Muic Reviewer
Muic Reviewer
Muic Reviewer
1st Quarter
Elements of Music • Phase – short musical idea, usually described like a
sentence.
Hornbostel-Sachs Classification of Instruments • Section – a few phrases put together, like a paragraph.
• Form and Structure – describes the order of the
Aerophone – produce sound primarily by causing a sections
body of air to vibrate because of the air blown inside. • Binary Form – a piece of music with 2 sections.
• Ternary Form – a piece of music with 3 sections, but
Chordophone – produce sound through its vibrating the 1st section comes back or “turns” around being the
string or strings that is either plucked, strummed, or last section.
used with a bow.
Harmony
Idiophone – produce sound by the vibration of its body - is the sound created when two or more pitches are
caused by the way they’re being struck, scraped, rubbed, performed at the same time to form a chord.
shaken or plucked. - In modern music, the harmony often comes from
instruments like the guitar and piano.
Membranophone – produce sound primarily by the - These instruments often play chords that support the
way of a vibrating stretched membrane tapped by hands main melody, which is typically performed by a singer.
or sticks.
Melody
Electrophone – produce sounds which are generated by - is a series of pitches that make a tune.
electricity. - based from a succession of scales, such as major scale.
• Heterophonic • Oneat
- occurs when two or more versions of the melody
happening at the same time.
Timbre
- refers to the unique sound quality of an instrument.
- also known as “tone”
Tonality
- refers to the overall sound of the music.
- is an organized system of tones in which one tone
becomes the central point for the remaining tones. – xylophones
- the overall sound of the music as pleasant or
unpleasant. • Kongvong
Cambodia
Angkor Wat
– gong circles
• Chhing
Cambodian Music
- it is also known as “Kampuchea.”
- their music gained a world-wide reputation in the
1960’s.
- art music is highly influenced by ancient forms as well
as Hindu forms.
- music is always part of their court dances, masked – finger cymbals
plays, shadow plays, and religious ceremonies.
Pinpeat Membranophone
- is a Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that
usually accompanies ceremonial music of the royal • Samphor
courts and temples.
Peloq Scale
- is the western scale of Indonesia
- this is much pleasing to the ear almost unlimited in
tones.
- Most of today's music are built on these scales.
- Try playing from C to C then we get the Peloq Scale.
• Skorthom
Gamelan Orchestra
Indonesian Music - are used to accompany dances, songs, and wayang
kulit.
2 Basic Kinds of Indonesian Music Scale - are believed to possess supernatural powers
- consider their instruments sacred, therefore stepping
• Slendro – five (5) equidistant tones in octave. over the instrument is a sign of disrespect. Musicians
• Peloq - heptatonic (7) tone scale with semi-tone. bow before playing their instruments to show respect.
• Vocal music is used as ornamentation of the gamelan.
• Both vocal and instrumental music in Indonesia use It is as important as gamelan.
slendro and pelog scales.
1. Pesidhen - is a female soloist singer who sings with
Slendro Scale gamelan.
- a five tone scale or pentatonic scale. 2. Gerong - refers to the unison male chorus that sings
- it is made up of 5 tones only, the easiest way to find it with the gamelan.
is by playing all the black keys in any order, in any
duration, and in any combination.
Shwedagon Pagoda
• Saung Gauk
Music of Myanmar
- has similarities with many other musical traditions in
the region, including Chinese music and Thai music,
probably because its longest land border is shared with
China.
Malaysia
• Pat Waing
Musical Instruments
Vietnamese Music
• Organized rhythm
Vietnam - is observed as beats are grouped in two’s, three’s,
fours and eights.
- the rhythmic cycle is denoted by the Nhip.
Uses of music
a. To rock a baby to sleep
b. To pray or worship
c. To celebrate weddings
d. To honor a loved one’s birth or death
e. For enjoyment – a moon-shaped long necked lute with two-silk strings.
f. For religious celebrations - used in folk music
• Sac Bua – singing occasion of new year
• Mo – singing to pray for the soul • Dan nhi
Musical Instruments
Aerophones
• Sao
Idiophones
– is a horizontal bamboo flute that has 6 holes
• Trung
• Tieu
• Dan nguyet
– the most popular of this kind is the Nha Nhac that was
popularly performed during the Tran Dynasty to the
Nguyen Dynasty.
- this form of classical music is also performed in honor
of the gods and scholars in temples.
Singapore
• Trong com
Singaporean Music
- in Vietnamese literally means “rice drum.”
- it is tuned by applying rice paste at the center of each Traditional Music of Singapore
head.
- it is related to the mridangam of Southeast Asia and • Music has been an integral part of life in Singapore.
the Cambodian samphor.
- it is played by bare hands. • Music of the modern Singapore is a fusion of rock and
punk music.
Categories of Vietnamese Music • Its traditional music is greatly influenced by the
mixture of the different elements of Indian, Chinese and
• Imperial Court Music Malay sounds as well as Western and Portuguese music.
• Through the years, the music industry in Singapore
grew having Western-influenced performances by the
Singapore Symphony Orchestra as well as ethnic music
performances mainly by the Singapore Chinese
Orchestra.
Thailand
Thon