Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 24 views

    States of Matter Solids Liquids and Gases

    Uploaded by

    Matipa Dembure
    The document discusses the particulate nature of matter and the kinetic theory. It explains that all matter is made up of particles too small to see, which are always in motion. The particles are arranged differently in solids, liquids, and gases. This impacts their properties. Solids have particles in a rigid pattern, while liquids and gases have particles arranged randomly. Solids cannot be compressed as the particles are tightly packed, while gases can be easily compressed due to their large spaces between particles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    States of Matter Solids Liquids and Gases

    Uploaded by

    Matipa Dembure
    24 views3 pages
    The document discusses the particulate nature of matter and the kinetic theory. It explains that all matter is made up of particles too small to see, which are always in motion. The particles are arranged differently in solids, liquids, and gases. This impacts their properties. Solids have particles in a rigid pattern, while liquids and gases have particles arranged randomly. Solids cannot be compressed as the particles are tightly packed, while gases can be easily compressed due to their large spaces between particles.

    Original Title

    states of matter solids liquids and gases

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the particulate nature of matter and the kinetic theory. It explains that all matter is made up of particles too small to see, which are always in motion. The particles are arranged differently in solids, liquids, and gases. This impacts their properties. Solids have particles in a rigid pattern, while liquids and gases have particles arranged randomly. Solids cannot be compressed as the particles are tightly packed, while gases can be easily compressed due to their large spaces between particles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    24 views3 pages

    States of Matter Solids Liquids and Gases

    Uploaded by

    Matipa Dembure
    The document discusses the particulate nature of matter and the kinetic theory. It explains that all matter is made up of particles too small to see, which are always in motion. The particles are arranged differently in solids, liquids, and gases. This impacts their properties. Solids have particles in a rigid pattern, while liquids and gases have particles arranged randomly. Solids cannot be compressed as the particles are tightly packed, while gases can be easily compressed due to their large spaces between particles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF

    MATTER

    All matter is made up of particles.


    The particles are too small to be seen by
    the naked eye.
    The particles are always moving
    The particles are arranged differently in
    solids, liquids and gases.
    Definition of matter: matter is anything
    that has mass and occupies space. This
    means all matter has mass and volume.

    The kinetic theory of matter


    The kinetic theory helps to explain the way in which
    matter behaves. The evidence is consistent with the
    idea that all matter is made up of tiny particles.

    The main points of the theory are:


     l All matter is made up of tiny, moving particles,
    invisible to the naked eye. Different substances
    have different types of particles (atoms, molecules
    or ions) which have different sizes.
     l The particles move all the time. The higher the
    temperature, the faster they move on average, ie the higher
    the kinetic energy the particles possess.
     l Heavier particles move more slowly than lighter
    ones at a given temperature.

    The kinetic theory can be used as a scientific model


    to explain how the arrangement of particles relates to
    the properties of the three states of matter.

    The three states of matter

    Matter exists in three different states: solid, liquid and gas.

    Ref page 85 focus on combined Science.

    The following diagrams show the arrangement of particles in


    solids, liquids and gases.

    Identify the states P, Q and R.


    The table below summarises the properties of matter in each of the three states.

    Properties State of matter


    Solid Liquid Gas
    Arrangement of Particles are arranged The particles arranged The particles are
    particles in a regular pattern. in a random manner. arranged in a random
    manner.
    Separation of particles Particles are tightly The particles are still The particles are far
    packed. There are no touching, but they are apart, with very large
    spaces between the not as closely packed spaces between them.
    particles. as in the solid state. The particles do not
    touch at all.

    Forces of attraction Very strong forces Strong forces , but Very weak forces of
    between the particles weaker than in solids attraction.
    and stronger than in
    gases.
    Movement Vibrate on spot, they The particles flow in The particles move
    vibrate in their fixed and out of each other; randomly( in all
    positions. the particles slide past directions) at high
    each other. speed
    Shape Fixed shape Take the shape of the Have no fixed shape
    container, have no
    fixed shape.
    Volume Fixed volume Fixed volume Have no fixed volume;
    Take the volume of
    the container/ they fill
    all the available space.
    compressibility Cannot be compressed Can be slightly Can be easily
    compressed compressed.

    Question: Explain why solids cannot be compressed while gases can be easily compressed.

     Evidence of particulate nature of matter – diffusion, dilution, Brownian movement, effect of


    temperature
     Expansion and Contraction
    - Thermal expansion and contraction
    - Applications in solids and liquids

     Compressibility – of gases, atmospheric pressure

     Solubility – heat, particle size, stirring

    Question: a. Describe the changes of state.


    b. of these changes of state, which ones need to absorb energy and which ones release
    energy to the surroundings when they happen? Classify them into endothermic and exothermic
    processes.

    You might also like