10

Second Quarter Module 2

Week 3

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the Development and
Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks
included in the module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be helped to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care.

2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and in checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

1
 Let’s Learn

This module was designed and written to help you understand the basic concepts of circle.
Definitions, theorems and proofs were discussed and illustrated. Set of examples were
included in the lesson to guide the learners on the exercises.

The module contains a lesson namely:

• Relations among chords, arcs, central angles and inscribed angles
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. derive inductively the relations among chords, arcs, central angles and inscribed
angles and
2. prove theorems related to chords, arcs, central angles and inscribed angles.

Let’s Try

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.

For item number 1-4, refer to the figure below.

# is 470. What is the measure of

1. In circle A, the degree measure of minor arc 𝐵𝐷
∠𝐵𝐴𝐷?
A. 450 B. 470 C. 510 D. 940
2. In the circle, the measure of minor arc CD is 1290. What is the measure of
minor arc 𝐵𝐷#?
A. 450 B. 470 C. 510 D. 940

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 3. What is the measure of the inscribed angle ∠𝐵𝐶𝐸 if the measure of arc 𝐵𝐸 # is
760?
A. 340 B. 380 C. 760 D. 1520
4. An inscribed angle is an angle whose vertex lies on the circle and whose sides
contain chords of a circle. In circle A, which angle shows an inscribed angle?
A. ∠𝐵𝐶𝐸 B. ∠𝐵𝐴𝐷 C. ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 D. ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶
5. It is an angle whose vertex is the center of a circle and whose sides intersect
the circle.
A. Acute Angle C. Central Angle
B. Right Angle D. Inscribed Angle
6. What is the degree measure of a semicircle?
A. 900 B. 1200 C. 1800 D. 3600
7. It is an arc which is less than 1800 .
A. Minor Arc C. Semicircle
B. Major Arc D. Circumference

For item numbers 8-10, refer to the figure below.

#.
8. In circle A, If m∠𝐶𝐵𝐸 = 390. Find the measure of 𝐶𝐸
0 0 0
A. 39 B. 78 C. 89 D. 1150
# and 𝐷𝐹
9. If the measure of minor arcs 𝐶𝐷 # are 440 and 1150 respectively, what is
)?
the measure of 𝐶𝐷𝐹
A. 210 B. 440 C. 1150 D. 1590
# and 𝐷𝐹
10. If the measure of minor arcs 𝐶𝐷 # are 440 and 1150 respectively, what is
the measure of 𝐵𝐹#?
A. 210 B. 440 C. 1150 D. 1590

Alternatively, you may answer these questions online! Put your

Use this link on your cellphone, laptop or desktop: score here
https://bit.ly/MATH1023TRY
Use proper capitalization to activate the link. You will see your score
after completing the test. Make sure to screenshot your work as a proof to
your teacher then write your score in the box. Make sure you are connected to the internet!

3
 Lesson
Relations among chords, arcs, central
1 angles and inscribed angles

Problems in Geometry particularly circles usually involved the arcs or circumference

as a part of investigation. This lesson will give emphasis on the relationships exist between
circles and lines or segments. This will lead you to the relationships among the segments of a
circle which guide you to the study on the different angles form.

Let’s Recall

In the figure on the right, A is the center of the circle. Use the definitions to identify the
different parts of a circle.

1. The radius of the circle is a straight line drawn

from the center to the circumference.

####, 𝐴𝐶
Solutions: 𝐴𝐵 ####, and 𝐴𝐷
####

2. The diameter is the length of the line through the center

that touches two points on the edge of the circle.

Solution: ####
𝐵𝐶

3. The chord is a straight segment joining two points on the

Circumference points of a circle. Diameter is a
special kind of chord passing through the center.

#### and ####

Solutions: 𝐶𝐸 𝐵𝐸

4. An arc is a part of the circumference between two points or a continuous piece of a

circle.
A Major Arc is an arc of a circle that is larger than semicircle of the circle. Major arcs are
named with the letters of three points- the first and last are the endpoints and the middle
letter is any other point on the arc. The Longer arc between C and E is a major arc, it
may be written as 𝑪𝑫𝑬* or 𝑪𝑩𝑬*.
A Minor Arc is the shorter arc joining two point on the circumference of a circle.
The arc between C and E is a minor arc CE or 𝑪𝑬 ,.

, , 𝐶𝐷
Solutions: 𝐶𝐸 , , 𝐵𝐷
, are minor arcs
* or 𝐶𝐵𝐸
𝐶𝐷𝐸 * are major arcs

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 A semi-circle is an arc which is half of the circumference.
* or 𝐶𝐷𝐵
Solutions: 𝐶𝐸𝐵 *

5. A secant line is a line passing through two points of a circle.

Solution: ⃖....⃗
𝐵𝐸

6. A tangent line is a line coplanar with the circle and intersects at one and only one point.
It does not intersect or pass through the curve.

Solutions: In circle A, ⃖....⃗

𝐺𝐹 is a tangent line and D is called the point of tangency. The
point of tangency only touches the circle at one point.

7. A central angle is the angle that forms when two radii meet at the center of a circle.

Solution: ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 or ∠𝐵𝐴𝐷

8. An inscribed angle is an angle that is subtended at a point on a circle by two identified

points on a circle.

Solution: ∠𝐵𝐶𝐸

9. The Circumference of a circle is the distance around or the perimeter of the

circle.

Let’s Explore

Activity 1 Use the figure at the right to identify the other parts of the circle.

1. Name all chords.

2. Name all semicircles.
3. Name all central angles.
4. Name all inscribed angles.
5. Name 3 minor arcs.
6. Name 3 major arcs.

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 Let’s Focus & Explain

Arc is a set of all points between the two points in the circle
An arc can be classified as

A. Minor Arc is an arc which measures less than half of the circle or less than 180°.
B. Major Arc is an arc whose measure is greater than half of the circle or greater
than 180°.
C. Semicircle is an arc whose measure is half of the circle or 180°.
Degree is used as a unit to measure an arc.
Central Angle is an angle whose vertex is located on the center of the circle.
Inscribed Angle is an angle whose vertex is a point on the circle.
Chord is a line segment whose endpoints are points on the circle.

Illustrative Example I
Figure 1 at the right is a circle whose center is at point P and its identified parts:
, , 𝐴𝐵𝐶
Arcs: 𝐴𝐵 * , 𝐴𝐹
, , 𝐴𝐹𝐸
* , 𝐵𝐶𝐷
* , 𝐵𝐶𝐸
*

Minor Arcs: , or 𝐴𝐵𝐶

𝐴𝐶 * , 𝐵𝐷
, or 𝐵𝐶𝐷
* , 𝐶𝐸
, or 𝐶𝐷𝐸
*

Major Arcs: * , 𝐹𝐵𝐶

𝐴𝐶𝐸 * , 𝐹𝐴𝐸
* , 𝐵𝐴𝐸
*

Central Angles: ∠𝐴𝑃𝐹, ∠𝐵𝑃𝐴, ∠𝐷𝑃𝐵, ∠𝐴𝑃𝐷, ∠𝐹𝑃𝐷

Inscribed Angles: ∠𝐶𝐸𝐷, ∠𝐴𝐹𝐸, ∠𝐵𝐷𝐸, ∠𝐹𝐸𝐶

Illustrative Example II
Identify the names of the following parts of the circle using the figure at the right.

1. ####
𝐴𝐶 and ####𝐴𝐺 is/are _____________.
2. , *
𝐵𝐶 or 𝐵𝐺𝐶 is a _______________.
3. ∠𝐸𝐷𝐶 and ∠𝐹𝐶𝐵 are ______________.
4. ####
𝐹𝐶 is ______________.
5. #### #### , ####
𝐷𝐸 , 𝐷𝐶 𝐸𝐵 are _________________.
6. ∠𝐶𝐴𝐺 is a _________________.

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The Arc Addition Postulate
The measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs is the sum of the measures of the two
arcs.
*.
Example: Given point C on arc BD, find 𝐵𝐶𝐷
Solution:
Using the arc addition postulate,
* = m𝐶𝐷
m𝐵𝐶𝐷 , + m𝐵𝐶
,

* = 1100 + 200
m𝐵𝐶𝐷
* = 1300
m𝐵𝐶𝐷
The measure of arc BCD is 1300.

The Central Angle Theorem

The measure of a central angle of a circle is equal to the measure of its intercepted arc.
, is the arc intercepted
Given ⨀P. ∠𝑂𝑃𝑄 is a central angle. 𝑂𝑄
by the central angle.
Guide Question:
,?
1. What is the measure of 𝑂𝑄

Solution:
The central angle has the same measure with the intercepted arc in the same circle.
Therefore, m∠𝑶𝑷𝑸 = m𝑶𝑸 , = 1100.

The Inscribed Angle Theorem

The measure of an inscribed angle is one-half the measure of its intercepted arc.
, is the arc intercepted
Given ⨀P. ∠𝑄𝑅𝑆 is an inscribed angle. 𝑄𝑆
by the inscribed angle.
Guide Question:

1. What is the measure of ∠𝑄𝑅𝑆?

Solution:
!
By the theorem, ∠𝑄𝑅𝑆 = , .
𝑚𝑄𝑆
"
!
Therefore, 𝑚∠𝑄𝑅𝑆 = "
(1100)

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 𝑚∠𝑄𝑅𝑆 = 550

Corollaries to the Inscribed Angle Theorem

Corollary 1: An angle inscribed in a semicircle is a right angle.
* is a semicircle, then ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶 is a right angle.
If 𝐵𝐷𝐶

Corollary 2: The opposite angles of a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle are supplementary.

If quadrilateral BCED is inscribed in the circle, then
m∠𝐸 + m∠𝐵 = 1800
m∠𝐶 + m∠𝐷 = 1800
Example: If m∠𝐸 = 1250, m∠𝐵 = 550, m∠𝐶 = 880, what is
the measure of ∠𝐷?
Solutions:

m∠𝐶 + m∠𝐷 = 1800

880 + m∠𝐷 = 1800
m∠𝐷 = 1800 – 880
m∠𝐷 = 920
Note: A quadrilateral inscribed in a circle is
called a cyclic quadrilateral

Corollary 3: Two inscribed angles that intercept the same arc are congruent.
,,
If ∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 and ∠𝐶𝐸𝐷 are inscribed angles intercepting 𝐶𝐷
then ∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐸𝐷.

, is 1040, then
Example: If the measure of 𝐶𝐷
1
𝑚∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 = ,
𝑚𝐶𝐷
2
!
𝑚∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 = "(1040)

𝑚∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 = 520, since ∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐸𝐷, then m∠𝐶𝐸𝐷 = 520.

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Example 1
Circle P below shows the different parts of the circle. The table shows the measures
of central angle, inscribed angle and its intercepted arc.

Table 1 below shows the measures of Central Angle and its Intercepted Arc

Central Angle Intercepted Arc Central Angle Intercepted Arc

Measure Measure Measure Measure
𝑚∠𝐴𝑃𝐹 = 950 , = 950
𝑚𝐴𝐹 𝑚∠𝐴𝑃𝐷 = 1250 𝑚𝐴𝐷, = 1250

𝑚∠𝐵𝑃𝐴 = 550 , = 550

𝑚𝐴𝐵 𝑚∠𝐹𝑃𝐷 = 1600 , = 1600
𝑚𝐹𝐷

Guide Question:
Based on table 1, what is the relationship between the measure of central angle and its
intercepted arc?

Table 2 below shows the measures of Inscribed angle and its Intercepted Arc

Inscribed Angle Intercepted Arc Inscribed Angle Intercepted Arc

Measure Measure Measure Measure
𝑚∠𝐶𝐸𝐷 = 200 , = 400
𝑚𝐶𝐷 𝑚∠𝐸𝐹𝐴 = 900 𝑚𝐴𝐸, = 1800

𝑚∠𝐸𝐶𝐷 = 250 , = 500

𝑚𝐷𝐸 𝑚∠𝐹𝐸𝐶 = 850 , = 1700
𝑚𝐹𝐶

Guide Question:
Based on table 2, what is the relationship between the measure of inscribed angle and its
intercepted arc?
Example 2
In the figure at the right, if 𝑚∠𝐴𝑃𝐵 = 30# and 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐶 = 25# .
Find the measures of the following:
a. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐶𝐵
,
b. 𝑚𝐷𝐶

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 ,
c. 𝑚𝐵𝐶
Solutions:
!
$
a. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = 𝑚𝐴𝐵
"
!
𝑚∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = (300 )
"
𝑚∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = 150

!
$
b. 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐶 = 𝑚𝐷𝐶
"
!
$
250 = 𝑚𝐷𝐶
"
2(250) = $
𝑚𝐷𝐶
500 = $
𝑚𝐷𝐶
# = 300 and 𝑚𝐷𝐶
c. If 𝑚𝐴𝐵 # = 500, then
# = 1800 – ( 300 + 500)
𝑚𝐵𝐶
# = 1800 – 800
𝑚𝐵𝐶
# = 1000
𝑚𝐵𝐶

Example 3
Given circle A, show that 𝑚∠𝐶𝐷𝐵 = 900.
" = 1800
𝑚𝐵𝐶 Definition of a semicircle
!
𝑚∠𝐶𝐷𝐵 = $
𝑚𝐵𝐶 Inscribed Angle Theorem
"
!
𝑚∠𝐶𝐷𝐵 = (1800) Substitution Property of Equality
"

𝑚∠𝐶𝐷𝐵 = 900 Multiplication Property of Equality

Example 4
!
Given circle A, show that 𝑚∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝐷
"
#
𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 = 𝑚𝐶𝐷 Central Angle Theorem
!
∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = !
𝑚𝐶𝐷 Inscribed Angle Theorem
"
!
∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 Substitution Property Of Equality
"
If 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 = 880, find the measure of ∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 .
!
𝑚∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝐷
"

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 !
𝑚∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = !
𝑚𝐶𝐷
"
!
𝑚∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = (880)
"
𝑚∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = 440

For interactive approach of the lesson, the links listed below are videos regarding the
relationships exist between the circle and the lines or segment.
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YElEMkzd97g
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVRHkW9wK-Y
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8g5grYXSE_E

Let’s Dig In

Use the given figures to answer what is being asked.

# = 70, and 𝑚𝐶𝐷
A. In circle P at the right, 𝑚𝐴𝐵 # = 50.
Find the measures of the following arcs and angles.

1. 𝑚∠𝐴𝑃𝐵 "
6. 𝑚𝐵𝐶

2. 𝑚∠𝐵𝑃𝐶 #
7. 𝑚𝐴𝐵𝐶

3. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 "
8. 𝑚𝐶𝐷

4. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 #
9. 𝑚𝐴𝐶𝐷
5. 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐶 10. 𝑚∠𝐶𝑃𝐷
B. Find the measure of ∠𝑥.
1. __________ 2. ____________ 3. _____________

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 Let’s Remember

The Central Angle Theorem

The measure of a central angle of a circle is equal to the measure of its intercepted
arc.
The Inscribed Angle Theorem
The measure of an inscribed angle is one-half the measure of its intercepted arc.
Corollaries to the Inscribed Angle Theorem
Corollary 1: An angle inscribed in a semicircle is a right angle.
Corollary 2: The opposite angles of a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle are supplementary.
Corollary 3: Two inscribed angles that intercept the same arc are congruent.

Let’s Apply

A. Use the figures below to find the measure of the unknown variables.

1. 2. 3.

B. Read the following problems carefully then solve what is being asked.

1. The windshield wiper of a car moves sideward direction and created an angle of 1200.
What is the measure of its intercepted arc?

2. Maria is at the center of the circular golf area. From the center there are three distinct
points in which she can shoot the golf ball (see the illustration below). Maria calculated
that the arc length of points C and D is 960. What is the measures of ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 and
∠𝐶𝐵𝐷?

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 3. A quadrilateral bench is inscribed in a circular park where people can seat and relax.
The measure of two opposite corners are 880 and 920 respectively. If the other corner
of the bench measures 1020, what is the measure of its opposite corner?

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.
1. It is an arc which measures less than half of the circle or less than 180°.
A. Major Arc C. Semicircle
B. Minor Arc D. Circumference
2. It is one-half the measure of its intercepted arc.
A. Central Angle C. Inscribed Angle
B. Right Angle D. Obtuse Angle
For items number 3-5, refer to the figure below.

3. In circle A above, arc CB is 550. What is the measure of ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 ?

A. 400 B. 550 C. 600 D. 800
4. In the figure above, the measures of arcs DC and BC are 1010 and 550 respectively.
What is the measure of ∠𝐵𝐸𝐷 ?
A. 580 B. 680 C. 780 D. 1560
# = 550 and 𝐵𝐸
5. If 𝐵𝐶 # = 850, what is the measure of ∠𝐶𝐷𝐸 ?
0
A. 70 B. 880 C. 980 D. 1060

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For item number 6-9, refer to the figure below.

, is 460. What is the measure of ∠𝐵𝐴𝐷?

6. In circle A, the degree measure of minor arc 𝐵𝐷
A. 460 B. 470 C. 510 D. 940
7. In the circle, the measure of minor arc CD is 1320. What is the measure of
minor arc 𝐵𝐷 "?
0
A. 45 B. 470 C. 480 D. 940
8. What is the measure of the inscribed angle ∠𝐵𝐶𝐸 if the measure of arc BE is
980?
A. 340 B. 460 C. 490 D. 1520
9. A central angle of a circle is equal to the measure of its intercepted arc. In circle
A, which angle shows a central angle?
A. ∠𝐵𝐶𝐸 B. ∠𝐵𝐴𝐷 C. ∠𝐸𝐶𝐵 D. ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶
10. What is the measure of the opposite angles of a quadrilateral inscribed on a circle?
A. Supplementary B. Complementary C. Opposite D. 3600

Alternatively, you may answer these questions online! Put your

Use this link on your cellphone, laptop or desktop: score here
https://bit.ly/MATH1023EVAL
Use proper capitalization to activate the link. You will see your score
after completing the test. Make sure to screenshot your work as a proof to
your teacher then write your score in the box. Make sure you are connected to the internet!

Let’s Extend

Based on the link stated above,

1. What relationship (in terms of angle measure) exists between the central angle and the
inscribed angle intercepting the same arc on a circle?
2. What can you say about the relationship between a pair of opposite angles of a
quadrilateral inscribed in a circle?

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3. If more than two inscribed angles shared a common intercepted arc, what relationship
exists between their respective angles?
References

Oronce, Orlando (1996). Mathematics – Concepts, Structures, and Methods for

High School. Rex Publishing Store Inc.
Douglas, F.R. (2009). Geometry. 6th Edition, Cengage Learning Asia
Bautista, E. P. et. al (1993). Numlock IV. First Edition. Trinitas Publishing Inc.
CK-12 Foundation (2013). Inscribed Quadrilaterals in Circle. Retrieved on August
15, 2020 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8g5grYXSE_E
CK-Foundation (2014). Inscribed Angles in the Circle. Retrieved on August
15, 2020 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVRHkW9wK-Y
Alexander G. Lopez, et al., (2014), “Conceptual Math & Beyond 10”, Brilliant
Creations Publishing, Inc.
The Organic Chemistry Tutor (2017). Central and Inscribed Angles.
Retrieved on August 15, 2020 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YElEMkzd97g
Retrieved on November 10, 2020 from
https://www.emathzone.com/tutorials/geometry/the-circle-and-parts-of-a-circle.html
Retrieved on November 11, 2020 from https://www.texasgateway.org/resource/using-logical-
reasoning-prove-conjectures-about-circles

15
 Development Team of the Module
Writer: ARMANDO V. EROLIN
JULIUS B. PESPES
Editors:
Content: JEREMY F. NASTOR
Language: JACQUILINE M. RODRIGUEZ

Reviewer: GINA C. FRANCISCO

DINA M. VALDORIA
JENNICA ALEXIS B. SABADO
DR. MELEDA POLITA

Illustrator: ARMANDO V. EROLIN

JULIUS B. PESPES
Layout Artist: JENNICA ALEXIS B. SABADO
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
MRS. MIRASOL I. RONGAVILLA –EPS MATH
DR. DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS – LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig City and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: [email protected]

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