Digital Resources

El presente documento sirve de entrada, fundamentación y descripción sobre los materiales educativos TIC y su rol dentro de la política de incorporación de las TIC. El foco u objeto de este documento es el conjunto de procesos que involucra el aprovechamiento educativo de los materiales educativos TIC. Estos materiales son imprescindibles cuando se propone desarrollar el aprendizaje electrónico y para desarrollar actividades educativas enriquecidas con TIC. La perspectiva de este documento es asumir estos materiales desde el entorno en que se despliegan y no aislar su efecto en dependencia a los contenidos.

In order to define instrumentation in the context of mathematics education, it is necessary to define instruments: at this stage of this article we do not differentiate between instruments and artifacts, i.e. regard them as things that are created and used by humans to help, assist, support, enlarge, empower their activity. Instrumentation is the action to give someone an instrument, or the action by which someone acquires an instrument, in order to perform a given activity. The notion of instrumentation is part of a network of concepts; we will focus here on the main dialectical relationships between them.

This paper is an updated version of an entry of the Encyclopedia of Mathematics Education (Trouche, Gueudet & Pepin 2018). It is part of a collection, aiming to gather adaptations of this presentation 14 languages.
The documentational approach to didactics is a theory in mathematics education. Its aim is to understand teachers’ professional development by studying their interactions with the resources they use and design in/for their teaching. In this text we briefly describe the emergence of the approach, its theoretical background, its main concepts, and the associated methodology. We illustrate these aspects with examples from different research projects. This synthetic presentation is written for researchers, but also for non-specialists (e.g. master students) interested in a first discovery of the documentational approach.

Internet è uno strumento che offre straordinarie opportunità di raccogliere e consultare documenti, immagini e suoni: conoscenze sempre più utili e indispensabili nella società dell’informazione, in particolare per lo studio e per il lavoro. La Rete è però un mare in cui bisogna tenere la rotta per non disperdersi. La collana Risorse digitali intende fornire gli strumenti, i filtri, indispensabili per selezionare le informazioni scientifiche, tecniche e disciplinari disponibili nel Web.
Ogni ebook è dedicato a un diverso ambito disciplinare e propone un repertorio ragionato, sintetico e sistematico, creato secondo i criteri della qualità, dell’efficacia e dell’affidabilità delle risorse digitali fruibili in Rete.
L’idea nasce da un progetto della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia dell’Università degli Studi di Perugia. Lo scopo è quello di costruire una competenza informativa (o information literacy), ormai indispensabile a studenti, ricercatori, formatori, studiosi, che integri la preparazione informatica agli ambiti e agli strumenti di lavoro scientifici.

يتكون الكتاب الحالي من سبعة فصول. يعطي الفصل الأول الباحث فكرة عن متطلبات استخدام قواعد المعلومات الإلكترونية من الأجهزة والبرمجيات ومهارات الحاسب الأساسية التي ينبغي توافرها لديه.

ويقدم الفصل الثاني تعريفا لبعض المصطلحات الأساسية التي يقوم عليها الكتاب مثل: البحث الإلكتروني والمصادر الإلكترونية وقواعد المعلومات الإلكترونية المتخصصة والمكتبات الإلكترونية الرقمية.

ويعطي الفصل الثالث فكرة مختصرة عن مكونات قواعد المعلومات، وطرق البحث الإلكتروني، ومكونات الصفحة الرئيسة لقاعدة المعلومات، وجوانب اختلاف قواعد المعلومات، وخطوات البحث في قواعد المعلومات الإلكترونية والمصطلحات الإنجليزية الأساسية التي تستخدم في البحث الإلكتروني. وقد استقيت معلومات هذا الجزء من واقع مكونات وطرق استخدام قواعد معلوماتERIC, EDRS, Medline, WebEc, Dissertation Abstracts, Silverplatter, ProQuest, Ebsco Host, InfoTrac, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts.  التي سيتم شرحها وتوضيح طريقة استخدامها بالتفصيل في الفصل الرابع.

ويضم الفصل الرابع تدريبات على عشرة أنواع من قواعد المعلومات هي: ERIC, EDRS, Medline, WebEc, Dissertation Abstracts, Silverplatter, ProQuest, Ebsco Host, InfoTrac, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts.  . فقواعد المعلومات الخمسة الأولى تعتبر مهمة للباحث في المجال التربوي والطبي والاقتصادي ورسائل الدكتوراه، واستخدامها سهل مجاني ولا يحتاج إلى اشتراك أو رسوم أو اسم مستخدم وكلمة مرور. وهي ذات واجهات وتصاميم مختلفة. وسيتعرف الباحث من خلالها ويتدرب على استراتيجيات البحث الإلكتروني وخطواته بطرق مختلفة. أما قواعد معلوماتSilverplatter, ProQuest, EBSCO Host, InfoTrac, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts. فقد وقع الاختيار عليها من بين العدد الكبير من القواعد الموجودة والمستخدمة لعدة أسباب. أولها أن الباحث سيتمكن من الدخول عليها لأن لدى المكتبة المركزية بجامعة الملك سعود اشتراك في Silverplatter, ProQuest, EBSCO Host, InfoTrac. لذا يحتاج الباحث فقط إلى الحصول على اسم المستخدم وكلمة المرور من المكتبة المركزية للاتصال بها واستخدامها. وأضفت إليهاCambridge Scientific Abstracts لاختلافها عنها. حيث تستخدم كل منها واجهات وتصاميم وتفاصيل تختلف عن الأخرى. وتضم كل منها مجموعة من التخصصات. فإذا أتقن الباحث عملية البحث في إحداها سيتمكن من الحصول على المعلومات في أي تخصص شاْء.

إضافة إلى ما تقدم، فقد تم تخزين صفحات فعلية متتالية من كل قاعدة تمثل كل صفحة فيها خطوة من خطوات البحث الإلكتروني ابتداء بصفحة الدخول إلى قاعدة المعلومات حتى صفحة طباعة الوثيقة. حيث تم وضع أسهم وشرح باللغة العربية على أغلب مكونات الصفحة. وهذا سيتيح للباحث الذي لا يجيد اللغة الإنجليزية الفرصة للتعرف على مصطلحات البحث الإلكتروني الأساسية وحفظها لأنها تتكرر في جميع القواعد التي يغطيها الكتاب والقواعد التي لا يغطيها.

ويتضمن الفصل الخامس قائمة بالاختصارات الشائعة الاستخدام في قواعد المعلومات مع المفردات والعبارات التي تشير إليها كاملة ومقابلاتها العربية.

ويقدم الفصل السادس نبذة عن دور نشر قواعد المعلومات الخمسة التي تم شرح طريقة البحث فيها في الفصل الخامس وهي: Silverplatter, ProQuest, EBSCO Host, Gale Group (Infotrac), Cambridge Scientific Abstracts. وعدد الدوريات التي تغطيها وقائمة بقواعد المعلومات التي ترخصها، وما إذا كانت قواعدها تحتوي على نصوص كاملة أو ملخصات وكشافات. 

أما الفصل الأخير فيحتوي على قائمة مختارة تتكون من 131 قاعدة معلومات تغطي تخصصات عديدة تشمل العلوم والتكنولوجيا والطب والصيدلة والتمريض وعلم الأدوية وإدارة الصحة والمستشفيات والهندسة والعمارة وعلوم الحاسب والإلكترونيات والفضاء وعلوم البحار والمياه وبحوث العمليات والفيزياء والكيمياء والأحياء والجيولوجيا والزراعة والنفايات والبيئة وعلوم الأرض وعلوم المكتبات والمعلومات والرياضيات والعلوم التطبيقية والإنسانية والاجتماعية والتربوية والنفسية والقياس العقلي والمصادر السمعية والبصرية والتدريب واللغة واللغويات والأدب والشعر والنقد والآثار والأنثروبولوجيا والفن والموسيقى والأفلام والتلفزيون والأديان والفلسفة والعلوم السياسية والإدارة والاقتصاد والتجارة والتسويق والمحاسبة والقانون وعلم الجريمة والجنايات والإعلام والسياحة والإعلان والأنساب والأعلام والصحف والمجلات وبراءات الاختراع والشركات والكليات والمعاهد والجامعات ورسائل الدكتوراه والماجستير.

Libraries have to play a central role in higher education institutions in supporting learning, teaching and research activities. Along with the other sectors of Higher Education, Library also has experience of last two decades of unprecedented change of leT. It force the academic libraries to transformed their operations according to present digital environment, where users expecting library services in 2417 mode. In recent years, e-resources have become most popular source of information for academic community. It provides the facility to librarians to work together to acquire and share library collection and provide digital library services to the users community. Due to increases in subject contents of all subjects and shrinking of the library budget make compulsion to library to come together for recourse sharing and the concept oflibrary consortium has originated. This paper explores the concepts, issues, type and facilities offered by the library consortium and discuss how it useful for academic library.

“To instrumentalize” is generally defined  as “to perform (a piece of music) using a musical instrument or instruments” or “To arrange or score (a piece of music) for instruments, especially for an orchestra”, or “To make or render (something) instrumental to accomplishing a purpose or result; to use as a means to an end”. In mathematics education, the noun “instrumentalization” has been more frequently used than the verb “to instrumentalize”. This type of use has evolved over the time, keeping a strong link with general definitions above, pointing out the creative potential of an agent (performing, arranging, scoring, making something instrumental….), in the frame of an orchestra.
In this article, we will first address our general view on mediated action, before introducing the notion of instrumentalization, as adapting a tool for adopting it as a support of one’s mathematical activity. We situate this notion as an element of the dialectics instrumentalization-instrumentation grounding the instrumental approach. Next, we evidence the evolution of this notion, giving more importance to its role in learning processes. In the fourth section, we underline the influence of this evolution for rethinking the role of the teacher. In the fifth section, we analyze the influence of this evolution for rethinking the instrumental approach itself. From these dynamics, finally, we will sketch some perspectives for further research

Geçmişte ilim için yollara düşenleri, gerçek mekânlar ve kütüphaneler beklemekteydi. Uzun süren yolculukların ardından kitaba dokunuluyor ve kitap hissediliyordu. Bilgisayar ve internet çağının araştırmacıları olarak bizler ise, klavyemizin tuşlarına basarak ya da ekranlarımıza işaret parmağımızla dokunarak işe başlıyoruz. İlim yolculuğumuza “1” ve “0”larla döşenmiş dijital yollarda devam ediyoruz.  Bu makalemizde ele alacağımız dijital (sayısal) kaynaklar, internet vasıtasıyla bize sunulan içeriklerdir. Veri tabanları, ansiklopediler, kitaplar, süreli yayınlar, makaleler, tezler, elektronik kitaplar akademik çalışmada öncelikli dijital kaynaklardandır. Günümüzde kapsayıcı ve detaylı bir akademik çalışma, online ortamda geniş bir taramayı gerekli kılmaktadır. Bilgisayar ve internet teknolojisinin daha yoğun bir şekilde kullanılmaya başlanmasıyla araştırmacılar için yeni bir ihtiyaç ortaya çıkmıştır. Sadece kaynakların değil, öğretimin de sanal ortama taşındığı günümüzde dijital araçlara erişim ve dijital araçların kullanımı daha fazla önem kazanmıştır. Eski Türk Edebiyatı alanında yayın ya da tez çalışması yapmak isteyen bir araştırmacı için literatür taraması, el yazma eserlere erişim, kataloglardaki kayıt yanlışları, dijital sözlüklere erişim, Microsoft Word’de metin transkripsiyonu gibi hususlar önem arz etmektedir. Daha çok kaynağa, daha hızlı ve doğru yollardan ulaşmak, akademik bir çalışma için artık vazgeçilmez hâle gelmiştir. Bu makalemizde, dijital kaynaklar ve onların Eski Türk Edebiyatı çalışmalarında kullanımı örnekleriyle ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca Microsoft Word ile metin transkripsiyonu yaparken dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar üzerinde durulacaktır.

Abstract
In the past, real places and dusty shelves of libraries awaited those who hit the road for science. Journeys lasting months were made by riding horses and camels. The book was touched, the book felt. As researchers of the computer and internet age, we start by pressing the keys of our keyboard or by touching our screens with our forefinger. We continue our journey of knowledge on digital roads paved with "1" and "0".  The digital resources that we will consider in this article are the content offered to us via the internet. Databases, encyclopedias, books, periodicals, articles, theses, electronic books are among the priority digital resources in academic study. Today, an inclusive and detailed academic study requires extensive research in the online environment. With the more intensive use of computer and internet technology, a new need has arisen for researchers. Access to digital tools and the use of digital tools have become more important in today's world, where not only resources but also teaching are transferred to the virtual environment. For a researcher who wants to make a publication or thesis in the field of Old Turkish Literature, issues such as literature review, access to manuscripts, record errors in catalogs, access to digital dictionaries, text transcription in Microsoft Word are important. Reaching more resources in faster and more accurate ways has become indispensable for an academic study. In this article, the use of digital resources in Old Turkish Literature studies will be discussed through examples. In addition, the issues that need to be considered about text transcription with Microsoft Word will be emphasized.

There is, in France, a long-term tradition of research in the didactics of mathematics. In this paper, we revisit this tradition using, as a specific lens, the research carried out on the educational use of digital tools and resources for teaching and learning mathematics. We first briefly introduce this tradition and the three main theories at the base of it: the theory of didactical situations, the theory of conceptual fields, and the anthropological theory of the didactic. Then, considering three different technological lenses, i.e., dynamic geometry environments, computer algebra systems, and digital resources, we show how these theories and the long-term connection established in this tradition with the fields of cognitive ergonomics and computer sciences have influenced technological research and its outcomes. We also show that, conversely, didactic technological research has led to original and influential theoretical constructions, such as the instrumental approach and the documentational approach to didactics, and that it has contributed in a substantial way to the opening of this didactic tradition to other didactic cultures and other communities, beyond the didactic one. Keywords: anthropological theory of the didactic; computer algebra system; didactical engineering; didactic technological research; digital resources; documentational approach to didactics; dynamic geometry environment; instrumental approach to didactics; theory of conceptual fields; theory of didactical situations

We propose a research tool useful to describe and identify elements of teachers’ schemes of digital resources selection. This tool allows the teacher to evoke (recall) actions and knowledge,through photos, videos and resources used by the teacher. As a result of this reflective recall process, the teacher produces maps, diagrams and verbal explanations about his/her selection process.

Wersja recenzowana artykulu dostepna jest w publikacji "Przegląd Biblioteczny 2006, nr 2" (ISSN: 0033-202X) wydanej przez Stowarzyszenie Bibliotekarzy Polskich / Peer-reviewed version of the article was published in "Library Review 2006, No. 2" (ISSN: 0033-202X) issued by Polish Librarians' Associtation

The documentational approach to didactics is a theory in mathematics education. Its first aim is to understand teachers' professional development by studying their interactions with the resources they use and design in/for their teaching. In this text we briefly describe the emergence of the approach, its theoretical sources, its main concepts and the associated methodology. We illustrate these aspects with examples from different research projects. This synthetic presentation is written for researchers, but also for non-specialists (e.g. master students) interested in a first discovery of the documentational approach.

This article presents the proposal of the program for digital documents long-term archiving in polish libraries. The program includes the most actual standards of digital materials long term archiving recommended by organizations advanced in archiving activities. Polish institutions possibilities and legal environment were also taken into consideration.

(Final draft manuscript for Oxford Research Encyclopedia on Latin American History. The copy-edited version will soon be available at ORE for a limited time at no cost. Please cite that version. )

Given its historical and current roles in Latin American societies, coffee has generated substantial interest and information. Documents up to mid-20thcentury have been partly digitized by researchers, or generated in electronic format by inter/national organizations after 1960. Digitized information at first was primarily time series, censuses and other quantitative data to address economic and technological aspects, and other primary and secondary sources for social and political ones. Historical and cultural geography, environmental and rural history of coffee-producing areas have resorted to scanned or digital maps and GIS, together with aerial photography after mid-century and satellite images since the 1990s, as well as datasets on climate and diseases, and scientific or technical reports. Digital collections of audio/video recordings, paintings and photographs, expanded the range of sources and topics. Digitalizing research involves critical and creative sourcework, but also more than digitizing sources. Creating and linking databases containing nominal information, together with archival sources and oral history, has allowed researchers to further integrate quantitative and qualitative methods. Software for network or content analysis, genealogy and timelines has been used increasingly. Machine-learning, exploration of big data and historical/spatial data mining are still incipient for Latin American coffee. Digital resources -combined with other sources and methods, guided by appropriate research questions in a theoretical/epistemological framework- are key for meaningful and systematic comparative discussions of national/local processes within a regional/global context. However, many digital resources are not publicly available or require payment; historical datasets should be public goods. Much work is yet required to digitize documents such as accounting of coffee estates, customs records, and associations´ minutes, as well as multiple secondary sources. Digitalizing historical research on coffee is a learning process and requires additional expertise; convergent and cross-disciplinary methodological approaches are needed to comprehensively address the economic, environmental, social, political and cultural history of coffee.

siehe die Präsentationen im angegebenen Link.
Aus dem Inhalt:
• Virtuelles Ausstellungsportal der Forschungsbibliothek Gotha
• Programm zum Fachtag Digital Humanities in Jena
• Kultur- und Wissensportal Thüringen
• Editionsportal Thüringen
• Die PROPYLÄEN. Forschungsplattform zu Goethes Biographica
• Die Entwicklung des Thüringer Flurnamenportals

Zeit: Mi., 17. Juli 2019, 14:00 – 18:00 Uhr
Ort: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, Vortragssaal (R. 102)
(Veranstalter: DHnet Jena / Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena)

Social media platforms such as Twitter have allowed for a substantial increase in collaboration between academics, allowing access to information and advice from one side of the world to the other. This is especially true among both archaeologists and zooarchaeologists, who often turn to Twitter with faunal bones that they have been unable to identify so that another pair of zooarchaeological eyes can help. In many cases, Twitter has allowed access to reference collections that would have otherwise been inaccessible due to distance and monetary reasons.
Based on numerous experiences in using the zooarchaeology community on Twitter to successfully identify archaeofaunal bones, this paper proposes that the next logical step for continuing collaboration among zooarchaeologists to is to develop an international digital database of faunal bone references, crowdsourced from reference collections of zooarchaeologists and institutions around the world. This database could bring zooarchaeology into the Open Access movement that will arguably define the future of archaeology in the digital world.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

This paper discusses the health information needs and drivers of UK patients in terms of a health 'information journey'. This journey is identified from the experiences of both NHS Direct, who provide information services, and patients themselves. 22 in-depth interviews were conducted with patients and information providers at NHS Direct. The findings identify a health 'information journey' for the patient from 'initiating information requirements' to the 'facilitation of that information' and the need for 'contextualized information interpretation' and mediation. We also discuss how NHS Direct uses information resources to support patients' needs by specifying elements of the information journey they do and do not support, and how those needs are supported by other professionals. The study has shown that patients are often confused about how various resources fit into their journey (e.g. can doctors facilitate information retrieval, will they provide barriers to its interpretation). The findings of this paper support health digital library designers in their development of appropriate systems and support for those systems.

Publikacje elektroniczne stanowią obecnie pokaźną część światowych zasobów bibliotecznych, archiwalnych i muzealnych. Biorąc pod uwagę pogląd, że "technologia cyfrowa ulegnie trwałemu wbudowaniu w dorobek obecnego i następnych pokoleń rodzaju ludzkiego" [1], warto ustalić, co to oznacza dla instytucji pamięci, odpowiedzialnych za zabezpieczenie i przechowanie światowego dorobku nauki i kultury, a przede wszystkim, jakimi metodami instytucje te mogą się posłużyć, aby pozostawić przyszłym pokoleniom świadectwo teraźniejszej intelektualnej działalności.

Abstract: In this article, we try to gather some of the ideas exposed in the communication presented to the Jornadas sobre estudio y gestión del Patrimonio Cultural, held in Logroño, (24 - 26 of November of 2005).
The above mentioned paper had two different but linked parts. In the first one we approached to a sequence of concepts on the Cultural Heritage and the role of the New Technologies; its nature, its use and abuse, its limits, etc. In the second one we offered a selection of useful high quality resources on line for researches.

Key words: New Technologies, Internet, Cultural Heritage, Archaeological Patrimony, research, high quality resources.
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Resumen: En esta colaboración se pretenden recoger algunas de las ideas expuestas en la ponencia de las Jornadas sobre estudio y gestión del Patrimonio Cultural, celebradas en Logroño, del 24 al 26 de Noviembre de 2005.
Dicha ponencia-práctica constó de dos partes diferenciadas pero intrínsicamente vinculadas. En la primera de ellas se abordaron una serie de conceptos que nos condujeron a unas reflexiones sobre el Patrimonio Cultural y el papel de las Nuevas Tecnologías; su naturaleza, su uso y abuso, sus límites, etc. Una vez visto esto afrontamos la segunda parte, es decir, la consulta directa de una selección de recursos de alta calidad científica que pueden ser útiles en nuestra tarea cotidiana de investigación.

Palabras clave: Nuevas Tecnologías, Internet, Patrimonio Cultural, Patrimonio Arqueológico, investigación, recursos de alta calidad científica.

This paper discusses the health information needs and drivers of UK patients in terms of a health 'information journey'. This journey is identified from the experiences of both NHS Direct, who provide information services, and patients themselves. 22 in-depth interviews were conducted with patients and information providers at NHS Direct. The findings identify a health 'information journey'for the patient from 'initiating information requirements' to the 'facilitation of that information'and the need for 'contextualized ...

In this presentation, we present our experience, while working in the MC Squared project, with the design of educational digital resources aiming at promoting creative mathematical thinking. The resources are produced within an innovative socio-technological environment called " c-book technology " (c for creative) by a community gathering together mathematics teachers, computer scientists and researchers in mathematics education. In this paper, we highlight processes of collaborative design of the " Experimental geometry " c-book resource and we discuss the design choices resulting in the resource affordances to promote creativity in mathematics in terms of personalized non-linear path, constructivist approach, autonomous learning, and meta-cognition based activities, among others.

Russell Osgoode, then of Cornell Law School and now President of Grinnell College. For several years the AJLH continued to be published on a regular schedule, but during the 1990s, as a result of editorial changes and administrative problems, the AJLH began to appear more sporadically and production quality suffered. Beginning in 2004, a new editorial arrangement showed signs of correcting these problems, back issues were published, and the journal now shows signs of health. In the same year that the AJLH began its revival, a new specialist legal history journal began publication. Roman Legal Tradition is published collaboratively between the Roman Law Society of America, the University of Kansas School of Law, and the Civil Law Institute at the University of Aberdeen. It is edited by Professor Ernest Metzger of the University of Aberdeen, Professor Charles Donahue of the Harvard Law School, and Professor M.H. Hoeflich of the University of Kansas. The new journal publishes articles on Roman law from antiquity to the present and also publishes an annual bibliography. Two issues have so far appeared, the issues for 2004 and 2005. The issue for 2005 was a special issue which published the papers presented at a memorial conference held at the University of Aberdeen in honor of the late Professor David Daube. Professor Metzger, one of the editors of Roman Legal Tradition, is also the proprietor of a website, iuscivile.com. This website not only publishes excerpts from articles appearing in Roman Legal Tradition, but also publishes reference tools for those interested in Roman law, including a global list of Roman law researchers, a bibliography of materials relating to the history of Roman law, and a list of corrections to the University of Pennsylvania translation of Justinian's Digest.' The application of digital and internet technology to the publication of legal historical material has given the subject an unprecedented boost. It would be impossible to list, let alone describe, all of the digital legal history projects underway currently in the United States. However, several projects, because of their scope and innovation, deserve particular attention.

هدف: وضعیت موجود حفاظت و نگهداری میراث ملی رقمی در سازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران از این زوایا بررسی شده است. ش: 1) وضعیت حفاظت و نگهداری میراث ملی در قالب رقمی در سازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی 2) کارآیی و امکانات سازمان در انجام حفاظت رقمی 3)  شناسائی کمبودها و نیازهای حفاظت رقمی در سازمان 4) پیشنهاد به منظور بهبود ساختار حفاظت رقمی.
روش/ رویکرد پژوهش: روش کتابخانه­ای و روش پیمایشی- توصیفی دو روش مورد استفاده در پژوهش حاضر است. از روش اول به منظور ارائه چارچوب نظری پژوهش، بررسی راهکارهای مورد استفاده در حفاظت رقمی در جهان خصوصاً کتابخانه­های ملی استرالیا، انگلستان، کنگره و کتابخانه و آرشیو کانادا و طراحی سیاهه وارسی استفاده شد. از روش پیمایشی- توصیفی به منظور پژوهش در مورد وضعیت موجود حفاظت رقمی در سازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی ایران استفاده گردید. ابزار پژوهش مورد استفاده سیاهه وارسی بود که بر اساس پژوهش­های مرتبط، سیاهه وارسی­های موجود و نیز تطبیق با نیازهای کتابخانه­های ملی طراحی شد. در این روش یافته­ها به صورت غیرمستقیم با مصاحبه از مدیران بخش فناوری و ارتباطات و اداره کل منابع دیجیتال و نیز بررسی گزارشات عملکرد و مستندات سازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی و همچنین مشاهده وب­سایت سازمان گردآوری شدند.
یافته­ها: حفاظت رقمی در سطح بیت شامل  ذخیره­سازی ایمن همراه با پشتیبان­گیری مورد تأکید اعمال می­شود. اقدامات امنیتی و بهبود بحران تدابیر لازم  انجام یافته است. استفاده از متس، دابلین کور و هماهنگی با نظام اطلاعاتی آرشیوی باز از اقدامات تخصصی حفاظت رقمی در سازمان است.
نتیجه­گیری: سازمان در امر حفاظت بر ذخیره­سازی ایمن همراه با پشتیبان­گیری تأکید دارد، اما برای حفاظت منطقی، تدوین برنامه حفاظت  اقدام نکرده است.

Поднимаются вопросы, связанные с изменениями в науке и образовании в цифровую эпоху:
история и этапы развития информационного подхода в гуманитарных исследованиях, формиро-
вание национальных школ. Характеризуются современное состояние и перспективы Digital humanities
– новой информационной среды гуманитарных исследований с распределенными ре-
сурсами, доступными посредством сетевых коммуникаций. Особое внимание уделяется истори-
ческой информатике: ее специфике, отношениям с Digital history и модели развития в рамках
Ассоциации «История и компьютер» (АИК).

A review of the first version of Perseus, which came in several CD ROMS. At the time it was necessary even to explain what a CD ROM was. In ten years time, it will be necessary again to explain it to the ordinary teenager. An archaeological artifact from the prehistory of digital humanities.

The study and teaching of legal history has flourished in the last few decades in the United States. This progression has been augmented by several key factors. First, digital sources have made legal and historical documents widely accessible. A chief difficulty scholars once faced while teaching legal history was a limited access to important documents; printed scholarly journals are expensive to produce, buy, and store. However, the advent of digital technology has provided greater ease of access to once difficult to obtain sources. For example, scholars at Yale Law School’s Avalon Project placed essential documents on the Internet, where they can be viewed easily and for free. Reprints of classic texts allow for inexpensive and easy access to old and rare documents. A second contributing factor to the growth of legal history scholarship is the increasing acceptance of dual-degree legal historians in both law schools and history faculties. Older and more mature dual-degree holders have blazed a path for a younger generation of legal historians. By training and finding employment for their younger counterparts, these older legal historians have a powerful effect on the discipline. A third factor contributing to this growth is the increased interest in several subjects within the field of legal history, such as: the history of legal writing; law and war; courts and judicial review; civil rights; medieval and English law; Islamic law; legal institutions; as well as historically significant individuals in the field of law. These advances in access to historical legal documents coupled with an expansion of subjects covered will alter how legal history is viewed and developed. One goal of legal history scholars is for lawyers to perceive issues of U.S. law as questions of legal history.

There is, in France, a long-term tradition of research in the didactics of mathematics. In this paper, we revisit this tradition using, as a specific lens, the research carried out on the educational use of digital tools and resources for teaching and learning mathematics. We first briefly introduce this tradition and the three main theories at the base of it: the theory of didactical situations, the theory of conceptual fields, and the anthropological theory of the didactic. Then, considering three different technological lenses, i.e., dynamic geometry environments, computer algebra systems, and digital resources, we show how these theories and the long-term connection established in this tradition with the fields of cognitive ergonomics and computer sciences have influenced technological research and its outcomes. We also show that, conversely, didactic technological research has led to original and influential theoretical constructions, such as the instrumental approach and the d...

As the title indicates, the themes of this paper are both process/es (creating) and product/s
(digital humanities). We digitize humanities resources and make them (together with born digital materials) openly available in maximally usable, manipulable collections. Faculty-library partnerships provide robust, impactful mechanisms and models for creating digital
humanities resources for teaching, learning and research (TLR).

Since 1998 German National Library has been collecting and archiving scientific theses and dissertations. Main goal of „Disserationen Online” project is development of organizational and technical infrastructure and putting forward a proposal of regulation by law for gathering, archiving and accessing to scientific theses and dissertations.
The Deutsche Bibliothek, German national library owing to previous activities gained an experience in creating electronic publications, their recording in proper digital format,
creating metadata for digital documents, transferring documents to library, their storage and archiving in scientific thesis and dissertations deposit of German national library and
accessing to documents for authorized users.

A myriad of digital resources that can be used in educational purposes and which can be Learning Objects has emerged on the Internet. Imperative of the scientific research community is to make these Learning Objects available to all whohave an interest in education: companies, universities, schools, professors, teachers, students, pupils, lifelong learners,etc. The objective to be achieved is that Learning Objects are easily found and that they can be reused an unlimited number of times. Learning Objects Metadata contains all relevant information about digital Learning Object and therefore they are the most important element in searching and retrieving. The fact is that the discovery of Learning Objects that have "English" metadata is much easier than in the case of localized Learning Objects that have "non- English" metadata. The process of localization of the learning objects means applicability of different languages(multilingualism) and different cultural contexts (multiculturalism). The process of localization of the software, and therefore of the digital learning resources, is divided into three parts: the first part is adjusting to the "local environment" (locale), the second part is a translation and adaptation of the user interface and the third part is thetranslation and adaptation of the documentation. The third part includes the localization of metadata. A proposed process for improvement of discovery and exchange of the localized Learning Objects from a localized repository is given as metadata enrichment - Localized Metadata Enrichment (LME). In this paper we propose method for localized Learning Objects metadata enrichment through Cyrillic transliteration.

The mass of the Z boson has been determined by combining the data from the four LEP experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL. The dominant error arises from uncertainties in the calibration of the energy of the beams in LEP. A programme of investigations including energy calibration by resonant depolarization of transversely polarized beams has led to a signicant reduction of the uncertainty on the Z mass compared with the precision achieved with the 1990 data. The mass of the Z is measured to be M Z = (91:187 0:007) GeV.

The widespread availability of digital learning resources in a variety of media formats offers the possibility to make a profound difference in education. This potential has not been fully realised for range of interrelated reasons. In this paper we study the key characteristics of learning resources that have proved effective in changing learning and teaching, and relate them to existing frameworks for understanding resources. We outline the relationships between resources, their users, and the way they are used, and explore issues that influence practitioners in choosing a particular resource. Our study is based on a review of resources for e-learning and chemistry in post-compulsory education, undertaken for the UK Joint Information Systems Committees (JISC), as part of a wider study examining 'The Effectiveness of Resources, Tools and Support Services used by Tutors in Designing and Delivering E-Learning Activities'.