AioDEL^^-S

Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information

( Candidate surname Other names

]
Centre Number Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9-1)

Paper
Time 2 hours
reference
4CH1/1C4SDO/1C
A
Chemistry
Science (Double Award) 4SDO
PAPER: 1C
IVOVE/^EK 2.02.1
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator, ruler
^ \,

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
- there may be more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
• Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box Kt. If you change your
mind about an answer, put a line through the box 8 and then mark your new
answer with a cross S.

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 110.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
- use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

Advice
Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Write your answers neatly and in good English.
Try to answer every question.
Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Good luck with your examination.
Turnover >

IP66058RA
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1 P66058RA01 40 Pearson

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P66058RA0340
 Answer ALL questions.

1 (a) The diagram shows the particles in four substances, A, B, C and D.

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(i) Which substance contains single atoms of one element?

(1)
^ A

(ii) Which substance is a compound?

(1)
A

(iii) Which substance could have the formula H ?

(1)
A
S B

a c
D

P66058RA0440
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(b) The diagram shows the particles in substance E.
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Give two reasons why substance E is a mixture.

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P66058RA0540
 ^
I 2 This question is about Group 7 elements and their reactions.
(a) Fluorine has the smallest atoms in Group 7.
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The diagram shows the electronic configuration of a fluorine atom. ;t
x x
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x
x
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(i) State why fluorine has the smallest atoms in Group 7.

(1)
A^M^..At...s.^i^ i;l
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(ii) Which row gives the correct number of occupied electron shells and the
correct number of outer shell electrons in an atom of iodine? ^::
Use the Periodic Table on page 2 to help you.
(1)
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Number of Number of
occupied electron shells outer shell electrons $<;;

A 4 5

D B 5 6

s c 5 7
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P66058RA0640
 (b) (i) The table gives descriptions of the reactions of some Group 7 elements with iron wool.

Complete the table by giving a description of the reaction of fluorine with iron wool. j
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Element Description of reaction with iron wool
-'^?7T^;?L^.^3^ /u^Tle^t ^4^
M ' J
fluorine
' r^iA ^fyc\^{^
does not need hea'ting
chlorine
r reacts quickly
needs heating
bromine
reacts slowly
::<:':'>

iodine
needs heating
K I reacts very slowly

(ii) State the relationship between the reactivity of the Group 7 elements and the
size of their atoms.
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P66058RA0740
 3 This question is about the rusting of iron.
(a) Water is needed for iron to rust. Is''
(i) Name one other substance needed for iron to rust.
(1) I
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(ii) Give the chemical name for rust.
(1) i
ir^fiii^^ ^<^

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(b) The diagram shows two methods used to prevent iron from rusting.
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iron
plastic iron
zinc

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Method A Method B it
Method A will only work if the plastic coating is not damaged.

Method B will work even when the zinc coating is damaged.

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(i) Explain how method A prevents iron from rusting.
(2)

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(ii) Give the name of method B.
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(iii) Explain how method B prevents iron from rusting even when the zinc coating
is damaged.
(2)
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 ?^^
4 (a) The table shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in species F, G and H.

Species F Species G Species H !^

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number of protons 777

number of neutrons i

number of electrons I
7

7
...,-....-
8

7
7

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(i) Give the mass number of F.
(1)
1,1
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(ii) Give the electronic configuration of G.
(1)
.,^,^I_^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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I (iii) Explain why F and G are isotopes of the same element. ^•s^::

Refer to subatomic particles in your answer.

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(iv) Explain why H is a negative ion.

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P66058RA01 040
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(b) A sample of carbon contains atoms of mass number 12 and 13

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^— The table shows the percentages of these atoms in the sample.

^ Mass number Percentage (%)

12 j 98.930

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13 1.070

Calculate the relative atomic mass (A) of this sample of carbon.

Give your answer to two decimal places.

(2)

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106

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P66058RA01 1 40
5 Two experiments are done to determine the percentage composition by volume of a
mixture of three gases, carbon dioxide, oxygen and argon.

(a) In experiment 1, a student bubbles the mixture of gases through limewater.

Carbon dioxide reacts with limewater.
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The diagram shows the apparatus the student uses.

syringe A syringe B
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mixture
of gases

gas syringe
in 1 cm3
divisions

1
I
limewater ^;:^
i'
f.

The student pushes the mixture of gases out of syringe A, but no gas bubbles ^.'
appear in the limewater.

Give one change the student needs to make to the apparatus for gas bubbles to m
^:::
appear in the limewater.
(1)

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^b^.....^..±ke....^..^ i

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P66058RA01 240
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s (b) When the apparatus in experiment 1 is set up correctly, the mixture of gases is
bubbled gently through the limewater so that all the carbon dioxide is removed.

I The volume of the mixture of gases in syringe A at the start is 76cm3.

The volume of the mixture of gases in syringe Bat the end is 66 cm3.

(i) Calculate the percentage by volume of carbon dioxide in the mixture of gases
'i ns: in syringe A.
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percentage of carbon dioxide = ......t..^............'............... ..% I

II (ii) Give the change in the appearance of the limewater.
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(iii) Explain why the gas syringes in experiment 1 cannot be used to find the
percentage of carbon dioxide in a typical sample of air.
-(2)

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P66058RA01 340
 (c) In experiment 2, a teacher pushes the remaining gases over hot copper powder.

The diagram shows the apparatus the teacher uses.

V,
copper powder "1.
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I gas syringe HEAT ii
a
•i The copper powder turns black as it reacts with oxygen.
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Argon is extremely unreactive, so it does not react with copper.
(i) Name the black substance that forms on the copper powder.
(1)
/^
LO C^^cU_
(ii) Suggest why the teacher uses copper powder instead of the same mass of
large pieces of copper. li::'
(1)

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(iii) Explain why argon is extremely unreactive. ;--

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P66058RA01 540
I

6 This question is about organic compounds.

(a) The diagram shows the displayed formulae of five compounds, U, V, W, X and Y. $^3:'

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u v ^
H H
i
H H HH H
H—C—C—H
H—C—C=C—C—C—H ii'
H—C—C—H
1
H H H
i H H ;.iSI
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H H H H H H H H $;

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H H H H H H

Y
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H H H H

H—C—C—C—C—0—H
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H H H H
^'.i

(i) Give the letter of the compound that is not a hydrocarbon. •••'J^:
(1)

.y.
(ii) Give the letter of the compound that is a saturated hydrocarbon with the
il?
A^'

empirical formula CH^•2

(1)
v
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(iii) Give the letter of the compound that reacts with bromine in the presence of
ultraviolet radiation to form this structure.
(1) ;::B^
^'^
H H H H
:::3^
H—C—C—C—C—H
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H Br H H
^
\N
16

P66058RA01 640
 ^•'.

(iv) Give the letter of the compound that forms an addition polymer with this
repeat unit.
(1)
^il CH,CH,
<:w1

.i$ H H
x
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is
i (v) Give the displayed formula of an alkene that is an isomer of compound X.
(1)
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u ^
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^r ^C-C-C^K
c
I r"- I
^ h

ii>

ISS (vi) Compounds U and X are members of the same homologous series.

Members of the same homologous series have the same functional group.

Give two other characteristics of compounds in the same homologous series.

(2)

1 .&/^........^.....-M^..L....6^.....^..^
;•;•
^ 2. ...^.^•.!.^r.......^.^j.~^.4.....p^.^.^.i.
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P66058RA01 740
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5 (b) Compound Z contains 38.7% carbon, 9.7% hydrogen and 51.6% oxygen by mass. 11
1 (i) Show by calculation that the empirical formula of compound Z is Chl^O
.^/.^ (2) I
3^.7 fL2 11
16
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3 .•3-3-5' 3-1^ c^
3
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(ii) The relative formula mass (M) of compound Z is 62
Deduce the molecular formula of compound Z.
(2)
kO ^^l
'y f
a 1 1§^
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31 i^'
B
1^1
^r-c ^6° ^ molecular formula = ....(-^L.n^.ul.. 1^?
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P66058RA01940
 7 This question is about nitrogen and some of its compounds.

(a) Nitrogen and oxygen do not react together at room temperature. ^:^
At the high temperatures in a car engine, nitrogen and oxygen react to form
nitrogen monoxide, NO ^
(i) Give a chemical equation for this reaction.
(1) -:il
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:^..± (5^...^2.^.
.^..4:........^.^... t
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(ii) Give a reason why this reaction only occurs at high temperatures. ii::
(1)

^
...f^ i^.ct^:^^ CL.ki^k.. '-I V^/~r0^\ ^:">
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(iii) State why it is important that oxides of nitrogen are not released into the
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atmosphere.
(1)
^Cioi ^,A 3z.:

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(b) Nitrogen monoxide gas can be removed from car exhaust fumes when it reacts
with carbon monoxide gas.
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3
-1
(i) The rate of the reaction is increased by passing the gases over a catalyst.
^
Explain how a catalyst increases the rate of a reaction.
(2)

ly£/~....f>i^y.ii^l....^.ci / Lv^^/
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..^J.lk..J..^..^r.....^.^.^.^6.^...

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P66058RA02040
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(ii) Explain how increasing the pressure of gases increases the rate of reaction.
(3)
^..i'

:^
.^fb'.d^s...Q.€.^..
>^

^
'-^ ^^ZA'V^^C^I^J^A^

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I .^....''^....^iL

(c) Ammonia is a simple molecule with the formula NH

:CT (i) Complete the diagram to show the outer shell electrons in ammonia.
(2)
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^ I
f x
H H
''<'••:
^
K

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P66058RA021 40
I
(ii) The bonds in ammonia are covalent.

Describe the forces of attraction in a covalent bond.

(2) ili
....^^^..fl...^A......k..^.^.^,,du :.i
..^..........i^..C^........^^.......^.]r...J2,C^.f^^ ?
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B
it
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(iii) Explain why ammonia has a low boiling point.
(2)

^A........../W2 ^2.....i^^.t..
;^\

.^....^^^l^al^^i^:^£I-;0^^ ^^'^
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(Total for Question 7 = 14 marks) i
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P66058RA02340
i

^;::
8 This question is about barium chloride.

(a) Barium chloride can be made by reacting barium carbonate with dilute hydrochloric acid.
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The chemical equation for the reaction is
:.i
. BaCO^s) + 2HCl(aq) ^ BaCl^(aq) + H,0(l) + C0,(g)
Describe a method to produce dry crystals of hydrated barium chloride, starting
with barium carbonate powder and dilute hydrochloric acid.
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MO ..^.^...........^.0.r.^^.^]^.........^..........f'.k........^£/ :.>'

..^.^'LE^^^Zc^H^^SI
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P66058RA02440
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(b) A colourless solution contains sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate.

^ Describe a test using barium chloride to show that the colourless solution
contains sulfate ions.
,i (2)
...^^.d...............^.LL^.^............^.^.L^.........A.......Wrf, C\f\ t^M
§1 .ck..i.^jl^...,.,......,..,..................^..l'i../..^.............^.. '4

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(Total for Question 8=8 marks)

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P66058RA02540
9 A student investigates the reaction between solid hydrated sodium carbonate and
dilute hydrochloric acid.

(a) She uses this method to investigate the temperature change during the reaction. I
:ii!
Step 1 pour 25.0 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid into a polystyrene cup •~1'

Step 2 record the temperature of the dilute hydrochloric acid

I:
Step 3 add 0.5 g of sodium carbonate and stir the mixture

Step 4 record the lowest temperature of the mixture It

s ^^
3^'"
Step 5 add further 0.5 g portions of sodium carbonate, one portion at a time, stir
the mixture and record the lowest temperature each time
The table shows the student's results.
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ii:
Mass of sodium carbonate
Temperature in "C
added in g
s ^'
r~
0.0 17.0
^
0.5
I
15.6
I
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1.0 14.1
if
^.
1.5 13.0
-t-
2.0 12.9 ^
s::
2.5 12.2

3.0 n.8

3.5 11.5
^.i
4.0 n.2

4.5 n.o

5.0 11.0 :§;1

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\

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26

P66058RA02640
 (i) Plot the student's results on the grid.
(2)
(ii) Draw a curve of best fit, ignoring the anomalous result.
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T-r-ht-1 ^-r— H-r t-!-r"
.1....L....; ..,..
10
i
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012345

^? Mass ofhydrated sodium carbonate added in g

(iii) Explain why it is better to use a polystyrene cup instead of a glass beaker in
this experiment.
i^ (2)

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^i S...(M........l/YS.{d.^r.....
.f?.^.^...........f^^l/. ^^.......i^....^W^^^
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^

27

Turnover >
P "66 0 58RA02740
 (iv) Suggest a reason for the anomalous result.
(1)

I
•.-.•

^St'L..^....^..^^.^-^..
^
(v) State how the results show that all the dilute hydrochloric acid has reacted. :'m':
(1)
...^....J^.....t.^......^^..^..A^........./..{£.....^ ;<^^
^x:
..-^.4^...
(vi) Use the results of the experiment to explain the type of reaction that occurs
when sodium carbonate is added to dilute hydrochloric acid.
(2)
^l2^(>^±..i.S. ^t^^,~c c^S S'^y^ A
.fc.v...tk... e ^.
i;^
I
§i5:>'

(b) The student does another experiment using the same reaction.

The diagram shows the student's apparatus.

cotton wool
cJ 1
-^1
^.
,A

^s:;:
dilute hydrochloric acid ^.L
sodium carbonate

<C30.0C^)
!1
^:;.:
balance
"I-I
in.Qcg ];:il

The mass on the balance decreases as carbon dioxide gas escapes. I

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28

P66058RA02840
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(i) Give a reason for the cotton wool plug in the conical flask.
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(1)
^-:'
..f^,^..(/^^,,,,^i..^,<-/^4/^
;»/>'•

:.'w" (ii) The student adds 2.12 g of sodium carbonate to an excess of dilute
hydrochloric acid.

I The chemical equation for the reaction is

Na^CO^s) + 2HCl(aq) ^ 2NaCL(aq) + H^O(l) + C0,(g)

Calculate the maximum mass, in g, of carbon dioxide formed in the reaction.
(3)
.^rf/lA^) ^ f°
Bl ^^ - ^-—^ =1 (^ -0 2
f^6'\,'~ i^^r ^ \Q[,
m
^
lii
ml ^^SO^Co^ : 0,0 .2.? 4^ ^ 0-S^ I
-1
//A

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^M o.sy
K mass 9 I

(iii) Suggest why the mass of carbon dioxide produced is less than the calculated
maximum mass.
I
(1)
^o^ti'U^ Co[F^Of\^^ [^ ]^
Ill

^ (Total for Question 9=14 marks) j

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29

Turnover ^-
P66058RA02940
»•-

10 A teacher uses this apparatus to separate a mixture of ethanol and water.

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B
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A

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HEAT ^
is.
(a) (i) Name this method of separation.
(1)
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(ii) Name the change of state taking place at A.
(1)

\OA

(iii) Name the change of state taking place at B.

(1)
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s^^

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30

P66058RA03040
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(b) The mixture contains 1 5.5 cm3 of ethanol.

1...^ 1.0 cm3 of ethanol has a mass of 0.79 g.

One mole ofethanol contains 6.00 x 1023 molecules.
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[M ofethanol=46]
(i) Calculate the amount, in moles, of ethanol in 1 5.5 cm3 of ethanol.
.:
(2)
.^fi, (,r.r^ ^-7^-/z.2^5-^? o^^^i
/ ~
I \t-^_^o-Z^^(
46 _ 0-^-^c
amount = mol

(ii) Calculate the number of molecules of ethanol in 1 5.5 cm3 of ethanol.

(1)
ff
Ifl
().Z^ ^Oi^lff~\ I. ^^
is:^ 2.?
/, (0 ^
number of molecules
^§1

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ai
(c) After five minutes, the teacher collects a sample of colourless liquid in a new beaker.

(i) Describe a chemical test to show that the colourless liquid contains water.
(2)
^ ...^..^y..^.^.i........,c.^&:.....^.^./^./=€..
M

^^ ..^.^.lx.^.........l^.f:^....^.^iAA......^......w^te^...........^^^
^^
(ii) Describe a physical test to show if the colourless liquid is pure water.
(2)
m, .^^^r^^^^^^^^
ii

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31
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P66058RA031 40
 V

(d) The teacher uses this apparatus to heat 100 g of water.

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copper can

i
100 g of water
i
0 •:--:

burner ^K
b^ ethanol

»,

He records the temperature of the water before and after heating. igs
temperature of water before heating = 21.0°C
il
f
temperature of water after heating = 70.5 °C 1s
(i) Calculate the heat energy change (0) in joules.
[specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/g/°C]
^;
(3)

^o-^zf.o'- if^s ^ AT ;^
K>'/.

dc Av6-AT~-' 100 ^LI-^^ ^.'5 7CIOJ .^:^

<-;:::''::::;

y}. 7^^ ^.:%

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32
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P66058RA03240
 (ii) The student burns 0.0200mol ofethanol.
s<
Use this information and your value for Q to calculate the molar enthalpy
change (AH), in kj/mol, for the combustion ofethanol.
^il I
'•iw: Include a sign in your answer.
^-~

(2)

?$
^
^0. 7q0 ^
..I
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^6.7^ r - lOJcf.y i
Q •O'LOQ
&'
I ^.-163±L
fij AH =............'.^..../.....^.......................kl/rnol

(Total for Question 10 = 15 marks)

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33

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P66058RA03340
11 This question is about the reactivity of metals. -\x

(a) Table 1 shows whether a reaction occurs between a metal and an aqueous
solution of a metal sulfate.

^
Metal I Metal sulfate Does a reaction occur?

manganese chromium sulfate yes

^:;
tin j cadmium sulfate no
^
chromium | cadmium sulfate yes .•s.

Table 1
fi
(i) Name the type of reaction that occurs between manganese and chromium sulfate.

6/l^p^^.M^\Y
(ii) Use the information in Table 1 to complete the order of reactivity.
(1) t
Ill
most reactive manganese

..ckf?M.i..(AM.. i^
^
...<...<^A../^..1.^./K1..
least reactive
Tin ^
K"^^
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11

34

P66058RA03440
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(b) Table 2 shows the colours of four metals and the colours of their metal sulfate solutions.
"•••>

Metal Colour of metal Colour of metal sulfate solution !

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m~> copper brown blue

iron dark grey green

? -T -

magnesium silvery colourless

i zinc light grey colourless

a Table 2

When a metal is added to a metal sulfate solution there may be a colour change
on the surface of the metal and in the solution.
^

Use the information in Table 2 and your knowledge of the reactivity series to
explain any colour changes in these two experiments.
ii (5)
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Si-:1
copper added to magnesium sulfate solution...............A.0...C0f.^.^.C....^.^^^^.............................
i^s^
^<
Sx: ....^I...............^..^£^.......(I...kff........^^^........^k^.A.,^ <-/

zinc added to iron sulfate solution ,Z).^6, ...^..bL^.....

Sd^±....^^L.........M^.ci^.. .^.........^.i^.cj.il./h^/^..
^^i^._.^^.Ar0A..
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ii
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35

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P66058RA03540
 (c) A different experiment can be used to place metals in order of reactivity.

I
This is the method.

Step 1 add 1 g of a metal to 25 cm3 of dilute sulfuric acid

^
Step 2 measure the volume of gas produced in one minute

(i) Give two variables that should be controlled in this experiment. nt

1 C^^t^^.,,^^,^/h.^ t:.^r.. ~c cc^

(2)

i
2. M^iC^.^.... ~K::;<:$
^;:'"

(ii) A small piece of calcium is added to some dilute sulfuric acid in a beaker.

One of the products of the reaction, calcium sulfate, is insoluble in water. ^0^
^.^
Suggest why the reaction stops after a short time, even though the beaker still
contains calcium and dilute sulfuric acid.
(1) r
C^.[c.'.^........Ilta.^la^..^^
f^ ^/c'^^n^ ::3C>

1^

^'

•^

1s
M^

36

P66058RA03640
 .//'

(d) 1.00 g of aluminium is added to 0.0600 mol of dilute sulfuric acid.

The equation for the reaction is

;:i 2Al(s) + 3H,SO,(aq) ^ Al,(SO^(aq) + 3H,(g)

Show by calculation that the sulfuric acid is in excess.
(2)
^ "ft

^o[0{At-~ —r(7'0?7^[
i o-6'3 7 V3
.Avffl Of ^ 1
z O'O ^^6 /^ol

i^-
,^^^r^ l^^ \5^ ^^^
i^j
•%ffl^

i
li:'
1^.'

^i§ (Total for Question 11=12 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER =110 MARKS

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37

P -6 -6 0- 58RA03740
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