Chapter Practice Problems

ONLY ONE OPTION IS CORRECT.

Take approx. 2 minutes for answering each question.

Q.1 Overall changes in volume and radii of a uniform cylindrical steel wire are 0.2% and 0.002% respectively
when subjected to some suitable force. Longitudinal tensile stress acting on the wire is
(Y = 2.0 × 1011 Nm–2)
(A) 3.2 × 109 Nm–2 (B) 3.2 × 107 Nm–2 (C) 3.6 × 109 Nm–2
(D) 3.6 × 107 Nm–2 (E) 4.08 × 103 Nm–3

Q.2 A solid sphere of radius R made of of material of bulk modulus K is surrounded by a liquid in a cylindrical
container. A massless piston of area A floats on the surface of the liquid. When a mass m is placed on
the piston to compress the liquid, the fractional change in the radius of the sphere R/R is
(A) mg/AK (B) mg/3AK (C) mg/A (D) mg/3AR

Q.3 A cylindrical wire of radius 1 mm, length 1 m, Young’s modulus = 2 × 10 11 N/m2, poisson’s ratio
 =/10 is stretched by a force of 100 N. Its radius will become
(A) 0.99998 mm (B) 0.99999 mm (C) 0.99997 mm (D) 0.99995 mm

Q.4 A uniform rod rotating in gravity free region with certain constant angular velocity. The variation of tensile
stress with distance x from axis of rotation is best represented by which of the following graphs.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.5 A metallic wire of length L is fixed between two rigid supports. If the wire is cooled through a temperature
difference T (Y = young’s modulus,  = density,  = coefficient of linear expansion) then the frequency
of transverse vibration is proportional to :

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

 Y  
(A) Y (B) (C) (D)
 Y Y

Q.6 A metal wire is clamped between two vertical walls. At 20 °C the unstrained length of the wire is exactly
equal to the separation between walls. If the temperature of the wire is decreased the graph between
elastic energy density (u) and temperature (T) of the wire is

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.7 A rod of length 2m rests on smooth horizontal floor. If the rod is heated from 0°C to 20°C. Find the
longitudinal strain developed? ( = 5 × 10–5/°C)
(A) 10–3 (B) 2 × 10–3 (C) Zero (D) None

Q.8 The load versus strain graph for four wires of the same material is shown in the
figure. The thickest wire is represented by the line
(A) OB (B) OA (C) OD (D) OC

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.9 A steel tape gives correct measurement at 20°C. A piece of wood is being measured with the steel tape
at 0°C. The reading is 25 cm on the tape, the real length of the given piece of wood must be:
(A) 25 cm (B) <25 cm (C) >25 cm (D) can not say

Q.10 A rod of length 20 cm is made of metal. It expands by 0.075 cm when its temperature is raised from
0°C to 100°C. Another rod of a different metal B having the same length expands by 0.045 cm for
the same change in temperature, a third rod of the same length is composed of two parts one of
metal A and the other of metal B. Thus rod expand by 0.06 cm.for the same change in temperature.
The portion made of metal A has the length :
(A) 20 cm (B) 10 cm (C) 15 cm (D) 18 cm

Q.11 A sphere of diameter 7 cm and mass 266.5 gm floats in a bath of a liquid. As the temperature is raised,
the sphere just begins to sink at a temperature 35°C. If the density of a liquid at 0°C is 1.527 gm/cc, then
neglecting the expansion of the sphere, the coefficient of cubical expansion of the liquid is f :
(A) 8.486 × 104 per 0C (B) 8.486 × 105 per 0C
(C) 8.486 × 106 per 0C (D) 8.486 × 103 per 0C
Q.12 The volume of the bulb of a mercury thermometer at 0°C is V0 and cross section of the capillary is A0.
The coefficient of linear expansion of glass is ag per °C and the cubical expansion of mercury m per °C.
If the mercury just fills the bulb at 0°C, what is the length of mercury column in capillary at T°C.

V0T  m 3ag  
V0 T  m 3ag 
V0 T  m 2ag  
V0 T  m 2ag 
(A) A 0 12ag T  (B) A0 12ag T  (C) A0 13ag T  (D) A0 13ag T 

Q.13 A metallic rod l cm long with a square cross-section is heated through 1°C. If Young’s modulus of
elasticity of the metal is E and the mean coefficient of linear expansion is  per degree Celsius, then the
compressional force required to prevent the rod from expanding along its length is :(Neglect the change
of cross-sectional area)
(A) EAt (B) EAt/(1 + t) (C) EAt/(1t) (D) E/t

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

Q.14 The loss in weight of a solid when immersed in a liquid at 0°C is W0 and at t°C is W. If cubical coefficient
of expansion of the solid and the liquid by S and 1 respectively, then W is equal to :
(A) W0 [1 + ( s – l) t] (B) W0 [1 - (s – l)t]
(C) W0 [( s – l) t] (D) W0t/(s – l)

Q.15 A thin walled cylindrical metal vessel of linear coefficient of expansion 10–3 °C–1 contains benzenr of
volume expansion coefficient 10–3°C–1. If the vessel and its contents are now heated by 10°C, the
pressure due to the liquid at the bottom.
(A) increases by 2% (B) decreases by 1% (C) decreases by 2% (D) remains unchanged

Q.16 A rod of length 2m at 0°C and having expansion coefficient  = (3x + 2) × 10–6 °C–1 where x is the
distance (in cm) from one end of rod. The length of rod at 20°C is :
(A) 2.124 m (B) 3.24 m (C) 2.0120 m (D) 3.124 m
Q.17 A copper ring has a diameter of exactly 25 mm at its temperature of 0°C. An aluminium sphere has a
diameter of exactly 25.05 mm at its temperature of 100°C. The sphere is placed on top of the ring and
two are allowed to come to thermal equilibrium, no heat being lost to the surrounding. The sphere just
passes through the ring at the equilibrium temperature. The ratio of the mass of the sphere & ring is :
(given : Cu = 17 × 10–6 /°C, Al = 2.3 × 10–5 /°C, specific heat of Cu = 0.0923 Cal/g°C and specific
heat of Al = 0.215 cal/g°C)
(A) 1/5 (B) 23/108 (C) 23/54 (D) 216/23
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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.18 A cuboid ABCDEFGH is anisotropic with x = 1 × 10–5 /°C,
y = 2 × 10–5 /°C, z = 3 × 10–5 /°C. Coefficient of superficial
expansion of faces can be
(A) ABCD = 5 × 10–5 /°C (B) BCGH = 4 × 10–5 /°C
(C) CDEH = 3 × 10–5 /°C (D) EFGH = 2 × 10–5 /°C

Q.19 An open vessel is filled completely with oil which has same coefficient of volume expansion as that of the
vessel. On heating both oil and vessel,
(A) the vessel can contain more volume and more mass of oil
(B) the vessel can contain same volume and same mass of oil
(C) the vessel can contain same volume but more mass of oil
(D) the vessel can contain more volume but same mass of oil

Q.20 A metal ball immersed in Alcohol weights W1 at 0°C and W2 at 50°C. The coefficient of cubical expansion
of the metal ()m is less than that of alcohol ()Al. Assuming that density of metal is large compared to
that of alcohol, it can be shown that
(A) W1 > W2 (B) W1 = W2 (C) W1 < W2 (D) any of (A) , (B) or (C)

Q.21 A solid ball is completely immersed in a liquid. The coefficients of volume expansion of the ball and liquid
are 3 × 10–6 and 8 × 10–6 per °C respectively. The percentage change in upthrust when the temperature
is increased by 100 °C is
(A) 0.5 % (B) 0.11 % (C) 1.1 % (D) 0.05 %

Q.22 A thin copper wire of length L increase in length by 1% when heated from temperature T1 to T2. What is the
percentage change in area when a thin copper plate having dimensions 2L× L is heated from T1 to T2?
(A) 1% (B) 2% (C) 3% (D) 4%

Q.23 If two rods of length L and 2L having coefficients of linear expansion  and 2 respectively are connected
so that total length becomes 3L, the average coefficient of linear expansion of the composition rod
equals:

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

3 5 5
(A)  (B)  (C)  (D) none of these
2 2 3

Q.24 The bulk modulus of copper is 1.4 × 10 11 Pa and the coefficient of linear expansion is
1.7 × 10–5 (C°)–1. What hydrostatic pressure is necessary to prevent a copper block from expanding
when its temperature is increased from 20°C to 30°C?
(A) 6.0 × 105 Pa (B) 7.1 × 107 Pa (C) 5.2 × 106 Pa (D) 40 atm

Q.25 The coefficients of thermal expansion of steel and a metal X are respectively 12 × 10 –6 and
2 × 10–6 per°C. At 40°C, the side of a cube of metal X was measured using a steel vernier callipers. The
reading was 100 mm. Assuming that the calibration of the vernier was done at 0°C, then the actual length
of the side of the cube at 0°C will be
(A) > 100 mm (B) < 100 mm (C) = 100 mm (D) data insufficient to conclude

Q.26 A glass flask contains some mercury at room temperature. It is found that at different temperatures the
volume of air inside the flask remains the same. If the volume of mercury in the flask is 300 cm3, then
volume of the flask is (given that coefficient of volume expansion of mercury and coefficient of linear
expansion of glass are 1.8 × 10–4 (°C)–1 and 9 × 10–6 (°C)–1 respectively)
(A) 4500 cm3 (B) 450 cm3 (C) 2000 cm3 (D) 6000 cm3
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 Chapter Practice Problems
Question No. 27 to 31 (5 question)
Solids and liquids both expand on heating. The density of substance decreases on expanding according
to the relation
1
2 
1   (T2  T1 )
where, 1 — density at T1
2 — density at T2
 —coeff. of volume expansion of substances
when a solid is submerged in a liquid, liquid exerts an upward force on solid which is equal to the weight
of liquid displaced by submerged part of solid.
Solid will float or sink depends on relative densities of solid and liquid.
A cubical block of solid floats in a liquid with half of its volume submerged in liquid as shown in figure
(at temperature T)

S — coeff. of linear expansion of solid

L — coeff. of volume expansion of liquid
S — density of solid at temp. T
L — density of liquid at temp. T
Q.27 The relation between densities of solid and liquid at temperature T is
(A) S = 2L (B) S = (1/2)L (C) S = L (D) S = (1/4)L

Q.28 If temperature of system increases, then fraction of solid submerged in liquid

(A) increases (B) decreases (C) remains the same (D) inadequate information

Q.29 Imagine fraction submerged does not change on increasing temperature the relation between L and S is
(A) L = 3S (B) L = 2S (C) L = 4S (D) L = (3/2)S

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

Q.30 Imagine the depth of the block submerged in the liquid does not change on increasing temperature then
(A) L = 2 (B) L = 3 (C) L = (3/2) (D) L = (4/3)

Q.31 Assume block does not expand on heating. The temperature at which the block just begins to sink in
liquid is
(A) T + 1/L (B) T + 1/(2L) (C) T + 2/L (D) T + L/2

Q.32 The coefficient of apparent expansion of a liquid in a copper vessel is C and in a silver vessel is S. The
coefficient of volume expansion of copper is c. What is the coefficient of linear expansion of silver?
(C   c  S) ( C   c  S) (C   c  S) (C   c  S)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 3 3

Q.33 An aluminium container of mass 100 gm contains 200 gm of ice at – 20°C. Heat is added to the system
at the rate of 100 cal/s. The temperature of the system after 4 minutes will be (specific heat of ice = 0.5
and L = 80 cal/gm, specific heat of Al = 0.2 cal/gm/°C)
(A) 40.5°C (B) 25.5°C (C) 30.3°C (D) 35.0°C

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 Chapter Practice Problems
0
Q.34 A thermally insulated vessel contains some water at 0 C. The vessel is connected to a vacuum pump to
pump out water vapour. This results in some water getting frozen. It is given Latent heat of vaporization
of water at 0°C =21 × 105 J/kg and latent heat of freezing of water = 3.36 × 105 J/kg. The maximum
percentage amount of water that will be solidified in this manner will be
(A) 86.2% (B) 33.6% (C) 21% (D) 24.36%

Q.35 A block of mass 2.5 kg is heated to temperature of 500°C and placed on a large ice block. What is the
maximum amount of ice that can melt (approx.). Specific heat for the body = 0.1 Cal/gm°C.
(A) 1 kg (B) 1.5 kg (C) 2 kg (D) 2.5 kg

Q.36 10 gm of ice at 0°C is kept in a calorimeter of water equivalent 10 gm. How much heat should be
supplied to the apparatus to evaporate the water thus formed? (Neglect loss of heat)
(A) 6200 cal (B) 7200 cal (C) 13600 cal (D) 8200 cal

Q.37 Heat is being supplied at a constant rate to a sphere of ice which is melting at the rate of 0.1 gm/sec. It
melts completely in 100 sec. The rate of rise of temperature thereafter will be
(Assume no loss of heat.)
(A) 0.8 °C/sec (B) 5.4 °C/sec (C) 3.6 °C/sec (D) will change with time

Q.38 1 kg of ice at – 10°C is mixed with 4.4 kg of water at 30°C. The final temperature of mixture is :
(specific heat of ice is 2100 J/kg/k)
(A) 2.3°C (B) 4.4°C (C) 5.3°C (D) 8.7°C

Q.39 Steam at 100°C is added slowly to 1400 gm of water at 16°C until the temperature of water is raised to
80°C. The mass of steam required to do this is (LV = 540 cal/gm) :
(A) 160 gm (B) 125 mg (C) 250 gm (D) 320 gm

Q.40 A 2100 W continuous flow geyser (instant geyser) has water inlet temperature = 10°C while the water
flows out at the rate of 20 g/sec. The outlet temperature of water must be about
(A) 20°C (B) 30°C (C) 35°C (D) 40°C

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

Q.41 A continuous flow water heater (geyser) has an electrical power rating = 2 kW and efficienty of conversion
of electrical power into heat = 80%. If water is flowing through the device at the rate of 100 cc/sec, and
the inlet temperature is 10°C, the outlet temperature will be
(A) 12.2°C (B) 13.8°C (C) 20°C (D) 16.5°C

Q.42 Ice at 0°C is added to 200 g of water initially at 70°C in a vacuum flask. When 50 g of ice has been
added and has all melted the temperature of the flask and contents is 40°C. When a further 80g of ice
has been added and has all metled, the temperature of the whole is 10°C. Calculate the specific latent
heat of fusion of ice.[Take Sw =1 cal /gm °C.]
( A ) 3
5 J/ kg
. 8 ×(B) 1.2 ×105 J/ kg
1 0 (C) 2.4 ×105 J/ kg (D) 3.0 ×105 J/ kg

Q.43 A solid material is supplied with heat at a constant rate. The temperature of
material is changing with heat input as shown in the figure. What does slope DE
represent.
(A) latent heat of liquid
(B) latent heat of vapour
(C) heat capacity of vapour
(D) inverse of heat capacity of vapour

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.44 Two vertical glass tubes filled with a liquid are connected by a capillary
tube as shown in the figure. The tube on the left is put in an ice bath at
0°C while the tube on the right is kept at 30°C in a water bath. The
difference in the levels of the liquid in the two tubes is 4 cm while the
height of the liquid column at 0°C is 120 cm. The coefficient of volume
expansion of liquid is (Ignore expansion of glass tube)
(A) 22 × 10–4/°C (B) 1.1 × 10–4/°C
–4
(C) 11 × 10 /°C (D) 2.2 × 10–4/°C

Q.45 A system S receives heat continuously from an electrical heater of power 10W. The temperature of S
becomes constant at 50°C when the surrounding temperature is 20°C. After the heater is switched off,
S cools from 35.1°C to 34.9°C in 1 minute. The heat capacity of S is
(A) 100J/°C (B) 300J/°C (C) 750J/°C (D) 1500J/°C

Q.46 A block of ice with mass m falls into a lake. After impact, a mass of ice m/5 melts. Both the block of ice
and the lake have a temperature of 0°C. If L represents the heat of fusion, the minimum distance the ice
fell before striking the surface is
L 5L gL mL
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5g g 5m 5g

Q.47 The specific heat of a metal at low temperatures varies according to S = aT3 where a is a constant and
T is the absolute temperature. The heat energy needed to raise unit mass of the metal from
T = 1 K to T = 2 K is
15 a 2a 12 a
(A) 3 a (B) (C) (D)
4 3 5

Q.48 The graph shown in the figure represent change in the temperature of 5
kg of a substance as it abosrbs heat at a constant rate of 42 kJ min–1.
The latent heat of vapourazation of the substance is :

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

(A) 630 kJ kg–1
(B) 126 kJ kg–1
(C) 84 kJ kg–1
(D) 12.6 kJ kg–1

Q.49 The density of a material A is 1500 kg/m3 and that of another material B is 2000 kg/m3. It is found that
the heat capacity of 8 volumes of A is equal to heat capacity of 12 volumes of B. The ratio of specific
heats of A and B will be
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 3 : 1 (C) 3 : 2 (D) 2 : 1

Q.50 Find the amount of heat supplied to decrease the volume of an ice water mixture by 1 cm3 without any
change in temperature. (ice = 0.9 water, Lice = 80 cal/gm).
(A) 360 cal (B) 500 cal (C) 720 cal (D) none of these

Q.51 Some steam at 100°C is passed into 1.1 kg of water contained in a calorimeter of water equivalent
0.02 kg at 15°C so that the temperature of the calorimeter and its contents rises to 80°C. What is the
mass of steam condensing. (in kg)
(A) 0.130 (B) 0.065 (C) 0.260 (D) 0.135

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.52 One end of a 2.35m long and 2.0cm radius aluminium rod (K = 235 W.m1K1) is held at 200C. The other
end of the rod is in contact with a block of ice at its melting point. The rate in kg.s1 at which ice melts is
(A) 48 × 106 (B) 24 × 106 (C) 2.4 × 106 (D) 4.8 × 106
10
[Take latent heat of fusion for ice as ×105 J.kg1]
3

Q.53 Four rods of same material with different radii r and length l are used to connect two reservoirs of heat
at different temperatures. Which one will conduct most heat ?
(A) r =2cm, l =0.5m (B) r = 2cm, l = 2m (C) r =0.5cm, l =0.5m (D) r = 1 cm, l = 1 m

Q.54 A cylinder of radius R made of a material of thermal conductivity k1 is surrounded by a cylindrical shell
of inner radius R and outer radius 2R made of a material of thermal conductivity k2. The two ends of
the combined system are maintained at different temperatures. There is no loss of heat from the cylindrical
surface and the system is in steady state. The effective thermal conductivity of the system is
k1k 2 1 1
(A) k1 + k2 (B) (C) (k1 + 3k2) (D) (3k + k2)
k1  k 2 4 4

Q.55 Heat is conducted across a composite block of two slabs of thickness d

and 2d. Their thermal conductivities are 2k and k respectively. All the heat A E C
entering the face AB leaves from the face CD. The temperature in °C of
the junction EF of the two slabs is :
(A) 20 (B) 50 (C) 60 (D)80 B F D

Q.56 A sphere of ice at 0°C having initial radius R is placed in an environment having ambient temperature > 0°C.
The ice melts uniformly, such that shape remains spherical. After a time ‘t’ the radius of the sphere has
reduced to r. Assuming the rate of heat absorption is proportional to the surface area of the sphere at any
moment, which graph best depicts r (t).

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.57 A rod of length L and uniform cross-sectional area has varying thermal conductivity which changes
linearly from 2K at end A to K at the other end B. The ends A and B of the rod are maintained at constant
temperature 100°C and 0°C, respectively. At steady state, the graph of temperature : T = T(x) where
x = distance from end A will be

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.58 Two sheets of thickness d and 2 d and same area are touching each other on their face.
Temperature TA, TB, TC shown are in geometric progression with common ratio r = 2.
Then ratio of thermal conductivity of thinner and thicker sheet are
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.59 The wall with a cavity consists of two layers of brick separated by a layer of air. All three layers have the
same thickness and the thermal conductivity of the brick is much greater than that of air. The left layer is
at a higher temperature than the right layer and steady state condition exists. Which of the following
graphs predicts correctly the variation of temperature T with distance d inside the cavity?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.60 A wall has two layer A and B each made of different material, both the layers have the same thickness.
The thermal conductivity of the material A is twice that of B. Under thermal equilibrium the temperature
difference across the wall B is 36°C. The temperature difference across the wall A is
(A) 6°C (B) 12°C (C) 18°C (D) 72°C

Q.61 A ring consisting of two parts ADB and ACB of same conductivity k carries an
amount of heat H. The ADB part is now replaced with another metal keeping
the temperatures T1 and T2 constant. The heat carried increases to 2H. What
ACB
should be the conductivity of the new ADB part? Given = 3:
ADB
7 5
(A) k (B) 2 k (C) k (D) 3 k
3 2
Q.62 Three conducting rods of same material and cross-section are shown in figure.
Temperatures of A, D and C are maintained at 20°C, 90°C and 0°C. The
ratio of lengths of BD and BC if there is no heat flow in AB is:
(A) 2 / 7 (B) 7 / 2 (C) 9 / 2 (D) 2 / 9

Q.63 Three rods made of the same material and having same cross-sectional area but

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

different lengths 10cm, 20 cm and 30 cm are joined as shown. The temperature
of the joint is:
(A) 20°C (B) 23.7°C (C) 16.4°C (D) 18.2°C

Q.64 Twelve conducting rods form the riders of a uniform cube of side 'l'. If in
steady state, B and H ends of the rod are at 100°C and 0°C. Find the
temperature of the junction 'A'.
(A) 80°C (B) 60°C (C) 40°C (D) 70°C

Q.65 Six identical conducting rods are joined as shown in figure. Points A and
D are maintained at temperature of 200°C and 20°C respectively. The
temperature of junction B will be:
(A) 120°C (B) 100°C (C) 140°C (D) 80°C

Q.66 A metallic rod of cross-sectional area 9.0 cm2 and length 0.54 m, with the surface insulated to prevent
heat loss, has one end immersed in boiling water and the other in ice-water mixture. The heat conducted
through the rod melts the ice at the rate of 1 gm for every 33 sec. The thermal conductivity of the rod is
(A) 330 Wm–1 K–1 (B) 60 Wm–1 K–1 (C) 600 Wm–1 K–1 (D) 33 Wm–1 K–1

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.67 A hollow sphere of inner radius R and outer radius 2R is made of a material of thermal conductivity K. It is
surrounded by another hollow sphere of inner radius 2R and outer radius 3R made of same material of
thermal conductivity K. The inside of smaller sphere is maintained at 0°C and the outside of bigger sphere
at 100°C. The system is in steady state. The temperature of the interface will be :
(A) 50°C (B) 70°C (C) 75°C (D) 45°C

Q.68 The ends of a metal bas of constant cross-sectional area are maintained at temperatures T1 and T2 which
are both higher than the temperature of the surroundings. If the bar is unlagged, which one of the following
sketches best represents the variation of temperature with distance along the bar?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.69 Three identical rods AB, CD and PQ are joined as shown. P and Q are mid
points of AB and CD respectively. Ends A, B, C and D are maintained at
0°C, 100°C, 30°C and 60°C respectively. The direction of heat flow in PQ is
(A) from P to Q (B) from Q to P
(C) heat does not flow in PQ (D) data not sufficient

Q.70 The temperature drop through each layer of a two layer furnace wall is
shown in figure. Assume that the external temperature T1 and T3 are
maintained constant and T1 > T3. If the thickness of the layers x1 and x2
are the same, which of the following statements are correct.
(A) k1 > k2
(B) k1 < k2
(C) k1 = k2 but heat flow through material (1) is larger then through (2)
(D) k1 = k2 but heat flow through material (1) is less than that through (2)

Q.71 Two rods A and B of different materials but same cross section

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

are joined as in figure. The free end of A is maintained at 100°C
and the free end of B is maintained at 0°C. If l2 = 2l1, K1 = 2K2
and rods are thermally insulated from sides to prevent heat losses
then the temperature  of the junction of the two rods is
(A) 80°C (B) 60°C (C) 40°C (D) 20°C

Question No. 72 to 74 (3 questions)

Two rods A and B of same cross-sectional are A and length l connected in
series between a source (T1 = 100°C) and a sink (T2 = 0°C) as
shown in figure. The rod is laterally insulated
Q.72 The ratio of the thermal resistance of the rod is
RA 1 RA RA 3 4
(A) R = (B) R = 3 (C) R = (D)
B 3 B B 4 3
Q.73 If TA and TB are the temperature drops across the rod A and B, then
TA 3 TA 1 TA 3 TA 4
(A) T = (B) T = (C) T = (D) T =
B 1 B 3 B 4 B 3

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.74 If GA and GB are the temperature gradients across the rod A and B, then
GA 3 GA 1 GA 3 GA 4
(A) G = (B) G = (C) G = (D) G =
B 1 B 3 B 4 B 3

Q.75 Two sheets of thickness d and 3d, are touching each other. The temperature just outside the thinner sheet
side is A, and on the side of the thicker sheet is C. The interface temperature is B. A, B and C are in
arithmetic progressing, the ratio of thermal conductivity of thinner sheet and thicker sheet is
(A) 1 : 3 (B) 3 : 1 (C) 2 : 3 (D) 1 : 9

Q.76 A cylindrical rod with one end in a steam chamber and the outer end in ice results in melting of 0.1 gm of ice
per second. If the rod is replaced by another with half the length and double the radius of the first and if the
thermal conductivity of material of second rod is 1/4 that of first, the rate at which ice melts is gm/sec will be
(A) 3.2 (B) 1.6 (C) 0.2 (D) 0.1

Q.77 A composite rod made of three rods of equal length and cross-section as shown in the fig. The thermal
conductivities of the materials of the rods are K/2, 5K and K respectively. The end A and end B are at
constant temperatures. All heat entering the face A goes out of the end B there being no loss of heat from
the sides of the bar. The effective thermal conductivity of the bar is
A B

K/2 5K K
(A) 15K/16 (B) 6K/13 (C) 5K/16 (D) 2K/13.

Q.78 A rod of length L with sides fully insulated is of a material whose thermal conductivity varies with

temperature as K= , where  is a constant. The ends of the rod are kept at temperature T1 and T2.
T
The temperature T at x, where x is the distance from the end whose temperature is T1 is
x
 T L x T2 T2 x
T2  T1
(A) T1  2  (B) ln (C) T1e T1L (D) T1  x

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

 T1  L T1 L

Q.79 The power radiated by a black body is P and it radiates maximum energy around the wavelength 0. If
the temperature of the black body is now changed so that it radiates maximum energy around wavelength
3/40, the power radiated by it will increase by a factor of
(A) 4/3 (B) 16/9 (C) 64/27 (D) 256/81

Q.80 A black metal foil is warmed by radiation from a small sphere at temperature 'T' and at a distance 'd ' .
It is found that the power received by the foil is P . If both the temperature and distance are doubled, the
power received by the foil will be :
(A) 16 P (B) 4 P (C) 2 P (D) P

Q.81 Star S1 emits maximum radiation of wavelength 420 nm and the star S2 emits maximum radiation of
wavelength 560 nm, what is the ratio of the temperature of S1 and S2 :
(A) 4/3 (B) (4/3)1/4 (C) 3/4 (D) (3/4)1/2

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.82 Spheres P and Q are uniformly constructed from the same material which is a good conductor of heat
and the radius of Q is thrice the radius of P. The rate of fall of temperature of P is x times that of Q when
both are at the same surface temperature. The value of x is :
(A) 1/4 (B) 1/3 (C) 3 (D) 4

Q.83 An ice cube at temperature – 20°C is kept in a room at temperature 20°C. The variation of temperature
of the body with time is given by

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.84 The spectral emissive power E for a body at temperature T1 is plotted against
the wavelength and area under the curve is found to be A. At a different
temperature T2 the area is found to be 9A. Then 1/2 =
(A) 3 (B) 1/3 (C) 1 3 (D) 3
Q.85 The intensity of radiation emitted by the Sun has its maximum value at a wavelength of 510 nm and that
emitted by the North Star has the maximum value at 350 nm. If these stars behave like black bodies then
the ratio of the surface temperature of the Sun and the North Star is
(A) 1.46 (B) 0.69 (C) 1.21 (D) 0.83

Q.86 Two bodies P and Q have thermal emissivities of P and Q respectively. Surface areas of these bodies
are same and the total radiant power is also emitted at the same rate. If temperature of P is
P kelvin then temperature of Q i.e. Q is
1/ 4 4
 P 
1/ 4 1/ 4
 Q   Q  1  Q 
(A)   P (B)   P (C)    (D)    P
 P   Q   P  P  P 

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

Q.87 A black body calorimeter filled with hot water cools from 60°C to 50°C in 4 min and 40°C to 30°C in
8 min. The approximate temperature of surrounding is :
(A) 10°C (B) 15°C (C) 20°C (D) 25°C

Q.88 The rate of emission of radiation of a black body at 273°C is E, then the rate of emission of radiation of
this body at 0°C will be
E E E
(A) (B) (C) (D) 0
16 4 8

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 Chapter Practice Problems
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTION MAY BE CORRECT
Take approx. 3 minutes for answering each question.
Q.1 Four rods A, B, C, D of same length and material but of different radii r, r 2 , r 3 and 2r respectively
are held between two rigid walls. The temperature of all rods is increased by same amount. If the rods
donot bend, then
(A) the stress in the rods are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 : 4.
(B) the force on the rod exerted by the wall are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 : 4.
(C) the energy stored in the rods due to elasticity are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 : 4.
(D) the strains produced in the rods are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 : 4.

Q.2 A body of mass M is attached to the lower end of a metal wire, whose upper end is fixed. The elongation
of the wire is l.
(A) Loss in gravitational potential energy of M is Mgl
(B) The elastic potential energy stored in the wire is Mgl
(C) The elastic potential energy stored in the wire is 1/2 Mgl
(D) Heat produced is 1/2 Mgl.

Q.3 When the temperature of a copper coin is raised by 80°C, its diameter increases by 0.2%.
(A) Percentage rise in the area of a face is 0.4 %
(B) Percentage rise in the thickness is 0.4 %
(C) Percentage rise in the volume is 0.6 %
(D) Coefficient of linear expansion of copper is 0.25 × 10–4 C° –1.

Q.4 An experiment is perfomed to measure the specific heat of copper. A lump of copper is heated in an
oven, then dropped into a beaker of water. To calculate the specific heat of copper, the experimenter
must know or measure the value of all of the quantities below EXCEPT the
(A) heat capacity of water and beaker
(B) original temperature of the copper and the water
(C) final (equilibrium) temperature of the copper and the water

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

(D) time taken to achieve equilibrium after the copper is dropped into the water

Q.5 One end of a conducting rod is maintained at temperature 50°C and at the other end, ice is melting at
0°C. The rate of melting of ice is doubled if:
(A) the temperature is made 200°C and the area of cross-section of the rod is doubled
(B) the temperature is made 100°C and length of rod is made four times
(C) area of cross-section of rod is halved and length is doubled
(D) the temperature is made 100°C and the area of cross-section of rod and length both are doubled.

Q.6 Two metallic sphere A and B are made of same material and have got identical surface finish. The mass
of sphere A is four times that of B. Both the spheres are heated to the same temperature and placed in a
room having lower temperature but thermally insulated from each other.
(A) The ratio of heat loss of A to that of B is 24/3.
(B) The ratio of heat loss of A to that of B is 22/3.
(C) The ratio of the initial rate of cooling of A to that of B is 2-2/3.
(D) The ratio of the initial rate of cooling of A to that of B is 2-4/3.

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Q.7 Two bodies A and B have thermal emissivities of 0.01 and 0.81 respectively. The outer surface areas of
the two bodies are the same. The two bodies radiate energy at the same rate. The wavelength B,
corresponding to the maximum spectral radiancy in the radiation from B, is shifted from the wavelength
corresponding to the maximum spectral radiancy in the radiation from A by 1.00 m. If the temperature
of A is 5802 K,
(A) the temperature of B is 1934 K (B) B =1.5 m
(C) the temperature of B is 11604 K (D) the temperature of B is 2901 K

Q.8 Three bodies A, B and C have equal surface area and thermal emissivities in the ratio
1 1
eA : eB : eC = 1 : : . All the three bodies are radiating at same rate. Their wavelengths corresponding
2 4
to maximum intensity are A, B and C respectively and their temperatures are TA, TB and TC on kelvin
scale, then select the incorrect statement.
(A) TA TC  TB (B)  A  C   B

(C) e A TA e C TC  e BTB (D) e A  A TA · e B BTB  e C  C TC

Question No. 9 to 11 (3 questions)

The figure shows a radiant energy spectrum graph for a black body at a
temperature T.
Q.9 Choose the correct statement(s)
(A) The radiant energy is not equally distributed among all the possible wavelengths
(B) For a particular wavelength the spectral intensity is maximum
(C) The area under the curve is equal to the total rate at which heat is radiated by the body at that
temperature
(D) None of these

Q.10 If the temperature of the body is raised to a higher temperature T', then choose the correct statement(s)

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

(A) The intensity of radiation for every wavelength increases
(B) The maximum intensity occurs at a shorter wavelength
(C) The area under the graph increases
(D) The area under the graph is proportional to the fourth power of temperature

Q.11 Identify the graph which correctly represents the spectral intensity versus wavelength graph at two
temperatures T' and T (T < T')

(A) (B) (C) (D) none of these

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 Chapter Practice Problems
Answer Key
ONLY ONE OPTION IS CORRECT.

Q.1 E Q.2 B Q.3 D Q.4 A Q.5 B Q.6 B Q.7 C

Q.8 C Q.9 B Q.10 B Q.11 A Q.12 B Q.13 B Q.14 A

Q.15 C Q.16 C Q.17 C Q.18 C Q.19 D Q.20 C Q.21 D

Q.22 B Q.23 C Q.24 B Q.25 A Q.26 C Q.27 B Q.28 A

Q.29 A Q.30 A Q.31 A Q.32 C Q.33 B Q.34 A Q.35 B

Q.36 D Q.37 A Q.38 D Q.39 A Q.40 C Q.41 B Q.42 A

Q.43 D Q.44 C Q.45 D Q.46 A Q.47 B Q.48 C Q.49 D

Q.50 C Q.51 A Q.52 C Q.53 A Q.54 C Q.55 D Q.56 B

Q.57 B Q.58 A Q.59 D Q.60 C Q.61 A Q.62 B Q.63 C

Q.64 B Q.65 C Q.66 B Q.67 C Q.68 C Q.69 A Q.70 A

Q.71 A Q.72 A Q.73 B Q.74 B Q.75 A Q.76 C Q.77 A

Q.78 A Q.79 D Q.80 B Q.81 A Q.82 C Q.83 B Q.84 D

Q.85 B Q.86 B Q.87 B Q.88 A

Calorimetry & Heat Transfer

ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTION MAY BE CORRECT

Q.1 B,C Q.2 A,CD Q.3 A,C,D Q.4 D

Q.5 D Q.6 A,C Q.7 A,B Q.8 D

Q.9 A,B Q.10 A,B,C,D Q.11 B

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