Department of Social Sciencies

Social changes demand a continuously increasing level of population erudition, which is to be helped by an increased quality of university education. University graduation poses a demanding study activity for students, which requires self-regulation mechanisms, attention and effective curriculum processing. University teacher can help effective learning by respecting the learning styles of students, which are closely connected to their type of thinking. Some experts [1] assume that study texts should be created in a way to reflect the type of thinking of students; i.e. serial thinking students require a differently structured study text as opposed to holistic thinking students. In this research, using the eye-tracking technology, we examined whether technically oriented students use serial thinking for acquiring and processing information and for the following problem-solving and whether humane education students use holistic thinking.

The e-learning courses are more and more favourite among students and university teachers. The paradigm of education is changing from the point of view the accreditation of distance education at universities. The distance course in the form of e-learning has to be as effective as face to face course. The following preparation of educational materials is one of way to fulfil above mentioned demand. The ESF project "E-learning elements for support education of speciality and technical subject matter" can be one of example this approach. Project started by preparatory courses of university teachers, the design and learning materials were prepared, evaluation of these materials from the point of speciality and pedagogy, pilot courses with students' evaluation of courses, action research of university teachers during these pilot courses, and recension of materials by creators. All project activities were done by electronic form. We have tried to evaluate this big pedagogic...

This work aims to develop the awareness on the possibilities of diagnosing risk factors of dysfunctional family systems of primary families, in this case in families of university students. The goal is to inform about discovered risks as they can significantly affect students' decision-making processes, their performance, reaction to stress, their ability to cope with the study environment and also their relationships as adults. In regards to the discovered risk factors, the authors try to find their opposites, factors that balance and protect.

An optimal motivation for learning is one of the fundamental prerequisites for study success, it is therefore understandable that experts are still looking for additional ways to positively influence university students in this field. One option is the coherent and deliberate use of the close interdependence of motivational and emotional processes. In our reflections, we assume that the low motivation level of university students to learn can be caused by their dissatisfaction with certain areas of their lives. The emotions that they experience may prevent them from experiencing the enjoyment of learning, negatively influence attention, concentration, and will, which reflects in their lack of interest and even indifference to learning activities and consequently in deterioration of their learning outcomes. To find out how the students of the VSB – Technical University of Ostrava are satisfied with selected areas of their lives, we presented them with a series of ten consecutive stim...

At present, there are many methods how to evaluate the structure quality of concept maps; however, there is no tool which would evaluate the cognitive effectiveness of graphic notations in concept maps. One of the possibilities how to evaluate concept maps is to use the principles of graphic notation design. These principles, which were developed by Daniel Moody, are based on experience from various fields of study, such as cognitive psychology, human-computer interaction, semiotics, communication etc. This article presents the use of Moody’s principles for the evaluation of the effectiveness of graphic notation in concept maps.

Fortunately, the role of emotions in relation to motivation and the learning process has been increasingly taken into account lately, not only for younger pupils but for all generations of students, including university students. In the past already, the educational goals were divided into cognitive, affective and psychomotor but at universities, the emphasis has always been more on cognitive goals. University student’s motivation to learn is a complex psychic process, which is influenced, among other things, by the student’s volitional (I must) qualities and their emotions (I am interested, I enjoy). An important part of studies is also the acquisition and strengthening of social personality competences (soft skills), which are closely related to emotions and which, together with expertise, are an important part of every profession. In the research, we first found out how the emotions and motivation of university students are utilised in the teaching of the course Water Management ...

and background The growing demand for wireless communications has impacted the dynamics of spectrum management and the challenge of accommodating more users into a finite number of frequency bands is being investigated since the publication of [1]. Cognitive Radio (CR) emerged as a new paradigm for the intelligent use of the spectrum. A native user of a particular frequency band is known as primary user (PU), while the device that utilize CR is known as secondary user (SU). Under the interweave paradigm, the SU device senses different frequency bands and when verifying the absence of the PU in any of them, it occupies it in an opportunistic way. 1.1 State of the art The most simple and effective mechanism for spectrum sensing is the energy detector (ED), presented for the first time in [2]. This technique is based on the level of signal energy sensed and their performance is measured in terms of detection and false alarm probabilities. The correct specification of these parameters provides robust protection to PU's transmission. The PU has the priority in the use of the frequency band; therefore, the SU senses the spectrum periodically and after that it can execute two actions in the Abstract Closed-form expressions for the detection probability, the false alarm probability and the energy detector constant threshold are derived using approximations of the central chi-square and non-central chi-square distributions. The approximations used show closer proximity to the original functions when compared to the expressions used in the literature. The novel expressions allow gains up to 6% and 16% in terms of measured false alarm and miss-detection probability, respectively, if compared to the Central Limit Theorem approach. The throughput of cognitive network is also enhanced when these novel expressions are implemented, providing gains up to 9%. New equations are also presented that minimize the total error rate to obtain the detection threshold and the optimal number of samples. The analytical results match the results of the simulation for a wide range of SNR values.

Předložená monografie kriticky analyzuje pojem politické nevědomí v díle amerického filosofa a kulturního kritika Fredrica Jamesona s cílem tento pojem analyzovat v různých kontextech jeho teoretického vývoje, zejména pak v tom, co samotný Jameson označuje pojmem postmodernismus a vytvořit tak interpretační nástroj pro analýzu současné společnosti a populární kultury. V první části monografie je analyzována Jamesonova metodologie, kterou označuje pojmem dialektický kriticismus. Také je zde analyzován samotný pojem politické nevědomí ve vztahu k uměleckým artefaktům. Jameson umění považuje za symbolický akt, a z tohoto důvodu se zaměřuje zejména na kontext, z něhož dílo vzešlo (historizování). V druhé části monografie je politické nevědomí analyzováno ve vztahu k postmodernismu, který se vyznačuje ztrátou historicity, schizofrenií a fragmentovanou společností. V postmodernismu se také smazala hranice mezi vysokým a populárním uměním, což Jamesona vede k závěru, že umělecké dílo je nutno analyzovat novým způsobem, protože je složité v něm interpretovat dobový kontext a tudíž jej nelze historizovat. V poslední části monografie jsou výsledky předchozí analýzy interpretovány ve vztahu k fenoménu depolitizace dějin a populární kultury (zejména filmu). I když se zdá, že kulturní artefakt podléhá nové logice pozdního kapitalismu (postmodernismu), může i tak fungovat jako médium pro politické sdělení určité ideologie.

The article deals with the analysis of the dialectical criticism that was developed in the theory of Fredric Jameson. The main question is whether this method was used in his analysis of the postmodernism which he asserts is the new depthnessless derived from economic dynamics of the late capitalism. However, to answer this question, the article explores Jameson's approach that he used for analysis of the modernistic cultural artefacts, namely the method of so called allegorization. The allegorization allows to read the cultural artefact as a mediation between a man and the culture. Jameson has used this analysis in various contexts, namely in the analysis of the film as a political medium that is buried the political unconscious. After these analyses, it is possible to identify if he used any part of this method in the analysis of postmodernism. This comparison revealed that Jameson has analyzed the postmodernism in modernistic frame and – thanks to that – he was able to proclaim that postmodernism is only an instrument for the production of an eternal diversity. Nevertheless, this is a situation in which it is not possible to analyse a cultural artecact as a symbolic act, as a context of the history, and find any principles of the political unconscious in it. For in the fragmented society, the context does not exist anymore.

The article deals with a current phenomenon that grows up in (not only) European politics and society today. The subject of my investigation, rise of the nationalist populism, is analysed in relation to the increase of the social poverty and (reconstructed) media picture of the migrant crisis. In the following text, the both causes (poverty and media) of the populism are linked with the neoliberal political ideology that is hegemonic nowadays. The analysis is primarily focused on examples from the Czech Republic but this does not mean we cannot find similar features of the phenomena in other countries (for example Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, etc.) where these political conditions exist as well. By the support of the Minimal state and expanse of the media images in the society, neoliberalism extends the fear of incoming migrants that are – by the society – considered to be a threat. On this base, the article is going to refer the changes in the public opinion on one of the major democratic mechanism, agency of the civil society that has been a part of the real liberal political system. Without evaluating whether to accept or reject the migrants, the study describes negative symptoms of the construed fear that could lead to the so-called post-fascism. By this term, I label the simple political solutions of the complex problems.

The article deals with the possible causes of the rise of contemporary populism. Political ideology of neoliberalism that implies divergence social classes is analysed. On the one hand, by the regulation of the welfare state in society, uncertainty and poverty are created. On the other hand, in such situation, society is confronted by the medial image of the immigrant crisis. If we add to this issue the problem of deideologization of the politics as well, platform is then constitued in the society on simple solutions of the complex problems are created.