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    7 - FW Rectification

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    7 - FW Rectification

    Uploaded by

    ahsankhoso0007
    3 views28 pages

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    7- FW Rectification

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    3 views28 pages

    7 - FW Rectification

    Uploaded by

    ahsankhoso0007

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    BASIC

    ELECTRONIC
    S
    FULL WAVE
    RECTIFICATION
    Center tap
    Transformer

    Center tap CONTENT


    Rectifier S
    Bridge
    Rectifier
    A full-wave rectifier allows unidirectional (one-way)
    current through the load during the entire 360oof the input
    cycle.
    The result of full-wave rectification is an output voltage
    INTRODU with a frequency twice the input frequency and that
    pulsates every half-cycle of the input.
    CTION The number of positive alternations that make up the full-
    wave rectified voltage is twice that of the half-wave
    voltage for the same time interval.
    The average value, which is the value measured on a dc voltmeter, for a full-wave
    rectified sinusoidal voltage is twice that of the half-wave.

    VAVG is approximately 63.7% of Vp for a full-wave rectified voltage.


    CENTER-TAPPED
    TRANSFORMER
    A center-tapped rectifier is a type of full-wave
    CENTER- rectifier that uses two diodes connected to the
    secondary of a center-tapped transformer.
    TAPPED
    FULL- The input voltage is coupled through the
    WAVE transformer to the center-tapped secondary.

    RECTIFIE Half of the total secondary voltage appears


    R between the center tap and each end of the
    secondary winding.
    CENTER-TAPPED FULL-
    WAVE RECTIFIER
    For a positive half-cycle of the input voltage, the polarities
    CENTER- of the secondary voltages are as shown in Figure.
    This condition forward-biases diode D1 and reverse-biases
    TAPPED diode D2.
    FULL- The current path is through D1 and the load resistor RL

    WAVE
    RECTIFIE
    R
    For a negative half-cycle of the input voltage, the voltage

    CENTER- polarities on the secondary are as shown in Figure.


    This condition reverse-biases D1 and forward-biases D2 .
    TAPPED The current path is through D2 and RL
    FULL-
    WAVE
    RECTIFIE
    R
    CENTER-TAPPED FULL-WAVE
    RECTIFIER
    Output voltage of a center-tapped full-wave rectifier is always one-half of the total
    secondary voltage less the diode drop.

    Peak Inverse Voltage of Center-Tapped Full-Wave Rectifier


    a. Show the voltage waveforms across each half of the
    secondary winding and across RL when a 100 V peak
    sine wave is applied to the primary winding.
    b. What minimum PIV rating must the diodes have?

    EXAMPL
    E
    a. The transformer turns ratio n = 0.5. The total peak secondary voltage is

    There is a 25 V peak across each half of the secondary with respect to ground. The output load
    voltage has a peak value of 25 V, less the 0.7 V drop across the diode.
    b. Each diode must have a minimum PIV rating of
    The most familiar network for performing full wave rectification
    with its four diodes is called full wave bridge rectifier.
    The rectifier efficiency of a bridge rectifier is almost equal to the
    center tapped full wave rectifier. The only advantage of bridge
    rectifier over center tapped full wave rectifier is the reduction in
    BRIDGE cost.

    RECTIFIE In bridge rectifier, instead of using the center-tapped transformer,


    four diodes are used.
    R
    During the period t =0 to T/2 the polarity of the input is as
    shown in positive.
    The resulting polarities across the ideal diodes show that D2
    and D3 are conducting while D1 and D4 are in the “off” state.
    BRIDGE
    RECTIFIE
    R
    For the negative region of the input the conducting diodes are
    D1 and D4
    The important result is that the polarity across the load
    resistor R is the same as establishing a second positive pulse
    BRIDGE Over one full cycle the input and output voltages will appear

    RECTIFIE
    R
    PIV OF BRIDGE
    RECTIFIER
    The required PIV of each diode (ideal)
    can be determined from following
    figure obtained at the peak of the
    positive region of the input signal.
    For the indicated loop, the maximum
    voltage across R is Vm and the PIV
    rating is defined by
    Determine the peak output voltage for the bridge
    rectifier shown. Assume practical model, what PIV
    rating is required for the diodes. The transformer is
    specified to have 12V rms secondary voltage for the
    EXAMPL standard 120V across primary
    E
    The peak output voltage (considering the two diode drops) is
    V17V

    V17V-1.4V=15.6V

    The PIV rating for each diode is

    𝑃𝐼𝑉 =𝑉𝑝 ( 𝑜𝑢𝑡 ) +0.7 𝑉 =15.6+ 0.7 𝑉 =16.3 𝑉


    EFFICIENCY OF
    RECTIFIER
    EFFICIENCY OF HALF-WAVE
    RECTIFIER
    EFFICIENCY OF FULL-WAVE
    RECTIFIER
    COMPARISON
    RIPPLE FACTOR
    RIPPLE FACTOR
    RIPPLE FACTOR
    • Electronic Devices:
    Chapte
    r-2:
    Conventional Current,
    Diode
    Applic
    By Floyd, 7th Ed RELATED
    ations
    READING
    • Electronic Devices and S AND
    Chapte
    r-2:
    Circuit Theory, by REFEREN
    Diode
    Applic
    Robert Boleysted, 7th Ed CES
    ations

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