it can be used for effective and controlled design of interactive systems by small software developing companies or small groups of people within user organisations.

Wisdom - A UML Based Architecture for Interactive Systems

The UML is recognized to be the dominant diagrammatic modeling language in the software industry.... more The UML is recognized to be the dominant diagrammatic modeling language in the software industry. However, it’s support for building interactive systems is still acknowledged to be insufficient. In this paper we discuss and identify the major problems using the UML framework for interactive system development, specifically, in what concerns the architectural issues. Here we present a conceptual architectural model that expands the analysis framework of the Unified Process and the UML profile for software development processes. Our proposal leverages on user-interface domain knowledge, fostering coevolutionary development of interactive systems and enabling artifact change between software engineering and human-computer interaction, under the common notation and semantics of the UML.

An MDA Approach for Generating Web Interfaces with UML ConcurTaskTrees and Canonical Abstract Prototypes

UML has become the standard language for modelling in different areas and domains, but it is wide... more UML has become the standard language for modelling in different areas and domains, but it is widely recognized that it lacks support for User Interface Design (UID). On the other hand, ConcurTaskTree (CTT) is one of the most widely used notations for task and dialogue modelling. An important achievement is the proposed notation and semantics for CTT by extending the UML metamodel, proving that task modelling in user interface design can be accomplished by a UML compliant notation. For the interface structure design was proposed that UML’s CTT could be complemented with Canonical Abstract Prototypes (CAP) leading to a model-based user interface design method co-specified by the presentation (CAP) and behaviour (UML’s CTT) perspectives. In this paper we propose another step in this UID method by defining a specific model compliant with the OMG recommended Model Driven Architecture (MDA), which will be the intermediary between the design model and an implementation of the user interface. This proposal will align the UID method with the MDA recommendation making it possible to automatically generate interface prototypes from conceptual models.

Representing User-Interface Patterns in UML

Software patterns played a major role in object-oriented development, enabling and promoting reus... more Software patterns played a major role in object-oriented development, enabling and promoting reuse at higher levels of abstraction. Patterns provided an excellent way to increase the productivity and control in object-oriented information systems’ development. The user-interface is well known to be responsible for a considerable part of the development effort in interactive systems. Yet, we still lack a standard, or at least commonly accepted, notation to express technical representations of UI patterns that convey the solution in an abstract way that can be applied in many different design situations. In this paper we argue that one of the problems preventing the identification and dissemination of UI patterns is the lack of such a modeling notation. We discuss this problem and present an approach based on set of UML extensions specifically adapted for UI design.

Principles and Practice of Work Style Modeling: Sketching Design Tools

In our research, we have been combining Work Style modeling with the well-established principles ... more In our research, we have been combining Work Style modeling with the well-established principles of Usage-Centered Design having the objective of designing and evaluating better design tools. Our approach distinguishes itself from the fact that it combines work style quantitative data (easily obtained through logging tools) with qualitative data that predicts a given tool’s level of acceptance. We describe a set of principles that were proven successful during this design process, illustrate sketches of the tools, and highlight the relevant design aspects that worked and those that didn’t work.

Customer Experience Requirements for Multiplatform Service Interaction: Bringing Services Marketing to the Elicitation of User Requirements

... Bringing Services Marketing to the Elicitation of User Requirements Lia Patrício Faculdade de... more

Towards a UML profile for interaction design: the Wisdom approach

The UML is recognized to be the dominant diagrammatic modeling language in the software industry.... more The UML is recognized to be the dominant diagrammatic modeling language in the software industry. However, it’s support for building interactive systems is still acknowledged to be insufficient. There is a common misconception that the same models developed to support the design of the application internals are also adequate to support interaction design, leveraging the usability aspects of the applications. In this paper we identify and discuss the major problems using the UML to document, specify and design interactive systems. Here we propose a UML profile for interactive systems development that leverages on human-computer interaction domain knowledge under the common notation and semantics of the UML. Our proposal integrates with existing object-oriented software engineering best practice, fostering co- evolutionary development of interactive systems and enabling artifact change between software engineering and human-computer interaction.

Designing interaction experiences for multi-platform service provision with essential use cases

This paper addresses the problem of interaction design for service provision to customers in a mu... more This paper addresses the problem of interaction design for service provision to customers in a multi-platform environment. It is based on a qualitative and quantitative study of a Portuguese multi-channel retail bank, and shows that, as most of the financial operations are functionally available across the different service platforms, experience requirements become increasingly influential in customers' usage of the different channels. Different financial services generate different interaction needs, and the fit between experience requirements and channel performance in satisfying those needs has a strong impact on customer channel choices. Based on these findings, essential use cases are applied and extended to capture experience requirements for the different financial operations in a technology independent way. With this approach, interaction designers can identify which platforms are best suited to provide the different services available, improving the multi-channel service as a whole. On the other hand, it also enables the identification of areas of interaction experience that need improvement in each platform, if services offered are likely to be effectively used.

Galactic Dimensions: A Unifying Workstyle Model for User-Centered Design

This paper describes a new unifying workstyle model for the user-centered design process, compris... more This paper describes a new unifying workstyle model for the user-centered design process, comprised of eight dimensions that we claim as fundamental to supporting the UCD process. Our proposal is new because it is the first workstyle model tailored to UCD. We also show the usefulness of workstyle modeling when evaluating the stage/effort of a project at a given time. Our workstyle model was based on the identification of the main obstacles to UCD and SE integration, current research results and extensive observation of HCI students involved in UCD projects. Though simple, it models the designer’s behavior and can be effectively and easily used to (a) choose adequate tool support for a given phase of a project and (b) drive the development of new UCD tools.

A Bridge too Far: The WISDOM Approach

Haya Shida, Subscribe (Full Service), Register (Limited Service, Free), Login. Search: The ACM Di... more

A Human-Work Interaction Design Approach by Modeling the User's Work Styles

Page 1. A Human-Work Interaction Design Approach by Modeling the User&amp;amp;amp;#x27;s Work... more

Addressing Marketing Requirements in User-Interface Design for Multiple Platforms

The commercial use of the Internet for service provision has deeply changed the environment where... more The commercial use of the Internet for service provision has deeply changed the environment where human-computer interaction takes place. Web interfaces are now integrated in overall service provision, and are designed for a huge and diversified set of potential users, in an uncontrolled context. With the aim of understanding customer interaction needs and improving the methods of requirements elicitation in the web context, a qualitative study of a multi-channel Portuguese bank was made. The results obtained so far indicate that Interaction Design and Services Marketing have strong complementarities. The Marketing perspective is especially useful with regard to the study of customer experience requirements, which are increasingly influential in customer decisions to adopt Internet services. Essential use cases are also very useful in the multiple platform service context, as they allow the elicitation of experience requirements in a technology-independent way, and therefore allow an integrated management of the different interaction channels.

A UML-Based Tool for Designing User Interfaces

Existing software modeling tools are widely recognized to be hard to use and, hence, to adopt. We... more Existing software modeling tools are widely recognized to be hard to use and, hence, to adopt. We believe those usability problems are related to a legacy of formalism-centric tools that don’t promote the new challenges of modern software development. In this short paper, we briefly describe a new tool, under development, that tries to promote usability in modeling tools to support collaborative development of interactive software. It focuses on usable, real-world languages and a developer-centered design.

Practitioner Tools and Workstyles for User-Interface Design

IEEE Software, 2007

0 7 4 0 -7 4 5 9 / 0 7 / $ 2 0 . 0 0 © 2 0 0 7 I E E E J a n u a r y / F e b r u a r y 2 0 0 7 I E

Towards useful and usable interaction design tools: CanonSketch

Interacting with Computers, 2007

Despite all the effort dedicated to bringing better User-Centered Design (UCD) tools to market, c... more Despite all the effort dedicated to bringing better User-Centered Design (UCD) tools to market, current studies show that the industry is still dominated by tools that do not support the activities and workstyles of designers. Also, there is a growing need for interaction design tools aimed at software engineers, a problem related to bringing usability into the software engineering processes.

Towards an Experimental Framework for Measuring Usability of Model-Driven Tools

Journal of Membrane Science, 2011

According to the Model-Driven Development (MDD) paradigm, analysts can substantially improve the ... more According to the Model-Driven Development (MDD) paradigm, analysts can substantially improve the software development process concentrating their efforts on a conceptual model, which can be transformed into code by means of transformation rules applied by a model compiler. However, MDD tools are not widely used in industry. One of the reasons for this poor adoption is the lack of usability of MDD tools. This paper presents a framework to evaluate the usability of such tools. The framework will be used as a basis for a family of experiments to get clear insights into the barriers to usability that prevent MDD tools from being widely adopted in industry.

Towards Usable Analysis, Design and Modeling Tools

In this paper, we discuss the issues preventing adoption of analysis, design and modeling (AMD) s... more In this paper, we discuss the issues preventing adoption of analysis, design and modeling (AMD) software development tools. We argue that AMD tools are experiencing the same problems observed with UI tools in the past. We recall those problems and outline the major developments that AMD tools should focus to achieve stronger market acceptance, in particular we argue that such an acceptance will only be possible with a new generation of developer-centric tools that clearly support UI specific activities.

CanonSketch: A User-Centered Tool for Canonical Abstract Prototyping

In this paper, we argue that current user interface modeling tools are developed using a formalis... more In this paper, we argue that current user interface modeling tools are developed using a formalism-centric approach that does not support the needs of modern software development. In order to solve this problem we need both usable and expressive notations and tools that enable the creation of user-interface specifications that leverage the design and thought process. In this paper we present the CanonSketch tool. CanonSketch supports a new UI specification language – Canonical Abstract Prototypes (CAP) – that bridges the gap between envisioned user behavior and the concrete user interface. The tool also supports two additional and synchronized views of the UI: the Wisdom UML presentation extension and concrete HTML user interfaces. In this way the tool seamlessly supports designers while switching from high level abstract views of the UI and low-level concrete realizations.

Customer experience modeling: from customer experience to service design

Purpose -Customer experience has become increasingly important for service organizations that see... more Purpose -Customer experience has become increasingly important for service organizations that see it as a source of sustainable competitive advantage, and for service designers, who consider it fundamental to any service design project. Design/methodology/approach -Integrating contributions from different fields, CEM was conceptually developed to represent the different aspects of customer experience in a holistic diagrammatic representation. CEM was further developed with an application to a multimedia service. To further develop and build CEM's models, 17 customers of a multimedia service provider were interviewed and the data were analyzed using Grounded Theory methodology. Findings -Combining multidisciplinary contributions to represent customer experience elements enables the systematization of its complex information. The application to a multimedia service highlights how CEM can facilitate the work of multidisciplinary design teams by providing more insightful inputs to service design. Originality/value -CEM supports the holistic nature of customer experience, providing a systematic portrayal of its context and shifting the focus from single experience elements to their orchestration.