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Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2015

Pearson Edexcel GCE

in Further Pure Mathematics FP2
(6668/01)
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Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications

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Summer 2015
Publications Code UA041567
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2015
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General Marking Guidance

 All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners

must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the
last.
 Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised
for omissions.
 Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not
according to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
 There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
 All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer
matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to
award zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit
according to the mark scheme.
 Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be
limited.
 Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.

EDEXCEL GCE MATHEMATICS

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General Instructions for Marking

1. The total number of marks for the paper is 75.

2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of marks:

 M marks: method marks are awarded for ‘knowing a method and attempting
to apply it’, unless otherwise indicated.
 A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M)
marks have been earned.
 B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks)
 Marks should not be subdivided.

3. Abbreviations

These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the
mark schemes.

 bod – benefit of doubt

 ft – follow through
 the symbol will be used for correct ft
 cao – correct answer only
 cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the
question to obtain this mark
 isw – ignore subsequent working
 awrt – answers which round to
 SC: special case
 oe – or equivalent (and appropriate)
 dep – dependent
 indep – independent
 dp decimal places
 sf significant figures
  The answer is printed on the paper
 The second mark is dependent on gaining the first mark

4. All A marks are ‘correct answer only’ (cao.), unless shown, for example, as A1
ft to indicate that previous wrong working is to be followed through. After a
misread however, the subsequent A marks affected are treated as A ft, but
manifestly absurd answers should never be awarded A marks.

5. For misreading which does not alter the character of a question or materially
simplify it, deduct two from any A or B marks gained, in that part of the
question affected.

6. If a candidate makes more than one attempt at any question:

 If all but one attempt is crossed out, mark the attempt which is NOT
crossed out.
 If either all attempts are crossed out or none are crossed out, mark all
the attempts and score the highest single attempt.

7. Ignore wrong working or incorrect statements following a correct answer.

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General Principles for Further Pure Mathematics Marking

(But note that specific mark schemes may sometimes override these general principles).

Method mark for solving 3 term quadratic:

1. Factorisation

( x 2  bx  c)  ( x  p)( x  q), where pq  c , leading to x = …

(ax 2  bx  c)  (mx  p)(nx  q), where pq  c and mn  a , leading to x = …

2. Formula

Attempt to use the correct formula (with values for a, b and c).

3. Completing the square

2
2  b
Solving x  bx  c  0 :  x    q  c  0, q  0 , leading to x = …
 2

Method marks for differentiation and integration:

1. Differentiation

Power of at least one term decreased by 1. ( x n  x n 1 )

2. Integration

Power of at least one term increased by 1. ( x n  x n 1 )

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Use of a formula

Where a method involves using a formula that has been learnt, the advice given in
recent examiners’ reports is that the formula should be quoted first.

Normal marking procedure is as follows:

Method mark for quoting a correct formula and attempting to use it, even if there
are small errors in the substitution of values.

Where the formula is not quoted, the method mark can be gained by implication
from correct working with values, but may be lost if there is any mistake in the
working.

Exact answers

Examiners’ reports have emphasised that where, for example, an exact answer is
asked for, or working with surds is clearly required, marks will normally be lost if the
candidate resorts to using rounded decimals.
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June 2015 Home

6668 FP2
Mark Scheme

Question
Scheme Marks
Number
1
 x  3 x  2   12  0
 x  2 x  3  12  x  3  0 OR
2
(a) M1
 x  3

 x  3  x 2  5 x  6   0  x  3 x  6 x 1  0

CVs: 3,  6, 1 B1,A1,A1

6  x  3, x  1 dM1A1
OR: x   6, 3  1,   (6)

(b) x 1 B1 (1)
[7]

(a)
Mult through by  x  3 and collect on one side or use any other valid method (NOT
2

M1
calculator)

Eg work from
 x  3 x  2   12  0
 x  3
NB: Multiplying by  x  3 is not a valid method unless the two cases x  3 and x  3
are considered separately or 3 stated to be a cv
B1 for -3 seen anywhere
A1A1 other cvs (A1A0 if only one correct)
obtaining inequalities using their critical values and no other numbers. Award if one
dM1
correct inequality seen or any valid method eg sketch graph or number line seen
correct inequalities and no extras. Use of … or „ scores A0. May be written in set
A1
notation.

No marks for candidates who draw a sketch graph and follow with the cvs without any
algebra shown. Those who use some algebra after their graph may gain marks as
earned (possibly all)

(b) B1 correct answer only shown. Allow x …1 if already penalised in (a)

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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
2 (a) z 4 B1
 2 3  2
arg z  arctan    arctan  3  
or 120o  M1A1 (3)
 2  3

6 6
  2 2    i 23 
6
z   4  cos  i sin   4 6
 cos 4  i sin 4  or 6
  4e  M1
3  
(b) z
  3  
6 12
 4096 or 4 or 2 A1 cso (2)
(a) and (b) can be marked together
3
3 3 3
 2 2  4 4 
 
(c) z  4  cos
4 4
 i sin   4  cos  i sin 
 3 3   2 2
w  i2 2 oe or any other correct root B1

3
3
  2   2  4
M1
4  cos 
4
 2n   i sin   2n  
  3   3 
 n  0 see above 
n  1 w  2 2 oe
n  2 w  i2 2 oe
n  3 w  2 2 oe A1A1 (4)
[9]
(a) B1 Correct modulus seen Must be 4
M1 Attempt arg using arctan, nos either way up. Must include minus sign or other

consideration of quadrant. (arg = scores M0)
3
2
A1 or 1200 Correct answer only seen, award M1A1
3
(b) M1 apply de Moivre
A1cso 4096 or 46 Must have been obtained with the correct argument for z
(c) B1 For w  i2 2 or any single correct root (0 or 0i may be included in all roots) in any
Form including polar
M1 Applying de Moivre and use a correct method to attempt 2 or 3 further roots
A1A1 For the other roots (3 correct scores A1A1; 2 correct scores A1)
1 3 1
Accept eg 2 2, 8 , 2.83, 64 4 , 4 4 , 4096 8 Decimals must be 3 sf min.
ALT 1 z 3  64  w4  w     2 2 (  not needed) B1
for (c): Use rotational symmetry to find other 2/3 roots M1
Remaining roots as above A1A1
4 2
ALT 2: z  64 z  8
z  2 2 z   8  i2 2
B1 any one correct, M1 attempt remaining 2/3 roots; A1A1 as above
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
dy y
3   3cos 2 x
dx tan x
 cot x dx  ln sin x , IF  sin x M1
dy
sin x  y cos x  3cos 2 x sin x
dx
y sin x   3cos 2 x sin x dx M1A1
3
y sin x   3  2cos 2 x  1 sin x dx  sin 3x  sin x  dx
2
y sin x 

 2  3 1 
y sin x  3   cos3 x  cos x   c  y sin x    cos3x  cos x   c 
dM1A1
 3  2 3 
3cos x  2cos3 x  c ' 3cos 3x  3cos x  c ' B1ft [6]
y oe y
sin x 2sin x (A1 on e-PEN)

Divide by tan and attempt IF e 

cot x dx
M1 or equivalent needed
M1 Multiply through by IF and integrate LHS
A1 correct so far
dM1 dep (on previous M mark) integrate RHS using double angle or factor formula
1 1
k cos2 x sin x   cos3 x, k sin 2 x cos x  k sin 3 x, cos3x   sin 3x, sin 3x   cos3x
3 3
A1 All correct so far constant not needed
obtain answer in form y = ... any equivalent form Constant must be included and dealt
B1ft
with correctly. Award if correctly obtained from the previous line
Alternatives for integrating the RHS:
(i) By parts: Needs 2 applications of parts or one application followed by a trig method.
Give M1 only if method is complete and A1 for a correct result.
(ii) y sin x   3 1  2sin 2 x  sin x dx   3sin x  6sin 3 x dx
3
Then use sin 3x  3sin x  4sin3 x to get y sin x    sin 3x  sin x  dx and integration
2
shown above - both steps needed for M1
ALTERNATIVE: Mult through by cos x
dy
sin x  y cos x  3cos 2 x sin x M1
dx
y sin x   3cos 2 x sin x dx M1A1
Rest as main scheme
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number

4
(a) r 2  r 2  2r  1   r 2  2r  1 r 2 M1 A1

 r 4  2r 3  r 2  r 4  2r 3  r 2 or r 2  r 2  2r  1  r 2  2r  1

 4r 3 * A1 (3)

 n 3 
(b)   4r   1  2 2
 0    22  32  12  22    32  42  22  32  ... M1
 1 

 n2   n  1   n  1  n2
2 2

 n2  n  1
2
A1
n
1 2
r n  n  1
3 2
 A1
1 4
2 2
n
1   n 
  r   n  n  1     r 
3

1 2   1 
So 13  23  33  ....  n3   1  2  3...  n 
2
* A1cso (4) [7]
(B1 on e-PEN)

(a) M1 Multiply out brackets May remove common factor r2 first

A1 a correct statement
A1 fully correct solution which must include at least one intermediate line
ALT: Use difference of 2 squares:
M1 remove common factor and apply diff of 2 squares to rest
A1 r 2  r  1  r  1  r  1   r  1 
 r 2  2r  2 
A1  4r 3

(b) M1 Use result to write out a list of terms; sufficient to show cancelling needed
n n
Minimum 2 at start and 1 at end  4r 3 or
1
r
1
3
need not be shown here or for next

mark
Correctly extracting n2  n  1 as the only remaining non-zero term.
2
A1
1 2 n

r
n  n  1
2
3
A1 Obtaining 
1 4
A1cso (Shown B1 on e-PEN) for deducing the required result.

Working from either side can gain full marks

Working from both sides can gain full marks provided the working joins correctly in
the middle.
If r used instead of n, penalise the final A mark.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
z
5 (a) w
z  3i
3iw 3iw
w  z  3i   z z or M1A1
1 w w 1
3iw
z 2 2 dM1
1 w
3iw  2 1  w
w  u  iv 
9  u 2  v 2   4 1  u   v 2
2
 ddM1A1

9u 2  9v 2  4 1  2u  u 2  v 2 

(i) 5u 2  5v2  8u  4  0 dddM1

2
 4 2 36
u    v 
 5 25
 4  6
(ii) So a circle, Centre   , 0  Radius (oe fractions or decimals) A1A1 (8)
 5  5

Circle drawn on an Argand diagram in correct position ft their centre

(b) B1ft
and radius

Region inside correct circle shaded no ft B1 (2)

[10]

(a) M1 re-arrange to z = ....

A1 correct result
dM1 dep (on first M1) using z  2 with their previous result
ddM1 dep ( on both previous M marks) use w  u  iv (or eg w  x  iy ) and find the moduli.
Moduli to contain no is and must be +. Allow 9 or 3 and 4 or 2
A1 for a correct equation in u and v or any other pair of variables
dep (on all previous M marks) re-arrange to the form of the equation of a circle (same
dddM1
coeffs for the squared terms
deduce circle and give correct centre and radius. Completion of square may not be
A1A1
shown. Deduct 1 for each error or omission. (Enter A1A0 on e-PEN)
3iw
Special Case: If z  obtained, give M1A0 but all other marks can be awarded.
w 1
(b) Mark diagram only - ignore any working shown.
B1ft No numbers needed but circle must be in the correct region (or on the correct axis) for
their centre and the centre and radius must be consistent (ie check how the circle
crosses the axes) B0 if the equation in (a) is not an equation of a circle.
B1 Region inside the correct circle shaded. (no ft here)
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number

ALTERNATIVE for 5(a):

Let z  x  iy

x  iy
w
x  i  y  3
 x  iy   x  i  y  3 
 M1
 x  i  y  3   x  i  y  3 
x 2  y 2  3 y  3ix
 A1
x2  y 2  6 y  9

3 y  4  3ix
as z  2  x 2  y 2  4 dM1
6 y  13

3y  4 3x
w  u  iv so u  v ddM1 A1
6 y  13 6 y  13

Using u 
1
2  6 y  13  5
2
6 y  13 6 y  13

2 2 9 y 2  24 y  16  9 x 2 24 y  52 4
u v   
 6 y  13  6 y  13
2 2
6 y  13
81 
  u dddM1
5 2 

 5u 2  5v 2  8u  4
Then as main scheme:
Circle, centre, radius A1A1 (8)

M1 Rationalise the denominator - must use conjugate of the denominator

A1 Expand brackets and obtain correct numerator and denominator
dM1 Use x 2  y 2  4 in their expression to remove the squares
ddM1 Equating real and imaginary parts
A1 Correct expressions for u and v in terms of x and y
dddM1 Uses u 2  v2  ... to eliminate x and y and obtain an equation of the circle
A1A1 As main scheme
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
3
6 (a) r sin   3a sin   3a sin  cos OR 3a sin   a sin 2 M1
2
d  r sin  
 3a cos   3a cos 2   3a sin 2  3a cos  3a cos 2 dM1
d
2cos2   cos  1  0 terms in any order A1
 2cos 1 cos  1  0
1 
cos       need not be seen  ddM1A1
2 3
3 9
r  3a   a A1 (6)
2 2
1 1 
Area   r 2d   3 9a 2 1  cos   d
2
(b)
2 2 0
2 
9a 3

2 0
1  2cos   cos 2   d M1

9a 2 3  1 
  1  2cos    cos 2  1  d M1
2 0
 2 

9a 2  11  3 dM1A1

2   2sin   2  2 sin 2    
  0
9a 2  1 3  
  3    0 
2 3 4 2 6 
9a 2   9 3   9 81 3  2
    a A1 (5) [11]
2 2 8   4 16 
(a)M1 using r sin  r cos scores M0
dM1 Attempt the differentiation of r sin  , inc use of product rule or sin 2  2sin  cos
A1 Correct 3 term quadratic in cos 
ddM1 dep on both M marks. Solve their quadratic (usual rules) giving one or two roots

A1 Correct quadratic solved to give  
3
A1 Correct r obtained No need to see coordinates together in brackets
Special Case: If r cos used, score M0M1A0M0A0A0to
1
(b)M1 Use of correct area formula, may be seen later, inc squaring the bracket to obtain 3
2
terms - limits need not be shown.
1
M1 Use double angle formula (formula to be of form cos 2     cos 2  1 ) to obtain an
2
1
integrable function - limits need not be shown, from area formula may be missing,
2
dM1 attempt the integration - limits not needed – dep on 2nd M mark but not the first
A1 correct integration – substitution of limits not required
A1 correct final answer any equivalent provided in the demanded form.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
dy
7 (a)  2 tan x sec2 x B1
dx
dy
OR  2 tan x 1  tan 2 x 
dx
d2 y d2 y
 2sec4 x  4 tan 2 x sec2 x 2
 2sec2 x  2  3tan 2 x sec2 x M1 A1
dx 2
dx

 2sec4 x  4  sec2 x  1 sec2 x  2sec2 x  6  sec2 x  1 sec2 x

 6sec4 x  4sec2 x * A1cso (4)

d3 y
(b) 3
 24sec3 x sec x tan x  8sec 2 x tan x M1A1
dx

 8sec2 x tan x  3sec2 x  1 A1cso (3)

2
 dy  2
 3  8 3
2
(c) y    3    2 3    B1(both)
3  dx  1
3

 d2 y  4 2
 2   6  2  4  2  80
 dx  
3

d y 3

 3   8  4  3  3  2  1  352 3 M1(attempt
2

 dx   both)
3
2 3
2    dy  1    d2 y  1    d3 y 
tan x  y   x      x    2    x    3 
3  3  dx   2!  3   dx   3!  3   dx  
3 3 3
2 3
     176   
 3  8 3  x    40  x    3 x   M1A1 (4)[11]
 3  3 3  3
dy
(a)B1  2 tan x sec2 x
dx
M1 attempting the second derivative, inc using the product rule or
sec2   tan 2   1 Must start from the result given in (a)
A1 a correct second derivative in any form
A1cso for a correct result following completely correct working sec2   tan 2   1 must be d
seen or used
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
(b) M1 attempting the third derivative, inc using the chain rule
A1 a correct derivative
A1 a completely correct final result

2
 dy  2
 3
2
(c) B1 y  or 3 and    2 3    or 8 3
3  dx   1
3


M1 obtaining values for second and third derivatives at (need not be correct but must be
3
obtained from their derivatives)
 
M1 using a correct Taylor's expansion using  x   and their derivatives. (2! or 2, 3! or 6
 3
must be seen or implied by the work shown) This mark is not dependent.
A1 for a correct final answer Must start tan 2 x  .... or y = ..... f(x) scores A0 unless
defined as tan2xor y here or earlier. Accept equivalents eg awrt 610 (609.6…) 371712
But no factorials in this final answer.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
dx du dx du 1
8 (a) x  eu  eu or  e u or  x or  B1
du dx du dx x
dy dy du dy
   eu M1
dx du dx du
2 2
d y  u du dy  u d y du 2u  dy d 2 y 
 e e  e   2  M1A1
dx 2 dx du du 2 dx  du du 
d2 y dy
x 2 2  7 x  16 y  2ln x
dx dx
 dy d 2 y  dy
e2u  e2u    2   7eu  eu  16 y  2ln  eu  dM1
 du du  du
d2 y
du 2
dy
 8  16 y  2u
du
* A1cso (6)

dx
(a) B1 for  eu oe as shown seen explicitly or used
du
dy
M1 obtaining using chain rule here or seen later
dx
d2 y
M1 obtaining using product rule (penalise lack of chain rule by the A mark)
dx 2
d2 y
A1 a correct expression for any equivalent form
dx 2
dM1 substituting in the equation to eliminate x Only u and y now Depends on the 2nd M mark
A1cso obtaining the given result from completely correct work
ALTERNATIVE 1
dx
x  eu  eu  x B1
du
dy dy dx dy
  x M1
du dx du dx
d2 y dx dy d 2 y dx dy 2
2 d y
 1   x   x  x M1A1
du 2 du dx dx 2 du dx dx 2
d 2 y d 2 y dy
x2 2  2 
dx du du
2
 d y dy  1 dy
 2    7x   16 y  2ln  eu 
 du du  x du
d2 y
du 2
dy
 8  16 y  2u
du
* dM1A1cso
(6)

B1 As above
dy
M1 obtaining using chain rule here or seen later
du
d2 y
M1 obtaining using product rule (penalise lack of chain rule by the A mark)
du 2
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
d2 y
A1 Correct expression for any equivalent form
du 2
dM1A1cso As main scheme

ALTERNATIVE 2:

du 1
u  ln x  B1
dx x

dy dy du 1 dy
   M1
dx du dx x du

d2 y 1 dy 1 d 2 y du 1 dy 1 d 2 y
       M1A1
dx 2 x 2 du x du 2 dx x 2 du x 2 du 2

 1 dy 1 d 2 y  1 dy
x2   2  2 2   7x   16 y  2u
 x du x du  x du

d2 y
du 2
dy
 8  16 y  2u
du
* dM1A1cso
See the notes for the main scheme.

There are also other solutions which will appear, either starting from equation II and
obtaining equation I, or mixing letters x, y and u until the final stage.
Mark as follows:
B1 as shown in schemes above
M1 obtaining a first derivative with chain rule
M1 obtaining a second derivative with product rule
A1 correct second derivative with 2 or 3 variables present
dM1 Either substitute in equation I or substitute in equation II according to method chosen
and obtain an equation with only y and u (following sub in eqn I) or with only x and y
(following sub in eqn II)
A1cso Obtaining the required result from completely correct work
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number

(b) m2  8m  16  0

 m  4  0 m  4
2
M1A1
(CF =)  A  Bu  e4u A1

PI: try y  au  b ( or y  cu 2  au  b different derivatives, c = 0)

dy d2 y
a 0 M1
du du 2

0  8a  16  au  b   2u

1 1
a b oe (decimals must be 0.125 and 0.0625) dM1A1
8 16

1 1
 y   A  Bu  e4u  u  B1ft (7)
8 16

1 1
(c) y   A  B ln x  x 4  ln x  B1 (1)
8 16
[14]

(b) M1 writing down the correct aux equation and solving to m = … (usual rules)
A1 the correct solution ( m  4 )
A1 the correct CF – can use any (single) variable
dy d2 y
M1 using an appropriate PI and finding and Use of y  u scores M0
du du 2
substitute in the equation to obtain values for the unknowns Dependent on the second
dM1
M1
A1 correct unknowns two or three (c = 0)
B1ft a complete solution, follow through their CF and PI. Must have y = a function of u
Allow recovery of incorrect variables.

(c) B1 reverse the substitution to obtain a correct expression for y in terms of x No ft here
x 4 or e4ln x allowed. Must start y = …
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