Interactive Systems

Libras is the mother language of people who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing (D/HH) in Brazil, characterizing them as people who use visual cues and signs to communicate with the world. Specialized researchers and educators affirm that people who are D/HH first have to be literate in their mother language (L1, sign language) in order to learn the second language (L2, written language). The teaching-learning process of written language as L2 is still a challenge, subject of many investigations and experimentations. This paper presents results and discussions from exploring and understanding problems and solutions of the design for Deaf persons who are sign language (SL) users to adopt an Assistive Technology (AT) product. This AT product refers to a solution for use in the teaching-learning process of Brazilian Portuguese written language as L2. Our methodological approach is to follow the phases of a framework in proposition, which combines concepts of Co-design, adoption of AT, HumanCom...

A collection of user interface design patterns for workflow information systems is presented. Each Workflow User Interface Pattern (WUIP) is characterized by properties expressed in the PLML markup language for expressing patterns and augmented by additional attributes and models attached to the pattern: the abstract user interface and the corresponding task model. These models are specified in a User Interface Description Language. All WUIPs are stored in a library and can be retrieved within a workflow editor that links each workflow pattern to its corresponding WUIP, thus giving rise to a user interface for each workflow pattern. The software then gathers these UIs and the ones corresponding to workflow tasks into a user interface flow, a new concept introduced for specifying the intertwining of interfaces used by workers and the workflow manager in a single workflow.

Recent research in adults has made great use of the gaze cuing paradigm to understand the behavior of the follower in joint attention episodes. We implemented a gaze leading task to investigate the initiatorthe other person in these triadic interactions. In a series of gaze-contingent eye-tracking studies, we show that fixation dwell time upon and reorienting toward a face are affected by whether that individual face shifts its eyes in a congruent or an incongruent direction in response to the participant's eye movement. Gaze leading also biased affective responses toward the faces and attended objects. These findings demonstrate that leading the eyes of other individuals alters how we explore and evaluate our social environment.

The mutual efforts of joining art and science have been an important source of innovation in many fields throughout history. In this article, we investigate the relatively common origins, differences, and similarities between the Interactive Art and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) areas of knowledge. We also investigate what kind of human-computer interactions are sought by artists or emerge in Interactive Art examples, as well as what kind of frameworks, evaluation criteria or methodologies are reported in the literature to support the design and evaluation of Interactive Art. As a result of our analysis of Interactive Art examples found in the literature and beyond, we derived four genres of dialogue that emerge naturally or are stressed by authors: visual, embodied, tangible and social. These genres, albeit not comprehensive, can inspire the design of novel forms of interaction in computational systems with or without artistic intent. Moreover, frameworks, evaluation criteria, a...

this paper is related to the Human-Computer
Interaction (HCI) field and more specifically to the interactive
system quality evaluation using a subjective method known by
the questionnaire. Efforts and research have been performed to
enhance subjective usability evaluation of Human - Computer
interface of interactive systems by deploying various methods
and techniques. The main contribution of this paper is the
development of a subjective assessment tool to help designers
measure the quality of evaluated interface. This article presents a
new tool for generating a web questionnaire in order to collect
the individuals’ attitudes and feelings toward an interactive
system. It is developed to facilitate the presentation and usage of
questionnaires designated for the evaluation of interactive
systems. The developed questionnaire tool is validated by the
evaluation of traffic supervision system in Valenciennes (France)
as a part of CISIT-ISART project.

The most basic component of being human is having emotions which add richness to everything that we experience in this life. The design, implementation and evaluation of interactive computer systems are incomplete without the understanding of human emotions. Moreover, emotional intelligence is the way forward as adapting to user needs is very critical for success. HCI systems need to be natural and trustworthy for which emotional side of human nature needs to be incorporated in computers. The paper will present an overview of existing HCI applications that utilize emotions and focus on its effects in normal daily life.

Il presente scritto riguarda un campo di indagine la cui definizione ha margini sfumati sia in ambito artistico che scientifico. L'arte tecnologica, aumentata e interattiva si presenta a prima vista come una materia talmente vasta e eterogenea da non avere direzioni di ricerca comune.
L'argomento generale affrontato ruota attorno all'interazione uomo macchina utilizzata come mezzo espressivo.
Una storia di questa materia, per tracciare la quale è stato necessario attingere da ambiti disciplinari diversi, è esposta nei primi quattro capitoli dello scritto.
La sezione centrale raccoglie analisi e riflessioni sull'interazione nell'intento di fornire spunti e stimoli per un'elaborazione personale del lettore.
Come ultimo elemento, nei due capitoli finali, viene presentato il lavoro pratico svolto fino ai primi mesi del 2017 da chi scrive, nel campo dell'interazione performativa.
In appendice, infine, si trova la relazione di un incontro con Ariella Vidach e Claudio Prati, pionieri italiani della danza interattiva.
In generale, questo scritto non si pone come un manuale ma piuttosto come un libro di riflessioni e pensieri sui sistemi interattivi nell'ambito dell'arte performativa, costantemente in bilico tra arte e tecnica, a cavallo di un confine sottile che separa discipline umanistiche e scientifiche.

Light Blue Optics’ holographic laser projection
technology is uniquely suited as a light engine for
automotive head-up display (HUD) applications, providing
high brightness images with low speckle contrast and wide
colour gamut whilst being robust and fault-tolerant. This
paper describes the operation of the technology and its
advantages, demonstrating – for the first time – the
operation of a full-colour, laser-based automotive HUD
which is capable of displaying both symbology and night
vision virtual imagery. The ability of the projector to
correct for distortion introduced by the windshield
curvature is demonstrated, showing significant progress
towards a ‘one-size-fits-all’ HUD.

The field of interactive music systems (IMSs), beginning in the 1980s, is still relatively young and fast moving. The field of music theory-analysis, during the same period (since 1980), has undergone a major transformation in terms of technological innovations, flexibility, and breadth. The two fields have not really caught up with each other. It will be interesting to see what arises as they do — especially as both fields have become more concerned with the role of the body and embodied cognition. Framed in terms of contrasting epistemological orientations, this essay considers some relevant developments in IMSs, music cognition, and music theory and analysis, leading up to the present.  The most popular approaches to music cognition and to IMS design are rationalist (Ashby 2010), exploiting the ‘correct’ embodiments of music (Godøy 2004, Leman 2007, Paine 2009) based on affordances (Gibson 1977, Kelso 1998). This essay, however, advocates a pragmatist (Ashby 2010) approach inspired by music analysis and exploiting the potential of kinesthetic learning (associative learning). Prompted by a progressive approach to music analysis, theory, perception, and cognition (Dubiel 1999, Mailman 2007), interactive music technology can also be constructive, flexible, and progressive, by exploiting kinesthetic learning from immersion in new and unusual motion-to-sound mappings derived from dynamic formal processes in analysed music. In this way, immersive interactive systems offer an opportunity systematically to learn new associations based on principles theorised in response to analysis. Experience of these systems essentially ‘rewires the brain’, thereby exemplifying what Korsyn (2004) has attributed to Lewin’s (1986, 1987) approach to music perception: the ironist approach, as formulated by Rorty (1989). Thus a pragmatist ironist experimental (PIE) approach is articulated. Rather than committing to any particular ways music is already embodied, this approach acknowledges the flexible nature of embodied musical experience. It forges and uses interactive music technologies continually to redescribe and therefore reform how music is embodied, thereby disembodying to re-embody music, expanding how music is heard, contemplated and experienced.

As tecnologias desenvolvidas para aplicações musicais no século XX exerceram influência direta na expansão de gêneros musicais. Sobretudo no rock, o grau de dependência entre a sonoridade de um artista e a tecnologia por ele utilizada é grande, o que gera problemas para uma manutenção de uma mesma marca acústica nas diversas situações de prática musical: no ensaio, no estúdio e na apresentação ao vivo. Para abordar tal problema, as tecnologias digitais (e, principalmente, o computador) servem como uma grande ferramenta por possuírem algumas características, tais como: portabilidade; maior facilidade no armazenamento de dados, manutenção e atualização; maiores possibilidades de uso de recursos provenientes do processamento de sinais; maior possibilidade de interação, entre outras. A banda SOMBA – um representante do gênero pop/rock – se propôs a percorrer e experimentar algumas dessas possibilidades que as tecnologias digitais atuais podem fornecer, procurando se definir musicalmente através de (entre outros fatores) uma marca sonora. Isso se concretiza com a elaboração de uma programação – desenvolvida e detalhada ao longo deste trabalho – no ambiente Max/MSP, com a diluição de fronteiras entre funções no processo musical e com o desenvolvimento de um trabalho fonográfico e performático utilizando a programação desenvolvida.

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The technologies developed for musical applications in the 20th century influenced directly the expansion of musical genres. Overall in rock, there’s a high dependence degree between an artist’s sonority and the technology used in it. This generates a problem to the maintenance of the same acoustical mark in the various situations of practical music: in rehearsals, in studio and in live performances. As an approach of this issue, the digital technologies (and, mainly, the computer) is a great tool, with its characteristics such as: portability; an easier data storage, maintenance and upgrading; more possibilities in the use of signal processing resources; more possibilities of interaction, and others. The band called SOMBA – a pop/rock band – considered to cover and research some of the possibilities that the current digital technologies can supply, in a way so it can define itself musically through (among others factors) a sonorous mark. This occurs with the elaboration of a patch – detailed through this work – in Max/MSP, with the dilution of borders between functions in the musical process and with the development of a phonographic and performer work using the designed patch.

A strategy for adaptive control and energetic optimization of aerobic fermentors was implemented, with both air flow and agitation speed as manipulated variables. This strategy is separable in its components: control, optimization, estimation. We optimized parameter’s estimation (from the usual KLa correlation) using sinusoidal excitation of air flow and agitation speed. We have implemented parameter’s estimation trough recursive least squares algorithm with forgetting factor. We carried separate essays on control, optimization and estimation algorithms. We carried our essays using an original computational simulation environment, with noise and delay generating facilities for data sampling and filtering.

Our results show the convergence and robustness of the estimation algorithm used, improved with use of both forgetting factor and KLa dead-band facilities. Control algorithm used in our work compares favorably with PID using the integrated area criteria for deviation between oxygen molarity and critical molarity (set point). Optimization algorithm clearly reduces energetic consumption, respecting critical molarity. Integration of control, optimization and adaptive algorithms was implemented, but future work is needed for stability. Methods were defined and implemented for stability improvement. We have implemented data acquisition and computer manipulation of air flow and agitation speed for actual fermentors.

One of the major problems of user’s interaction with Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs) is to have the conversation last more than few second: after being amused and intrigued by the ECAs, users may find rapidly the restrictions and limitations of the dialog systems, they may perceive the repetition of the ECAs animation, they may find the behaviors of ECAs to be inconsistent and implausible, etc. We believe that some special links, or bonds, have to be established between users and ECAs during interaction. It is our view that showing and/or perceiving interest is the necessary premise to establish a relationship. In this paper we present a model of an ECA able to establish, maintain and end the conversation based on its perception of the level of interest of its interlocutor.

Within Australian live performance, there is a rising number of works relying on digital media technologies to shape their scenographic environments. Situated in this field of digital performance, this paper examines the relationship between two subsets of digital scenography and dance: interactive digital technologies and improvisational choreography. While there are a number of perspectives that consider the role and impact of digital technologies within this specific field, many focus on the dancer or choreographer rather than the designer/technologist. The concept of symbiosis offers an alternative framework to understand the relationship between interactive digital technologies and improvisational choreography, and has potential to provide agency to the designer/technologist within the collaborative process. Symbiosis is understood as a mutually beneficial relationship between two separate and different systems that come together to achieve a shared goal. While the concept of s...

The success of translating an analog or manual practice into a digital interactive system may depend on how well that translation captures not only the functional what and how aspects of the practice, but the why of the process as well. Addressing these attributes is particularly challenging when there is a gap in expertise between the design team and the domain to be modeled. In this paper, we describe Making Tea, a design method foregrounding the use of analogy to bridge the gap between design team knowledge and domain expertise. Making Tea complements more traditional user-centered design approaches such as ethnography and task analysis. In this paper, we situate our work with respect to other related design methods such as Cultural Probes and Artifact Walkthroughs. We describe the process by which we develop, validate and use analogy in order to maximize expert contact time in observation, interviews, design reviews and evaluation. We contextualize the method in a discussion of its use in a project we ran to replace a paper-based synthetic chemistry lab book with an interactive system for use in a pervasive lab environment.

For a long time standard desktop applications have ruled the market. Nevertheless, the availability of information has made the user demand new interaction techniques in completely different contexts and devices, but requesting the same functionality. With this new situation application design should be able to adapt to these differences. To design these adaptive interfaces the specification of these user interfaces should support plasticity at runtime. In this paper a first approach is proposed to support these plasticity features from a formal point of view within a model-based user interface design methodology. Connector paradigm is used to coordinate the communication between Concrete Interaction Objects and Abstract Interaction Objects in a flexible way enough to support adaptivity.

Augmented reality is increasingly applied in
medical education mainly because educators can share
knowledge through virtual objects. This research describes
the development of a web application, which enhances users'
medical knowledge with regards to the anatomy of the
human heart by means of augmented reality. Evaluation is
conducted in two different facets. In the first one, the authors
of this paper evaluate the feasibility of a three-dimensional
human heart module using one investigator under the
supervision of an expert. In the second, evaluation aims at
identifying usability issues by means of the
cognitive walkthrough method. Three medical students
(naive users) are called upon three target tasks in the web
application. Task completion is appreciated in the light of the
standard set of cognitive walkthrough questions. Augmented
reality content miss hits are revealed by means of the first
evaluation in an effort to enhance the educational utility of
the three-dimensional human heart. Cognitive walkthrough
provides further improvement points, which may further
enhance usability in the next software release. The current
piece of work constitutes the pre-pilot evaluation.
Standardized methodologies are utilized in an effort to
improve the application before its wider piloting to proper
student populations. Such evaluations are considered
important in experiential learning methods aiding online
education of anatomy courses.

This paper presents our reflections on the issue of behavioral change according to energy conservation constraints and on the status of sustainability in the design of ambient interactive systems at home. We point out how ergonomics contributes to the study of human factors underlying energy consumption. Relating to situated cognition and human computer interaction, our approach relies both on the ergonomic evaluation of feedback consumption displays and on the modeling of domestic activities in order to identify household concerns in real settings. We present empirical results to illustrate this global approach. The results of those studies allow the design of interactive systems: informative and pedagogical systems as well as pervasive and adaptive ambient systems. In our approach, sustainability is taken into account as a design criterion, as security could be, whereas the main design purpose is to aid households in their daily life in order to build a “sustainable situation”.
Keywords: Models of human activity, sustainable situation, HCI, consumption feedback, sustainability, electricity consumption behavior, situated cognition

the quality evaluation topic of human computer interfaces is increasingly attracting researchers’ attention in the information system community. The quality subjective assessment of the interactive systems interfaces using the advanced technology is an important issue which merits attention from researchers. In order to increase the overall satisfaction of users, questionnaire tool is used as one of the main techniques dedicated to aid evaluators to measure users’ perceived qualities. The purpose of this paper is to enhance the quality subjective assessment by defining a conceptual specification for a new automatic questionnaire generating tool able to collect, analyze and criticize the users’ views. The developed questionnaire tool will be used in the context of evaluation of traffic supervision system in Valenciennes (France). The main contribution is to propose a web generation questionnaire environment to provide a subjective evaluation for the interactive systems interfaces. It includes the proposed questionnaire model and describes the applied subjective evaluation process based on ISO 14598 norms.

For this coursework, I have chosen to analyse the digital bracelet scenario. There is a need for families and couples to connect with each other when in different locations and during the course of a day. While the market for digital watches and other digital jewellery is growing as we speak, there appears to be a lack of research and practice on the utlity of digital objects to enhance social connections, or to understand what the main needs or goals are in this domain. A digital bracelet should enhance ‘social touch’ between people when they are in different places. I will be investigating this scenario by undertaking research to enable me to analyse the tasks and requirements for it. I will be conducting online research as well as performing my own research on actual potential users through interviews. I will then analyse the data gathered from my research where I will examine the interaction between people using two methods from the course material. This will then be followed by design work where I will be drawing on my analysis and producing draft specification documents for my design. And finally, to conclude this coursework, I will be critiquing the analysis methods used and assess how I would adjust the process if I were to use it again in the future.

DANCING WITH SWARMING PARTICLES is an interactive installation and performace that intends to explore the relationship between a physical user/performer and a virtual performer the “avatar” which has the physical characteristics of morphing flocking particles.
The installation’s interactive environment is a media space that includes a physical space and a virtual space. The virtual space is initially composed of floating data which, through the interaction with the physical user/ performer, will become organized structures and take the shape of complex landscapes.
The avatar’s body is composed by flocking particles that initially float in the virtual space without any apparent order. It is through the energy of the physical user/performer’s movements that the particles will start to morph into the avatar’s body.
The ultimate form of the avatar and of the virtual and physical spaces, will result from the data generated by the user actions/performance and will be represented by the graphic visualisation of this interaction. In this way each interaction/performance will have a unique outcome.

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a Low Vision (LV) disorder that causes vision impairment in older people. It can have an impact on their overall independence as changes in lighting or unfamiliar locations require more time for the eye to adapt and focus on the surrounding visual information.

One of the major problems of user's interaction with Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs) is to have the conversation last more than few second: after being amused and intrigued by the ECAs, users may find rapidly the restrictions and limitations of the dialog systems, they may perceive the repetition of the ECAs animation, they may find the behaviors of ECAs to be inconsistent and implausible, etc. We believe that some special links, or bonds, have to be established between users and ECAs during interaction. It is ...

This article focuses on techniques to increase expressivity and intuitiveness of an interactive process in the context of audiovisual installations based on motion capture devices. We propose a series of strategies for mapping and data parameterization obtained from the analysis of visitors' gestures. Information retrieved from the analysis of gestures is interpreted in terms of its meaningful characteristics using de-scriptors of gesture segmentation, physical-domain characterisitcs (distance , velocity, acceleration and angular relations) and Laban's e↵ort analysis. E↵ort allows us to di↵erentiate quality of gestural movements aiming to increase responsiveness of the system for the data acquired in real-time from visitor's movements, thereby intensifying the interactive experience. By using simple techniques derived from physical descritors we have ecient data control and optimized computer processing. These techniques are being implemented through a framework of MaxMSP abstractions that determine constraints to retrieve information from the data streaming provided by Motion Capture systems. We present the resources developed and ongoing improvements of this framework for mapping.

This special issue presents articles submitted in response to calls for papers in the domains of public health and of comparisons of fusion methods in real-world applications. The fruits of the two searches were combined for presentation under the new rubric, in one issue. We aim to increase awareness of and involvement in the discipline of information fusion among researchers who are unfamiliar with the discipline and might benefit from new approaches. We also hope to refocus the attention of those
with experience and expertise in information fusion on new application areas, in the hopes that new partnerships and collaborations might result across disciplines..

The main goal of this paper is to present and validate a socio-technical model of trust. This model aims to depict the implications of trust on moderating learners online interactions. This work main motivation is focused on design ways to promote a stronger acceptance sense of community among learners, by giving emphasis to a more active learning through collaboration and social construction understanding. This model aims to eventually provide the means to detect potential trust violations within an online relationship, helping educators to move towards practices of reconciliation. This socio-technical trust model takes into account individuals trust predispositions and other five trust attributes and establishes their role on building relationships, and in developing underlying attitudes, behaviours and beliefs of an learning community. This paper starts by providing a contextualization on this research background and rationale, that leads to a the design of the preliminary exploratory model of model of trust, describes it validation procedure by setting results of a survey procedure.

In free improvisation practice, the absence of previously agreed upon reference (such as a harmonic grid or a melody) is compensated by the emergence of dynamics which can explained by the co-ordination of musicians around focal points. Semiotic Time Units (STU) are categories of musical segments which acquire meaning through their temporal organization. Assuming that STUs could work as focal points in the context of improvisation, the aim of the thesis is to conceive a computer-aided improvisation system relying on STUs to suggest innovating directions to the musicians. This system would be open to various aesthetics as long as they share the same phenomenological approach of music. This research would try to resolve the crucial issue raised by coupled systems (mostly steered by their own generative routines), i.e. how these systems can assert their leadership while at the same time contributing in an efficient manner to the directions which are proposed by the musicians.

USer Interface eXtensible Markup Language (USIXML) consists of a User Interface Description Language (UIDL) allowing designers to apply a multi-path development of user interfaces. In this development paradigm, a user interface can be specified and produced at and from different, and possibly multiple, levels of abstraction while maintaining the mappings between these levels if required. Thus, the development process can be initiated from any level of abstraction and proceed towards obtaining one or many final user interfaces for various contexts of use at other levels of abstraction. In this way, the model-to-model transformation which is the cornerstone of Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) can be supported in multiple configurations, based on composition of three basic transformation types: abstraction, reification, and translation.

The main goal of this paper is to present and validate a socio-technical model of trust. This model aims to depict the implications of trust on moderating learners online interactions.
This work main motivation is focused on design ways to promote a stronger acceptance sense of community among learners, by giving emphasis to a more active learning through collaboration and social construction understanding.
This model aims to eventually provide the means to detect potential trust violations within an online relati- onship, helping educators to move towards practices of reconciliation. This socio-technical trust model takes into account individuals trust predispositions and other five trust attributes and establishes their role on buil- ding relationships, and in developing underlying attitudes, behaviours and beliefs of an learning community. This paper starts by providing a contextualization on this research background and rationale, that leads to a the design of the preliminary exploratory model of model of trust, describes it validation procedure by setting results of a survey procedure.

Web log data has been the basis for analyzing user query session behavior for a number of years, but it has several important shortcomings. The main one being that we do not really know what the user is doing -- is s/he looking at the screen or doing something else? We have conducted an Eye-Tracking study to analyze user behavior when searching the web and looking for specific information on results and content pages. The goal is to obtain more precise information about the search strategy of the user. Which characteristics make the difference between successful and unsuccessful searches? This research presents results focusing on the number of formulated queries by session, documents clicked, the fixation durations on the documents, and the distribution of the attention in the different areas of the screen, among other aspects.

Obstacles must be overcome in order to make viable public distribution of interactive remote experiences via the Internet. High latency and the fact that there are many more users than robots make traditional forms of telerobotics difficult. The Big Signal project seeks to overcome these obstacles using information interaction tightly coupled to a live autonomous rover mission. Information interaction allows users to engage in a rich exploratory experience without affecting the robotics mission. Additionally, information interaction adheres to the Internet standard of client/server models that allow many users to interact with one data set of information. In December 1998, Big Signal deployed a prototype project by providing an educational interface that allowed students and the public to participate in remote telescience.

This research Intends to develop an online File Storage/book-bank monitoring system using a well-known Domain Specific Language for Kebbi State University of Science and Technology. It was intended to address the current problems encountered in using a manual system to monitor the activities of the book-banks in Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero library. Interviews, observation and record consultation were used to gather data. The research analyzes the system requirements and then came up with the requirements specifications and system specifications. The system was designed in accordance with specifications to satisfy the requirements. The system designed was implemented with MYSQL, PHP and HTML. The system is designed as an interactive and content management system which deals with data entry, validation and updating while the interactive system deals with system interaction with the users. The system is capable to largely address the problems mentioned in the existing system.. KEYWORDS online file storage, book bank monitoring system, domain-specific language, interactive system, content management system

A collection of user interface design patterns for workflow information systems is presented. Each Workflow User Interface Pattern (WUIP) is characterized by properties expressed in the PLML markup language for expressing patterns and augmented by additional attributes and models attached to the pattern: the abstract user interface and the corresponding task model.
These models are specified in a User Interface Description Language. All WUIPs are stored in a library and can be retrieved within a workflow editor that links each workflow pattern to its corresponding WUIP, thus giving rise to a user interface for each workflow pattern. The software then gathers these UIs and the ones corresponding to workflow tasks into a user interface flow, a new concept introduced for specifying the intertwining of interfaces used by workers and the workflow manager in a single workflow.

This paper presents a set of tools supporting the development of interactive systems using two different notations. One of these notations, called ConcurTaskTrees (CTT), is used for task modelling. The other notation, called Interactive Cooperative Objects (ICO), is used for system modelling. Even though these two kinds of models represent two different views of the same world (users interacting with interactive systems), they are built by different people and used independently. The aim of this paper is to propose the use of scenarios as a bridge between these two views. On the task modelling side, scenarios are seen as possible traces of activities, while on the system side, they are viewed as traces of actions. This generic approach is presented in a case study in the domain of Air Traffic Control.

In this paper we attempt to formalise some of the basic attributes of performative interaction against a background of sociological analysis in order to better understand how computer interfaces may support performance. We show how this generic formalisation can be used in the deconstruction, analysis and understanding of performative action and more broadly in live performance. Two examples of this form of analysis are shown: the installation piece Deus Oculi; and Stelarc’s Ping Body performance piece. The analysis of these pieces renders visible the varied (re)mappings of the causal nature of interaction, direct and indirect effects, and how these are perceived and exploited by the various members of performance social groupings. Our aim, then, is to provide a model that can be used to explore the relationships that exist in performative activities across domains.

This paper presents a complete model-based approach to the building of presentation for a business oriented highly interactive application. This approach is considered complete in the sense that it supports a continuum from task analysis to a first prototype without disruption. The main steps involved in the proposed methodology include a task analysis performed as a hierarchical decomposition of the interactive task into sub-tasks, a specification of the functional requirements and its integration with task analysis results, a ...

Visually guided tracking paradigms can provide insight into the adaptability of motor control strategies. We argue that the question of whether a sensorimotor process, or its absence, is beneficial or detrimental for performance is one that needs to be answered relative to the sensory cues available in the environment and the given task constraints. In this paper we describe how and when environmental cues have task-dependent benefits. We used a new pursuit-tracking paradigm and added, removed, or replaced cues within the same tracking task in either predictable or unpredictable environments to investigate the use and adaptability of different control strategies. Participants were invited to perform a tracking task over six blocks in six different conditions. Compared to a condition where both target and control cursor (cues) were visible, performance was maintained when a cue was added and decreased when a cue was removed. Our results show that participants only learned to use new cues if the old one was removed and the replacement was valid. This means that the sensorimotor system adapts only if forced to do so instead of constantly exploiting optimization strategies.

The integration of interactive systems consisting of humans, artifacts, and the environment requires a precursory image as a prerequisite for the designer's cognitive processes. No concrete model for constructing it has been presented. In this study we proposed and verified a hypothesis for the construction model of system. It is that an organized precursory image involving the system is constructed, part of which are visualized in a sketch. Basho conditions constrain the behavior of an element. As a result, the following three points were confirmed. First, Basho conditions are reflected in text and idea sketches. Second, the system is visualized in the sketch by the abduction of the Ba based on the conditions of Basho. Third, the visualized sketch include this precursory image, system. This means that concrete sketches of artifacts and environments satisfying the conditions of Basho can identify system boundaries, interactions within the system, and interactions between the system and the outside.

This work presents the results achieved from the application of the Systematic Literature Mapping (SLM) methodology on the theme: Development of High-Level Assistive Technology (AT) Solutions. The article details the execution of this research technique to map the state-of-the-art on the proposed theme. Based on the obtained results, the paper proposes a taxonomy of the works, characterizing them according to the type of proposed solution and functionalities available in the applications. Additionally, the article highlights the architectural and technological aspects found in these studies. Finally, the paper discusses the main trends perceived throughout this analysis, as well as identifies potential gaps to be explored as a sequence of this research.

La robótica es una disciplina que viene siendo aplicada a los contextos de aprendizaje desde hace décadas. El uso de robots como tecnología mediadora en los procesos de enseñanzaaprendizaje ha evolucionado notablemente desde entonces, encuadrándose en diferentes perspectivas y aplicaciones. El desarrollo de la creatividad, así como la planificación y la resolución de problemas, o la adquisición de competencias procedimentales relacionadas con el ámbito tecnológico, son algunos de los aspectos que produce la robótica en el ámbito educativo. En el presente artículo describimos el desarrollo de un modelo de robot enmarcado dentro de este ámbito educativo, así como sus características y las aplicaciones. El modelo, cuyo primer prototipo fue iniciado en 2014 se ha desarrollado con componentes de hardware libre y código abierto. El presente artículo muestra las implicaciones de implementar dinámicas de trabajo con robots en ámbitos educativos universitarios, al tiempo que el uso de herramientas de simulación en entornos virtuales e inmersivos, usando librerías de software como ROS o simuladores como Gazebo, incrementa las posibilidades de desarrollar nuevas líneas de trabajo y dinámicas de aprendizaje innovadoras.

This paper investigates the use of a gaze-based interface for testing simple shared attention behaviours during an interaction scenario with a virtual agent. The interface is non-intrusive, operating in real-time using a standard web-camera for input, monitoring users' head directions and processing them in real-time for resolution to screen coordinates. We use the interface to investigate user perception of the agent's behaviour during a shared attention scenario. Our aim is to elaborate important factors to be considered when constructing engagement models that must account not only for behaviour in isolation, but also for the context of the interaction, as is the case during shared attention situations.

We investigate here an approach to modelling the dynamic information requirements of a user performing a number of tasks, addressing both the provision and representation of information, viewing the information as being distributed across a set of resources. From knowledge of available resources at the user interface, and task information needs we can identify whether the system provides the user with adequate support for task execution. We look at how we can use tools to help reason about these issues, and illustrate their use through an example. We also consider a full range of analyses suggested using this approach which could potentially be supported by automated reasoning systems.

Websites usually offer the same rating scale for all users and all tasks, but users can have very different preferences. In this paper, the authors study rating scales from the point of view of preferential choices, investigating i) if user preferences for rating scales depend on the object to evaluate, and ii) if user preferences change after they have rated an object repeatedly, gaining a high level of experience with the evaluated object. The authors first defined a model of rating scales, identifying generic classes based on features like granularity and visual metaphor. Then, the authors had users choose between three scales, one for each class, for rating two objects with opposite features, first in a condition where users had a low level of experience, and then in a condition where their level of experience was high. Results showed that user choices depend on the evaluated objects, while their level of experience influences their overall preferences, but not their choices when they have to rate a specific object. The authors conclude with some insights and guidelines for designers of interactive systems.

This paper presents a complete model-based approach to the building of presentation for a business oriented highly interactive application. This approach is considered complete in the sense that it supports a continuum from task analysis to a first prototype without disruption. The main steps involved in the proposed methodology include a task analysis performed as a hierarchical decomposition of the interactive task into sub-tasks, a specification of the functional requirements and its integration with task analysis results, a writing of an activity chaining graph which graphically depicts the information and function flow within the task, the selection of an interaction style, the definition of presentation units, the selection of abstract interaction objects, their transformation into concrete objects to be placed before generating a first prototype. The described methodology not only consists of the definition of these steps, but also shows how computeraided tools can au...