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Removal of colorectal adenomas during colonoscopy reduces the incidence of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and CRC-related mortality [1 -4]. Despite surveillance of patients after resection of adenomas [5] the risk of developing CRC remains higher than in the general population [6]. Moreover, it is known that CRC can be detected in the interval between scheduled surveillance colonoscopies [7]. One of the important causes for interval carcinomas is incomplete removal of the original adenoma [8 -10]. As residual adenomatous tissue has been shown to be capable of rapid regeneration , incomplete resection may result in local recurrence . Several studies have indicated that incomplete removal contributes to a higher subsequent incidence of CRC [5, 9, 14 -16].

Which domains in life produce the greatest potential for regret, and what features of those life domains explain why? Using archival and laboratory evidence, the authors show that greater perceived opportunity within life domains evokes more intense regret. This pattern is consistent with previous publications demonstrating greater regret stemming from high rather than low opportunity or choice. A meta-analysis of 11 regret ranking studies revealed that the top six biggest regrets in life center on (in descending order) education, career, romance, parenting, the self, and leisure. Study Set 2 provided new laboratory evidence that directly linked the regret ranking to perceived opportunity. Study Set 3 ruled out an alternative interpretation involving framing effects. Overall, these findings show that people's biggest regrets are a reflection of where in life they see their largest opportunities; that is, where they see tangible prospects for change, growth, and renewal.

The thesis explores how the literary status of Fitzgerald’s novel published in 1925 evolved from being dismissed to becoming a canonical work of American Literature after the death of its author. The role of criticism and adaptations and how they intertwined to popularize the novel among the academic elite and the general public is examined. Four critical studies in different decades of recent history are analyzed to show the different approaches to the novel as well as its relation to the American Dream. The thesis suggests that the four critical studies discussed reflect viewpoints impacted by the cultural and socio-economic factors that marked the decade of their appearance: Kermit Moyer (1973), Ross Posnock (1984), Ray Canterbery (1999), and Benjamin Shreier (2007). Their approaches demonstrate the many ways The Great Gatsby can be viewed and thus its richness as a text. The three film adaptations of the novel in turn depict directors’ take on the novel as well as exhibiting the limitations, predilections, and technical possibilities of the time of their production: Nugent’s (1949), Clayton’s (1974), and Luhrmann’s (2013). The controversial aspects of these adaptations as indicated by reviews and articles, which evaluate them as to how they present Gatsby and the American Dream, have increased the debate and the interest in the novel. Though the novel is located in the U.S. in the Roaring Twenties associated with the Jazz Age, it continues to speak to present audience by evoking issues related to class, mobility, ethics, and romance.

While software play integral role in every aspect of the modern world, software development process still faces many problems. During development process in an organization, effective methodology has a crucial role in order to become accomplished. Agile approach is new methodologies which have been introduced recently as a new approach for developing software to increase productivity and efficacy of software development process compare to traditional methodologies. Whereas, accomplishment of this methodology is still anecdotal about relationship between factor in four dimensions and quality, scope, time, and cost by using agile process. This questionnaire and analysis of this case study has proved some of authors' hypothesis like the fact that by using agile methodology organization dimension is related directly to quality of product instead of reduction of total cost or using team management techniques can affect timeless factor instead of cost reduction. Finally, researcher makes more suggestions in order to make success factors more effective and increase productivity during the development process and to have more accomplishment in agile base projects.

A special thanks to my partner Petra, whose emotional support and patience has been invaluable, and to my family and friends for your support and courageous attempts to understand what I'm talking about. I would also like to acknowledge my participants, who allowed me to mess with their heads for a brief period. Without your openness, trust, and cooperation , I would be without sufficient data to interpret.

In de ontmoeting tussen jongeren enerzijds en de gemeente en woningcorporaties anderzijds speelt beeldvorming een belangrijke rol. Dit hoofdstuk laat zien hoe jongeren in sociale woningbouw vaak geen helder beeld hebben van de gemeente en de woningcorporaties. Vervolgens wordt beschreven hoe deze organisaties op hun beurt aandacht besteden aan jeugdigen. Er wordt geconcludeerd dat deze organisaties, die grote invloed hebben op het leven van jongeren en hun toekomst, deze groep niet altijd goed in beeld hebben. Ten slotte wordt stilgestaan bij het risico dat categorieën die in beleid rondom jongeren worden gehanteerd kunnen bijdragen aan het bezien van 'de jongere' als probleem.

The greater emphasis on information books in elementary schools has led to an increased emphasis on informational writing as well. Although some have suggested utilizing mentor texts to engage children in informational writing, there has been little information about the developmental progression of children's ability to compose in this genre. What has been missing is advice on how to support children's approximations of the information report genre. This article aims to do precisely that by presenting a developmental framework of informational writing derived from a study of K–5 children's writing. We share the framework, provide examples of children's compositions at each developmental level, and demonstrate how teachers can use this continuum to support increasingly more mature forms of information text.

to the notion of FLOSS community 13 2.3.4 FLOSS Project artifacts 13 2.3.5 Community roles 14 2.3.6 Relationship between core and non-core developers 17 2.3.7 Multiple roles and non-programming/non-technical tasks in FLOSS communities 17 2.3.8 Shift from a FLOSS project-centered to a community-centered focus 18 2.4 Individual contribution behaviour and performance in FLOSS communities 20 2.4.1 Contribution and performance in FLOSS research 20 2.4.2 A reconceptualization of performance and contributor behaviour 23 2.5 Towards the importance of newcomer socialization 28 2.6 Socialization literature and FLOSS socialization 30 2.6.1 Differences between FLOSS socialization and organizational socialization 30 2.6.2 The socialization literature tradition 32 2.6.3 Past FLOSS research about socialization 33 2.6.4 Van Maanen and Schein's socialization tactics 36 2.6.5 Refinements of Van Maanen and Schein's model by Jones (1986) 38 2.6.6 Aspects of Van Maanen and Schein's socialization tactics in large and complex FLOSS projects 39 2.6.7 Overall socialization framework in organizational behaviour 41 2.6.8 Socialization and performance 43 2.7 Summary of literature review and research gaps 48 vii viii contents 2.8 Preliminary research models 49 2.8.1 Conceptualization of the main notions 50 2.8.2 Preliminary research models 51 3 research design 53 3.1 Theoretical perspective of this research 53 3.1.1 Ontology 53 3.1.2 Epistemology 54 3.2 Perspectives about methodology selection 55 3.3 Chapter summary 56 4 qualitative assessment of floss newcomer experience and contributor performance 57 4.1 Introduction 57 4.2 Methodological choices 57 4.2.1 Interviews vs. focus groups 57 4.2.2 Recorded semi-structured interviews 58 4.2.3 Sampling 59 4.3 Data analysis procedure 60 4.3.1 Data reduction 60 4.3.2 Data display 63 4.3.3 Conclusion drawing and verification 65 4.4 Interview participants' characteristics 66 4.4.1 Interview procedure 66 4.5 Results 68 4.5.1 Relevance of performance operationalization 68 4.5.2 Findings about FLOSS community citizenship behaviours 69 4.5.3 Interview findings about socialization in FLOSS communities 79 4.6 A FLOSS socialization model 88 4.7 Chapter summary 90 5 conceptual models and research hypotheses 91 5.1 Conceptual definitions 91 5.2 Dual investigation and conceptual models 92 5.3 First research model 92 5.4 Second Conceptual Research Model 96 5.4.1 Overall description 96 5.4.2 Social identification 97 5.4.3 Relationship between socialization experience and social identification 99 5.4.4 Social integration 101 5.4.5 Relationship between socialization experience and social integration 103 5.5 Chapter Summary 106 6 methodology 107 6.1 Methodological choices 107 6.1.1 Survey method 107 6.1.2 Online survey versus regular survey 108 6.2 1st Phase 109 6.3 2nd Phase 109 6.3.1 Item generation 111 contents ix 6.3.2 Expert panel 123 6.3.3 Card sorting 131 6.3.4 Survey design 143 6.3.5 Pretest 145 6.3.6 Pilot study 146 6.3.7 Refinements before survey administration 165 6.4 3rd Phase 167 6.4.1 Survey administration and data collection 167 6.4.2 Dataset release under a FLOSS license 172 6.4.3 SEM technique : Partial least squares 173 6.5 Chapter Summary 174 7 results 175 7.1 Respondent demographics 175 7.2 Dataset characteristics 177 7.3 Validation and measurement of CCB as a second-order construct 179 7.4 Measurement model evaluation 180 7.4.1 Criteria for measurement model evaluation 180 7.4.2 Exploratory Factor Analysis 182 7.4.3 Measurement model 1: Results 186 7.4.4 Measurement model 2: Results 187 7.4.5 About the dimensionality of CCB 189 7.5 Structural model evaluation 189 7.5.1 Criteria for structural model evaluation 189 7.5.2

Ordering information is a difficult but a important task for natural language generation applications. A wrong order of information not only makes it difficult to understand, but also conveys an entirely different idea to the reader. This paper proposes an algorithm that learns orderings from a set of human ordered texts. Our model consists of a set of ordering experts. Each expert gives its precedence preference between two sentences. We combine these preferences and order sentences. We also propose two new metrics for the evaluation of sentence orderings. Our experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing methods in all evaluation metrics.

Genre' is almost a dirty word among creative writers. It seems to imply something derivative rather than original, commercial rather than artistic, prescriptive rather than innovative. These perspectives, however, can be called into question by recognising that genres are not static, ahistorical categories. Rather, genres are processes. They are formed, negotiated and reformed, both tacitly and explicitly, by the interactions of authors, readers and (importantly) institutions. At work in any genre are regimes of verisimilitude: loose rules of plausibility and probability which mean that certain generic elements are expected and therefore indispensible if a genre is to be recognisable (to authors, readers, institutions) at specific times. To demonstrate my point, I will be using the example of how my novel Giants of the Frost (2004) was positioned and repositioned in terms of genre: via my own intentions, via reader reception and via institutional influences (e.g. the university, my publishers, the media, booksellers). The novel draws on Scandinavian mythology, a source which is heavily associated with the fantasy fiction genre. How this genre, against my intentions, made a claim on Giants of the Frost demonstrates the power of verisimilitude, and the processual nature of genre formation. The Bulgarian structuralist, Tzvetan Todorov, holds that genres are not fixed and ahistorical categories, nor are they necessarily constricting. Genres are merely 'relay points by which the work assumes a relation with the universe of literature' (Todorov 1973: 8), and rather than a necessity that 'a work faithfully incarnates its genre, there is only a probability that it will do so' (Todorov 1973: 22). Todorov's emphasis here is significant, not only because it introduces the idea that genres are fluid. By speaking of probability, he invites us to consider for whom that probability exists: he is starting to decentre the text as the determiner of genre, and gesture towards reader expectation.

A new voltage-mode second-order low pass OTA-C filter is proposed. The filter is integrator-based and uses only one OTA and two grounded capacitors. A multiple-input operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for the simulation of the proposed filter is also described. The filter has been simulated using a 0.25 m CMOS process. The results show that for a cutoff frequency of 50 MHz, the filter dissipates 5.3mW power from a single 2V supply. The dynamic range and RMS noise are 63dB and 91 V (up to 100MHz), respectively. Further advantages of the proposed filter are frequency tunability, low sensitivity, low component count and ease of design. A current-mode equivalent of similar features and possibly better performance is also presented.

Self-assembly of molecular units into complex and functional superstructures is ubiquitous in biology. The number of superstructures realized by self-assembly of man-made nanoscale units is also growing. However, assemblies of colloidal inorganic nanocrystals 1-3 are still at an elementary level, not only because of the simplicity of the shape of the nanocrystal building blocks and their interactions, but also because of the poor control over these parameters in the fabrication of more elaborate nanocrystals. Here, we show how monodisperse colloidal octapod-shaped nanocrystals self-assemble, in a suitable solution environment, on two sequential levels. First, linear chains of interlocked octapods are formed, and subsequently the chains spontaneously self-assemble into threedimensional superstructures. Remarkably, all the instructions for the hierarchical self-assembly are encoded in the octapod shape. The mechanical strength of these superstructures is improved by welding the constituent nanocrystals together. The organization of colloidal nanocrystals into ordered structures is a necessary step towards the fabrication of artificial solids and new devices. Superstructures can be built either by self-assembly directly in solution, or on a substrate following solvent evaporation or de-wetting 4-6. A variety of forces can be involved in their formation: van der Waals (vdW) attractions between the particles, steric repulsions between the hydrophobic tails of the surfactants (often coating the nanocrystal surface), capillary forces during solvent evaporation, attractive depletion forces, Coulomb forces between surface charges or electric dipoles, and magnetic forces 1,3,5,7-12. The assembly of many ordered threedimensional (3D) superstructures, for example, simple, binary, or ternary assemblies of spherical nanoparticles 13-17 , and smectic-like multilayers of hexagonally packed nanorods 18 , as well as liquid crystalline phases, is found to be solely driven by entropy 19-21. More elaborate assemblies could be achieved from such simple building blocks by encoding information for the self-assembly in the surface pattern of the nanoparticles, for instance by DNA functionalization to modify the strength and directionality of particle-particle interactions 22-24. Furthermore, bifunctional linkers and key-lock molecular pairs have been employed to align nanorods in chain-like structures 25. Directional electric and/or solvophobic interactions were further employed to drive the organization of spherical nanoparticles into lattices 26. Finally, templating has been successfully applied to create hierarchical superstructures using principally spherical particles 27,28 , and layerby-layer methods have been exploited to generate hierarchically organized materials 29. However, limitations in synthesis, selective functionalization, and purification processes have posed serious 872

Extraction of text from image and video is an important step in building efficient indexing and retrieval systems for multimedia databases. We adopt a hybrid approach for such text extraction by exploiting a number of characteristics of text blocks in color images and video frames. Our system detects both caption text as well as scene text of different font, size, color and intensity. We have developed an application for on-line extraction and recognition of texts from videos. Such texts are used for retrieval of video clips based on any given keyword. The application is available on the web for the readers to repeat our experiments and also to try text extraction and retrieval from their own videos.

Objective: To determine whether the routine examination of the newborn by a midwife compared with a junior paediatrician (SHO) affects maternal satisfaction with this examination. Methods: Randomised controlled trial: 826 mother and baby pairs in a district general hospital in south east England were randomised to a paediatric SHO or a midwife for the routine newborn examination. Maternal satisfaction with the examination was analysed in relation to intervention group, process, and background variables. Results: Some 81% of mothers reported that they were satisfied or very satisfied with the newborn examination. Mothers assigned to a midwife were more satisfied with the newborn examination (crude odds ratio (OR) 0.54 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39 to 0.75), p < 0.001). However, after provision of health education during the examination, continuity of care provided, and history of miscarriage had been controlled for, status of examiner was no longer related to maternal satisfaction (adjusted OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.57-1.20), NS). The discussion of healthcare issues by the examiner (adjusted OR 0.49 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.70), p < 0.001) and continuity of care (adjusted OR 0.43 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.81), p < 0.01) were both related to enhanced satisfaction, and history of miscarriage (adjusted OR 1.61 (1.08 to 2.40), p < 0.05) was associated with lower maternal satisfaction with the newborn examination. Midwives (61%) were more likely than SHOs (33%) to discuss healthcare issues, such as feeding, sleeping, and skin care. Conclusions: Mothers were more likely to be satisfied with the newborn examination by a midwife than an SHO because midwives were more likely to discuss healthcare issues during the examination and were able to provide continuity of care. However, midwife examinations according to exclusion criteria agreed with trial midwives excluded half of all newborns, and criteria may have to be reconsidered for practice implementation.

This chapter focuses on income inequality as measured by gross (i.e. pre-tax) household income across individuals within a country. It builds upon a number of large-scale initiatives to chart income inequality trends over time, supplementing them with data on wages and heights for the earlier period. Income inequality trends follow a U-shape in most Western European countries and the Western Offshoots. It declined between the end of the 19th century until about 1970, followed by a rise. In Eastern Europe, communism resulted in strong declines in income inequality, followed by a sharp increase after its disintegration in the 1980s. In other parts of the world (China in particular) income inequality is on the rise recently. The chapter also provides evidence on the global income distribution, i.e. assuming all people belong to the same community. This distribution was unimodal in the 19th century, became increasingly bi-modal between 1910 and 1970 and suddenly reverted back into a unimodal distribution between 1980 and 2000.

This booklet is based on fathers&#x27; experiences of reducing and quitting smoking. The quotes in the booklet are from expectant and new dads who smoke or have recently reduced or quit and offer their thoughts and ideas. This booklet is for men who identify with the challenges around being an expectant or new dad who smokes. Knowing that you are not alone in your desire to reduce or quit will help you to take that first step on the journey to becoming a smoke-free dad. The route you choose is up to you but the resources provided in this ...

Information on toxicokinetics is critical for animal-free human risk assessment. Human external exposure must be translated into human tissue doses and compared with in vitro actual cell exposure associated to effects (in vitro-in vivo comparison). Data on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion in humans (ADME) could be generated using in vitro and QSAR tools. Physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PBTK) computer modelling could serve to integrate disparate in vitro and in silico findings. However, there are only few freely-available PBTK platforms currently available. And although some ADME parameters can be reasonably estimated in vitro or in silico, important gaps exist. Examples include unknown or limited applicability domains and lack of (high-throughput) tools to measure penetration of barriers, partitioning between blood and tissues and metabolic clearance. This paper is based on a joint EPAA--EURL ECVAM expert meeting. It provides a state-of-the-art overview of the...

The nature of financial reporting in the public sector in Australia has undergone substantial change in the last twenty years. One result has been the promulgation of public sector accounting standards based on the private sector conceptual framework for general purpose financial reports. A central key to this framework is the existence of users and their needs. This framework emphasises the provision of information for users for the purpose of decision making. Critics of the framework as it applies to the public sector claim that it lacks empirical substantiation and ignores the complexity and diversity of public sector institutions. This paper examines and analyses the annual report distribution lists for local government authorities within Queensland and provides empirical evidence on distribution patterns. The study finds that there are user groups which fall outside the categories identified by the conceptual framework. Further, there is a wide variety in the dissemination lists of local government authorities and cross sectional differences in the distribution patterns for urban and rural local government authorities. The results of this research raise important questions for public sector accounting regulators regarding the appropriateness of assuming that there exists a homogeneous set of users for all public sector entity types.

The paper focuses on Billig&#39;s (Billig, M. (1995). Banal nationalism. London: Sage) notion of banal nationalism. While Billig&#39;s work is to be commended for demonstrating the way in which nationalism is an endemic political ideology in all states – and not merely an extreme or hot political ideology that is based upon “blood and belonging” (Ignatieff, M. (1993). Blood and belonging: Journeys into the new nationalism. London: BBC Books) – we suggest that his work tends, perhaps unwittingly, to reinforce an unwarranted separation of the banal and hot processes that reproduce nationalism. Some empirical work has implicitly and explicitly begun to question the distinction between banal and hotter forms of nationalism. We argue that one way in which such an agenda can be furthered is through a promotion of the idea of everyday nationalism, which combines banal and hot elements in more complex and contingent ways. We elaborate on the benefits of adopting such an approach through an ...

During renal injury, activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in proximal tubular cells plays an important role in the inflammatory events that eventually lead to renal fibrosis. We hypothesized that local inhibition of p38 within these cells may be an interesting approach for the treatment of renal fibrosis. To effectuate this, we developed a renal-specific conjugate of the p38 inhibitor SB202190 [4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)1H-imidazole] and the carrier lysozyme. First, we demonstrated that SB202190 inhibited the expression of albumin-induced proinflammatory (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-␤1-induced profibrotic (procollagen-I␣1) genes over 50% in renal tubular cells (normal rat kidney-52E). Next, we conjugated SB202190 via a carbamate linkage to lysozyme. However, this conjugate rapidly released the drug upon incubation in serum. Therefore, we applied a new platinum(II)-based linker

In this work, we present a recently developed evaluation framework for video OCR specifically for English Text but could well be generalized for other languages as well. Earlier works include the development of an evaluation strategy for text detection and tracking in video, this work is a natural extension. We sucessfully port and use the ASR metrics used in the speech community here in the video domain. Further, we also show results on a small pilot corpus which involves 25 clips. Results obtained are promising and we believe that this is a good baseline and will encourage future participation in such evaluations.

The aim of this study was to determine a relationship between vaccine potency (amount of PD 50 per dose) and fraction of clinically protected cattle following homologous challenge with infectious foot-andmouth disease (FMD) virus, and to determine the effect of method of fractionation, serotype, type of adjuvant, valency and type of virus culture on the dose-response curve. Data from 297 potency tests of FMD vaccines, comprising 4004 vaccinated cattle, performed at the FMD vaccine production facility in the Netherlands, were used for the present study. A generalised linear mixed effect model was used to analyse the results. Our study showed that the relation between FMD vaccine potency and fraction protected was also affected by the serotype and type of adjuvant. No common level of protection could be assigned to all FMD vaccines with the same amount of PD 50 per dose, this information is essential when designing a new standard FMD vaccines control.

The objective of this study was to examine the influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated through the use of the xanthine (X)-xanthine oxidase (XO) system, on equine sperm motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and membrane lipid peroxidation. Equine spermatozoa were separated from seminal plasma on a discontinuous Percoll gradient, and spermatozoa were incubated with 0.6 mM X and 0.05 U/mL XO for 30 minutes. Catalase (150 U/mL), superoxide dismutase (SOD, 150 U/mL), or glutathione (GSH, 1.5 mM) were evaluated for their ability to preserve sperm function in the presence of the induced oxidative stress. At the end of the 30-minute incubation, sperm motility was determined by computer-assisted semen analysis. Viability and acrosomal integrity were determined by Hoechst-Pisum sativum staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by staining with JC-1. Incubation with the X-XO system led to a significant (P Ͻ .01) increase in hydrogen peroxide production and an associated decrease (P Ͻ .01) in motility parameters. Total motility was significantly (P Ͻ .01) lower in the pres-ence of X-XO compared with the case of the control (29% Ϯ 9% vs 73% Ϯ 1%, respectively). Catalase, but not SOD, prevented a decline in motility secondary to oxidative stress (71% Ϯ 4% vs 30% Ϯ 3%, respectively). The addition of glutathione had an intermediate effect in preserving sperm motility at the end of the 30-minute incubation (53% Ϯ 3%). No influence of X-XO could be determined on viability, acrosomal integrity, or mitochondrial membrane potential. In order to promote lipid peroxidation, samples were incubated with ferrous sulfate (0.64 mM) and sodium ascorbate (20 mM) for 2 hours after the X-XO incubation. No increase in membrane lipid peroxidation was detected. This study indicates that hydrogen peroxide is the major ROS responsible for damage to equine spermatozoa. The decrease in sperm motility associated with ROS occurs in the absence of any detectable decrease in viability, acrosomal integrity, or mitochondrial membrane potential or of any detectable increase in lipid peroxidation.

In this paper we introduce the 'Hertfordshire Colour-blind Emulator' (HCBE) software application. Currently, our aim is to raise awareness of the challenges that the colour-blind encounter on their learning journey. HCBE emulates four major types of colour-blindness: protanopia, deuteranopia, tritanopia and monochromacy. HCBE accepts an image file and outputs that image in the way that a colour-blind learner would see the original inputted image. For any inputted images there are four options for outputted images, one for each colour-blind type.

Virtual microscopy is being introduced in medical education as an approach for learning how to interpret information in microscopic specimens. It is, however, far from evident how to incorporate its use into existing teaching practice. The aim of the study was to explore the consequences of introducing virtual microscopy tasks into an undergraduate pathology course in an attempt to render the instruction more process-oriented. The research questions were: 1) How is virtual microscopy perceived by students? 2) Does work on virtual microscopy tasks contribute to improvement in performance in microscopic pathology in comparison with attending assistant-led demonstrations only? During a one-week period, an experimental group completed three sets of virtual microscopy homework assignments in addition to attending demonstrations. A control group attended the demonstrations only. Performance in microscopic pathology was measured by a pre-test and a post-test. Student perceptions of regular...

Objective: Follow-up data were collected using postal questionnaires and if participants did not respond, then data was collected using telephone interviews. The objectives of this study were to examine, for the two methods, how respondents differed in characteristics and whether the observed treatment difference varied.

Nutzungsbedingungen: Dieser Text wird unter dem &quot;PEER Licence Agreement zur Verfügung&quot; gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zum PEER-Projekt finden Sie hier: http://www.peerproject.eu Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Mit der Verwendung dieses Dokuments erkennen Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen an. Terms of use: This document is made available under the &quot;PEER Licence Agreement &quot;. For more Information regarding the PEER-project see: http://w...

"Models for learning outcomes-reflected assessment" The point of departure for the present project was the Degree Ordinance (SFS 2006:1053). Keywords as knowledge, understanding, ability, skills, assessment, and perspectives are focused. When applying learning outcomes the need for assessment of student achievements vs. learning outcomes is highlighted. The work with learning outcomes has a great potential-but challenges are present as described in the project. In order to be able to perform reflected assessment of student achievements we have developed a set of frameworks. The frameworks are related to learning outcomes from different perspectives, such as employability, student learning outcomes, university characteristics, subject oriented, and "local" profiles. The project is grounded in didactic practice and pedagogical research. It is based in the information system subject area at four universities, but is also relevant to other subject areas with a professional orientation.

EntrE nivEl Primario y nivEl SEcundario. Una propuesta de articulación Cuaderno para el Alumno EntrE nivEl Primario y nivEl SEcundario. Una propuesta de articulación Cuaderno para el Alumno ¡EN POCOS MESES, A LA SECUNDARIA! Estas actividades les permitirán conocer mejor algunos aspectos del nivel secundario, del cual serán estudiantes dentro de poco. Les proponemos resolver estas actividades en grupos y compartirlas con las maestras, maestros, familiares y vecinos. Lengua EntrE nivEl Primario y nivEl SEcundario. Una propuesta de articulación Cuaderno para el Alumno

Titel Reklam i mobilen? En studie av förutsättningar för tidningsföretag att använda mobiltelefonen som marknadsföringskanal Författare Beata Jungselius Kurs MK1500-Examensarbete i Medie-och kommunikationsvetenskap Termin VT-09 Uppdragsgivare ...

In this paper we consider a chosen-plaintext variant of the linear attack on DES introduced by Matsui. By choosing plaintexts in a clever way one can reduce the number of plaintexts required in a successful linear attack. This reduces the amount of plaintexts to find key bits to a factor of more than four compared to Matsui's attack. To estimate the probabilities of success in the attack we did extensive experiments on DES reduced to 8 and 12 rounds. We believe that the results in this paper contain the fastest attack on the DES reported so far in the open literature. As an example, one attack needs about 2 42 chosen texts, finds 12 bits of key information and succeeds with a probability of about 86%. An additional 12 key bits can be found by similar methods. For comparison, Matsui's attack on the DES needs about 2 44 known texts, finds 13 bits of the key and succeeds with a probability of 78%. Of independent interest is a new approach searching for "pseudo-keys", which are secret key bits added an unknown but fixed value. These bits can be used to find the secret key bits at a later stage in the analysis.

This paper proposes and evaluates the use of linguistic information in the pre-processing phase of text classification. We present several experiments evaluating the selection of terms based on different measures and linguistic knowledge. To build the classifier we used Support Vector Machines (SVM), which are known to produce good results on text classification tasks. Our proposals were applied to two different datasets written in the Portuguese language: articles from a Brazilian newspaper (Folha de So Paulo) and juridical documents from the Portuguese Attorney General's Office. The results show the relevance of part-of-speech information for the pre-processing phase of text classification allowing for a strong reduction of the number of features needed in the text classification.

Category-specific disorders are perhaps the archetypal example of domain-specificity -being typically defined by the presence of dissociations between living and nonliving naming ability in people following neurological damage. The methods adopted to quantify naming across categories are therefore pivotal since they provide the criterion for defining whether patients have a category effect and necessarily influence the subsequent direction and the interpretation of testing. This paper highlights a series of methodological concerns relating to how we measure and define category (or any) dissociations. These include the common failure to include control data or the use of control data that is inappropriate e.g. at ceiling, unmatched. A review of past cases shows that the overwhelming majority suffers from these problems and therefore challenges conclusions about the purported empirical demonstrations of dissociations and double dissociations in the category specific literature. This is not a refutation of category deficits, but skepticism about the current existence of any convincing empirical demonstrations of category specific double dissociations. As a potential solution, certain minimal criteria are proposed that might aid with the attempt to document category effects that are more methodologically convincing.