JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATHEMATICS

MATH 0005

pg. 1

prepared by: ENGR. CHRISTIAN M. PANGANIBAN

TRIGONOMETRY AND SOLID MENSURATION

1. Find the area of the triangle below:

a. 46 m 2
PP

b. 64 m 2

PP

PP

c. 80 m 2

PP

PP

d. 96 m 2

PP

PP

PP

Answer: B. 64 m 2
Formulas: Radius of the Circumscribed Circle about a Triangle
PP

PP

abc
4A

where : r radius of circle ; A area of the triangle ; a, b, c sides of the triangle

But the given triangle is an isosceles triangle (with two equal sides and two equal angles)
C
a
B

45

b
c

45

And also, the given triangle is a right triangle (with one angle equal to 90)
Thus, Area of a Right Triangle,

1
1 2 Note : 1If the2 given triangle is not a right triangle
Area

ab

b tan A butaantan
B
Using the two formulas,
OBLIQUE TRIANGLE given the
2
2
2 of 3 sides
lenghts
abc
b2c
b2c
but a b (isosceles) r
or Area use :
HERO' S FORMULA :
4A
4A
4r
A S(S-a)(S-b)(S-c)
b2c
b2c
but r 8 m thus, Area
; Area
Equation 1 where,
4(8)
32
abc
1
1
1
S
but Area b 2 tan A b 2 tan 45; Area b 2 Equation 2
2
2
2
2
S = semi-perimeter
equating Equation 1 and Equation 2,
r

b2c
1
32
b2 ; c
16 m
32
2
2

a, b, c = three sides of triangle

But: If 2 sides and their included angle are given,

b
; b 16sin45
use:
16
1
1
1
(16sin45) 2 (16)
Area bc sin A ac sin B ab sin C
Thus, Area
64 m 2
2
2
2
4(8)

Consider the right triangle, sin45

or A

1
(16 sin 45) 2 tan 45 64 m 2
2

where:
a, b, c = three sides of triangle
A, B, C = three interior angles

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

2. Find the radius of a circle inscribed in a triangle with sides of 5 cm, 7 cm and 10 cm.
a. 1.477 cm
b. 2.477 cm
c. 3.477 cm
Answer: A. 1.477 cm
Formulas: Radius of the Inscribed Circle in a Triangle

A
S

pg. 2

d. 4.447 cm

A area of a triangle ; S semi - perimeter

10

Since 3 sides of triangle are given, Heros Formula can be used.

Thus,

S(S a)(S b)(S c )

radius r can also be solved directly by,
abc
5 7 10
where : S

11
(S a)(S b)(S c)
2
2
r
S
thus, A 11(11 5)(11 7)(11 10) 264
(11 5)(11 7)(11 10)
A
264
1.477 cm
therefore : r

1.477 cm r
11
S
11
3. The area of a triangle whose sides are 25 cm, 39 cm and 40 cm is:
a. 468 cm 2
b. 648 cm 2
c. 846 cm 2
PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

d. 498 cm 2

PP

PP

PP

Answer: A. 468 cm 2
Use Heros Formula:
PP

S(S a)(S b)(S c)

abc
25 39 40
where:S

52
2
2
2
A of
52a( 52
25
)(52 if 39
)(52
) two
468
4. Solve for the length of thethus,
hypotenuse
right
triangle
lengths
of40
the
legscm
are 7 m and 16 m, respectively.
a. 10.363 m
b. 12.567 m
c. 15.648 m
d. 17.464 m
PP

Answer: D. 17.464 m
c 2 a 2 b 2 where : c hypotenuse ; a and b two legs
Use Pythagorean Theorem (for Right Triangles only)
Thus,
c

a2 b2

7 2 16 2 17.464 cm

5. An oblique triangle has sides a = 6 cm, b = 9 cm and angle C = 32. Solve the other angles of the triangle.
a. 39648 ; 1085154
b. 39648 ; 985154
c. 40 ; 80
d. 50 ; 102
B

Answer: A. 39648 ; 1085154

Formulas: For Oblique Triangles

COSINE LAW :
SINE LAW :
a 2 b 2 c 2 2bc cos A
a
b
c b 2 a 2 c 2 2ac cos B

sin A
sin B
sin C c 2 a 2 b 2 2ab cos C

6
sinA

2ab cos C

a
b

2( 6)( 9) cos 32

Thus,

5. 04
sin 32

39 6' 48"

9
5. 04

;
B 71. 135
or 180 - 71.135 108.86
sinB
sin 32
or use COSINE LAW to directly get the value of 108.865

Note: Sum of the interior angles of any triangle is equal to 180.

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 3

6. Given a triangle with angle C = 28.7, side a = 132 units and b = 224 units. Solve for the angle B.
a. 140.94
b. 130.94
c. 120.94
d. 80.94
B
Answer: C. 120.94
c
a
c

a 2 b 2 2ab cos C

132 2 224 2 2(132)(224) cos 28.7 125.42 units

b 2 a 2 c 2 2ac cos B ; 224 2 132 2 125.42 2 2(132)(125.42) cos B ; B 120.94

A

b
C
7. The perimeter of a small rectangular industrial lot is 140 m and its diagonal is 50 m. Find the area of the lot in
square meters.
a. 1250
b. 1200
c. 1300
d. 1500
Answer: B. 1200
Formulas:Perimeter of a Rectangle,

Perimeter 2L 2W

50 m

Area of a Rectangle,
L

Area LW

50 2 ( 70 W ) 2 W 2
Therefore,
2500 4900 140W W 2 W 2
140 2L 2W Equation 1 2W 2 140W 2400 0 dividing both sides by 2
Consider the triangle formed :
W 2 70W 1200 0
Using the Pythagorean Theorem,
( w 40)( W 30) 0
50 2 L2 W 2 EquationW2 40 m or W 30 m
From Equation 1,
Thus, L 70 - 30 40 m or L 70 - 40 30 m
2L 140 - 2W dividing both sides
by 2 Area 40m(30m) 1200 m 2
Therefore,
L 70 - W substitute to Equation 2
or Area 30m(40m) 1200 m 2
8. If a right circular cone has a base radius of 35 cm and an altitude of 45 cm, solve for the total surface area in cm 2
PP

and volume in cm 3 , of the cone.

a. 9,857.67 ; 45,034.44
b. 10,116.89 ; 57,726.77
PP

PP

PP

Answer: B. 10,116.89 ; 57,726.77

Formulas:Lateral Surface Area of a Cone, A LS
BB

A LS r

c. 6,268.44 ; 57726.77

d. none of these

BB

r 2 h2

Area of the base of a Cone (Area of Circle), A B

Volume of a Cone, V

45 cm

BB

2
A B 1 d 2 r 1
V 4 r 2 h
d2h
3
12

Thus,

35 cm
70 cm

Total Surface Area Area of the base Lateral Surface Area

Total Surface Area r 2 r r 2 h 2 (35) 2 (35) 35 2 45 2 10,116.89 cm 2
Volume

1 2
1
r h (35) 2 (45) 57,726.77 cm 3
3
3

9. If one of the edges of a cube measures 12 cm. Calculate the surface area in cm 2 , and the volume in cm 3 .
PP

PP

PP

PP

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

a. 846 ; 1782

MATH 0005

b. 648 ; 1728

c. 864 ; 1728

Answer: C. 864 ; 1728

Formulas: Surface Area of a Cube, A S
Volume of a Cube,
V
A S 6a 2
V a3

pg. 4

d. 486 ; 1278

BB

BB

a 12 cm

2
Thus, Surface Area = 6(12acm)
= 864 cm 2a 12 cm
12 cm
Volume = (12 cm) 3 = 1728 cm 3
PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

10. A pyramid with a square base has an altitude of 25 cm. If the edge of the base is 15 cm. Calculate the volume in
cm 3 of the pyramid.
a. 1875
b. 1785
c. 1578
d. 1585
PP

PP

Answer: A. 1875
Formula: Volume of a Pyramid, V
h 25 cm
1
( Area of the base)(height)
3
15 cm
15 cm
1
V A Bh
3
Thus, Volume 1 (15 cm x 15 cm)( 25 cm) 1875 cm3
3

11. If the volume of the sphere is 345 cubic cm, solve for its diameter, in cm.
a. 7.8
b. 4.7
c. 8.7
Answer: C. 8.7
Formula: Volume of a Sphere, V

V r 3 d 3
3
6
Therefore,

d. 6.8

d ; 345 d3
6
6
345( 6)
d3
8.7 cm

12. If the LPG spherical tank of Shell Company has an inside diameter of 15 meters and it could be safely filled to 75%
of its total volume, compute for the volume, in cubic meters, of LPG that could be safely store in tank.
a. 1767.15
b. 1325.36
c. 1425.89
d. 1424.45

d (15m) 3 1767.15 m3
6
6
Safe Volume 75% of total volume 0.75(1767.15 m 3 ) 1325.36 m3

Answer: B. 1325.36

Total Volume

13. The semicircle shown below has a radius of 15 cm. Find the area of the shaded part.
2x
2x
a. 173.33 cm

2
PP

b. 371.33 cm 2

PP

PP

PP

c. 271.77 cm 2
PP

PP

Answer: A. 173.33 cm 2
PP

PP

Based on the figure,

Area of the shaded part = Area of Semicircle Area of the Square

d. 71.33 cm 2
PP

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 5

Note: Area of Semicircle= 1/2 of the Area of a Circle

Area semicircle

For the Area of the Square,

Consider the figure:

r 2
(15cm) 2

353.43 cm 2
2
2
2x

2x

2x

x
x
2x
tan
x
tan 1 2 63.42
Based on the firgure shown, the hypotenuse of the triangle is equal to the radius of the semicircle
2x
Thus, sin63.43
15cm
2x 13.42cm sides of the square
Thus,
Area of the square (2x) 2 (13.42 cm) 2 180.1 cm 2
Therefore, Area of the Shaded Part 353.43 cm 2 - 180.1 cm 2 173.33 cm 2

14. Find the measure of each interior angle of a regular hexagon.

a. 145
b. 136
c. 120

d. 200

Answer: C. 120
Formula: Interior Angle of Any Regular Polygon,

Note : For EXTERIOR A NGLE,

where:
(n 2)(180
) n = number of sides

360
n
where: exterior angle
n number of sides

use:

Thus,
For hexagon, n = 6

(6 2)(180)
120
6

15. How many sides have an equiangular polygon if each interior angle is 165?
a. 23
b. 24
c. 12
Answer: B. 24

d. 14

(n 2)(180)
n
(n 2)(180)
165
n
165n 180n 360
15n 360
n 24 sides

16. Find the sum of the interior angles, in degrees, of a regular decagon.
a. 1200
b. 1450
c. 1440
Answer: C. 1440
Formulas: Sum of the interior angles any regular polygon, S
S n

where: = interior angle

n = number of sides
17. Find the number of diagonals in a nonagon.

d. 1800

For Decagon, n 10
Thus,
(n 2)(180) (10 2)(180)

144
n
10
S n 144(10) 1440

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

a. 28

MATH 0005

b. 25

c. 29

pg. 6

d. 27

Answer: D. 27
Formula: Number of Diagonals of Any Polygon, d

n(n 3where:
)
n = no. of sides
2

For Nonagon, n = 9
Thus,

n(n 3) 9(9 3)

27 diagonals
2
2

18. If the number of diagonals in a polygon is 9, what polygon is this?

a. hexagon
b. pentagon
c. nonagon

d. heptagon

n(n 3)
2
n(n 3)
9
2
18 n 2 3n
n 2 3n 18 0
(n 6)(n 3) 0
n6 0 n3 0
n6
n 3
Thus, n 6 (positive value)
Therefore,
theoctagon
polygon
is a hexagon
19. Find the length of the sides
of a regular
inscribed
in a circle with radius 4 in.
Answer: A. hexagon

a. 3.06 in

b. 2.34 in

c. 2.05 in

d. 1.23 in

Answer: A. 3.06 in

For octagon, n 8
Thus,
(n 2)(180) (8 2)(180)

135
n
8
360 360

45
n
8
Consider the triangle,
x

4 in

135

67.5
2
2
45

22.5
2
2

Thus,

PP

PP

x
4 in

x 1.53 in
But the length of the sides 2x 2(1.53 in) 3.06 in

20. Find the area of a pentagon having a perimeter of 50 inches.

a. 271 in 2
b. 172 in 2
PP

r 4 in

sin 22.5

PP

c. 169 in 2
PP

d. 145 in 2

PP

PP

Answer: B. 172 in 2
Formula:
Perimeter of a Regular Polygon,
PP

PP

P nL S where: P = perimeter ; n = no. of sides and L S = length of sides

BB

For Pentagon, n = 5
Thus,

LS

P 50 in

10 in
n
5

BB

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 7

For Area of Any Regular Polygon,

L s = length of sides ; a = apothem and n = no. of sides

L S a where:
n
2

Area
or

Area

BB

BB

5 in

n(L S ) 2
180
4 tan

5 in

(n 2)(180) (5 2)(180) 10 in

108
2
n
5
108

54
2
2
360 360

72
n
5
72

36
2
2
Thus,

apothem a 5 tan 5 tan 54 6.88 in
2
1

A L S a n (10)(6.88) 5 172 in2

2

2
n(L S )
5(10) 2
or A

172 in2
180

180

circle of 1 in radius.
21. Find area of a regular4hexagon
inscribed
in a
tan
4 tan

2
a. 5.298 in 2
b.
3.598
in
c. 2.598 in 2
n
5

2
PP

PP

Answer: C. 2.598 in

PP

PP

PP

PP

a apothem

d. 1.586 in 2

PP

PP

PP

For hexagon, n 6

square.
What is the circumference of
22. A square hasThus,
a perimeter of 64 in. If the area
2 of a circle is equal to that of the
the circle?
2
2
a
(n - 2)(180) (6 - 2)(180)

a. 56.72 in
b.65.27
c. 72.56 in
in r 1 in 120
r d.67.25
1 in in
apothem a
n

2 6
in120
Answer: A. 56.72
2 2

60
Formulas:
Perimeter
of a Square, P
2
2
360 360
4a where: a = sides of thesquare

P
60
n of a Square,
6
Area
AS
60

30A a 2
S
2
2
Area the
of atriangle,
Circle, A C
Circumference of a Circle, C
Consider
a
LS
2
2
sin 60
C 2r d
1in A C r 4 d
a 0.Thus
866 in
,
P 4xa ; 64 4a ; a 16 in
sin30
1 ina 2 16 2 256 in 2
AS
x 0.but
5 in A A given condition
S
C
But L S 2 x 2(0.5 in)
1in
Thus, 256 r 2 ; r 9.027 in
Therefore :
Therefore : C 2r 2(9.027) 56.72 in
1
2 1

23. A circle has an

in , find
in inches.
A area
ofL 100
1)(circumference,
0.866) 6 2.598
in2
sa n
2 (its
2

a. 44.35
b. 35.44
c. 54.34
d. 43.45
BB

BB

PP

PP

BB

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 8

A r 2
100 r 2
r 5.64 in
C 2r 2(5.64) 35.44 in

Answer: B. 35.44

24. A trapezoid has a bottom base of 10 in and top base of 6 inches. If the height of the trapezoid is 5 in, find its area in
in 2 .
a. 45
b. 30
c. 40
d. 50
PP

PP

Answer: C. 40
Formula: Area of a Trapezoid, A

( a b)
h
2

Thus,
(6 10)
A
(5) 40 in 2
2

25. The diameter of a sphere is equal to the bases diameter of a right circular cone. What percentage of that diameter
must the cones height be so that the volume of both solids is equal.
a. 150%
b. 180%
c. 200%
d. 120%
Answer: C. 200%

26.

Condition : Volume of Sphere Volume of Cone

Vsphere d 3 ; Vcone d 2 h
h
6
12
3 2
Thus,
d d h
6
12
d
d
h
d
2
A horizontal right cylindrical tank a diameter
h 2d of 2 meters and is 5 meters long. If the tank is filled with fuel oil to a
depth of 1.5 meters. Find the volume of the oil in the tank, in liters.
Therefore :
h 200% of d
a. 12640
b. 21460
c. 12460
d. 12046
Answer: A. 12640

5m
0.5 m
0.5 m
2m

2m

1.5 m

1m

1.5 m

Formulas: Area of a Sector, A S

BB

AS

1
1
Sr r 2
2
2

Length of Arc, S

r
r

x
0.5 m

1m

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 9

S r

where: r = radius and = angle in radians

Area of Circular Segment, A CS
BB

A CS Area of Sector - Area of Triangle

Soltuion :
Volume FUEL area FUEL x length TANK
but area FUEL area of circle - area of circular segment

area of circle d 2 (2m) 2 m 2

4
4
Consider the half of the triangle,
0.5 m
x 2 0.5 2 12

1m

x 12 0.5 2 0.75
thus, base 2( 0.75 )

0.5

cos
2
1
2

cos 1 (0.5)
base
2

x
x
60 , thus 2(60) 120
2
1
1
Area of a triangle base x height (2 0.75 )(0.5) 0.433 m 2
2
2
0.5 m
1 2
1 2

2
height
Area of a sector r (1) 120x
1.047 m
2
2
180

Thus,
Area of a circular segment 1.047m 2 0.433 m 2 0.614 m 2
A rea FUEL m 2 0.614 m 2 2.528 m 2
27. A rat fell on a bucket of a water wheel with a diameter of 600 cm, which traveled an angle of 190 before it dropped
1000 liters
fromTherefore
the bucket.: Calculate
the linear
distance
in m)
centimeter,
carried
the rat.
volume FUEL
2.528
m 2 (5
12.64that
m 3 xthe bucket
12640
liters
a. 995 cm
b. 868 cm
c. 4781cm
d. 350 cm
m3
Answer: A. 995 cm
rat

Re quired : Linear Distance that the bucket carried the rat, S

Solution :
600cm
cm
diameter of the wheel 600 cm thus, radius d300
Therefore : S r
radians

S 300 cm 190x
994.84 cm 995 cm
180

190

S?

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 10

28.
A horizontal cylindrical tank with hemispherical ends is to be filled with water to a height of 762 mm. If the inside diameter
of the cylinder is 1016 mm and the length is 3600 mm, find the volume of the water required, in cubic meters.
a. 3.567
b. 1.456
c. 2.811
d. 3.267
Answer: C. 2.811

Soltuion :
Volume WATER V IN CYLINDER VIN SPHERE0.762 m
Consider the half of the triangle,
x 2 0.254 2 0.508 2
2

L 3.60 m

x 0.508 0.254 0.4399 m

x
0.4399

sin

0.508
0.508
2

0.4399
sin 1

1.016 m
2
0.508
0.762 m

60 , thus 2(60) 120

2
1
Area of a triangle(whole) base x height
2
` 1
(0.4399x2)(0.254) 0.1117 m 2
2
x
1 2
1

2
2
Area of a sector r (0.508) 120x
0.27 m
2
2
180

Thus,
r 0.254 m
Area of a circular segment A sec tor A triangle
0.27 m 2 0.1117 m 2 0.1583
m2

Area circle

d 1.016 m

water

2
d (1.016) 2 0.8107 m 2
4
4
A rea water Area circle Area circular segment

0.254 m

0.254 m

0.254 m

0.508 m

0.508 m

base
x

0.5 m
r 0.508 m

Consider now the two hemispheri2cal ends,

0.8107m 0.1583 m 2 0.6524 m 2
Combine the two hemispherical ends to form a SPHERE

Therefore : volume of water in the cylinder,

But:
Volume of
V SS 0.6524( 3.6) 2.34864 m 3
VIN CYLINDER
Spherical
Area water Segment,
x Length cylinder
BB

VSS
Thus,

h2
(3r h)
3

( 0.762) 2
h 2
( 3r h)
( 3 x 0.508 0.762)
3
3
Vss 0.463 m 3 volume of water in the sphere
VSS

thus, VIN SPHERE 0.463 m 3

h 0.762 m

r 0.508 m

Therefore :
Volume of water required V IN CYLINDER VIN SPHERE
2.3864 m 3 0.463 m 3

3
(n m2)(180
2.8494
) 2.811 m 3

29. The interior angle of a regular polygon measures

n 144. The polygon has _____ sides.
a. 12
b. 10
c. 8
(n 2)(180)

144

n
144n 180n 360
360 36n
n 10 sides

d. 6

height

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 11

Answer: B. 10

30. Find the radius of circle circumscribed about the triangle for which A = 50, B = 20 and a = 35 inches.
a. 22.84 in
b. 25.64 in
c. 31.25 in
d. 36.55 in
C

Answer: A. 22.84 in

a 35 in

r
50

Shortcut Solution:

a
b
c

sin A
sin B sin C

Thus,

20
c

diameter

a
35

45.69 in
sin A
sin 50
45.69 in
Therefore : radius
22.84 in
2
diameter

31. If an equilateral triangle is circumscribed about a circle of radius 10-cm, determine the length of the side of the
triangle.
a. 34.64 cm
b. 64.12 cm
c. 36.44 cm
d. 32.10 cm
Answer: A. 34.64 cm
60

10
x
x 17.32 cm
Length of side 2 x 2(17.32) 34.64 cm
tan 30

Note: An Equilateral Triangle is a triangle whose length

30
60 r 10 cm
of sides are equal. It is also an equiangular triangle
60
whose interior angles are equal (60).
30
x
32. A circular piece of cardboard with 1-meter diameter will be made into a piece of conical hat, 40 cm high by cutting a
sector off and joining the edges to form a cone. Determine the angle, in degrees subtended by the sector removed
from the piece of cardboard.
a. 120
b. 160
c. 124
d. 144
Answer: D. 144

Let C C circumference of the cone' s base

Required:
angle
inof
degrees
S
length
arc removed from the circular cardboard

C B circumference of the circular cardboard

Thus,
CC CB S
but C C 2 r ; C B 2R ; S R
thus,
2 r 2R R Equation1
solving for, r
Consider the right t riangle in the cone,
r 2 40 2 50 2

R
S

R
R 50 cm
D 1 m 100 cm

r 50 2 40 2 30 cm
substitute r 30 cm and R 50 cm to equation 1
R 50 cm
2(30) 2( 50) (50)
50 40
4
180
x
144
5
rad

h 40 cm

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 12

33. A cubical container that measures 2 on the side is tightly packed with 8 marbles and is filled with water. All 8
marbles are in contact with the walls of the container and the adjacent marbles. If all the marbles are of the same
size, what is the volume in cubic inches of the water in the container?
a. 2.2
b. 2.8
c. 3.2
d. 3.8
2 inches

Answer: D. 3.8

Solve first for the diameter of the marbles,

2 inches
d
1 inch
2

inches
3
thus, the volume of one marble is V d 3 (12in)
0.52 in 3
6
6
but there are 8 marbles
thus, total volume of marbles 0.52 in 3 ( 8) 4.16 in 3
Therefore,
TOP VIEW
SIDE VIEW
Volume of water volume of the cube - total volume of marbles
but, volume of cube (2in) 3 8 in 3
3 diameter
34. Volume
A steel of
ball
is immersed
an 8incm
water
8 in 3 in
- 4.16
3.8 in 3 cylinder and it displaces water to a depth of 2.25 cm. What is the
radius of the steel ball?
a. 2 cm

Answer: B. 3 cm

b. 3 cm

c. 4 cm

d. 6 cm

Volume of the water displaced volume of the steel ball(spherical ball)

final level
2
4
h 2.25 cm
Thus,
d h r 3
inital level
4
3
where : d diameter of the cylinder ; h height or depth of the water displaced

r radius of the steel ball

4
Therefore :
( 8 cm) 2 ( 2.25 cm) r 3
d 8 cm
4
3
3cm.
cm Find
radius
of theofsteel
ball
35. A lead pipe 6 m long is 0.95 cm thick and has an inner diameter ofr 7.5
the volume
lead in
cubic cm.
a. 7140.4
b. 12,250.3
c. 26,507.2
d. 15,131.5
Answer: D. 15,131.5
0.95 cm
Let : D outer diameter
d inner diameter
7.50 cm
L length of lead pipe
V volume of lead (volume of the metal)
0.95 cm
3
Volume of Lead in cm ,

V (D 2 d 2 )L ( 9.4 2 7.5 2 )( 600) 15,131.5 cm3

4
4

9.40 cm
6 m 600 cm

36. What is the radius of a circle, if a central angle of 110 subtends a chord of length 84 inches?
a. 34.4
b. 48.4
c. 51.27
d. 68.8
r
35
Answer: C. 51.1
42 in
55
r
110 84 in
r

55
r

35

42 in

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 13

Considering the right triangle,

42
sin 55
r
r 51.27 in radius of a circle

37. A circle is divided into two parts by a chord 3 cm away from the center. Find the area of the smaller part if the circle
has an area of 201 cm 2 .
a. 53.7 cm 2
b. 57.3 cm 2
c. 63.7 cm 2
d. 67.3 cm 2
PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

Answer: A. 53.7 cm 2
Using the shortcut
formula
A
r 2 for Area of a Circular Segment,
PP

circle

PP

201
r common
38. Find the length
of
the
chord of two circles of radii 25 cm and 26 cm, respectively, if the distance between
2
rr2 ( sin )
their centers
is 7
17
cm.
A

r
.999
cm
A 2 ( sin )
cm r
3 cmd. 54 cm
a. 36 cm
c. 48
r
3 2 b. 40 38 cm

2
2
(7.999)2
Ar
(2.3726 sin2.3726) 53.7 in2 calculator must be in RADIAN mode

32

chord
cos 1
2 67.97
(7.999)
2
7
.
999
2
(2.3726 sin135.94) 53.7 in calculator must 26
A
becmin DEGREE mode
By Cosine
Law
:
thus, 67.972(2) 135.94 2.26
3726
rad
cm
25 cm
25 2 26 2 17 2 2(26)(17)cos

L?
2
L?
67.38
thus,
2 2(67.38) 134.76
26 cm
c 0s

Answer: C. 48 cm2

By Cosine Law :
L2 26 2 26 2 2( 26)(26) cos134.76
L 48 cm

17 cm
common chord

39. A goat is tied to a corner of a 30 ft by 35 ft building. If the rope is 40 ft long and the goat can reached 1 ft farther
than the rope length, what is the maximum area the goat can cover?
a. 4480 ft 2
b. 4840 ft 2
c. 4084 ft 2
d. 8004 ft 2
PP

PP

PP

Answer: C. 4084 ft 2
PP

PP

PP

PP

6ft

PP

PP

35ft
11ft

3
area of cicle A 1 area of circle B 1 area of BUILDING
circle C
4
4
4
C
3
1
1
(41)2 (11) 2 (6) 2 4084 ft 2
4
4
4

30ft

AreaMAX

AreaMAX

PP

A
GOAT

40ft
1ft
TOP VIEW

40. Find the area of a segment having an angle of 0.75 radian in a circle whose radius is 6 inches.
a. 2.44 in 2
b. 1.85 in 2
c. 1.23 in 2
d. 0.92 in 2
PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

Answer: C. 1.23 in 2
Using: Shortcut Formula
PP

PP

MATH 0005

pg. 14

r2
sin
2
(6) 2

0.75 sin0.75 1.23 in 2 calculator must be in RADIAN mode

2

A segment
A segment

41. The three dimensions of a rectangular parallelepiped are in the ratio of 2:3:5. If the volume is 810 cubic cm, what is
the length of the longest side?
a. 6
b. 40
c. 15
d. 18
Answer: C. 15

Volume (2x)(3x)(5x)
810 cm3 30x 3
x 3 cm
3x
But : Largest Side 5x 5(3) 15 cm

2x

5x

42. Find the area of a parallelogram in square cm whose sides are 67 cm and 43 cm, the acute angle between them
being 65.
a. 1305
b. 1611
c. 1805
d. 2611
Answer: D. 2611
Formula: Area of a Parallelogram,A
67 cm

A bh
where : b base A bh
h height b 67 cm

43 cm

Solving for height, h

h sin65(43 cm)

43 cm

65
67 cm

thus, h 38.97 cm
therefore :
A ( 67cm)(38.9 7cm) 2611cm 2

43. The lengths of the diagonals of a parallelogram are 20 cm and 30 cm. The diagonals intersect at an angle of 65.
Find the length of the longer side of the parallelogram.
a. 14.08 cm
b. 16.75 cm
c. 19.68 cm
d. 21.25 cm
Answer: D. 21.25 cm

Using Cosine Law :

L2 152 102 2(15)(10)cos115
L 152 102 2(15)(10)cos115
L 21.25 cm

10 cm 115
65
115
15 cm

15 cm
65
10 cm

PP

115 10 cm

L longer side

L longer side

44. In problem 43, what is the area of the parallelogram in cm 2 ?

a. 271.89
b. 125.45

15 cm

PP

c. 165.25

d. 175.85

Answer: A. 271.89
Another Formula: Area of Parallelogram, A

d d
(30 cm)(20 cm)
d1d 2
A 1 2 sin
sin65 271.89 cm 2
sin
2
2
2
where : d1 and d 2 are the diagonals
(30 cm)(20 cm)
or
A
sin115 271.89 cm 2
angle formed by the diagonals
2

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 15

45.
Rhombus ABCD has sides of length 10 cm. If the length of diagonal AC is also 10 cm, find the length of the diagonal BD.
a. 12.37 cm
b.13.72 cm
c. 17.32 cm
d. 12.73 cm
Answer: C. 17.32 cm

B10 cm

Considering the Right Triangle,

Solve for x, by Phytagorean Theorem,
x 2 5 2 102

10 cm
10 cm

10 cm

5 cm

d BD ?

x 10 2 5 2 8.66 cm
But diagonal BD 2x
Thus,
dBD 2x 2(8.66 cm) 17.32 cm

Note: A rhombus is a parallelogram with four equal sides and the diagonals are perpendicular.
46. In problem 45, what is the area of the rhombus in cm 2 ?
a. 66.8
b. 86.6
PP

PP

c. 44.5

d. 54.4

Answer: B. 86.6
Another Formula: Area of a Rhombus, A

d 1d 2
d d
d d
(10 cm)(17.32 cm)
sin90 1 2
A 1 2 sin
86.6 cm 2
2
2
2
2
where : d 1 and d 2 are the diagonals
angle formed by the diagonals 90
A

47. The two bases of a trapezoid are 12 inches and 18 inches, respectively. If the angles of the extremities of one base
are 65 and 40 respectively, find the longer leg in inches.
a. 5.63
b. 6.23
c. 7.21
d. 7.81
Answer: A. 5.63
Remove the rectangle, then combine the the 2 right triangles :

12 in

75

b longer leg

b longer leg

a
65

65

40
18 in

40

18 in - 12 in 6 in

Thus,
By Sine Law :
a
b
6

sin40 sin 65 sin 75

a 3.99 in shorter leg
b 5.63 in longer leg

48. The bases of an isosceles trapezoid are 6 inches and 18 inches respectively. Determine the length of its median.
a. 13 in
b. 14 in
c. 11 in
d. 12 in
Answer: D. 12 in

Base 1
Median
Base 2

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 16

Note: The median of a trapezoid is parallel to the base and its length is one-half the sum of the length of the two
bases.
1
1

Thus,

Median

(Base 1 Base 2 )

(6 in 18 in) 12 i n

49. A rectangle whose one side is 8 cm is inscribed in a circle of radius 8.5 cm. Find the area of the rectangle in cm 2 .
a. 120
b. 135
c. 150
d. 160
PP

PP

Answer: A. 120
x

By Pythagorean Theorem,
x 2 4 2 8.5 2
`

r 8.5 cm

4 cm

W 8 cm
x 8.5 2 4 2 7.5 cm
thus, L 2x 2(7.5 cm) 15 cm
Therefore :
Area LW 15cm(8 cm) 120 cm 2

4 cm

L 2x

50. Express in radian the angle between the hands of a clock at 3:35 PM.
a. 0.73
b. 0.83
c. 0.93

d. 10.58

Answer: B. 0.83

Note :
For every 5 minutes spaces there are 30 360 12 30
and for every 60 minutes the HOUR hand will travel 5 minutes spaces
reference
thus, making an angle of 30
H
Therefore, by Ratio and Propotion (consider only the hour hand)
60min 25min

? 60
30
H
H 12.5
As shown in the figure, 60 H
rad
Therefore : 60 12.5 47.5x
0.83 rad
is 14.5 cm tall and 7.6 cm in diameter, how high is the vertex of
51. A funnel is placed in a glass as shown. If the 180
glass
the funnel above the bottom of the glass?

55

h 14.5 cm

x?

d 7.6 cm

a. 6.5 cm
Answer: B. 7.2 cm

b. 7.2 cm

c. 9.4 cm

Consider the Right Triangle,

y
tan62.5
3.8
y 7.2997 cm

d. 6.6 cm

27.5

But x h - y 14.5 - 7.2997 7.2 cm 62.5

Thus, the vertex of the funnel is 7.2 cm from
the
3.8 cm
base of the glass.

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 17

52. What is the base of an isosceles triangle whose sides are 1.3 units in length and whose height is 1 unit?
a. 2.66 units
b. 1.66 units
c. 3.66 units
d. 0.66 unit
Answer: B. 1.66 units
1.3 units

1.3 units
1 unit
x

By Pythagorean Theorem,
x 2 12 1.3 2
x 1.3 2 12 0.83 unit
Therefore, base x x 0.83 0.83 1.66 units

53. The area of an isosceles triangle is 64 sq. m with an included angle of 40 between the two equal sides. Find the
perimeter of the triangle.
a. 33.9
b. 37.9
c. 41.9
d. 44.9

1
absinC
2
where : A 64 m 2
C 40 (included angle)
a b ( isosceles)
1
thus, 64 a 2 sin 40
2
a 14.11 m b
solving for " c" using Cosine Law,
c 2 a 2 b 2 2ab cos C

Answer: B. 37.9

C
40

c 14.11 2 14.11 2 2(14.11)(14.11) cos 40 9.65 m

54. The sides of a triangle are 195, 157 and 210,
respectively.
What
the triangle?
Thus,
Perimeter
aisthe
b area
c of14.11
14.11 9.65 37.9 m
a. 73, 250

b. 10,250

c. 14,586

Answer: C. 145,586

d. 11,260

Using Hero' s Formula,

b 157

a 195

A
S

c 210

S(S - a)(S - b)(S - c)

abc
195 157 210

281 units
2
2
281( 281 195)(281 157)(281 210) 14586 sq. units

55. Three circles have radii 3, 4, and 5 m. If they are tangent externally. What is the area of the triangle formed?
a. 26.8 m 2
b. 28.6 m 2
c. 24.6 m 2
d. 26.4 m 2
PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

PP

Answer: A. 26.8 m 2
PP

PP

4m

Using Hero' s Formula,

4m

3m

5m
3m

5m

S(S - a)(S - b)(S - c)

abc
798
S

12 m
2
2
A

12(12 7)(12 9)(12 8) 26.8 m 2

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 18

56. The sides of the triangle are 8, 15, 17 units. If each side is doubled, how many square units will the area of the
triangle be?
a. 240 sq. units
b. 320 sq. units
c. 310 sq. units
d. 200 sq. units
Answer: A. 240
Using Hero' s Formula,
A

S(S - a)(S - b)(S - c)

But all sides will be doubled,

thus, a 8(2) 16 ; b 15(2) 30 ; c 17(2) 34
abc
16 30 34
S

40 units
2
2
A

40(40 16)(40 30)(40 34) 240 sq. units

57. The legs of a right triangle are in the ratio 2:3 and its area is 108-sq. cm. find the perimeter of the triangle.
a. 21.63 cm
b. 31.63 cm
c. 41.63 cm
d. 51.63 cm

1
base x height
2
1
108 ( 2 x )(3 x )
2
x 6 cm
Thus, 2x 2(6) 12 cm
3x 3(6) 18 cm
Solve for the hypotenuse using Pythagorean Theorem,
Area

Answer: D. 51.63 cm

3x

2x

hypotenuse 12 2 18 2 21.63 cm
Perimeter
12
18 a.
21.63 51.63 cm
58. Given triangle ABC in which A = 3030, b = 100 m andTherefore
c = 200 m.: Find
the length
of
side
a. 134.23 m

b. 124.64 m

d. 120.45 m

Answer: B. 124.64 m
3030'

c 200 m

b 100 m
B

c. 169.45 m

Using Cosine Law :

a 2 b 2 c 2 2bc cos A
a 100 2 200 2 2(100)(200) cos 3030'
a 124.64 m

a?

By Pythagorean Theorem,

59. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 34 cm. One leg is 14 cm larger than the other. Find the longer leg.
2
2
(14 x)c.2 26
x
a. 30 cm
b. 16 cm
cm 34
d. 24 cm
Answer: A. 30 cm

34 cm

14 cm x

196 28x x 2 x 2 1156

2 x 2 28x 960 0
x 2 14 x 480 0
( x 30)( x 16) 0
thus, x - 30 and x 16
Choose :
x 16 cm (positive value)
Therefore :
Longer leg 14 x 14 16 30 cm

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 19

60. Find the diameter of the minimum size of circular cloth that will over a triangular table, 2.5 ft by 2.5 ft by 2.8 ft
a. 2.82 ft
b. 3.02 ft
c. 3.22 ft
d. 3.42 ft

abc
4A
abc
2.5 2.5 2.8
S

3.9 ft
2
2
A S(S - a)(s - b)(S - c) 3.9(3.9 - 2.5)(3.9 - 2.5)(3.9 - 2.8)

Answer: B. 3.02 ft

r
2.5 ft

2.5 ft
r

A 2.8997 ft 2

(2.5)(2.5)(2.8)
1.50876 ft
4(2.8997)
diameter 2(1.50876 ft) 3.02 ft

2.8 ft

Therefore : r

61. A corner lot of land is 35 meters on one street and 25 meters on the other street, the angle between the two lines of
the street being 8225. The other two lines of the lot are respectively perpendicular to the lines of the streets. What
is worth of the lot, in Php, if land sells at Php 180 per square meter?
a. Php 136,729.80
b. Php136,008.90
c. Php126,927.35
d. Php 342,334.56
Answer: A. Php 136,729.80

B
C

25 m

LOT

8225'
A

35 m

Given : Cost of Land Php180 perbut

m2 DE AE - AD
Required : Price or Worth of Lot
Solution :
DE 189.44 m - 35 m 154.44 m
Price or Worth of Lot Area x landCD
cost 154.44tan735' 20.56 m
Area A ABE A CDE
1
Thus,
A ABE (AB)(BE)
2
1
A ABE (25)(187.7 8) 2,347.25 m2
1
2
A CDE (CD)(DE)
2
1
A CDE (20.56)(1 5 4.44) 1,587.64 m2
Solving for ,
2
90 - 8225' 735'
Therefore :
AB
25 m
Aream 2,347.25 m2 1,587.64 m2
tan
; BE
187.78
BE
tan735'
Area 759.61 m2
AB
25
sin
; AE
189.44 m
Php180
Price or Worth of Lot
x759.61 m2
AE
sin735'
2
m
CD
tan
; CD DE tan735' Price or Worth of Lot Php 136,729.80
DE

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 20

62. A triangular portion of a lawn measuring 33 ft by 31 ft by 46 ft is to be seeded. Allowing 1/4 lb of grass seeds per
300 sq. ft, how much seed is needed?
a. 0.246 lb
b. 0.426 lb
c. 0.462 lb
d. 0.624 lb
Answer: B. 0.426 lb

a b c 33 31 46

55 ft
2
2
A S(S - a)(S - b)(S - c) 55(55 - 33)(55 - 31)(55 - 46) 511 .23 ft 2
1
lb
Thus,
4
Amount of seeds needed
x 511 .23 ft 2 0.426 lb
2
300 ft

63. Three spheres if radii 1, 2 and 3 inches, respectively, are melted and formed into a new sphere. Find the radius of
this new sphere in inches.
a. 3.3
b. 4.3
c. 5
d. 6

Total Volume V1 V2 V3

Answer: A. 3.3

4
(13 2 3 3 3 ) 150.7964474 in3
3

4 3
r
3
4
thus, 150.7964474 in3 r 3
3
r

3.3
in the
surface
new radius
64. If the edge of a cube is increased by 20%, by how much is
area increased?
But : Total Volume

a. 20%
Answer: C. 44%

b. 40%

c. 44%

d. 72.8%

Given : edge of the cube increased by 20%

Required : Percent Increase in Surface Area

SHORCUT SOLUTION :
Percent Increase or Decrease in Surface Area,

Solution :

Percent Increase (1.2) 2 1 0.44 44%

Note : If the given is 20% decrease on the edge,

Surface Area of a Cube 6a

where : a length of the edge of a cube

Percent Decrease 1 - (0.8) 2 0.36 36%

If " a" is increased by 20%

New Surface Area of a Cube 6(1.2a) 2 8.64a 2
Therefore :
Percent Increase in Surface Area

8.64a 6a
6a

Same as in Increase or Decrease inVolume,

Percent Increase (1.2) 3 1 0.728 72.8%
Percent
1 (0.8) 3 0.488 48.8%
x100
% 44Decrease
%

65. Given a sphere of diameter D, what is the percentage increase in volume when the surface area is increased by
21%?
a.10%
b. 21%
c. 30%
d. 33%
Answer: D. 33%

Given : % increase in Surface area of a sphere 21%

Required : Percent Increase in Volume
SHORTCUT SOLUTION :
1.21 1 10% percent increased in diameter D
Therefore : % increase in Volume (1.10) 3 1 33.1%

66. A right circular cone has an altitude of 36 cm. A plane is passed parallel to the base at a distance 24 cm from the
vertex of the cone. Compute for the ratio of the upper cone formed by the plane to the volume of the bigger cone.
a. 0.816
b. 0.296
c. 0.346
d. 0.426
Answer: B. 0.296

SHORTCUT SOLUTION :
24

36

0.296

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 21

67. From the top and bottom of a 74-ft lighthouse, the angles of depression of a ship are 41 and 37 respectively. Find
the height of the lighthouse above sea level.
a. 555.8 ft
b. 625.8 ft
c. 725.8 ft
d. 755.8 ft
Answer: 555.8 ft
41

41
49

74 ft

74 ft
h?

37

sea level
Consider the Oblique Triangle,
By Sine Law :
y
74

sin49 sin4

127
53

37
sea level

Consider the small Right Triangle,

x
sin37
y

37

Thus, x ysin37 800.62sin37 481.8 ft

Therefore : h x 74 481.8 ft 74 ft 555.8 ft

y 800.62 ft

68. Two trains travel from the same point, one went west at the rate of 10 kph, while the other traveled at N10E at 20
kph. After 3 hours, find the distance, in km, between the two cars.
a. 60.45 km
b. 71.59 km
c. 30.45 km
d. 100.20 km
Answer: B. 71.59 km

N
TRAIN # 2

d?
10

Solving for the distances traveled by the two trains,

Train # 1 :
km
d 1 Rate 1 x time 10
x 3 hr 30 km
hr
Train # 2 :
km
d 2 Rate 2 x time 20
x 3 hr 60 km
hr
By Cosine Law : Consider the Oblique Triangle,
d 2 d 12 d 2 2 2( d 1d 2 ) cos100

d2

90
W

TRAIN # 1

Starting
Point

d1

30 2 60 2 2( 30)(60) cos100 71.59 km

69. A car travels 36 kph due east and another car from the same point at N30E at the rate of 72 kph. After two hours,
the distance between two cars is?
a. 164.71 km
b. 134.71 km
c. 154.71 km
d. 124.71 km
Answer: D. 124.71 km
CAR # 2
N
d2

d?

30
60

d1
S

E
CAR #1

Solving for the distances traveled by the two cars,

CAR # 1 :
km
d 1 Rate 1 x time 36
x 2 hr 72 km
hr
CAR # 2 :
km
d 2 Rate 2 x time 72
x 2 hr 144 km
hr
By Pythagorean Theorem : Consider the Right Triangle,
d 2 2 d12 d 2
d

d 2 2 d 1 2 144 2 72 2 124.71 km

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 22

70. At one side of a road is a 25 ft pole fixed on top of a 15 ft wall. On the other side of the road, the flagstaff and the
wall subtend equal angle. Find the width of the road.
a. 25 ft
b. 30 ft
c. 40 ft
d. 60 ft
Answer: B. 30 ft

15
40
and tan2
W
W
From : Trigonomet ric Identites,
2tan
tan2
1 - tan 2
15
2

40
W
thus,

2
W
15
1

W
tan

25 ft

15 ft

W 2 225 0.75W 2

0.25W 2 225
W 30 ft width of the road
71. An observer wishes to determine the height of a tower. He take sights to the top of the tower from points A and B at
the ground, which are 50 ft apart, at the same elevation on a direct line to the tower. The vertical angles at points A
and B are 30 and 40 respectively. What is the height of the tower?
a. 57.56 ft
b. 34.67
c. 92.54 ft
d. 87.34 ft
Answer: C. 92.54 ft

h
h xtan40 Equation 1
x
h
and tan30
h (50 x)tan30 Equation 2
50 x
Equate Equation 1 and 2,
h?
xt an40 (50 x)tan30
tan30
x (50 x)
tan40
tan30
tan30
x x
30
40
50

tan40
tan40
A
B
0.31194x 34.403
50 ft
x
x 110.287ft
: of depression
h 110.287tan
40top
92.54
ft of the
72. A PLDT tower and a monument stand on a level plane.Therefore
The angles
of the
and foot
tan40

monument viewed from the top of the tower 13 and 35 respectively. The height of the tower is 50 m. Find the
13
height, in meters of the monument.
a. 33.514 m
b. 34.568 m
c. 45.673
50 - hm
50 hd. 23.452 m
35
tan13
x
Equation 1
x
tan13
Answer: A. 33.514 m
50
50
13
and tan35
x
Equation 2
50 m
x
tan35
h?
35
x

Equate Equation 1 and 2,

50 h
50

tan13
tan35
50tan13
50 h
tan35
h 33.514 ft

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 23

73. A PLDT has a 183 m straight vertical tower. Two cables support the tower. The cables are anchored to a horizontally
leveled ground. The vertical lines of anchor points pass directly through the center base of the tower. If the angles
made by the cables are 44 and 58 respectively, find the distance between the anchors of the cables in meters.
a. 203.9 m
b. 215.8 m
c. 303.9 m
d. 263.4 m
Answer: C. 303.9 m

183
183
x
114.4 m
x
tan58
183 m
183
183
tan44
y
189.5 m
y
tan44
But :
d x y 114.4 m 189.5 m
d 303.9 m
tan58

44

58

d?

74. A man standing on top of a 48.5 m building has horizontal eyesight 1.5 m from the top of the building. The angle of
depression of the top and of the foot of the nearby building are 50 and 80 respectively. Find the height of the
nearby building in meters. The man stands at the edge of the building and both building lie on the same ground
level.
a. 49.5 m
b. 39.5 m
c. 30.5 m
d. 20.5 m
Answer: B. 39.5 m
1.5 m

50
80

50 m - h
50

48.5 m

h?
80

50 - h
50 h
x
Equation 1
x
tan50
50
50
and tan80
x
Equation 2
x
tan80
Equate Equation 1 and 2,
50 h
50

tan50
tan80
50tan50
50 h
tan80
h 39.5 m
tan50

50 m

75. A pole cast a shadow 15-m long when the angle of elevation of the sun is 61. If the pole has lean 15 from the
vertical directly toward the sun, what is the length of the pole?
a. 54.23 m
b. 48.64 m
c. 36.84 m
d. 64.84 m
Answer: A. 54.23 m

15
L?
61
15 m

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

180 61 (90 15) 14

By Sine Law :
L
15m

sin61 sin14
sin 61
L 15m

sin14
L 54.23 m

Note: For Problems 76 105 use your SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR!!!

76. Simplify: cos 2 (1 +tan 2 )
a. 1
PP

PP

PP

PP

b. zero

c. cos

d. sin

c. tan

d. sec

Answer: A. 1
77. Simplify the expression sec secsin 2
a. sin
b. cos
PP

PP

Answer: B. cos
78. Simplifying the equation sin 2 (1 + cot 2 ) will give the value equal to
a. zero
b. 2
c. 1
PP

PP

PP

PP

d. sin

Answer: C. 1
79. Find the value of sin2
a. 2sincos

b. sincos

c. sin 2

d. cos 2

c. 7/12

d. 12/7

c. -0.707

d. 0.707

PP

PP

PP

PP

Answer: A. 2sincos
80. If tan A = 1/3 and cot B = 4, the tan (A + B) is equal to
a. 11/7
b. 7/11
Answer: B. 7/11
81. Evaluate: tan arcsin (-1.732 tan arccot 3)
a. -1
b. 1
Answer: C. -0.707

pg. 24

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

82.
Solve for the value of A if sin A = sin 20 + sin 40
a. 30
b. 60

c. 80

d. 120

c. /4

d. 3/2

c. csc A

d. sec A

c.1.25

d. 1.2

c. 30

d. 35

c. 30.705

d. 35.705

c. tan A

d. sin A

c. sin A

d. cos A

c. 1/4

d. 1/3

c. 0.312

d. 0.567

c. zero

d. infinity

Answer: C. 80
83. Solve for the value of A if sin 2 A + 4sinA + 3 = 0
a.
b. /2
PP

PP

Answer: D. 3/2
84. Simplify the expression: sec A sec A sin 2 A
a. sin A
b. cos A
PP

PP

Answer: B. cos A
85. Solve for x if arctan (x + 1) +arctan(x 1) = arctan(12)
a. 1.5
b. 1.33
Answer: B. 1.33
86. Solve for x if sin 4x = cos (40 + x)
a. 10
b. 20
Answer: A. 10

87. Solve for x if tan 3x = 5 tan x

a. 15.705
b. 20.705
Answer: B. 20.705
88. Simplify cos (30 - A ) cos (30 + A) as a function of A only
a. cos A
b. sec A
Answer: D. sin A
89. Simplify cos (A + B)cosA + sin( A + B)sin A
a. sin B
b. cos B
Answer: B. cos B
90. What is the cosine of 120?
a. 1/2

b. -1/2

Answer: B. -1/2
91. Given cos2A =2cos2A -1. Find cos75
a. 0.259
b. 0.345
Answer: A. 0.259
92. The logarithm of 1 to any base is
a. 1
b. more than one
Answer: C. zero
93. What is the value of (0.001) 2/3 ?
PP

PP

pg. 25

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

a. antilog(2/3 log0.001)

b. 0.001[log(2/3)]

MATH 0005
c. ln 2/3

d. none of these

c. 1

d. 10

pg. 26

Answer: A. antilog(2/3 log0.001)

94. Naperian logarithms have a base equal to_____?
a. 2.71828
b. 3.1416
Answer: A. 2.71828
95. Logarithm of the nth root of x equals log of x to the 1/n power is also equal to:
a. nlogx
b. (logx)/n
c. log(x/n)

d. n/logx

Answer: B. (logx)/n
96. What is the natural log of e to the xy power
a. xylne
b. xy

c. both a and b

d. none of these

c. 16

d. 36

c. log [x/(y + z)]

d. all of these

Answer: C. both a and b

97. If x to the 3/4 power equals 8, x equals:
a. 12
b. 18
Answer: C. 16
98. What expression is equivalent to: logx log(y + z)
a. xlog(y + z)
b. log [(x)(y + z)]
Answer: C. log [x/(y + z)]
99. 38.5 to the x power = 6.5 to the x-2 power, solve for x using logarithm.
a. 2.10
b. 3.10
c.4.10

d. -2.10

Answer: D. -2.10
100. If log 12 x = 2, find the value of x.
a. 144
b. 156
BB

BB

c. 120

d. 134

Answer: A. 144
101. Which value is equal to the log to the base e of e to the -7x power?
a. 7x
b. -7x
c. 1/(7x)

d. x/7

Answer: B. -7x
102. Solve for the value of x: sin(15 - 2x) = cos(7x + 10)
a. 10
b. 11

c. 12

d. 13

c. 400 mils

d. 480 mils

Answer: D. 13
103. Express 18 in mils
a. 220 mils

b. 320 mils

Answer: B. 320 mils

104. Angles are measured from the positive horizontal axis, and the positive is counterclockwise. What are the values of
sinB and cosB in the fourth quadrant?
a. sinB<0 ; cosB < 0
b. sinB=0 ; cosB < 0
c. sinB<0 ; cosB>0
d. sinB>0 ; cosB < 0
Answer: C. sinB<0 ; cosB>0

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 27

105. What are the exact values of the cosine and tangent trigonometric functions of acute angle A, given sin A = 3/7?
a.
b.
c.
d.
4 10 3 10
4 10 3 10
2 10 3 10
10
10
;
;
;
;
7
10
7
20
7
20
7
20
Answer: C. 2 10 ; 3 10
7
20

BASIC FORMULAS: MENSURATION

1. PLANE FIGURES
TRIANGLE

SQUARE

a Area a

Perimeter 4a

RECTANGLE

Area ab

Perimeter 2a 2b

OBLIQUE PARALLELOGRAM

d2

d1

a h

Area bh
d1d 2
Area

sin
a
2
Perimeter 2a 2b

1
Area bh
2
If three sides are known :
Hero' s Formula,
Area S(S a)(S b)(S c)
where, S semi - perimeter
abc
S
2
If two sides and their included

angle are given :

1
A absin
2
CIRCLE
Perimeter a b c

b
d

2
d
4
Circumference 2r d
Area r 2

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 28

RHOMBUS (all sides equal and =90)

s
s

Area bh
dd
dd
Area 1 2 sin90 o 1 2
2
2
Perimeter 4s

d2 d 1

s
h

sb

CIRCULAR SECTOR

TRAPEZOID (1 pair of sides parallel)

a

a b)
Area
h
2

Perimeter a b c d

1
1
Area S r r 2
2
S 2
S r

CIRCULAR SEGMENT (minor)

CIRCULAR SEGMENT (major)

Area Area sec tor A triangle

r2
r r Area ( sin )
2

Area Area sec tor A triangle

r2
Area ( sin )
2

THEOREMS ON CIRCLES
CIRCLE INSCRIBED IN A TRIANGLE

r
c

Triangle of sides a, b, c
and area A
A
r
S
abc
S
2

CIRCLE CIRCUMSCRIBED
ABOUT A TRIANGLE
Triangle of sides a, b, c

r
b

a
c

and area A
A
abc
r S
a4Ab c
S
2
r

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

INTERSECTING CHORDS

INTERSECTING SECANTS

b
y

x
a

pg. 29

(a)(b) ( x)( y )

x
(a b)(b) ( x y )( x)

y
INTERSECTING SECANT AND TANGENT

a
b
x

PARABOLIC SEGMENT

(a b)(a) ( x) 2

ELLIPSE
Area

2
ab
3

Area ab

b
a

a
2. SOLID FIGURES
CUBE

d
a

Volume , V
V a3
aSurface Area, A s
A s 6a 2

diagonal , d
da 3

SPHERE

Volume , V
4

V r 3 d 3
3
6
Surface Area, A s
A s 4 r 2

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

RECTANGULAR
PARALLELEPIPED

Volume , V
V abc
Surface Area, A s

bdiagonal, d

d a2 b2 c 2
r

Volume , V
h2
V
(3r h)
3
Surface Area, A S
A S 2rh

PYRAMID

Volume , V
2
dh
4
Lateral Surface Area, A L
V r 2h

(area of side surface)

A L 2rh dh

Volume , V
h V 1 Ah
3
where : A base area

Total Surface Area, TSA

TSA A L 2( r 2 )
CONE

Volume , V

r
d

1
1
V r 2h d 2h
3
12
Lateral Surface Area, A L
(area of side surface)
1
1
A L CL (2r ) r 2 h2

2
2
where : C circumference
Total Surface Area, TSA
TSA A L r 2

FRUSTUM OF
CONE AND PYRAMID

A1
h

A2

pg. 30

SPHERICAL SEGMENT

A s 2(ab bc ac )

CYLINDER

MATH 0005

A1
A2

Volume , V
1
V A 1 A 2 A 1A 2 h
3
h

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 31

PRISMATOID

SIMILAR FIGURES

A1

Linear Parts
y x

Y X

Area l Parts

Cubic Parts

A1 x 2

A2 X2

V1 x 3

V2 X 3

Note : This concept applies only to pyramids and cones

A2

PRISMATOID

A1

AM

Volume , V
1
V A1 4 A M A 2 h
6
where : A M area of intersection

A2

PRISMS
Here are four types of Prisms

triangular prism

rec tan gular prism

pentagonal prism

hexagonal prism

LATERAL SURFACE AREA (PERIMETER OF BASE)(HEIGHT)

TOTAL SURFACE AREA LATERAL SURFACE AREA AREA OF BASES

VOLUME OF PRISM (BASE AREA)(HEI GHT)

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 32

IMPORTANT POINTS:

Triangle is a figure formed by three segments joining three noncollinear points. Each segment is a side of the
triangle and each point is a vertex of the triangle. The symbol for triangle is . A triangle can be classified
according to the number of equal sides. Scalene Triangle (no sides equal), Isosceles Triangle (at least two
sides equal) and Equilateral Triangle (all sides equal).
Each angle of an equiangular triangle has a measure of 60.
The acute angles of a right triangle are complementary (sum is equal to 90).
The sum of the interior angles of any triangle is equal to 180.
If a triangle is equilateral, it is also equiangular.
If two angles of a triangle are equal, the sides opposite them are equal or vice versa.
A median of a triangle is a segment from a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side.
An altitude of a triangle is segment from a vertex perpendicular to the line containing the opposite side.
The median from the vertex angle of an isosceles triangle is perpendicular to the base and bisects the vertex
angle.
Pythagorean Theorem states that In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the
square of the legs.
Polygon is a figure that meets each of the following conditions:
1. It is formed by three or more coplanar segments called sides.
2. Sides that have a common endpoint are noncollinear.
3. Each side intersects exactly two others sides, but only at their endpoints
A diagonal of a polygon is a segment joining any two nonconsecutive vertices of the polygon.
A regular polygon is a polygon with all its sides equal and all its angles equal.
An equiangular polygon is a polygon which has all angles equal.
A convex polygon is a polygon in which all of the diagonals are in the interior of the polygon.
A concave polygon is one with at least one diagonal or part of it not in the interior angle of the polygon.
A triangle is a polygon with three sides.
A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides.
A pentagon is a polygon with five sides.
A hexagon is a polygon with six sides.
A heptagon is a polygon with seven sides.
An octagon is a polygon with eight sides.
A nonagon is a polygon with nine sides.
A decagon is a polygon with ten sides.
A dodecagon is a polygon with twelve sides.
A pentadecagon is a polygon with fifteen sides.
An n-gon is a polygon with n sides, where n represents any number of sides.
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral having two pairs of parallel sides.
A rectangle is a parallelogram with four right angles.
A rhombus is a parallelogram with four equal sides.
A square is a rectangle with four equal sides.
A diagonal and the sides of a parallelogram form two congruent triangles.
Opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal.
The opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal and the adjacent angles are supplementary.
The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
A midsegment of a triangle is a line segment that joins the midpoints of two of its sides.
A midsegment of a triangle is parallel to the third side and its length is one-half the length of the third side.
A parallelogram is a rectangle, if and only if, its diagonals are equals.
A parallelogram is a rhombus, if and only if, its diagonals are perpendicular to each other (bisect each
other at right angles).
The median of a trapezoid is parallel to the base and its length is one-half the sum of the lengths of the
two bases.
In an isosceles trapezoid, base angles are equal and the diagonals are equal.
Concurrent lines are three or more lines (rays or segments) that have a common point.

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

MATH 0005

pg. 33

The point of concurrency of the perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle is called the circumcenter of
the triangle.
The orthocenter of a triangle is the point of intersection of the altitudes of the triangle.
The incenter of a triangle is the point of concurrency of the angle bisectors.
The medians of a triangle are concurrent. The point of concurrence is two-thirds the distance from each
vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side.
The point of concurrency of the medians of a triangle is called the centroid of the triangle.
The length of the median to the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the one-half the length of the
hypotenuse.
A circle is the set of all points in a plane that have the same distance from a given point called center.
A segment joining the center to a point on the circle is called radius (plural: radii) of the circle.
A segment joining two points on a circle is called a chord, and a chord passing through the center is a
diameter of the circle.
Circumference is the measure of total distance around a circle. For any circle, if the circumference is divided
by the diameter the result is always equal to 3.1416. This number is given the name pi (pronounce pie) and
is symbolized by the Greek letter .
A tangent to a circle is a line (or a ray or a segment) in the plane of the circle that intersects the circle in
exactly one point. The point of intersection is called the point of tangency.
A secant is a line that lies in the plane of a circle and intersects the circle in two points.
Congruent circles are circles with congruent (or equal) radii.
Concentric circles are circles with common center.
A central angle is an angle whose vertex is the center of the circle.
The measure of an arc is the same as the measure of its central angle.
Tangents circles are circles lying on the same plane that are tangents to the same line at the same point.
An inscribed angle is an angle whose vertex is on the circle and whose sides each intersect the circle in one
other point. The arc cut by this angle is called the intercepted arc. The measure of the inscribed angle is
one-half the measure of its intercepted arc.
Volume is the measurement of the space enclosed by a solid; that is, the space enclosed by a three
dimensional figure.
Total Surface Area is the total area of the curve and flat surfaces of a solid.
Lateral Surface Area is the surface area of a solid, not including area the base or bases.
Cube is a rectangular prism whose edges are equal to each other.
Cylinder is a figure that is shaped like a can. It has two circular bases joined by sides that are perpendicular
to them.
Cone is a figure that is shape like a funnel. It has a circular base and sides that come to a point directly above
or below the center of the base.
Sphere is a figure shape like a ball. The radius of a sphere is the distance from center to any point in a
sphere.
Pyramid is a solid bounded by a plane surfaces, one which, called the bases, is bounded by a polygon, and
the others are bounded by triangles having a common vertex.
Prism is a solid with two equal and parallel faces called bases. The other faces of the prism are
parallelograms.
1 revolution = 360 = 2 radians = 6,400 mils = 400 grade

TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

SINE LAW

hypotenusea
opposite
b
c
; cscA

hypotenuse
oppositesin A
sin B
sin C
adjacent
hypotenuse
cosA
; secA
hypotenuse
adjacent
adjacent
opposite
tanA
; cotA
adjacent
opposite
sinA

TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

COSINE LAW
a 2 b 2 c 2 2bc cos A
b 2 a 2 c 2 2ac cos B
c 2 a 2 b 2 2ab cos C

JCSF ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

A. Pythagorean Identities

sin 2 A cos 2 A 1
1 tan 2 A sec 2 A
1 cot 2 A csc 2 A
B. Reciprocal Identities

1
1
; cscA
cscA
sinA
1
1
cosA
; secA
secA
cosA
1
1
tanA
; cotA
cotA
tanA
sinA

C. Quotient Identities

MATH 0005

E. Double Number Identities

sin2A 2sinAcosA
cos2A cos 2 A sin 2 A
cos2A 2cos 2 A 1
cos2A 1 2sin 2 A
tan2A

cot2A

2tanA
1 tan 2 A
cot 2 A 1
2cotA

tanA

sinA
cosA

F. Half Number Identities

cotA

cosA
sinA

cos

D. Functions of the Sum and Difference of Two Angles

sin(A B) sinAcosB cosAsinB
sin(A B) sinAcosB cosAsinB
cos(A B) cosAcosB sinAsinB
cos(A B) cosAcosB sinAsinB
tan(A B)

tanA tanB
tanA tanB
; tan(A B)
1 tanAtanB
1 tanAtanB

2
A
sin
2
A
tan
2

1 cosA
2
1 cosA
2
1 cosA
sinA
1 cosA

1 cosA 1 cosA
sinA

pg. 34