“I do the very best I

know how – the very

best I can; and I mean
to keep on doing so
until the end.”
-Abraham Lincoln
 Mathematics…
Plane and Solid Geometry

John Ryan D. Regalario

A Polygon is a closed plane
figure bounded by straight
line segments as sides.
A Convex Polygon is a polygon in
which no interior angle is greater than
180 degrees.

A Concave Polygon is one having

at least one interior angle greater than
180 degrees.
Q-1 What type of polygon has all
of its interior angles less than 180
degrees?

A. concave C. irregular
B. convex D. regular
Q-2 Given a polygon, the sum of
its exterior angles is:

A.0 degrees
B. 180 degrees
C. 360 degrees
D. 90 degrees
Q-3 Polygons are named according
to their number of

A. diagonals C. edges
B. exterior angles D. faces
Q-4 How many sides are there in a
regular triacontagon?

A. 20 C. 12
B. 30 D. 1000
Properties of regular polygon:

R
r
Q-5 The sum of the exterior angles
of a polygon is the sum of its
interior angles. How many sides
does the polygon have?

A. 3 B. 5
C. 4 D. 6
Q-6 How many sides has a polygon
if twice the sum of its interior
angles equals thrice the sum of its
exterior angles?

A. 3 C. 5
B. 4 D. 6
Q-7 How many diagonals are there
in a dodecagon?

A. 27 C. 12
B. 20 D. 54

Diagonals = n (n - 3 ) / 2
Q-8 Compute for the number of
diagonals of an icosagon.

A. 20 C. 85
B. 170 D. 200
Area and Perimeter of Regular Polygons:

R
r
Given length and number of sides:

nx  180 
2
A  cot 
4  n 

X
 Given apothem and perimeter:
1 1
A  pr p  semi  perimeter
2 2
r = radius of inscribed circle (apothem)
p = perimeter
Given apothem and number of sides:

 180 
A  nr  tan
2

 n 
 180 
P  2nr  tan  r
 n 
Given R:

nR  360   180 
2
A  sin  P  2nR  sin 
2  n   n 

R R
Q-9 A regular hexagon is
inscribed in a circle whose radius
is 10. Find the area of the
hexagon.
A. 307.12 sq. units
B. 105.18 sq. units
C. 259.81 sq. units
D. 315.72 sq. units
Q-10Find the area of a regular
octagon whose sides measure 5 cm.

A. 105.61 cm2
B. 148.83 cm2
C. 135.67 cm2
D. 120.71 cm2
Q-11 The apothem of a regular
undecagon is 8. Determine its area.

A. 206.71 C. 261.07
B. 170.62 D. 127.60
Q-12 Find the area of a pentagram
inscribed in a circle of radius 6 cm.

A. 27.823 sq. cm
B.40.428 sq. cm

6
C.35.173 sq. cm
D.54.176 sq. cm
 Quadrilaterals:
Parallelogram:
Given Base and Altitude:

A = bh h

b
Given diagonals:
1 d1
A  d1d 2 sin  θ
d2
2
Given adjacent sides and included angle:

a
A = ab sinθ  b
Trapezoid:
a

ab
A  h 
 2 
Q-13 Find the area of a trapezoid
whose median is 54 cm and whose
altitude is 8.

A. 192 C. 342
B. 432 D. 243
Rhombus:

Given base and altitude:

h
A = hs
s
Given diagonals:

1
A  d1d 2
2
Given adjacent sides and included angle:

A  s sin 
2
s

θ s
Q-14Find the area of a circle inscribed
in a rhombus whose perimeter is 56 1/3
in and whose longer diagonal is 26 in.

A.43.78 sq. in
B. 25 sq. in 14.08 

C. 78.54 sq. in
14.08 26 14.0
D. 452.39 sq. in 14.08
Q-15 The length of the side of a
rhombus is 10 cm. If its shorter
diagonal is of length 12 cm. What
is the area of the rhombus?

A.54 sq. cm
B. 48 sq. cm
C. 27 sq. cm 10 12

D. 96 sq. cm  10
Q-16 A rhombus is formed by two
radii and two chords of a circle of
radius 6 m. What is the area of the
rhombus?

A. 15.5 sq. m C. 31.2 sq. m

B. 52.3 sq. m D. 47.8 sq. m
6
60
6
General quadrilateral:
A  s  a  s  b  s  c  s  d   abcd cos 
2

C
abcd
s
b
B
2 c
a
AC B D
 or A
2 2 d D
Cyclic Quadrilateral:
Ptolemy’s Theorem: a
d1
d1d2 = ac +bd d b
d2
c
Bramaguptha’s formula:

A s  a s  b s  cs  d 

Quadrilateral Circumscribing a Circle:

A quad  abcd b c

A quad  ris
a ri d
Q-17 Find the fourth side of a
quadrilateral inscribed in a circle
having one of its sides equal to 13 m.
as its diameter, and the other two
sides adjacent to the diameter are 5 m.
and 8 m., respectively.

A. 4.271 m C. 5.781 m
B. 3.812 m D. 6.382 m
a 5 d?
d2
d1
c8
b  13
Q-17 Find the fourth side of a
quadrilateral inscribed in a circle
having one of its sides equal to 13 m.
as its diameter, and the other two
sides adjacent to the diameter are 5 m.
and 8 m., respectively.

A. 4.271 m C. 5.781 m
B. 3.812 m D. 6.382 m
Q-18 The sides of a cyclic quadrilateral
are a = 3 cm, b=3 cm, c=4 cm and d=4
cm. Find the radius of the circle that
can be inscribed in it.

A. 1.71 cm C. 3.13 cm
B. 2.71 cm D. 4.71 cm
Q-19 A circle having a radius of 6.5
cm. is circumscribing a triangle having
an area of 30 sq. cm. If one side of the
triangle is 13 cm., find the shortest side
of the triangle.

A. 12 cm C. 5 cm
B. 10 cm 13 cm
D. 8 cm

x
Q-20 An engineer places his transit
along the line tangent to the circle at
point A such that PA=200 m. He
locates another point B on the circle
and finds PB=80 m. If a third
portion C, on the circle lies along PB,
how far from point B will it be?

A. 500 m C. 480 m
B. 400 m D. 420 m
Q-21 The perimeter of a sector is 9 units
and its radius is 3 units. What is the area
of the sector?

A. 5 C. 4.5
B. 6.5 D. 7
Solid Geometry
Q-22 A cylinder is circumscribed
about a right prism having a square
base one meter on an edge. The
volume of the cylinder is 6.283 cu. m.
Compute its altitude.

A. 3 C. 5
B. 4 D. 6
1
1
Q-23 The volume of a truncated
prism with an equilateral triangle as
its horizontal base is equal to 1800
cu. cm. The vertical edges at each
corners are 3, 4, and 5 cm.,
respectively. Find one side of the
base.

A. 10.39 cm C. 32.23 cm
4 5
B. 15.87 cm 3 D.
x
27.17 cm
x
x
Q-24 A cone is inscribed in a
hemisphere of radius r. If the cone
and the hemisphere share bases, find
the volume of the region inside the
hemisphere but outside the cone.

 r 2h
A. 4 r 3 C.
3
3

2 r 3  r3
B. 3 D.
3
Q-25 A wedge is cut from a cylinder of
radius 3 m by two planes, one perpendicular
to the axis of the cylinder and the other
passing through the diameter of the section
made by the first plane and inclined to this
plane at an angle of 45ْ . Find the volume
of the wedge?

A. 16 m3 C.20 m3
B. 18 m3 D. 22 m3
 h
V   A1  4A m  A 2 
6
Q-25 A wedge is cut from a cylinder of
radius 3 m by two planes, one perpendicular
to the axis of the cylinder and the other
passing through the diameter of the section
made by the first plane and inclined to this
plane at an angle of 45ْ . Find the volume
of the wedge?

A. 16 m3 C.20 m3
B. 18 m32 3 D. 22 m3
V  r tan 
3
Q-26 If the edge of the cube is
decreased by 12%, by what percent
is the surface area decreases?

A. 23% C. 73%
B. 77% D. 27%
Q-27 A spherical wooden ball 15 cm. in
diameter sinks to a depth of 12 cm. in a
certain liquid. Find the area exposed
above the liquid.

A. 50 pi C. 45 pi
B. 25 pi D. 15 pi

12cm
Q-28 What is the area of a lune
whose angle is 85O on a sphere of
radius 30 cm.

A. 1,832.25 cm2
B. 2,670.35 cm2
C. 1,782.45 cm2
D. 2,812.55 cm2
Q-29 Find the area of a spherical
triangle ABC, A=115°,
B=70°,C=92° in a sphere of radius
12 cm.

A. 143.44 cm2 C. 343.65 cm2

B. 243.78 cm2 D. 117.86 cm2
Q-30 Find the surface area of regular
icosahedrons when each edge is of
length 5.

A. 216.5 C.126.6
B. 261.5 D.162.5
Additional Problem
the slant height of a right circular
cone is 5m long. The base diameter is
6m. What is the lateral area in m2?

A. 37.7 C. 44
B. 47 D. 40.8

LAcone   C
Additional Problem
The base areas of a frustum of a
cone are 25cm2 and 16cm2, respectively.
If its altitude is 6cm, find its
volume.
Vfrustum 
 
h A  a  Aa
3
A. 120cm3 C. 129cm3
B. 122cm3 D. 133cm3
Additional Problem
The volume of a sphere is 904.78m3.
Find the volume of the spherical
segment of height 4m. 2
h  3R  h
Vsegment(one) 
3

A. 234.57cm3 C. 145.69cm3
B. 256.58cm3 D. 124.58cm3
Additional Problem
A water tank is in the form of a
spherical segment 
hwhose
3a  3b
2
baseradii
2
h 2

are V4m and 3mand whose altitude is
segment(two)
6
6m. The capacity of the tank is

A. 100pi m3 C. 110pi m3
B. 101pi m3 D. 111pi m3
Polyhedrons
 Polyhedrons

 Polyhedrons are solid whose faces are plane

polygons

 Regular Polyhedrons – are polyhedrons

whose faces are regular polygons
 Tetrahedron (4 equal faces)

1. Number of faces = 4
2. No. of vertices = 4
3. No. of edges = 6
4. Total Area = 3a2
5. Volume = (2/12)a3
6. Radius of inscribed sphere:
r = (6/12)a
 Hexahedron ( 6 equal faces)

1. Number of faces = 6
2. No. of vertices =8
3. No. of edges = 12
4. Total Area = 6a2
5. Volume = a3
6. Radius of inscribed sphere:
r = a/2
 Octahedron ( 8 equal faces)

1. Number of faces = 8
2. No. of vertices =6
3. No. of edges = 12
4. Total Area = (23)a2
5. Volume = (2)/3 a3
6. Radius of inscribed sphere:
r = a/6
 Dodecahedron ( 12 equal faces)

1. Number of faces = 12
2. No. of vertices =20
3. No. of edges = 30
4. Total Area = 20.65 a2
5. Volume = 7.66 a3
6. Radius of inscribed sphere:
r = 1.11a
 Icosahedron ( 20 equal faces)

1. Number of faces = 20
2. No. of vertices =12
3. No. of edges = 30
4. Total Area = 8.66 a2
5. Volume = 2.18 a3
6. Radius of inscribed sphere:
r = 0.76a
 Review

Questions
1. The terms of a sum may be grouped in any
manner without affecting the result. This is
known as:
A. Commutative Law
B. Distributive Law
C. Associative Law
D. Reflexive
2. In how many ways can 9 books be
arranged on a shelf so that 5 of the
books are always together?
A.15, 120
B.14, 400
C.126
D.3024
 3. Find the harmonic mean
between 3/8 and 75/4.

A. 25/34 C. 34/25
B. 24/35 D. 35/24
 4. [ECE Licensure Apr 2004]
What time after 2 o’clock will
the hands of the clock extend in
opposite directions for the first
time?

A. 2:43.64 C. 2:34.64
B. 2:43.46 D. 2:34.46
5. How many terms of the progression 3,
5, 7, … should there be so that their
sum will be 2600. [ECE Licensure April
2005]
A. 60
B. 50
C. 52
D. 55
6. How many liters of water must be added to
35 liters of 89% hydrochloric acid solution
to reduce its strength to 75%?

A. 6.53
B. 5.34
C. 4.83
D. 7.33
7. Equations relating x and y that cannot
readily be solved explicitly for y as a
function of x or vice versa, such a function
is called

A. Logarithmic function
B. Implicit function
C. Continuous function
D. Explicit function
8. The sum of the coefficients in the expansion of
( x + y – z )^8 is

A. 1
B. 2
C. 5
D. 0
9. Three circles of radii 3, 4, and 5 inches,
respectively are tangent to each other
externally. Find the largest angle of a
triangle formed by joining the centers.

A. 72.6 degrees
B. 75.1 degrees
C. 73.4 degrees
D. 72.3 degrees
 10. Find the sum and product of roots of
the equation.
x  2x  23x  60  0
3 2

A. -2, 60
B. 2, 17
C. 17, -60
D. 2, 60
Answers:
1. C* 6. A*
2. B* 7. B*
3. A* 8. A*
Thank You...
4. A* 9. C* End
5. B* 10. A*
John Ryan D. Regalario, ECE
Thank You...

END

John Ryan D. Regalario, ECE