ISSN(Online): 2319-8753

ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(A High Impact Factor & UGC Approved Journal)
Website: www.ijirset.com

Vol. 6, Issue 9, September 2017

Development of Jhansi as a Smart City

Shahid Raza 1, Dr. A. K. Nigam2
P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, B.I.E.T., Jhansi, India1
Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, B.I.E.T., Jhansi, India2

ABSTRACT: Smart city is defined as the effective integration of physical, digital and human systems in the built
environment to deliver a sustainable, prosperous and inclusive future for its citizens [1]. The concept of smart city
varies from city to city and country to country, depending on level of development, willingness to change and reform.
In India, the definitional boundaries aim at developing the entire urban ecosystem that includes four pillars of
comprehensive development- physical, institutional, social and economic infrastructure.

KEYWORDS:Smart city, Sustainable City, Existing city into smart city, City Indicators, Indian Smart Cities, Future of
Indian Cities, Unplanned city into a Smart City, Green City, Modern Cities of India, Sustainable development.

I. INTRODUCTION

The planning, design and construction of existing or future cities requires an integrated approach of living city with
environment and natural resources, urban development and infrastructure, society and community, governance and
growth. This paper provides various proposal and recommendations for the development of Jhansi as a Smart City.
Jhansi city is already an educational, medical and cultural hub of whole Bundelkhand region. Various people migrate to
Jhansi city in search of job, education or for better health conditions or treatment. This is causing a pressure on
development of Jhansi city to cope up with this increasing unplanned settlement creating an extra burden on available
resources. The profile of Jhansi city is also generated based on the characteristics like demographic profile, climatic
profile, economic profile, infrastructure status, political profile, finance & health and environmental profile.

The major problems of Jhansi city have been identified and studied properly. The main problems of Jhansi city that
drags the city away from its development are unplanned settlement, unemployment, coal based energy generation,
inability to use huge potential solar energy, improper maintenance of parks, slums and houses for poor, intra-city public
bus transport and acute water shortage.

The comprehensive solutions are provided to every major problem addressing benefits from the respective solution.
Various standard city indicators were identified and selection. Information was collected from various sources to
calculate present status of city indicators. After collection of information the city indicators are properly calculated.
Based on assessment of these indicators, the components that require work are indicated and determined.

II. RELATED WORK

According to Jain, A.K (Architect, Town Planner, Planning Commissioner in DDA), the fast and unexpected rise of
cities have caused urban problems and India now struggles with the conditions of today’s existing cities. Thus the
author has shown the importance of adopting an integrated approach towards ecology and conservation of natural
resources as a basis of city planning and development. A balance between citizen demand and freedom versus
environmental sustainability is maintained.[2]

Dubey.S.K et al (2017); emphasized on the sustainability dimensions and indicators for smart city and its application
to examine the participation and role of government for various development activities for smart city and helps in

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0609098 18265

 ISSN(Online): 2319-8753
ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(A High Impact Factor & UGC Approved Journal)
Website: www.ijirset.com

Vol. 6, Issue 9, September 2017

formation of policy and development plans considering the future scenarios. Smart city can be achieved by connecting
the different dimensions and different indicators and make them operational with key participation of the society.[3]

Giffinger, Dr R et al (2007); have prepared city-ranking of European medium sized cities based on their perspectives
of development because medium sized cities have to cope with competition of larger metropolitan cities, although
medium sized cities are less well equipped in terms of critical mass, resources and organizing capacity. City-rankings
are a helpful instrument to improve the competitiveness of medium-sized cities and evaluating economic, social and
environmental conditions in different cities showing their strengths and weaknesses.[4]

Yigitcanlar, T. et al (2015); have highlighted the need of sustainable urban development. Cities and human activities
have affected our ecosystems, thus the sustainable planning, development and management of cities must be
prioritised.[5]

Llacuna, M. et al (2014); have presented a reformed Smart Urban Planning method over traditional planning method
to be used for designing and establishing the distribution and use of urban land by considering the public participation
and opinions.[6]

III. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

3.1 SMART CITY STANDARDIZATION CODES

The following Smart-City Standard codes were referred for evaluating the city and to identify sectors for the scope of
development of Jhansi in a Smart city:

1. IS – Smart Cities – Indian Standard City Indicators Draft:

The standard code for indicators of Smart city for India is drafted by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), However
it is still under process.

2. ISO 37120:2014 Sustainable Development of communities - Indicator for City Services & Quality of Life:
ISO 37120 establishes explanations and approaches for a set of city indicators to direct and measure distribution
of city services and quality of life. It is the latest series of International Standards being developed for a
universal and integrated approach to sustainable development; this set of standardized indicators provides a
uniform approach to what is measured, and how that measurement is to be undertaken.

3. URDPFI Guidelines Vol. I & II 2015 - Town & Country Planning Org, Ministry of Urban Development:
The URDPFI (Urban & Regional Development Plan Formulation & Implementation) guidelines are the set of
guidelines for the development of urban and regional areas including its plan formulation and also
implementation. These Guidelines are published by Town & Country Planning Organisation under Ministry of
Urban Development.

3.2 METHODOLOGY

The methodology used for the study is given step-wise as follows:

1. Identification of Required Standard City Indicators based on IS-Smart Cities Draft derived from IS0 37120:2014:
The required city indicators are identified which are based on Indian Standard smart city indicators draft based
on ISO 37120:2014 - Sustainable Development of communities - Indicator for City Services & Quality of Life.
These indicators are of two types:-
a) Core Indicators
b) Supporting indicators

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0609098 18266

 ISSN(Online): 2319-8753
ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(A High Impact Factor & UGC Approved Journal)
Website: www.ijirset.com

Vol. 6, Issue 9, September 2017

Core indicators are theessential indicators required for steering and assessing the performance management of
city services and quality of life. Supporting indicators include additional indicators that may affect the city
services and quality of life.

2. Data Collection of Information Required forAssessing City Indicators:

To assess the City Indicators, relevant data is collected directly from various online sources, state and district
level organisations such as Census 2011, Municipal Authority- Jhansi Nagar Nigam (JNN),Unified-District
Information System of Education Program (U-DISE) under MHRD, UP Pollution Control Board (UP PCB),
Jhansi Fire Department, Jhansi Development Authority (JDA),UP National Health Rural Mission
(UPNHRM),Regional Transport Office (RTO), Public Works Department (PWD), Jhansi Planning Department-
Economics And Statistics Division (DES), Jhansi Police-District Crime Report Bureau (DCRB) or processed
using information from these sources to calculate City Indicators.

3. Reviewing Present Status of City Indicators:

After collecting data from various sources, City indicators – Core Indicators and Supporting Indicators must be
calculated using the gathered information. However, it is very challenging to gather all the information required
for assessing City Indicators.

4. Proposed Strategy for Area of City by Retrofitting, Redevelopment, Greenfield and Pan-City Development:
Based on the present status of City Indicators, Jhansi can be developed into a smart city by city improvement,
city renewal and city extension:-

a) City Improvement: The method of correcting the insufficiencies in a known area through essential
intrusions is known as retrofitting.

b) City Renewal: Thereconstruction of already constructed area that is not responsive for any interventions
is known as redevelopment.

c) City Extension: Thedevelopment of previously vacant area for poor or evenly planned expanding of
population is known as greenfield development.

5. Map Preparation on ArcMAP 10.5 based on Status of Jhansi City indicators and Proposed development:
Now Maps of Jhansi are prepared from the satellite image of Jhansi city taken from Google earth Pro on a
Software ArcMAP 10.5. The satellite image of Jhansi is geo-referenced prior to further processing of image. The
maps are prepared highlighting the deficiencies and indicating the present status of City indicators on Jhansi
Map.

6. Components Proposed for Development of Smart City Jhansi:

Finally, Components are proposed for the development of Smart City Jhansi by analysing and solving problems
identified during assessment of City Indicators.

Applying these steps, we will be finally able to provide recommendations for development of Jhansi as a Smart City.

3.3 SOFTWARES USED:

The softwares used in paper work are as follows:

1. ESRI ArcGIS ArcMAP 10.5:

ArcMAP 10.5 is used to study and analyse satellite image of Jhansi City. This software is also used for
preparation of Maps of Jhansi City.

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0609098 18267

 ISSN(Online): 2319-8753
ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(A High Impact Factor & UGC Approved Journal)
Website: www.ijirset.com

Vol. 6, Issue 9, September 2017

2. Google Earth Pro:

Google Earth Pro is used to download High definition satellite image of Jhansi City. This image was geo-
referenced in GIS software ArcMAP and was further processed.

3. AutoCAD 2017:
AutoCAD 2017 is used to prepare plans of Low cost houses and buildings that are used for Slum eradication and
providing shelter facilities to the poor and economically weaker sections.

IV. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

The development of Jhansi city into a Smart city will provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to
its citizens, a clean and sustainable environment and with application of ‘Smart’ Solutions. More emphasize is laid on
sustainable and inclusive development and while considering the compact areas and improperly unplanned areas. It is
done by effective smart planning and implementation, smart energy management, smart water solution and waste
minimization, smart IT, Communication and integration and sustainable construction.

Fig. 1 Map prepared usingSatelite Image of Jhansi City, The satellite image was taken from Google Earth Pro and was further
analyzed on ArcMap (a GIS software of ESRI) and finally map of Jhansi city is prepared.

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0609098 18268

 ISSN(Online): 2319-8753
ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(A High Impact Factor & UGC Approved Journal)
Website: www.ijirset.com

Vol. 6, Issue 9, September 2017

Fig. 2 Shows map preparation of Jhansi City using ESRI’s GIS software ArcMAP 10.5.

Fig. 2 Preparation of Map of Jhansi City using ESRI’s GIS software ArcMAP 10.5

V. CONCLUSION

This paper provides various proposal and recommendations for the development of Jhansi as a Smart City. The
major problems of Jhansi city have been identified and studied properly. The main problems of Jhansi city that drags
the city away from its development are:

i) Unplanned settlement
ii) Unemployment,
iii) Coal based energy generation
iv) Inability to use huge potential of solar energy,
v) Improper maintenance of parks
vi) Slums and houses for poor
vii) Intra-city public bus transport
viii) Acute water shortage.

The comprehensive solutions are provided to every major problem addressing benefits from the respective solution.
Based on this assessment of city indicators, strategy for development of area of Jhansi City by Methods of Retrofitting,
Redevelopment, Greenfield and Pan- City Development are proposed and the components requiring solutions are
identified.

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0609098 18269

 ISSN(Online): 2319-8753
ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(A High Impact Factor & UGC Approved Journal)
Website: www.ijirset.com

Vol. 6, Issue 9, September 2017

The solutions for the different components to pave the way for Jhansi to be a Smart city are:

i) Proposal for Special Economic Zone as per Potential Industries.

ii) Solar Power Plant on Pahuj River in Jhansi City.
iii) Green Belt and Green Zones for Jhansi as Green City.
iv) Solar Equipment installation on Building, Sheds and Parks and Playground.
v) Housing for Poor and Slum People.
vi) Intra-City Public Bus Transport Service.
vii) Proposal for Jhansi Airport at Rasra, Jhansi.
viii) Population projection for Next 30 years.
ix) Infrastructure demands for Next 30 years.
x) Potentials for Rainwater harvesting from Roof top area of Buildings.

The softwares used in this paper are: ESRI ArcGIS ArcMAP 10.5 and AutoCAD 2017. ArcMap 10.5 is used to
prepare maps supporting each components of smart city with representation and its location and also for representation
of solutions to problem. The maps prepared are of Existing Industries, Proposed SEZ, Educational Institution, Roof top
area of Buildings, Parks, Hospitals, Tourists Spots, Police Stations, Slum Facilities, Major roads and rails, Proposed
Bus Routes and Bus Stops and Water resources of Jhansi City. This software also helps to generate attribute table of
required information.

REFERENCES
[1] PAS 180: 2014 Smart Cities –Vocabulary, pp. 12, 2014.
[2] Jain, A.K., “A Sustainable Vision for Urban India” India Journal, Institute of Town Planners, pp. 74-89,Oct-Dec 2010.
[3] Dubey, S.K., Sharma.D., “An Overview of Sustainable Dimensions and Indicators for Smart City” Springer, pp. 229-240,2017.
[4] Giffinger, Dr R., Fertner, C., Kramar,H., Meijers, Dr E., “City-ranking of European Medium-Sized Cities” pp. 1-12, 2007.
[5] Yigitcanlar,Tan., Kamruzzaman, M., “Planning, Development and Management of Sustainable Cities” Sustainability,Vol.7, pp. 14677-17688,
2015.
[6] Llacuna, M., Beatriz, M., “Smart Urban Planning: Designing Urban Land Use from Urban Time Use” Journal of Urban Technology, Vol. 21,
pp. 39–56, 2014.

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0609098 18270