Mas. Amz. 581

AΓLIF N USELMED UNNIG D UNADI USSNAN
TASDAWIT LMULUD AT-MƐEMMER N TIZI-UZZU
TAZEDDAYT N TSEKLIWIN D TUTLAYIN

AGEZDU N TSEKLIWIN D TUTLAYIN
AKATAY N TAGGARA N USWIR N LMASTER

DEG TUTLAYT D YIDLES N TMAZIƔT
ASENTEL
Tasleḍt tasensiwlant i wungal « Amsebrid » n

Cabḥa BEN GANA.
S-γur : Amesnalay :
- FERHI KARIMA
- GUIZEF HAYET - YAHIAOUI TASSADIT
Aseqqamu n yimsekyaden :
- TIKOBAINI Ouiza Taselwayt
- YAHIAOUI Tassadit Tamesnalayt
- HABI Dehbia Tamsekyadt
2019/2020
Asnemmer
 Tanemmirt i Massa Yahiaoui i d-yezgan ilmend n

leqdic-a .
 Tanemmirt akk i yiselmaden n ugezdu n tutlayt d
yidles Amaziɣ n tseddawit n Mulud Mεemmeri .
 Tanemmirt i usqamu n umeskayad i iqblen ad ɣren
leqdic-a .
Abuddu
Ad buddeɣ amahil-a :
 I yemma d baba εzizen fell-i, i iεettben felli iyi-

fkan afud.
 I gma farid d yell-is Kluwi .
 I watmaten-iw Ḥusin d Marzuq.
 I yelli-s xalti Anya .
 I Temdukal-iw yal yiwet s yisem-is .
KARIMA
Abuddu
Ad buddeɣ amahil-a :
 I yemma d baba εzizen fell-i, i iεettben felli,

iyi-fkan afud
 I ysetma Nurya, Samya, Ḥamida, Nasima d
warraw-nsent.
 I watmaten-iw Kamal, Krimu, Karim d
wergaz-iw.
 I temdukal-iw akken ma llant .
ḤAYAT
Aɣawas
Tazwert tamatut .........................................................................................................................07
Ixef amezwaru : Tanekda d tbadut n wungal “ Amsebrid”

Tazwert..........................................................................................................................................11
Awal ɣef umaru ............................................................................................................................11
Awal ɣef udlis ...............................................................................................................................11
Agzul..............................................................................................................................................11
Tabadut n wungal .......................................................................................................................15
Amezruy n wungal .....................................................................................................................15
Amgired yellan gar ungal d tullist ............................................................................................19
Tulmissin n wungal ......................................................................................................................20
Taggrayt........................................................................................................................................22
Ixef wis sin : Taselḍt tasensiwlant i wungal “Amesbrid”

Tazwert ........................................................................................................................................24
Tsensiwelt ....................................................................................................................................24
Tasiwelt .......................................................................................................................................24
Amsawal ........................................................................................................................................25
Tamuɣli tasiwlant .......................................................................................................................27
Iwudam ........................................................................................................................................29
Assisen n yiwudam .....................................................................................................................32
Adeg .............................................................................................................................................37
Akud ............................................................................................................................................41
Taggrayt ......................................................................................................................................49
Taggrayt tamatut .........................................................................................................................50
Tazwart tamatut
Tazwart tamatut
Tasekla taqbaylit tella d timawit, ad d-naf anagar n tewsatin yettruḥu seg yimi ɣer
tmeẓẓuɣt.Asiweḍ-nsent yebna ɣef ccfawat am yinzan, timseεraq, timucuha …atg. Deg tewsit
a taywalt d tusridt, am wakken i d-yenna IMARAZEN.M : ‹‹ Tasekla-agi , akken ma tella
tettruḥu seg yimi ɣer tmeẓẓuɣt . D ayagi i tt-iǧǧan tezger idurar d isafen, ussan d iseggasen
akken ad taweḍ si lǧil ɣer wayeḍ ›› 1 akken i d-yenna daɣen ‹‹ Ma yella si zik i tettidir tsekla-
agi s timawit, ass am wass-a ur ilaq ara ad nettkel ɣef ubrid-agi, ilaq ad tt-naru, ad tt-
nesdukkel i wakken ur tettzer ara di tesraft n tatut ››.2
Syin akkin tuɣ-d abrid-is ɣer tira am yal tasekla deg umaḍal akken i d-yenna CHAKER
S. ‹‹ Almi i d-tewweḍ tallit n temharsa d tezririt tameqrant n uɣerbaz d yidles arumi,i d tella
tlallit taḥeqqanit n usirew aseklan i yura s tutlayt n tmaziɣt.››3
Annect-a ad d-naf yehder-d fell-as daɣen BOUAMARA.K ‹‹ Tasekla tazzayrit s tenfalit

taqbaylit. Tbeddel ɣef tin yellan ,asmi tewwi tmurt n lezzayer timunent-is tasertant deg
useggas n 1962.›› 4
Abrid-a i d-tewwi tsekla teqbaylit ɣer tira ,yegla-d s tlalit n tewsatin timaynutin ,am
tullist, ungal, amezgun,…atg akken i d-yenna BOUAMARA .K ‹‹ Tasekla yuran s teqbaylit
tban-d i tikelt tamezwarut deg yiseggasen n 1950-1960, s wayen yura Belεid At Ɛli ,yeldi
tawwurt i usenulfu n tsekla taqbaylit ,tuget deg yiḍrisen-is ad naf ungal ,tullist ,amezgun . ››5
maca deg tewsatin agi taywalt tbdel, ur teqqim ara akken tella ,tuɣal d tarusridt.
Xas ulamma, aẓar n wungal n teqbaylit yettuɣal ɣer yiseggasen n 1940, asmi i yura
Belεid At Ɛli ungal-is “ lwali n udrar” i d-ssufɣen yimrabḍen irumyen deg useggas 1946,
maca ungal amenzu n teqbaylit i d-yeffɣen s talɣa n wungal s wudem aḥeqqi d “ Asefel” i
yura Racid Ɛellic , yeffeɣ-d deg useggas n 1981.
IMARAZEN.M , Timεayin n leqbayel , H.C.A, 2007 sb 06

1
2
Ibid sb 06
3
CHAKER.S .la naissance d’une littérature écrit le cas berbère ( Kabylie ),1992, Sb 08 ‹‹Il faut donc attendre la
période coloniale et la très fort influence de l’école et de la culture françaises pour que naisse une véritable
production littéraire écrit rn langue berbère ››.
4
BOUAMARA.K, Ou on est actuellement la littérature d’expression kabyle, timuzgha, revue du H.C.A N°
14 ,Alger sb.05‹‹ la littérature Algérienne d’expression kabyle n’est présentement pas ce qu’elle était ou moment
où l’Algérie accédait à son indépendance politique en 1962.››
5
Ibid sb12 ‹‹ la littérature écrit n’a pas réelle existence avant les années 1950,1960, si l’on admet que les cahier
de belaid et la premier œuvre littéraire en tamazight les textes qui composant il s’agit ad souvent de roman la
nouvelle ,le théâtre ,poésie ››
7
Tazwart tamatut
Γer taggara n yiseggasen-a, tuɣal ula d tamṭṭut teṭṭef amḍiq-is di tira n tsekla taqbaylit
amedya ɣef wannect-a d KUDAC Linda, d nettat i tamezwarut iyuran ungal s teqbaylit win
iwumi tsemma “Aεecciw n tmess”, uɣalen yal aseggas tteffɣen-d yedlisen-nniḍen s tmaziɣt
ama tullisin ama d tamedyazt ama d ungalen ama d ayen-nniḍen,amahil nneɣ nexdem-it ɣef
yiwen seg wungalen i d-yeffɣen deg yiseggasen-agi ineggura , win umi qqaren “Amsebrid” i
tura yiwet gar tlawin yettarun s teqbaylit tagi d BEN GANA Cabḥa. Yuɣal udlis amaziɣ yeṭṭef
amḍiq-is am netta am wiyaḍ gar yedlisen yettwarun s tutlayin- nniḍen.
Afran n usentel
Nefren ungal-agi “ Amsebrid ” acku d amaynut ur ttwaxedment ara aṭas n tezrawin fell-
as, rnu ɣef waya asentel i d-wwi Cabḥa BEN GANA d asentel yerzan timetti taqbaylit, ɣef
waya i nerra lwelha-nneɣ ɣur-s.
Iswi n usentel
Iswi agejdan n tezrawt-agi, d asnerni n tmusniwin ɣef wungal, rnu ɣer-s nebɣa ad d-
nessegzu amek tessemres BEN GANA iferdisen n tsensiwelt deg-s.
Tamukrist
Leqdic-a ara nexdem assa-a ad yili ɣef yiwet n tewsit gar tewsatin-a timaynutin n tsekla:
ungal. Di tira n wugal yal amaru amek ibennu aḍris-is, yal wa d acu yessemras akken ad
yessaweḍ tikti-s. Di tezrawt-agi ad neεreḍ ad nexdem tasleḍt tasensiwlant i wungal
“Amsebrid”ɣef waya ad d-nefk aseqsi-a: Amek i tessemres Cabḥa BEN GANA iferdisen n
tsensiwelt deg ungal-is ? Amek i d-ttbanen ifaredisen-agi deg tɣessa n uḍris ?
Turdiwin
Ilmend n yisteqsiyen i cudden ɣer tmukrist nezmer ad nessaweḍ ɣer turdiwin-a: Ahat
amaru deg wungal-agi yessemres yiwen n ṣṣenf n umsawal neɣ ugar. Ahat deg tsiwelt n
wungal-agi akud n tsiwelt yeεdel d win n teḥkayt. Ahat amaru yesseqdec kra n tfukas am
uglam d wayen-nniḍen.
Tarrayt n unadi
Tazrawt-nneɣ nesbedd-itt ɣef tesleḍt tasensiwlant deg wungal “ Amsebrid ” n Cabḥa

BEN GANA, akken ad nessiweḍ ad d-negg leqdic-agi nneɣ neḍfer tarrayt d teẓri n unagmay
8
Tazwart tamatut
GENETTE. Gérard, deg udlis-is Figure III, deg wayen yerzan tasensiwelt akken ad tt-
nessemres ɣef wungal-agi.
Tasnarrayt
Deg tezrawt-agi nneɣ nebḍa amahil ɣef sin yixfawen. Di tezwert ad d-nawi awal ɣef
tsekla taqbaylit s umata.
Deg yixef amenzu ad d-nawi awal ɣef wungal; amezruy-is d tbadut-is, d umgired yellan
gar-as d tullist, syin akkin ad d-nawi awal ɣef umaru d udlis-ines.
Deg yixef wis sin ad d-nemmeslay ɣef tsensiwelt d tsiwelt, amsawal, syin akkin ad d-
nexdem tasleḍt n yiwudam d wadeg d wakud deg wungal-agi.
9
Ixef amezwaru
Tanekda d tbadut n wungal “Amesbrid”.
Ixef amezwaru Tanekda d tbadut n wungal “Amsebrid ”
Tazwart
Deg yixef-a amezwaru, ad d-nawi awal ɣef umaru Cabḥa BEN GANA d wungal-is “
Amsebrid ”s akin ad nεeddi ɣer wungal s umata d umezruy-is, syin ad neεreḍ ad t-id-nesbadu,
ad nesserwes gar-as d tullist.
I-1 Awal ɣef umaru
Cabha BEN GANA d tamyarut, tlul ass n 30/12/89 di Micli. Tettidir di taddart n Kuku,
taɣiwant n At Yeḥya.Teɣra di tesnawit n teqcicin n Micli armi d-tiwi akayad n BAC tasekla d
tfelsafit deg 2008.Tekcem ɣer tesdawit Mulud AT Mεemmer n Tizi Wezzu,tiwi-d turagt di
tmaziɣt deg 2012, tettkemmil Master di tesnilest seg 2017 ɣer 2019.Texdem daɣen asileɣ d
tamekfaḍut n rradyu d tilivizyu (formation animatrice radio/tv).
I-2 Awal ɣef udlis “ Amsebrid ”
Amsebrid d ungal tura Cabḥa BEN GANA deg-s tewwi-d awal ɣef tedyant n tayri yellan
gar Usirem d Tlelli, rnu ɣer-s temmeslay-d ɣef kra n yisental-nniḍen yerzan timetti taqbaylit
Amedya: tagmat, tayri, iɣeblan n tmeṭṭut, Yeffɣed udlis-agi deg useggas 2019 ɣer tezrigin
Imru di tmurt n Lezzayer.
Ungal-agi yesεa azal n 117 n yisebtaren.Yexdem-as tazwart Saεid Cemax.
I-3 Agzul n wungal
Cabḥa BEN GANA deg ungal-is “Amsebrid” tewwid awal ɣef sin n watmaten iεedlen
iwumi teddukel tegmat, ttidiren deg yiwen n uxxam wigi d Muḥend Areẓqi d netta i d amenzu
d Ɛmer. Zedɣen di taddart n Tala Nat Qasi di temnaḍt n Micli. Muḥend Areẓqi d tafellaḥt i d
axeddim-is, yesεa sebεa n teqcicin d rebεa n warrac.
Tewεer fell-as ddunit ur d-yettawi ara talqimt alma yerwa-ten, ma d gma-s Ɛmer yettidir
di Fransa axeddim-is dinna i yella, ɣur-s tlata n dderya, yesεa adrim dɣa iεennu ɣef gma-s d
warraw-is yettεawan-it deg-sen .
Tameṭṭut n Muḥend Areẓqi qqaren-d medden fell-as d taεelǧet, dɣa d isem-is i d anamek-
is Ɛelǧiyya, ma d tameṭṭut n Ɛmer Seεdiyya qqaren-d tewεer d tamcumt.
Seεdiyya seg wakken tewεer tettεemmir aqerru n urgaz-is s yir tikta armi tessaweḍ
yemsebḍen d gma-s id-t-d-irebban di lḥif netta d warraw-is, iruḥ ɣer Fransa yegla s twacult-is,
d aya i yesnernan beṭṭu gar-asen.
11
Yeɣli-d unezgum ɣef watmaten segmi imsebḍan. Zrin wussan ɣef rrwaḥ n Ɛmer, yeggra-
d Muḥend Areẓqi yettnaɣ d lḥif weḥd-s, kra n wussan Ɛelǧiyya tfaq i yiman-is s tadist i tella,
daya i yerran iɣeblan ad nnernin acku ur zmiren ara ad d-yernu uεeyyal wis tnac ɣer twacult
ad t-aẓay teεkemt ugar fell-asen. Di tazwara ur qbilen ara s tadist-a, kra n wakud qeblen tukci
n Rebbi.
Ilul-d uqcic tsemma-as yemma-s “Asirem”, tessaram deg-s asirem-is ad t-yaweḍ yerna
ad d-yawi yid-s sseεd xas akka d mmi-s n temɣart.
Ɛeddan yiseggasen, yeffeɣ usirem n Ɛelǧiyya yuɣal mmi-s d argaz ixeddem ɣef uxxam,
yekkes taεkemt yellan ɣef yimawlan-is abeεda imi kul yiwen seg watmaten-is anda
yessraffeg, arrac ffɣen tullas zewǧent.
Di taddart anda yezdeɣ Usirem, tella yiwet n teqcict isem-is “ Tilelli” , teεdel mliḥ nettat
d nna Ɛelǧiyya d dda Muḥend Areẓqi, tḥemmel-iten teṭṭḍilli fell-asen, sya ɣer da ma yella kra
i ten-ixuṣṣen, acku Asirem d axeddam berra n taddart. Tilelli teqqar di tseddawit n Tizi-Uzzu,
sya ɣer da nna Ɛelǧiyya tettceyyiε-itt ɣer yelli-s Ḥayat yellan dinna, tettawi-as kra n lecɣal;
yuɣ llḥal Ḥayat d Tlelli d timedukal.
Yiwen n wass truḥ Tlelli ɣer tseddawit tegla s teqreεt n zzit is tceyyeε nna Ɛelǧiyya i
yelli-s Ḥayat, mi tewweḍ ɣer din temlal-d Asirem mi d-tekker ad truḥ teddukel yid-s,
yessaweḍ-itt ɣer wanida tleḥḥu, abrid slekmal wwint s tsusmi, yuɣ llḥal ttemsetḥin, yesdukel-
iten ala axir d lεeslama di taddart. seg wass-nni Asirem yerra ddehn-is ɣer Tlelli ma d nettat
tḥemmel-it seg zik. Uɣalen temlilin yal tikelt ama di taddart ama anida nniḍen, ttemeslayen,
ttemsawalen s tilifun, leḥya illan zik, tettwakkes lulen-d yiḥulfan n tayri ger-asen.
Γas akka zrin aṭas n yiseggasen ɣef beṭṭu n dda Muḥend Areẓqi d gma-s, mazal-it
yemmuɣben ɣef wayen i asen-d-yeḍran, daya i yeǧǧan nna Ɛelǧiyya ad d-taf tikti ara
yessemlilen atmaten yemsebḍan, ad d-terr tagmat gar-asen, tikti-a d zwaǧ n yelli-s Ɛmar
Kenza d Usirem.
Nna Ɛelǧiyya tekkukra amek ara as-tini i Usirem ɣef tikti-ines, tufa-d ala Tilelli i
izemren ad t-tqenneε imi teεdel yid-s; ɣur nna Ɛelǧiyya ulac yellan ger-asen.
Terza Tlelli ɣer nna Ɛelǧiyya am yal tikkelt, dɣa nettat tfuṛes tagnit tehder-as ɣef tedyant
n dda Muḥend Areẓqi d beṭṭu-ines d gma-s, tenna-as daɣen ɣef tikti yellan deg wallaɣ-is.
Tilelli mi tesla imeslayen-nni teṭṭef-it tergagit, tuɣal d tawraɣt maca tqubel-itt s uzmumeg,
teqbel ad texdem ayen i as-d-tenna.
12
Imeslayen-nni tesla Tlelli ttezzin kan deg wallaɣ-is, tettxemmim kan amek ara tqabel
Asirem, nettat ul-is ɣer daxel yeqber yekfa deg-s usirem ara teεfes ɣef wul-is, tules-as i
Usirem tadyant yeḍran d bab-s tifrat d-tufa yemma-s, ass nni i d-banen yiḥulfan n Usirem ɣer
Tlelli, acku yerfa, yugi tifrat-nni n yemma-s, yesteqsa-tt ɣef wayen yellan ger-asen, tenna-as:
‹‹ Ur yelli d acu i yellan ger-aneɣ, neɣ tɣileḍ imi ttmeslayeɣ yidek, yesdukul-aɣ ubrid, ttalseɣ-
ak-d, tettalseḍ-iyi-d lbaḍna-k yella kra yellan ? tɣelḍeḍ.›› annect-a tenna-as-t s nnig wul-is,
Asirem yettmuqul deg-s ur yumin ara imeslayen i yesla sɣur-s. Nettat truḥ netta yegzem-itt di
rray, yeqbel ad yaɣ Kenza akken ad yessefreḥ imawlan-is, xas lebɣi-s ur t-yettaweḍ ara. Seg
wass- nni Tilelli iɣab later-is, tarwel ɣer xwal-is imi ula d nettat teẓra lebɣi-s dayen ur t-
tettawed ara.
Nna Ɛelǧiyya tewweḍ ɣer yiswi-s, terra-as-d i dda Muḥend taεekkazt-ni tamactuḥt i as-
d-yeǧǧa baba-s, gma-s lexḍubeyya n yelli-s n Ɛmer d Kenza i mmi-s Asirem. Ma d Asirem
teḍra-as am win i itetten talqimet ur as-nehwi tɣab teḍsa seg wudem-is yegguma ad yettu
Tilelli, ma d nettat yuɣ lḥal tettidir yir ussan, tettas-d tikkelt i wacḥal si xwal-is, teṭṭilli-d ɣer
yimawlen-is, anecta s tufra ɣef gma-s acku d netta id sebba n trewla-ines seg uxxam imi yella
mgal rwaḥ-is ɣer tesdawit, yettwali belli tameṭṭut amkan-is deg uxxam ma d Tilelli texdem
lebɣi-is xas ulama tenṭṭer.
Di tallit-nni Ḥayet tuḍen ugur n Tlelli imi acḥal aya ur d-ban, truḥ tesseqsa fell-as, mi
tesla ayen yeḍran yides tules-as, i gma-s sdat n texḍibt-is Kenza, Asirem yeffeɣ-it leεqel, imir
kan tfaq Kenza belli mazal-it iḥemmel Tilelli, daya i ten-yeǧǧan ad nnaɣen.Tekker-d Kenza
azekka-nni tessawel-as i baba-s, tenna-as belli beɣiɣ ad uɣaleɣ ɣer Fransa. Mi tewweḍ ɣer
din, tules tadyant-is i temdukkal-is d ultma-s ,nutenti fkant-as llḥaq, Kenza tuɣal tufa-d
ameddakel di Fransa temsebḍa nettat d usirem.
Zrin kra n wussan terza Ḥayat ɣef Tlelli ɣer uxxam n xwal-is, tedda yid-s nna Ɛelǧiyya,
ass nni i tesla Tlelli s beṭṭu n Usirem d Kenza.
Mi d uɣalent s axxam ulsent as-d i Usirem d dda Muḥend aṛezqi ɣef liḥala ideg tella
Tlelli, dɣa imir kan msefhamen ad qenneεen gma-s n Tlelli, Lyas, akken ad d-yerr uletma-s s
axxam s lemεawna n ṭṭamman n taddart.
Tilelli tuɣal-d ɣer taddart, s axxam n yimawlan-is, uɣalent-d yid-s ccfawat n zik,
dduqsen-d yiḥulfan- is ɣer Usirem widak tebɣa ad tettu.
13
Asirem tuki-d deg-s tayri n Tlelli, imi deg uxxam-nsen ala fell-as i hedderen. Yemmekta-
d idlisen n Tlelli i yellan ɣur-s, yeddem-iten-id yettqellib deg-sen, yufa tazmamt ideg tettaru,
mi tt-yeɣra ifaq s yiḥulfan i teffer fell-as n tayri. Tlelli tsemma-as deg tira-s ‹‹Agelid n tirga-
w››.
Tusa-d lmut tewwi dda Muḥend Areẓqi, ur nestumen i wussan n lxir d talwit i as-d-
yeggran ɣer tewsar-is, yemmut ḥeznen fell-as meẓẓi meqqer; d argaz n lεali. At uxxam
kemmelen ussan-nsen s teummuɣbent ladɣa nna Ɛelǧiyya.
Zrin kra n wussan tsubb Tlelli ɣer Tizi-Uzzu akken ad ttekki di temzizelt n uselmed,
tεedda ɣer Ḥayat tensa ɣur-s imi tt-thawet. Azekka-nni teqqim Tlelli weḥd-s deg uxxam acku
tweṣṣa-tt Ḥayat ur tettruhu ara arma tuɣal-d seg uɣerbaz n mmi-s.
Akken kra n wakud, yewweḍ-d Usirem; ziɣ d Ḥayat i yebɣan ad ten-tssemlil akken ad
msefhamen. QQimen deg uxxam, tasusmi ters-d, amzun d iberraniyen. cit kan aka yebda-d
Usirem awal, yehder-as-d i Tlelli ɣef tayri ten-yesduklen d wamek msebḍan, netta yettmeslay
nettat tettru, tessutur-as ad as-yessuref, armi d taggara n l uɣalen yal yiwen yenna i wayeḍ
“Ḥmmleɣ-k”.
Mi d-uɣalent tullas-nni ɣer taddart, tules-as-d Ḥayat i nna Ɛelǧiyya ɣef tayri n Tlelli d
Usirem, dɣa tlum iman-is ɣef wayen yeḍran yid-sen.
Tεedda ddurt, texḍeb-as-d nna Ɛelǧiyya Tilelli i Usirem, ur yewwiḍ ara useggas zewǧen,
wwḍen ɣer yiswi-nsen, ddren di tumert d tayri, mεawanen ɣef tlufa n dunnit, ula d nna
Ɛelǧiyya tufa iman-is ger-asen.
Yiwen n yiḍ tedduqqes-d nna Ɛelǧiyya seg yir targit i as-yesruḥen nnadam. mi d-yewweḍ
ssbaḥ tekcem ɣer tnawalt (tkuzint ) tufa Tilelli, tules-as-d targit dɣa ɣlin-as yifenǧalen gar
yifassen-is, din din ata tilifun; d Ḥsen amdakel n Usirem i d-yessawlen, yewwi-as-d isali n
Usirem yellan di sbiṭar, tekcem-iten-t tuggdi, nna Ɛelǧiyya tegumma ad tesber, Tilelli ɣas
tuggad tettsebbir nanna-s, tesfillit ɣer wayen yelhan.
Ruḥent ɣer sbiṭar, mi wwḍent ufant imdukal n Usirem ɣef tewwurt, tasusmi ters-d gar-
asen, yenṭeq-d yiwen seg-sen yenna-as-d belli lamana tewwed bab-is, Asirem dayen yemmut,
meǧdent di snat, yekfa ssber d tebɣest. Yeffeɣ yisalli n tmettant n Usirem, ayetma-s yessetma-
s wwḍen-d anida ma llan, ggugmen yemdanen macci d menwala i yemmuten, lmut-is teǧǧa-d
tacaḥuṭ deg wul n yemma-s, tekfa fell-as dunnit. Tilelli seg wakken tḥemmel, ur tumen ara s
lmut-is, armi i as-d-yusa di targit i tumen dayen teqḍeε layas. Ɛeddan 20 n wussan terza ɣef
14
uẓekka n Usirem, tettru din armi i d-tufa iman-is di sbiṭar, dinna i teẓra s tadist i tella, d ayen i
tt-isferḥen ɣas akken tennuɣna, anezgum i d-yeǧǧa Usirem d ayen ur neshil, lameεna wagi d
asirem amaynut i nettat i nna Ɛelǧiyya.
Tga-d tibɣest s tmara, temmuqel lemri am wakken tuɣ tannumi txeddem, tenna-as:‹‹Ass
a d ass amaynut ›› ‹‹ d ass amaynut a mmi ›› teddem tazmamt-is tebda tira ‹‹ tudert a mmi,
amdan d amsebrid kan …›› .
I-4 Tabadut n wungal
Ungal d tawsit gar tewsatin n tsekla yuran, ad t-naf d aḍris ɣezzifen i deg ṭṭuqten
yiwudam d yinḍruyen d tigawin.
SALḤI.M.A yenna-d belli ‹‹ ungal d tawsit n tsekla. Ungal, ur yeεdil ara netta d tullist
ungal d aḍris ɣezzifen, mačči am tullist.Tin ɣer-s ttuqquten deg-s iwudam yerna, tasiwelt-ines
tecbek nnig n tin n tullist ››.1
Akken i d-yenna RAIMAND.M ‹‹ Akken daɣen ara naf ɣer Robert ungal d aḍris n usugen
n tesrit ɣezzifen n win id yemmalen neɣ yessidiren deg wadeg n yiwudam n tillawt, yettajja-aɣ
nettissin tanefsit-nsen d wayen ara idiren.››2
Ma deg usegzawal n larousse yedda-d wawal ɣef wungal dakken :‹‹ Ungal d yiwen n udlis id
yettilin s tserit meqqar, yettales-d tidyanin yeḍran. Nettaf daɣen iḥulfan d wayen akk icudden
ɣer tilawt.››3
I-5 Amezruy n wungal
Di lqern wis 19, mi d-kecmen yiṛumyen ɣer tmurt n Lezzayer, ufan-d agdud Aqbayli
yesεa tabɣest d tissas. Dɣa yarra-ten lḥal ad issinen tutlayt akken ad asen-afen abrid wa ad
fehmen amek i tleḥḥu tmetti-agi. Dɣa din i d-tlul tikti, yebda-d ubrid n uzgar n teqbaylit ɣer
tira. Asmi ijerden yiserdasen d yimrabḍen iṛumyen tasekla timawit am: tmucuha ,inzan d
tmedyazt gar-asen A.MOULIERAS, HANOUTEAU. Aneggaru-agi yejmeε-d tamedyazt
isemma-as ‹‹ les poésies populaire de la kabylie de jurjura di 1867 ››. Yejmaε-d deg-s azal n
621 n yisefra. Syin usan-d kra seg wat tmurt ,ula d nutni ḍefren abrid-agi n yiṛumyen
1
SALḤI.M.A, asegzawal ameẓẓyan n tsekla, L’odyssée,Tizi Wezzu,2012,sb 70
2
RAIMAND.M, le roman, ed armand coline, Paris,1989, sb 20‹‹le roman est une œuvre d’imagination en prose,
assez longue, qui présente et fait vivre dans un lieu des personnages donnés comme réels, nous fait connaitre
leur psychologie, leur destin, leur aventures.››
3
Le petit Larousse Illustré, PARIS CEDEX 06 ,2003 sb 898 ‹‹ œuvre narrative, en prose ou en vers, écrit en
langue romane.››
15
kemmlen deg ujmaε n tsekla-agi timawit am Boulifa mi yura adlis isemma-as ‹‹ méthode de la
langue kabyle ›› di 1913, deg-s ad d-naf iḍrisen s teqbaylit ttawin-d ɣef tmetti taqbaylit;
daymi ara naf S.CHAKER deg umagrad-is ‹‹ la naissance d’une littérature écrite ›› yenna-d:
‹‹ Boulifa yezmer yiwen ad t-yaḥseb d netta i d amaru amenzu n tesrit taqbaylit ››. Γas ulama
iḍrisen-agi ur ttwaḥsaben ara d tasekla maca d nutni i d-yeldin tawwurt i usnulfu aseklan. Syin
yerna-d Belaid At Ali i yettwaḥsaben d amesnulfu amenzu, neɣ ahat d ababat n tsekla
tamirant n leqbayel s yeḍrisen i yura deg yiseggasen n 1940,maca ur d-ffiɣen ara almi d 1963
ɣer yimrabḍen iṛumyen J.M.DALLET d J.L.DEGAZELLE di F.D.B ‹‹ ficher de
documentation berbère ››, fɣen-d s yisem n tezmamin n Belaid Ait Ali neɣ ‹‹ la kabylie
d’antan ››.yiwen seg yiḍrisen-agi i yura Belaid At Ali d aḍris n ‹‹ lwali n udrar›› llan seg
yinagmayen wid i t-iḥesben d ungal amenzu s tutlayt n teqbaylit.
Deg yiseggasen n rebεin d asawen yeqqim unnar n wungal d ilem ulac d acu i d-snulfan
deg-s, almi d iseggasen n tmanyin i tebda tebḥirt n tsekla-a tamirant teǧǧuǧuǧ, anda tawsit n
wungal, tban-d d tamaynut deg tsekla-agi tamirant, tawsit-agi tlul-d deg tegnit n lḥers, tugdi, d
umennuɣ ɣef tutlayt, imi di tallit-agi tella tettwagel. Adlis amenzu i d-yeffɣen yettwaru-d fell-
as yisem n wungal d win i yura R.ALLICHE aseggas n1980, isemma-as ‹‹ Asfel ››. Syin d
asawen aṭas n yimyura i d-iḍefren ALLICHE am S.SADI, A.MEZDAD, S.ZENIA. Simmal
imyura, neɣ inagalen rennun-d, ayagi igellu-d s unerni deg wuṭṭun n wungalen i d-yetteffɣen
yal aseggas.1
Di tallit-agi taneggarut ad d-naf aṭas n tlawin i ikecmen annar n tira taqbaylit,

tamezwarut d KUDAC Linda i yuran ungal amezwaru s tutlayt n teqbaylit, syen akin aṭas i
tiḍfren gar-asent LWIZ Dihya, ḤARAC Tinhinan, DWALA Wezna,…atg.
Ad d-nefren kra gar yimyura n wungal s teqbaylit:
1- Saεid SAƐDI :
- “ Askuti ” 1983 .
2-Ɛmer MEZDAD :
- “ Iḍ d wass ” 1990 .
-“ Tagrest Urɣu ” 2000 .
1
TALBI .Wezna , tasleḍt tasnazmulit n yiwudam deg wungal tettḍilli-d , ur d-tkeččem n Ɛmer MEZDAD , 2016,
sb.08.www.univ-bouira.dz, consulté le 07.02.20 à 10h45 .
16
-“ Ass-nni ” 2006 .
-“Teṭṭilli-d ur d-tkeččem ” 2014 .
-“ Yiwen n wass deg tefsut ” 2015 .
3-Salem ZINYA :
-“Tirga n yidir ” 1993 .
-“ Tafrara ” 1995 .
-“Iɣil d wefru” 2002.
-“ Tifeswin ” 2004 .
4- Amar UḤEMZA :
-“Si tedyant ɣer tayeḍ” 1994.
5-Belεid ḤAMDANI :
-“Nek aked d kem , kem aked nek ”1998 .
6-Aḥmed NEKKAR :
-“ Yugar ucerrig tafawet ” 1999 .
-“ Ger ẓẓebra d yifḍisen ” 2012 .
- “ Tajeǧǧigt n Meɣres ” 2015 .
7- Saεid IƐEMARAC :
-“Tasga n ṭṭlam”2000.
8- Muḥand ARKAT :
-“Abrid n tala” 2001 .
-“Tameɣra di taddart ”2013 .
9-Brahim TAZAΓART :
- “ Salas d nuja ” 2003 .
-“ Inig aneggaru ” 2013 .
17
-“ Nayla ” 2015 .
10-Ɛumer DAḤMUN :
-“Bu tqulhatin ”2003 .
-“Agu ”2007.
11- Yusef UBELLIL :
-“Arrac n tefsut ” 2004 .
12-Linda KUDAC :
-“ Aεecciw n tmess ” 2009 .
-“ Tamacahut taneggarut ” 2018.
13- Yucef ACURI :
-“Ijejjigen n ccwal” 2009 .
14-Buεlam RABYA :
-“Nnig usennan” 2009.
15- Nasira CERIFI :
-“Tafsut mebla ijeǧǧigen” 2011 .
16-Ḥusin LUNI
-“ Tfukk ur Tfukk ara ” 2013 .
-“Asebaɣ”2017.
17-M’henni XALIFI :
“ Asdawan ” 2014 .
18- Murad IRNATEN :
-“Madrus” 2014.
19- Fahim MESƐUDAN :
-“Anza ” 2016.
18
20-Dihya LWIZ :
-“Gar yigeni d tmurt ”2017 .
21-Racida BEN SIDHUM :
-“lhif d usirem ”2018 .
-“Icenga n tudert” 2020.
22-Chabha BEN GANA :
-“Amsebrid” 2019.
23-Wezna DWALA :
-“Iseflan n tudert ”2020.
24- Lyes BELƐIDI :
-“Yezger asaka ”2020.
25-Murad ZIMU :
-“Kawitu” 2020 .
26-Zuhra LAΓA :
-“Tameddit n wass” 2020.
I-6 Amgarad yellan gar ungal d tullist
Ungal d tullist d tiwsatin n tesrit n tsekla tamirant yettwarun maca mgaradent. Di tazwara
ad d-naf mgaradent deg talɣa, tullist d aḍris meẓẓiyen ( wezzil ), ma d ungal d aḍris ɣezzifen.
Akken ara d-naf tullist tetteddu-d deg wammud, macci am wungal yettili deg udlis iman-is.
Am wakken ara d-naf daɣen deg ungal ṭṭuqten yineḍruyen d wakud, aglam, dayen ur nettili
ara di tullist,akken i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹…….di tullist ur ittili ara aṭas n uglam d
yiwenniten d yiwudam ;s umata deg ungal i ittili wayagi ››.1 Rnu ɣer waya deg tullist tettili-d
yiwet n tedyant, ma deg ungal ttilint-d aṭas n tedyanin.Ungal yettawi-d ɣef waṭas n yisental
ma d tullist yella anida nettaf siwa yiwen n usentel kan.
1
Ibid sb.68
19
I-7 Tulmisin n wungal
I-7-1 Tutlayt deg ungal
Tutlayt d allal n taywalt, yis-s i d-qqaren medden tiktiwin-nsen. Deg ungal-agi amaru
yessexdem taqbaylit timserreḥt d tutlayt n yal ass tin yezmer ad yefhem yal imeɣri, yella anda
yessexdem awalen ijentaḍen, maca annect-a ittekka deg ccbaḥa n uḍris d usiweḍ n yizen
akken iwata.
I-7-2 Adeg deg ungal
Adeg d amkan ideg ḍrant tigawin n uḍris ullis s umata, yezmer ad yili deg tilawt akken
yezmer ad yili deg usugen i t-id-yessugen umaru. deg ungal-agi amaru yessemres adeg yellan
di tilawt.
I-7-3 Akud deg ungal
Akud d aferdis agejdan di lebni n uḍris ullis, yemmal-d tagnit ideg ttemseḍfarent tigawin
n teḥkayt. Yal amaru yessexdam akud akken ad d-yesban melmi ḍrant tigawin deg uḍris.
I-7-4 Adiwenni deg ungal
Adiwenni d ammud n yimeslayen ara d-yilin gar sin n medden neɣ ugar. Am wakken i d-
yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ d aḍris ideg yettili umeslay gar sin (neɣ ugar) n yiwudam.Yezmer
udiwenni ad yili d aḥric deg yiwen n uḍris am wungal neɣ tullist ››.1 deg ungal agi amaru
yessemres adiwenni gar yiwudam
I-7-5 Awadem deg wungal
Iwudam Sεan azal meqqren di tuddsa n teḥkayt, d nutni i d-lsas di lebni n tsiwel deg
uḍris ullis. Amaru ur yezmi ara ad yaru aḍris ullis mebla iwudam acku d nutni i yesselḥuyen
ineḍruyen.
Deg ungal-agi amaru yessemres aṭas n yiwudam, yal yiwen yefka-as azal d twuri i as-
ilaqen. Llan sin leṣnef n yiwudam: igejdanen d isnawanen.
I-7-6 Aglam deg wungal
1
Ibid sb.10
20
Aglam d yiwen seg tulmisin tigejdanin yettilin deg uḍris ullis s umata, d win i irennun
ccbaḥa i uḍris. ɣef waya i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ d aḍris neɣ d aḥric deg uḍris i d-yettaken
isallen ɣef uwadem neɣ ɣef umdan, ɣef tɣawsa, ɣf wadeg, neɣ ɣef tigawt, …aglam, yesεa azal
d ameqqran di tira n tsekla acku, isuddus aḍris, yerna ittcebbiḥit ››.1
I-7-7 Tasiwelt deg wungal
D tarrayt yeḍfer umsawal di tsiwelt n teḥkayt, yezmer umsawal ad-dyales tidyanin akken
mseḍfarent di teḥkayt, am wakken yezmer ad yessizwer tidyanin ɣef tiyaḍ.
I-7-8 Ineḍruyen d tigawin
D aferdis agejdan di lebni n uḍris ullis, d nutni is-yettaken tudert; ineḍruyen-agi beddun
mi ara tekres taluft neɣ mi ara yili kra n ugur.
Taggrayt
Γer taggara n yixef-agi nessaweḍ ad nesbadu ungal, mi nesserwes gar-as d tullist nufa-d
belli yella wanda mxallafen amedya: taɣessa n wungal ɣezzifet ɣef tin n tullist, am wakken
ara d naf yella umcabi gar-asent. Tullist tezmer ad tuɣal d ungal.
1
Ibid sb.18
21
Ixef wis sin
Tasleḍt tasensiwlant i wungal “ Amsebrid ”
Ixef wis sin Tasleḍt tasensiwlant i wungal “ Amsebrid”
Tazwart
Deg yixef-agi wis sin ad d-nefk tibadutin n tsensiwelt, tasiwelt d tin n umsawal d leṣnef-
ines syin akin ad d-nemmeslay ɣef yiwudam leṣnef-ines, adeg d wakud daxel n wungal-agi.
II-1Tasensiwelt
Tasensiwelt d tamiḍrant tamaynut i d-innulfan deg tagara n yiseggasen n 60, d tussna n tsiwelt
d tazrawt ɣef yiferdisen yemxallafen yellan gar teḥkayt d wullis.
Akken i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹Tasensiwelt, d tezrewt ɣef iferdisen i d-yettaken aḍris n

tsiwelt s timmad-is, am umsawal d tewsatin-ines, am tkerrist d wakud,… atg.
Tban-d tmiḍrant-agi n tsensiwelt di tlemmast n lqern wis 20. Ma yella d awal i d-immalen
tazrawt-a, yesnulfa-t-id Tzvitan Todorov deg iseggasen n 60 ››.1
Akken ad d-naf ɣer GENETTE.G ‹‹ D tazrawt n uḍris asiwlan s tmuɣli ɣer tulsa n
teḥkayt, yessmgired ger tmeḍranin: taḥkayt, ullis, tasiwelt, yefka-d kraḍ n yinumak i wawal n
teḥkayt di tsiwelt, amezwaru d inaw imawi neɣ irawi deg tullsa n uneḍruy neɣ agraw n
yineḍruyen2 , ma deg unamek wis sin i yefka i teḥkayt, d agraw n yineḍruyen, d ilawayen neɣ d
isugnan, id d-yettaken asentel i yinaw deg wassaɣen yemgaraden ( tameẓla, amseḍfer, d
umyellel )3 , deg unamek wis kraḍ, aneḍruy, acu maci d aneḍruy nni kan id yettwalsen, yella
yiwen n uwadem id yettalsen kra, ayagi d tigawt n tullsa ››.4
II-2-Tasiwelt
Tasiwelt d tarrayt i yeṭṭafar umsawal akken ad d-yessiwel taḥkayt-is deg uḍris ullis s
umata, temmal-d amek yella lebni n teḥkayt daxel-is.
Ad d-naf ɣer SALḤI.M.A ‹‹tasiwelt d abrid i yeḍfer umsawal akken ad yeḥku ineḍruyen
n teḥkayt. Yezmer umsawal (netta di tilawt d tamsalt yeqqnen ɣer lebɣi n umaru imi ayagi d
tamsalt n ufran n uɣanib )ad d-yeḥku (ad d-isawel) ineḍruyen akken mesḍfaren di teḥkayt;
Yezmer diɣen ad isizwer ineḍruyen ɣef wiyaḍ. Yezmer ad isifes tasiwelt neɣ ad tt-yerr d
taẓayant. ad tifsus tsiwelt mi ara mesḍfaren yinḍruyen wa deffir wayeḍ ur yili d acu i ten-id-
1
SALḤI.M.A, Op.Cite sb58
2
GENETTE.G , Figure III ,Ed , le Seuil , paris, 1972, sb 71‹‹ Récit désigne l’énoncé narratif , le discours oral ou
écrit qui assume la relation d’une série d’évènement ››.
3
Ibid, ‹‹… récit désigne la succession d’événement , réels , ou fictifs , qui font l’objet de ce discours , et leur
diverses relations d’enchainement , d’opposition , de répétition etc ››.
4
Ibid, ‹‹ … récit désigne encore un événement : non plus toute fois celui que l’on raconte , mais celui qui
consiste en ce que quelqu’un raconte quelque chose : l’acte de narrer pris en lui-même ››
24
ḥbbsen. Ma ulac aṭas n uglam, ulac aṭas n yiwenniten d waṭas n yidiwenniyen gar yiwudam,
ad tili tsiwelt fessuset. Ad taẓẓay tsiwelt ma yella umsawal ittwessif-d aṭas (ama d iwudam
ama d adeg ama dayen niḍen ), yerna isentaq-d aṭas iwudam n teḥkayt, yerna ittak-d
iwenniten (ama ines ama n wiyaḍ )Meḥsub, taggara n wawal: d aglam d yiwenniten d
yidiwenniyen ur nettaǧǧa ara ineḍruyen ad mseḍfaren wa deffir wayeḍ; d nitni i ten-iferqen
akken ad tiɣzif teḥkayt yerna ad taẓẓay tsiwelt-ines.›› 1
Akken ara d-naf REUTER.Y yenna-d ‹‹ tasiwelt tessebyyan-d tifukkas tigejdanin id-
yessedayen asuddes n teḥkayt. ››2
Ad d-naf daɣen GENETTE .G yenna-d ‹‹ Tasiwelt d asekkir asiwlan n usemɣer, d agraw

n tegnatin n tilawt neɣ n usugen ››3 .yenna-d daɣen ‹‹ tasiwelt d taɣara n umsawal amek i
yeqqen ineḍruyen n teḥkayt ››.4
II-3 Amsawal
Amsawal d aferdis agejdan i ɣef tebna tsiwelt, yettales-d ineḍruyen n teḥkayt.
Ilmend n REUTER.Y id-yenna‹‹ amsawal win id yettawin neɣ id iḥkun taḥkayt daxel n
udlis maca yella kan deg wawal d ay-agi i t-ijan ad yili d amsawal agensay, ay-agi yesεa
aḥric d ameqran deg tlelli n umaru.Yis ara tεqleḍ beli d yiwen i yuran ungal wa d t-frneḍ win
i t-yuran ma d argaz neɣ tamṭṭut d wakud i ɣur ihedar d amiran, d izri neɣ d imal.››5
Akken daɣen ara naf ɣer SALḤI.M.A dakken ‹‹amsawal d win i d-issawalen (i d-ḥekkun
) taḥkayt (deg udris n tsiwelt ). Amsawal, yemxalaf ɣef umaru. Amaru, d amdan yettidiren di
tilawt, ma d amsawal yettli kan deg uḍris. D taɣect-nni i d-iḥekkun deg uḍris (ama d ungal,
ama d tullist neɣ d ṣṣenf nniḍen n uḍris n tsiwelt››.6
Llan kraḍ(03) n leṣnef n umsawal :
1
Ibid sb 60
2
REUTTER .Y, L’analyse du Récit, Armand Colin ,2011 sb. 40 ‹‹ La narration désigne les grands choix
technique qui régissent l’organisation de la fiction dans le récit qui l’expose ››.
3
GENETTE .G .Op.cite sb 72 ‹‹ Narration l’acte narratif producteur et par extension l’ensemble de la situation
réel ou fiction dans laquelle il prend place ››
4
Ibid ‹‹ La narration est la façon dont le narrateur lie les faits de l’histoire ››
5
REUTER .Y.Op Cite sb. 30 ‹‹le narrateur est celui qui semble raconter l’histoire à l’intérieur du livre mais
n’existe qu’en mot dans le texte .Il constitue ,en quelque sorte ,un énonciateur interne .Cette distinction fonde en
grande partie la liberté de l’écrivain .Elle permet de comprendre qu’un même auteur puisse écrire un roman en
choisissant un narrateur homme ou femme, passé , présent ou futur …››
6
SALḤI.M.A Op Cit sb. 29
25
II-3-1 Amsawal agensay :
Di ṣṣenf-agi amsawal yettili d awadem gar yiwudam n teḥkayt, tamusni-is taεdel d tin n
yiwudam nniḍen.
Akken it id-yesbadu SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ D amsawal i d-iḥekkun taḥkayt ideg itteki netta s

timmad-is: d awadem gar yiwudam niḍen.Yessen ayen i ssnen akk iwudam niḍen, mači am
umsawal aniri. Ṣṣenf-agi n umsawal, iga amzun d anagi n teḥkayt i d-iḥekku ››.1
II-3-2 Amsawal aniri :
D amsawal yellan beṛṛa n teḥkayt yeẓra ayen ur ẓrin ara yiwudam nniḍen.
Tabadut is-yefka SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ D amsawal i d-iḥekkun taḥkayt ideg ur yelli ara d

awadem .Ssenf-agi n umsawal iẓera akk ayen yellan di teḥkayt; ayen yessen d wayen yeẓra
yugar ayen ssnen d wayen ẓran yiwudam ittekkin di teḥkayt i d-iḥekku ….Mi ara yili ssenf-agi
n umsawal yettili aṭas usexdem n wudem wis tlata n wasuf, amatar udmawan “Y” neɣ “ t”
deg yimyagen (neɣ udem wis tlata n usget, amatar udmawan “n“ d ”nt“ )akken diɣen i
ṭṭuqquten yimqimen ilelliyen netta, nettat, nitni d nitenti.››.2
II-3-3 Amsawal awadem :
Yettili umsawal d awadem mi ara d-yettales tadyant-is .
Akken i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ Ittusemma umsawal d amesawal awadem mi ara tili

teḥkayt i d-iḥekku d taḥkayt-is ( d ayen yeḍran yid-s )lmeεna-s dagi, awadem i d-isawalen
taḥkayt-ines. Mi ara yettwasexdem ssenf-agi n umsawal, yettili aṭas usexdem n yimyagen deg
udem amenzu (amatar udemawan “ɣ” akken yettili aṭas umqim ilelli “ nekk” ››.3
Deg ungal agi “ Amsebrid ”amsawal d aniri acku ur yelli ara gar yiwudam n teḥkayt seg
tazwara armi taggara, ur d-yegir ara iman-is, yettales-d taqsit n yiwudam igejdanen.
Amedya:
‹‹ Yewwi abrid ɣer temdint n Tizi Wezzu, yeṭṭef-as afus i mmi-s, deg ufus nniḍen , yewwi
rradyuwat akken ad tent-iẓer umejjay. Qrib i ten-tewwet tkerrust, sag wakken iruḥ leεqel-is,
yezger-d, ur tt-iwala ara mi d-tetteddu ›› . Sb 11
Amedya :
1
Ibid sb.30
2
Ibid sb.30
3
Ibid sb. 31 32
26
‹‹ Muḥend Areẓqi d amsedrar, izedɣen di taddart n Tala n At Qasi tezga-d di temnaḍt n

Micli, yesεa rebεa n warrac d sebεa n teqcicin, yezdeɣ netta d gma-s amecṭuḥ Ɛmer, yesεa ula
d netta tlata n warraw-is, sin n warrac d yiwet n teqcict ››. Sb 12
Amedya :
‹‹ Meqqer Usirem, yekfa-d leqraya-s, din din yufa-d lxedma, d winna ɣer yexdem tannant
n usileɣ i t-yeṭṭfen ɣur-s d axeddam, acku iwala-t yezwer, d aqcic lεali axeddim-s zeddig ››. Sb
25
Amedya :
‹‹ Tilelli d tanelmadt di tseddawit Lmulud Mεemmri di Tizi Wezzu, ussan n ddurt akk din
i ten-tesεedday, ala lexmis d lǧemεa i tettas s axxam neɣ ticki ur teɣri ara ››.Sb 31
II-4 Tamuɣli tasiwlant
Tamuɣli tasiwlant, tesεa azal meqqar deg uḍris ullis, deg-s tettban-d tmuɣli n umsawal
deg wayen i d-yettales. Imnuda fkan-as aṭas n yismawen yal yiwen amek i a-isemma ( point
du vue, vision,…), ma d GENETTE.G ifka-as isem n ( focalisation ) ; Asmessi; yefka-d kraḍ
n leṣnaf :
II-4-1 Asmessi agensay
Amsawal yettales-d isallen yerzan awadem-nni kan i d-yeḥekkun, ikeččem deg yiman n
uwadem-nni, ttuɣalen d yiwen, yettales-d ineḍruyen s tmuɣli-s. Ur yezmir ara ad d-yawi ɣef
texmam d yiḥulfan n yiwudam nniḍen.
II-4- 2 Asmessi aniri
Di ṣṣenf-agi, amsawal yezga-d berra n wullis iḥekku-d ayen i d-yettwali si berra, ur yeẓri
ara iḥulfan d wayen ttxemmimen yiwudam, ur yesεi ara aṭas n yisallen fell-asen, iḥekku-d,
tamusni-s qel n tin n yiwudam.
II-4-3 Asemessi ilem
Amsawal di ṣṣenf-agi yessen kra yellan ɣef yiwudam, yeẓra ayen ttxemmimen d wayen
ttḥulfun, yeẓra ugar n wayen ẓran yiwudam, d netta i yesslḥayen ineḍruyen akken i as-yehwa.
Deg tsiwelt n wungal-agi, asemessi d ilem, acku amaru yessen iwudam akken ilaq, yeẓra
akk ayen ttxemmimen d wayen ttḥulfun, yezra akk tigawin n uḍris ulac acu yeffren fell-as.
27
Amedya :
‹‹ Mačči d yiwet i d-iεeddan s aqerry-is, tenna deg wul-is: “Ad εeddiɣkan ad d-ḍeggreɣ
iman-iw seg walbeεḍ n yiceṛfan, ad iyi-ččen yiɣeẓran, neɣ ad kecmeɣ ɣer temda ara yi-
isebelεen, meqqar ad yeɣbu later-iw, ad yeddu yid-i ugejdur-agi, fiḥel ma ḥeccmeɣ iman-iw,
ad rnuɣ arraw-iw. ”››Sb 23.24
Amedya 1 :
‹‹ Ma yella d Seεdiyya tameṭṭut n Ɛmer d timɣellit, yezdeɣ-itt nnḥas d ddɣel, d tismin, ɣas
yella ulac, diri-t xas yelha, aεebbuḍ d talafsa, allaɣ d ilem, akken txedmeḍ yid-s tḥeṣleḍ, am
win iceṭḥen i uderɣel, limmer ad tt-tawiḍ ɣer lǧennet, ur tmennεeḍ ara seg ucekti-yines ››. Sb
13.
Amedya 2:
‹‹ Texleḍ teḍsa d yimeṭṭi, iteffer udem-is akken ur t-yettwali yiwen. Yebɣa ad d-

yemmeslay, ad d-yini kra ara t-iɣummen, maca yeggumz ad d-yali yimesli, yessbebleε kan
imetman, limmer ad tṣubb tkurt i iḥeṣlen di tgerjumt-is. ››. Sb 35
Amedya 3 :
‹‹ Asirem d Tlelli uɣalen am yiḍudan n ufus, rẓan cckal i tsusmi d leḥya i ten-yurzen di
sin.Ulawen ffin, feggḍen d tayri maca wa ur yenni i wa; nettat si tama ur teẓri ara d acu
yettḥulfu ɣur-s, teẓra kan belli yettnzdi fell-as, yettaggad fell-as, teẓra daɣen belli tḥemmel-itt
ugar n wayen tḥemmel iman-is ››. Sb 56
28
II-5-Iwudam
Iwudam, d aferdis agejdan seg yiferdisen i ɣef yebna uḍris ullis, fell-asen i tebna tsiwelt,
d nutni i yessudduyen tigawin d yineḍruyen daxel n teḥkayt, mxalafen seg udris ɣer wayed,
seg umaru ɣer wayeḍ.
REUTEUR.Y seg tama-s yenna-d ‹‹ Di tazwara awdem yettban-d s keffu n temlilit-is,

ilugan-is, d ttulsa, d iwudam nni kan ii d-yettuɣalen deg uḍris ɣer wayed , imi d nutni i d-
yessebganen udem n tilawt di tmetti akken iwata. Tudert nsen deg uḍris tettban anida ara
taweḍ. Iwudam ttidiren deg uḍris, mebla tilelli,imi yettuhegga di tazwara wayen ara sεeddin.
Aṭas n tmuɣliwin i yellan fell-asen: kra d ttid n tmetti, ur twaεzalen ara amdan ɣef urbaε-is
aked tmurt-is, tiyaḍ d tugzimin i d-yettḥettimen amek ara yili usnulfu, amek ara yettwassen
ɣer yimsefliden, ayen yesdarayen aglam d tiririt-is ɣer ilugan d wansayen n yidles .››1
Akken i d-yenna daɣen ‹‹ Iwudam sεan tamlilt tameqrant deg tudsa n teḥkayin
sebganent tigawin, xeddmen assaɣ ger-asent, ttaken-asent anamek s wudem nniden, yal
taḥkayt d taḥkayt n yiwudam ɣef waya tasleḍt nsen xedment aṭas n yimnuda.››2
Akken i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹Awadem d aferdis agejdan di tsekla n tsiwelt am netta,

am tigawt, am tkerrist, am wakud, am wadeg, …››3
Seg tbadutin-agi ad negzu akken awadem deg udris yettwaqqen ɣer usugen n umaru, ur
llin ara d imedanen n tidet, akken yebɣa ad t-yessedu deg uḍris-is. Rnu ɣer-s awadem
yessebgan-d timetti yerna yesskfalay-d ayen yellan deg-s.
II-5-1 leṣnaf n yiwudam
Iwudam deg ungal agi d wid yebḍan ɣef sin lesnef ,llan wid umi yettak umaru azal, ttuɣalen-d
di yal aneḍru ,akken daɣen ara d-naf wiyaḍ ur s n-ittak ara azal d abedar kan ten-d-ibder deg
yinḍruyen n teḥkayt .
1
REUTEUR.Y. Introduction a l’analyse du roman ,ed Bordas, Paris,1991 sb.22‹‹ Dans le premier temps ,le
personnage semble se caractériser par ses limites et ses conventions .La répétition est sa loi :Les mêmes
personnages reviennent de texte en texte ,ce sont des types qui représentant leurs communauté ou leur caste de
façon exemplaire .Des personnages sans liberté qui réalisant un destin préétabli .Diverses déterminations présent
sur eux : cératines d’ordre social qui n’isolent pas l’individu de sons groupe de sa communauté, d’autre d’ordre
scripturale qui soumettent la création à un arrangement des mêmes topoi , connu s du public , ce qui épargne les
descriptions pas un renvoi à la connivence culturelle.››
2
Ibid p50 ‹‹le personnage ont un rôle essentiel dans l’organisation des histoires .Ils déterminent les actions ,les
subissent ,les relient et leur donnent sens .D’une certaine façon, toute histoire est histoire des personnages C’est
pourquoi leur analyse est fondamentale et a mobilisé nombre de chercheures››
3
SALḤI.M.A Op cite sb.38
29
II-5-1-1 Iwudam igejdanen
D iwudam i ɣef bnan ineḍruyen deg ungal, tillin seg tazwara almi taggara
Amedya: Assirem, Tilelli,…
II-5-1-2 Iwudam isnawanen
D wid ur d- nettuɣal ara s watas, yegger-iten-d umaru mi ara ten-yeḥwaǧ kan, ttilin d
sebba imi ḍrant kra n tigawin d wid yettili di kra n lweqt ur ttdumun ara deg teḥkayt.
Amedya : Kahina ,Asalas, ….
Amaru iwakken ad yesbadu kra n uwadem deg uḍris, yessefk fell-as ad as-d-yernu kra
limarat yeǧǧen imeɣri ad yegzu awadem-a timetti-s neɣ yettxemim ayagi ad yili s uglam.
Akken i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹Aglam d aḍris neɣ d aḥric deg uḍris i yettakken isalan
ɣef uwadem (neɣ ɣef umadan ),ɣef tɣawsa, ɣef wadeg, ɣef wakud, neɣ ɣef tigawt.››1
II-5-2 Tawuri n yiwudam
Awadem yesεa tamlilt deg wullis iwakken ad iεemmeṛ kra n umaḍan n twuruwin i d-
yettbanen, rnu ɣer-s nezmer ad n-ṭṭef di tezrawt n yesmerkiden . rnu ad d-nexdem tigad n
twuriwin-ines .2
II-5-3 Tulmisin n yiwudam
Amaru deg uḍris-is iwakken ad d-yessebgen kra ɣef yiwudam ilaq ad s-yernu kra n
tulmisin ara t yeǧǧen ad yettwaεqal ama ɣef yiwudam igejdanen ama ɣef isnawanen , ger
tulmisin yessexdem s waṭas ad d-naf :
 Si tama n yisem
Yiwen n uwadem yezmer ad ittusemmi neɣ ad isemmi, ur yezmir ara ad yesemmi

akk, izmer sshala ad as-yefk isem …atg 3
1
Ibid, sb 18
2
ACHOUR.C, BEKKAT.A, clefs pour la lecture des récits , Ed du Tell , 2002 , sb47 ‹‹ le personnage a un rôle
dans le récite et c’est pour remplir un certain nombre de fonctions qu’il y apparait .Aussi ,on ne peut s’en tenir à
l’étude de ses qualifications .Il faut faire également celle de ces fonctions. ››
3
Ibid sb 46 ‹‹un même personnage peut être nommé , prénommé , surnommé . Il peut ne pas être nommé de tout
. Il peut être simplement affublé d’un sobriquet .››
30
 Si tama n laεmer
‹‹ Yezmer ad yettunefk i iferdisen izmren ad ilin kecmen, iwakken ad t-id-sfehmen ››1
 Tafekka
‹‹ Limarat n tɣara d tegnatin d aglam yessexdem s waṭas neɣ s ciṭṭuḥ, syiwet n

tikelt deg waṭas n tgezmin ›› .2
 Tanefsit
D ayen yarzan ṭṭbiεa d wayen yettḥulfu u wadem, d unekcum ɣer yixemmimen

is.
 Asebdad n tmetti
‹‹ Asebdad n tmetti ,udmis, asadar, lxedma-s, ayla-s amkan-is di tmetti ›› 3
1
Ibid ‹‹ Il peut être donné ou des éléments peuvent être insérés pour qu’il soit déduit ››
2
Ibid ‹‹les traits physiques et particularités : portrait plus ou moins dessiné , en une seul fois ou dans plusieurs
séquences .››
3
Ibid sb46 ‹‹Le statut social, économique, professionnel: métier, fortune, place dans la société.››
31
II-6 Assisen n yiwudam
II-6-1 Iwudam igejdanen
 Tilelli
Tilelli d awadem agejdan deg uḍris a, d tilemẓit yesεan 22 n yiseggasen deg leεmer-
is, tanelmadt di tseddawin, tucbiḥt, ḥninet, tukyist, deg yimi-s yezga wawal ẓiden,
tḥemmel Asirem, ḥemmelentt ak di taddart-is .
‹‹Tilelli, tesεa ala 22 n yiseggasen deg leεmer-is, maca mi ara teqqimeḍ yid-s ur d
as-tettakeḍ ara ddaw n xemsin n yiseggasen , akken i as-qqarent temdukal-is : “tamɣart
tazemnit ” neɣ “taḥeddadt n wawal ”. Ma d ṣṣifa d tageldunt-nni i ɣef i d-ttawin timucuha
at zik-nni: di lqedd d talemmast, taksumt d tamellalt, amzur d aberkan, yettaweḍ-d ɣer
wammas, taṭṭucin d ifer, d tukḥilin, lecfur wwḍen ɣer timmi, ma d timmi tewzen d ayen
kan, dayen kan, d timɣunjert, taxenfuct-is d tamecṭuḥt, mi ara thedder, limmer tettafeḍ ur
ttekksent ara wallen-ik fell-as. d tucbiḥt, d tukyist, deg yimi-s yezga wawal ẓiden, anεam
yerbeḥ i umeqqran i umecṭuḥ. Ur telli ara d tin yessemɣaren iman-is neɣ d tin
yettcennifen, tamezwarut ɣer ṣbaḥ lxir d lεeslama, yerna tettεawan imdanen, tezmer ad
tekkes taɣawsa i yiman-is ad tt-tfek i wayeḍ. Amek tebɣiḍ ad yili win ara tt-
ikerhen ?...Yezga wudem-is yennecraḥ, yefsa, yeḍsa, anda tedda tezzuzur asirem d tayri d
tebɣest… nettat, ɣas ad d-ṭṭuqten fell-as wuguren d warwayen ur d-tesbanay ara, ad tettru
deg yiḍ alama jerḥent wallen-is akken ad tifsus, mi d ssbeḥ ad tessired udem-is ad tmuqel
di lemri, ad as-tini:“Ass-agi d ass amaynut a Tilelli .”››Sb 30,31
‹‹ Teqqar-as kan deg wul-is:“Aha ! ini-d ziɣ awal! tabelheddart am kemm, fukken-as
lehdur? ala ! susem axir fiḥel ma tenniḍ-d ayen i ɣef ara tendemmeḍ, kem d tuffiɣt n
leεqel! tikwal teshetrifeḍ kan… I kečč ay Asirem ttxil-k, xerṣum bdu-d awal…”››Sb 40
‹‹ Isteqsiyen am ubruri i d-ttmirin: “Ahat yettu-yi ? ahat ikreh-iyi ? ahat yessufeɣ-iyi

deg wallaɣ-is, iḍumm-iyi-d deg wul-is, iruḥ-iyi wazal i sεiɣ ɣur-s ? ahat tella tin ɣer
tecceḍ tiṭ-is, tsettu-as udem-iw …”››Sb 94
‹‹ Telsa taqendurt d tamellalt, tusa-as-d nnig n tgecrar,…››Sb 52
32
 Asirem
D awadem agejdan, d ilemẓi, d aεeyyal anegaru di twacult-is, d mmi-s n temɣart,
yeɣra, d axeddam, d imsetḥi, d win iḥemlen s wul-is, rnu ɣef waya d netta i yekksen
imawlan- is si lḥif, yerra-asen-d asirem.
‹‹ Yeεreḍ ad d-yeṭṭef snat n tanẓadin i yesεa nnig yicenfiren-is ulac.›› Sb 67
‹‹ tiwwura n uqerruy-iw d tiferḍasin, iruḥ-iyi ucebbub, ccib yessa am udfel akken i d

as-yenna win ! ›› Sb 106
‹‹ Aqcic-nni asusam, anda yesraḥ taqcict ad yerwel, ama d yessi-s n xwal-is ama d
yessi-s n leεmum-is neɣ n taddart-is, yuɣal d wayeḍ imi d Tilelli ››. Sb 59
‹‹ Ma d Asirem yebda yettissin aḥulfu amaynut yemgaraden ɣef yiḥulfan yessen

yakan, tayri tekcem-d ɣer tudert-is.›› . Sb 62
‹‹ Yettezmumug, yenna-yas deg ul-is d: “Sstut ! Terra iman-is ur tefhim ara .” ›› Sb

69.
 Dda Muḥend Areẓqi

D awadem agejdan, d baba-s n Usirem, d amɣar, d amsedrar, lxedma-s d tafellaḥt, s
lḥif i d-yeskker tawacult-is i yesεan aṭas n yiεeyyalen, d argaz n lεali.
‹‹… Muḥend afellaḥ yezzuɣuren isebaḍen i iqqersen d ubernus i reqment tfawtin, ma

yefḍer ad ines mebla imensi, ma iɣumm iḍarren tuyat yesserwawec-itent usemmiḍ.›› Sb 24
, 25
‹‹ Ula d dda Muḥend ur yemlal ccfeṛ d gma-s ,yeṛwa aneqleb deg wusu , tikwal
yeqqar-as :” yesεa lḥeqq ur t-terri ara tmara ad ibib yid-i taεkemt n warraw-iw, maca
ala netta i sεiɣ d tasayelt ur sεiɣ ḥedd- nniḍen, d acu i d tagmat ihi ? Anwa i d gma-k ? D
win i deg ara tcerkeḍ tudert, akken i ken-tecrek yiwet n tεebbuḍt. Anef ! ur yebɣi ara ! ad
iyi-d-yini, tili fiḥel ma yeffeɣ-d leqbiḥ, fiḥel ma yeḥka i Caεban Uεeẓẓug, fiḥel ma newwi
nerra ….›› Sb 18.
 Nna Ɛelǧiyya
D awadem agejdan, d yemma-s n Usirem, d tamɣart, tesεa waḥed n uxemsin n

yiseggasen deg laεmer-is, ḥninet, tesεa niyya, texḍa i wayen n diri, tettḥebbir i wiyaḍ.
33
‹‹ …D taεelǧet, ḥninet tesεa lxir, d nniyya, d tasebrit, tettačar ul-is d leqniεa, teḥmed
Rebbi ama yella ama ulac, tezga tettawi tama n wadda. Tḥerrez lbaḍna, win i as-yeḥkan
ayen tekmen tεebbuḍt-is, din ara yemmet wawal, tettbaεad iman-is ɣef “ yenna wagu
yenna waḍu .” Ḥemmlen-tt merra di taddart am umeqqran am umecṭuḥ, am urgaz am
tmeṭṭut.›› Sb 13.
‹‹ … Mačči d yiwet i d-iεeddan s aqerruy-is, tenna deg wul-is:“Ad εeddiɣ kan ad d-

ḍeggreɣ iman-iw seg walbeεḍ n yiceṛfan, ad iyi-ččen yiɣeẓran, neɣ ad kecmeɣ ɣer temda
ara yi-isbelεen, meqqar ad yeɣbu later-iw, ad yeddu yid-i ugejdur-agi, fiḥel ma ḥeccmeɣ
iman-iw, ad rnuɣ arraw-iw.›› Sb 23,24.
‹‹ … amek waḥed u xemsin n yiseggasen zemmen tura, ur tt-mazal ara i darya ›› Sb

23
Deg uglam n yiwudam-agi igejdanen, ad d-negzu belli amaru yefka-asen azal d

ameqqran acku ttuɣalen-d yal tikkelt, am wakken ad naf amaru ireṣṣa tamuɣli-ines ɣef
Tlelli, acku d nettat i yessudduyen tigawin n wungal, yeglem-tt-id s telqayt si yal tama (
tafekka d ṭṭbiεa) .
II-6-2 Iwudam isnawanen
 Ɛmer
D εemm-is n Usirem, d gma-s amecṭuḥ n dda Muḥend, d axeddam di Fransa, ittaɣ

awal n tmeṭṭut-is armi yewweḍ yemṣebḍa ɣef gma-s, yettu lxir-is.
‹‹Yettxemim anwa i iḍlmen, d wanwa i yettwaḍelmen d anwa i yesεan lḥeqq, yeqqar-

as:“Wa meεdur wayeḍ d lḥeqq-is, ula d nekk d lawan tura ad geɣ leqrar i warraw-iw d
uxxam-iw, yesεa lḥeqq, d tidet i d-yenna Caεban.›› Sb 17.
 Seεdiyya
D tamṭṭut n εmer, d ttin iweεren di ṭbiεa, timɣellit, tettεawad lehdur, tḥemmel ad d-sker
uguren.
‹‹ Ma d Seεdiyya tamṭṭut n Ɛmer d timɣellit, yezdeɣ-itt nnḥas d ddɣel, d tismin, ɣas yella
ulac, dirit-t xas yelha, aεebbuḍ d talafsa, allaɣ d ilem, akken txedmeḍ yid-s tḥesleḍ, am win
iceṭḥen i uderɣal, limmer ad tt-tawiḍ ɣer lǧennet, ur tmennεeḍ ara seg ucekti yines. Ma tebɣiḍ
isalli ad yeffeɣ di taddart, siweḍ-as-t i Seεdiyya. Ayen d -yeṭṭef umeẓẓuɣ-is, yebra-yas-d yiles-
is. ›› Sb 13.
34
 Ḥayat
D ultma-s n Usirem, d tameṭṭut n wexxam, tezwej tesεa mmi-s, tḥemmel imawlan-is d
twacult-is ladɣa Asirem, teεdel mliḥ nettat d Tlelli.
 Asalas
D mmi-s n Ḥayat, d aqcic amecṭuḥ, d anelmad deg uɣerbaz.
 Mḥend
D argaz n Ḥayat .
 Lkaysa
D ultma-as n Tlelli, myeḥmalent aṭas, d tilemẓit n wexxam ur n zad ara di ṣṣifa am
wakken ur teɣri ara .
‹‹ … terfed snat n tanẓadin i d-yeɣlin ɣef wudem-is yeččuren d ṣṣer, i tuli tebrek n
yiṭij n meɣres…››
 Mhenna
D d axḍib n Lkaysa, ur yelli ara ɣer tama-as acku di larmi iyella.
 Lyas
D d gma-s n Tlelli, d ilemẓi i yweεren di ṭbiεa, ala netta isεan d aqcic, iḥres ysetma-s
ladɣa Tilelli, yella mgal unukcum- is ɣer tseddawit.
 Lǧuher
D setti-s n Tlelli, d tamɣart, tḥemmal aṭas Tilelli acku amur ameqran ɣursen id t-ttili.
 Kahina
D tamdakelt n Tlelli .
 Kenza
D yelli-s n Ɛmer, d taxḍibt n Usirem, tezdeɣ di Fransa, d tilemẓit i yḥemmelen zzhu .
 Ḥcene
D amdakel n Usirem, akken izedɣen di Tizi Wezzu, εedlen mliḥ.

35
 Ḥemmu n At Crif
D ṭṭamen n taddart .
 Caεban
D lǧar n Ɛmer di taddart .
 Baya
D yelli-s εemti-s n nna Ɛelǧiyya .
 Xelluǧa At Lqaḍi d Ḥemmama At Menṣur

D tijiratin n nna Ɛelǧiyya
 Amɣar
D amɣar, yeɣra, yesnuzu idelisen, ɣur-s i d-ttaɣ Tlelli idlisen.
‹‹ …umɣar s tcaciwt tazegzawt, tisabaḍin ticebḥanin, ula d tamart-is ,teččur ,ad as-
tiniḍ d taduṭ-nni taxfifant, yelsa nnwaḍer, aεebbuḍ yeffeɣ-d am acemma si lebεid kan akka
yettban-d d win yeɣran, yeqqim ɣef teẓrut ddaw tkalitust yeznuzuy idelisen iqdimen di
mkul taɣult.›› Sb 60.
 Amenhar
D bab n uṭaksi i deg yedda Usirem d Tlelli ɣer taddart .
 Baba-s n Tlelli
D argaz asekran, ur yettḥebbir ara ɣef twacult-is.
 Yemma-s n Tlelli
D tameṭṭut yerwan lḥif d uḥebber ɣef warraw-is.
Deg uglam n yiwudam-agi isnawanen, amaru yessemres-iten i wakken kan ad yesselḥu

tigawin, ur asen-yefki ara azal acku ur ten-id-yeglim ara, am wakken ara naf belli llan wid i
wumi yefka ismawen, llan wid ala.
36
II-7 Adeg
Adeg d amkan i d-yemmalen anda ḍrant tigawin n uḍris ullis s umata, yezmer ad yili d
tidet yella di tilawt, akken yezmer ad yili d asugen i t-id yessugen umaru.
Akken i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A‹‹ adeg d aferdis di tesleḍt n tsiwelt.D adeg i d-immalen anda
tḍerru tigawt. D netta diɣen i d-iskanen. Deg waṭas n tigawin, amek i igga uwadem. ittili-d
wannec agi s uglam n wadeg (ismawen d lewsayef n yimukan ) anda tḍerru teḥkayt .››1
Si tama nniḍen ad d-naf REUTER.Y yenna-d belli ‹‹ adeg d aferdis i d-yettilin deg
wungal,yettban-d s sin wudmawen s wassaɣ d wadeg deg tilawt akked tiwuriwin-is daxel n
uḍris.››2
Ad naf daɣen ACHOUR.CH et BEKKAT.A amaken id yebdar YVES.J ‹‹ Deg uḍris

adeg d taggruma n yizamulen id yemmalen tagensest.››3
Akken daɣen id renan ACHOUR.C et BEKKAT.A belli ‹‹ Adeg yemmal-d amkan d

wayen yettwaxdmen: ikella i yeẓẓa, amkan daɣen tebdilen inumak-ines lmend n umezruy.››4
II-7-1 Aglam n wadeg
 Taddart n Tala n AT Qasi n Micli

D taddart gar tudrin n tmurt n leqbayel, dinna i zedɣen yiwudam ɣef i d-yettales
wungal agi, i d-yezgan di temnaḍt n Micli.
‹‹ Dda Muḥend Areẓqi d amsedrar, izedɣen di taddart n Tala n AT Qasi tezga-d ‹‹ di

temnaḍt n Micli. ›› Sb 12.
 Fransa
D tamurt tabaṛṛanit i deg ixedem Ɛmer gma-s n Muḥend Areẓqi .
‹‹ Ma yella d Ɛmer ixddem di Fransa.›› Sb 12.
 Tala
1
SALḤI.M.A Op cite sb 09
2
REUTER.Y.Op cite sb. 54‹‹l’espace mis en scène par le roman peut s’appréhender selon deux grands entrées :
ses relations avec l’espace ‹‹ réel ›› et ses fonctions à l’intérieur du texte ››.
3
ACHOUR.CH. BEKKAT.A Op cite sb 51 ‹‹ Dans le texte ,l’espace se définit comme l’ensemble des signes qui
produisent un effet de représentations . ››
4
Ibid sb 50 ‹‹ l’espace est à la fois indication d’un lieu et création fictive : du décor qu’il a planté ,le parcours de
l’histoire peut faire surgir de nouveaux espaces signifiants ››
37
D adeg anida i d-ttagmen wat taddart aman.
‹‹ Yiwen wass teffeɣ-d ɣer tala ad tagem temmuger-d yelli-s n εemmi-s Baya,
ttemsteqsayent ɣef rrwiḥ amek yella.›› Sb 22.
 Axxam
D adeg anida yezdeɣ dda Muḥend Areẓqi d twacult-is.
‹‹ deg uxxam n dda Muḥend ters-d tsusmi ala lehwa d rrεud i wumi ara tselleḍ.›› Sb
27.
 Tseddawit n Lmulud Mεemmri

D amkan n tusna anida teqqar Tlelli .
‹‹ Tilelli d tanelmadt di tseddawit Lmulud Mεemmri di Tizi Wezzu…›› Sb 31
 Lḥara tajḍiṭ
D axxam ajdid, anida uɣalen yezdeɣ Usirem d twacult-is.
‹‹ …segmi i d-nuɣal ɣer lḥara tajḍiṭ ur t-yekcim uḍar-is ḥaca snat n tikal.›› Sb 33.
 Tamdint n Tizi Wezzu

D tamdint di tmurt n lezzayer, din i tezdeɣ Ḥayat, tin ɣer-s d adeg n uxeddim n
Usirem.
‹‹ yewweḍ Usirem ɣer ultma-s Ḥayat i yelan di temdint n Tizi Wezzu… ›› Sb 38.
‹‹ Tilelli d tanelmadt di tesdawit Lmulud Mεemmeri di Tizi Wezzu…›› Sb 31.
 Tanawalt ( takuzint )
D ameḍiq deg uxxam n Ḥayat dina i t-yufa Usirem mi iruḥ ɣur-s.
‹‹ Mi akken yelḥeq s axxam, d Tilelli i as-d-yeldin tawwurt.Yekcem yufa uletma-s di

tkuzint tettheggi imensi ›› Sb 38
 Taxxamt
Taxxamt i deg tettnusu Tlelli mi ara truḥ ad t-ɣer.
‹‹- Nekk ur tsseɣ ara, d lawan ad ruḥaɣ ɣer texxamt-iw.›› Sb 39.
38
 Abrid yettawin si temdint n ufella ar temdint n wadda

D abrid ideg i d-temlal Tlelli d Usirem .
‹‹ wwin-d abrid yettawin si temdint n ufella ar temdint n wadda s tsusmi …›› Sb 40.
 Axxam yekra Usirem di temdint

D axxam yezdeɣ Usirem netta d umeddakel-is Ḥsen di temdint.
‹‹ Yekcem Usirem ɣer uxxam i yekra netta d sin n yemdukal-is, yufa ala Ḥsen …›› Sb
40.
 Basṭus
D taseddawit anida teqqar Tlelli. ‹‹ - Suref-iyi, d Tilelli i ssawḍaɣ ar d Basṭus. ›› Sb
41.
 Abrid n ssinima
D abrid yewwi Usirem akken ad d-imagger Tilelli.
‹‹ Yewwḍ Usirem ɣer temdint, yewwi abrid n ssinima, i teddu d asawen, yeẓra d win i
d-abrid n Tlelli.›› Sb 56.
 Tamkerḍit
D amḍiq ideg i d-ttawin yinelmaden idlisen, din i tettraǧu Kahina Tilelli.
‹‹- … Nekk ur tεeṭṭileɣ ara, ilaq ad uɣaleɣ ɣef zik lḥal, Kahina, tamdakelt-iw
tettraju-yi di temkerḍit.›› Sb 58.
 Taxxamt n Usirem
D adeg anida yeggan Usirem deg uxxam-nsen.
‹‹ Yeldi- yas tawwurt n texxamt-is, ameṭreḥ n yiwen n lεebd, iqubel-d tawwurt,iɣumm

s tmelḥeft tajenjarit, ar yiri-s tella ṭṭbla tamecṭuḥt, yers fell-as Lmesbaḥ, ar lǧiha
tazelmaḍt d taxzant mm snat n tewwura, ma ɣer lǧiha tayeffust llant tlata n telwiḥin n
usɣar, ta nnig ta, jebdent si ṭṭuq ar ṭṭuq, ttbanet-d am tiswa n yifelfel, rsen fell-asent
yidlisen. Γer yiri n tewwurt ad tafeḍ ṭṭabla nniḍen, yers fell-as uselkim ››. Sb 62,63.
39
 Lebḥer
D amḍiq uɣur ttruḥun medden deg unebdu i tukksa n lxiq .
‹‹- A yemma !Azekka ad ruḥeɣ d yimdukal-iw ɣer lebḥer ad neqqim-n dinna tlata ar
rebεa n wussan…›› Sb 67
 Tegzirt
D tamdint gar temdinin n tmurt n leqbayel, ɣur-s i yettruḥu Usirem dinna i yella
yillel.
‹‹ Tafejrit yekker Usirem, yeṭṭef abrid ɣer tegzirt ul-is ur t-ihenna ara, ur yebɣi ra ad
yeǧǧ baba-s.›› Sb 68.
 Taddart n xwal-is n Tlelli

D taddart uɣur terwel Tlelli
‹‹ … tenna-yas i urgaz-is ad tt-yawi ɣer taddart n xwal-is n Tlelli akken ad tt-id-

twali …›› Sb 86
 Aɣerbaz
D aɣerbas anida qqaren igerdan imectaḥ, gar-asen Asalas.
‹‹ … ass n ssebt ara yekcem mmi-tsen ɣer uɣerbaz…›› Sb 93.
 Ṭurk
D tamurt taberranit, uɣur iruḥ Usirem d Tlelli ad ḥewwsen mi zewǧen .
‹‹ Kra n wussan kan segmi yezweǧ Usirem d Tlelli ruḥen ɣer tmurt n Ṭurk …›› Sb
107
 Sbiṭar
D axxam n tujjya, ɣer dinna wwin Asirem.
‹‹- Ur teffreɣ ara fell-am, d Asirem i yellan di sbiṭar…›› Sb 112.
Deg ungal-agi ad d-negzu belli amaru yesseqdec ismawen i d-yemmalen tamurt n

leqbayel, ahat d wid yettwasnen ɣer yal yiwen deg-nneɣ am: Micli, Tizi-Uzzu, Basṭus,…atg.
40
Am wakken daɣen yessemres ismawen i d-yemmalen timura tiberraniyin am: Ṭurk,

Fransa,…atg .
Tigawin deg ungal-agi, tuget deg-sent ḍrant di taddart, am wakken llant kra ḍrant di
temdint.
II-8 Akud
Akud d aferdis gar yiferdisen igejdanen iɣef yebna uḍris ullis, yemmal-d amek
mseḍfaren yineḍruyen n uḍris .
Akken i d-yenna ACHOUR.C d BEKKAT.A ‹‹ Mi ara d neḥku ineḍruyen yeḍran deg

wakud, ungal isedday akud, ama d akud n tesnimert neɣ win n usugen, mi ara d neḥku
taḥkayt, neɣ akud n unemas, ama d akud n tsiwelt, anya, i yettextiri uneggal mi ara d-yettales
ayen igelmen d wayen yeḍran s tsusmi ››.1
Akken i d-yenna daɣen SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ D aferdis di tesleḍt n tsiwelt. Yettban-d wazal-is

deg ubdel s wayes i d-gellun yineḍruyen n teḥkayt.››2
Llan sin lesnaf n wakud di tesleḍt n tsiwelt : akud agensay akud aniri
II-8-1 Akud aniri
Akud-a yerza akud i deg yuran umaru taḥkayt-is d wakud i deg yewweḍ ɣer ufus n
umeɣri akken ad d-tiɣer.
Akken i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ Ssenf-agi n wakud , ittwellih-d ɣer tallit ideg yedder
umaru d yimeɣriyen-ines. D aniri acku ur yeqqin ara ɣer uḍris, yeεna lweqt i deg i d-yura
umaru adlis-ines akk d lweqt ideg yeqqar umeɣri.Tasleḍt n wakud aniri ad tili ɣef tegnatin
ideg i d-ittwaru uḍris; ad d-tili d anadi ɣef talɣiwin n usnulfu d yiberdan n tira n lawan-nni
ideg yedder umaru. Ad d-tili diɣen ɣef tegnatin n tɣuri n uḍris. (lawan ideg ɣran aḍris ).
Tignatin-agi, sεant azal d ameqran imi sifsusent neɣ ttεekkurent tilin n uḍris. Akken ad tgerrez
tarayt n tesleḍt n wakud aniri, issefk ad 3 yefreq yiwen ger wakud n umaru d wakud n umeɣri .
1
ACHOUR.C , BEKKAT.A , Op Cit sb 57 ‹‹En racontent des événement qui se déroulent dans le temps , le
roman donne l’illusion de l’écoulement du temps , que ce soit le temps mesurable de la chronologie et des
horloges (temps de la fiction , de l’histoire racontée ) ou celui du temps subject ifs , celui de la durée vécue (
temps de la narration ou le rythme que choisit le romancier pour raconter : ce qu’il privilégie , ce qu’il contracte ,
ce qu’il passe sous silence ››.
2
SALḤI.M.A Op ,Cit sb 21
3
Ibid
41
Sin n lesnaf-agi n wakud aniri ad εedlen ( ma yella amaru d umeɣri dren di yiwet n tallit )
akken zemren ad mxalafen ( ma yella temxalaf tallit n umenzu ɣef tin n wis sin ) .››1
Ungal-agi “Amesbrid” yettwaru deg useggas n 2019, neɣra-t deg useggas 2020.
II-8-2 Akud agensay
D akud id d-yezgan daxel n uḍris n tsekla, netta s timmad-is yebḍa ɣef sin; akud n
teḥkayt d wakud n tsiwelt.
Akken i d-yenna SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ D akud yettilin kn deg uḍris n tsekla. Deg-s sin n lesnaf:
akud n uferriɣ ( neɣ n teḥkayt ) d wakud n tsiwelt. Akud n teḥkayt d amseḍfer n yineḍruyen seg
mi ara tebdu teḥkayt alarmi tekfa. Ma yella d akud n tsiwelt d amseḍfer n yinḍruyen akken i
ten-id-yeḥka umsawal. Zemren ad εedlen sin lesnaf-agi n wakud, akken diɣen zemren ad
mxalafen. Ad εedlen ma yella ineḍruyen yeḥka-ten-id umsawal akken mseḍfaren deg wakud.
.Ad yemxalaf wakud n tsiwelt netta d wakud n teḥkayt ma yella amsawal ur d-yeḥki ara
ineḍruyen akken mseḍfaren deg wakud .››2
II-8-2-1 Akud n teḥkayt
Am wakken i d-yebder yakan SALḤI.M.A ‹‹D amesḍfer n yinḍruyen seg mi ara tebdu
teḥkayt alarmi tekfa ››.3
Akken daɣen ara d-naf ɣer ACHOUR.C d REZZOUG.S ‹‹ D lawan i tettɣima tigawt akken ad
teḍru ››.4
II-8-2-2 Akud n tsiwelt
Akken i t-id-yesbadu SALḤI.M.A ‹‹ D amseḍfer n yineḍruyen akken i ten-id-yaḥka

umsawal ››.
II-8-2-2-1 Tirurda n tsiwelt
Dagi amsawal isedday akud akken i as-yehwa, yezmer ad yesseɣzef neɣ ad yessiwzel s
uglam d udiwenni…atg, yessemras daxel-is, akken i d-yella deg wawal n GENETTE.G: ‹‹ D
assaɣ gar usɣel n wakud d wakta n usɣel n wadeg ( …), tirurda n wullis, tettwasbadu-d
1
Ibid, sb 22
2
Ibid, sb 21.22
3
Ibid, sb 21.
4
ACHOUR.C d REZZOUG. S. Introduction à la lecture littéraire , Ed O.P.O ,2005 ,sb 216 ‹‹ … le temps de le
relation et la durée du déroulement de l’action …››.
42
wassaɣ-ines gar tanzagt n tḥekkayt i ittwaḥsaben s tsinanin, ddqayeq, ussan, ayyuren d

iseggasen, d tiɣzi n uḍris i yettwaḥsaben s yijerdan d yisebtar .››1
II-8-2-2-1-1 Asayes
D asaεdel gar wakud n teḥkayt d win n tsiwelt, yettban-d wannect-a deg udiwenni gar
yiwudam.
Amedya 1 : adiwenni ger Tlelli d nna Ɛelǧiyya
‹‹ - Azul fellam a nanna, amek telliḍ ?
- Akken yebɣa Uḥnin a yelli n tasa, i kemm d yimawlan-im ur ken-yuɣ wara ?
- Ad neḥmed Rebbi kan tasaεet-agi…I dadda Muḥend amek yella ? Tura ad εeddiɣ ɣur-s s
axxam, ad t-id-waliɣ, syin d abrid ar Tizi Wezzu, ass-a ara uɣaleɣ.
- Ihi ruḥ, ur ttεeṭṭil ara, sellem kra fell-as, tawiḍ abrid-im, mačči alama yeṭṭef-ikem yiḍ deg
ubrid, ttilint-d yir tiswiεin. Ad kem yeṣṣer Rebbi a yelli !
- Imi i kem-id-mlaleɣ deg ubrid-iw, d wurawen-agi n lxir i yi-d-teččureḍ ur ḥsiɣ ara yella d
acu ara yi-yaɣen. Ur ttaggad ad am-dduɣ di lebɣi, yerna ula d nekk ttaggadeɣ ɣef terwiḥt-iw,
mulac, ulac tin ara tesεum, yiwet n Tlelli i yellan mačči snat. Yella wacu tebɣiḍ ad as-tceyεeḍ
i Ḥayat ?...
- Taqerεet n zzit kan, ad as-tt-yawi Usirem, ha-t-an deg uxxam ad t-tafeḍ netta d dadda-m,
sellek iman-im ad tedduḍ yid-s ad temsaεafem, ula d netta ass-a ara yuɣal ɣer lxedma-s…
- Amek ? Netta d Usirem ? Ula d netta ad iṣubb ɣer Tizi…›› Sb 32.
Amedya 2 : adiwenni ger Tlelli d Usirem
‹‹ - Ha-t-an yessen ula d isem-im…
-Ih ! Seg wasmi i d-kecmeɣ tesdawit ɣur-s kan i d-ttaɣeɣ idlisen, tura rebεa n yiseggasen
mmden, yewwi-d kan ad yissin isem-iw. D amɣar n lεli meskin.
-Ihi, di rebεa n lesnin-aya acḥal n yidlisen i d-tuɣeḍ ?
- Ddeqs ! ur ten-ḥsibeɣ ara, yal aggur ttaɣeɣ-d yiwen ar sin
1
GENETTE.G ,Op Cit , sb123‹‹ le rapport entre une mesure temporelle et une mesure spatiale (…) , la vitesse
du récit se défini par le rapport entre une durée , celle de l’histoire mesurée en seconde , minutes, jours, mois et
années, et une longueur, celle du texte mesurée et en pages ››.
43
-Teɣriḍ-ten merra ?
-Γriɣ-ten ! Llan kra εawdeɣ-asen taɣuri seg makken i yi-εeǧben, wiyaḍ cfiɣ kan ɣef tjallabt-
nsen…
-Anect-a akk i tḥemmleḍ idlisen ?
-Ih, anect-a nnig n wanect-a.
-Ihi, ass n lexmis mi ara nali ar taddart, ad tedduḍ s axxam, ad twaliḍ cwiṭ n temkerḍit i sεiɣ
di texxamt-iw, ahat ad yili wayen ara am-iεeǧben, ad t-teɣreḍ, meεna ad iyi-ten-id-terreḍ, ula
d nekk am kemmini, ḥemmleɣ ad jemεeɣ idlisen ɣriɣ yakan…›› Sb 61.62
II-8-2-2-1-2 Tasgunfut
Mi ara yeḥbes umsawal tullsa n yineḍruyen, s uglam n yiwudam neɣ n wadeg tikwal s
yiwenniten.
Amedya 1 : Aglam n Tlelli
‹‹ … Ma d ṣṣifa d tageldunt-nni i ɣef i d-ttawin timucuha at zik-nni: di lqedd d

talemmast, taksumt d tamellalt, amzur d aberkan, yettaweḍ-d ɣer wammas, taṭṭucin d ifer, d
tukḥili, lecfur wwḍen ɣer timmi, ma d timmi tewzen d ayen kan, d timɣunjert, taxenfuct-is d
tamecṭuḥt, mi ara thedder, limmer tettafeḍ ur ttekksent ara wallen-ik fell-as. d tucbiḥt, d
tukyist, deg yimi-s yezga wawal ẓiden, anεam yerbeḥ i umeqqran i umecṭuḥ ...›› Sb 30,31
Amedya 2 : Aglam n nna Ɛelǧiyya
‹‹ …D taεelǧet, ḥninet tesεa lxir, d nniyya, d tasebrit, tettačar ul-is d leqniεa, teḥmed
Rebbi ama yella ama ulac, tezga tettawi tama n wadda. Tḥerrez lbaḍna, win i as-yeḥkan ayen
tekmen tεebbuḍt-is, din ara yemmet wawal, tettbaεad iman-is ɣef “ yenna wagu yenna waḍu.”
Ḥemmlen-tt merra di taddart am umeqqran am umecṭuḥ, am urgaz am tmeṭṭut.›› Sb 13.
Amedya 3 : Aglam n uxxam aqdim
‹‹ … leḥcic yeččur-d amnar, yemɣi-d ubuneqqar, yegma usennan, affer yuɣ tara, adal n
waman yuli leḥyuḍ, iferrawen n ttjur d usu di lqaεa, ṭṭwiqan d ifercucen cudden s ugeṭṭum.
Teldi tewwurt n uxxam, ur yelli anda ara rsen yiḍarren, tiɣerɣert d lebḥar s ibellaεen n
waman. Tεedda-d tafat di ssqef, lkanun d ilem, ala iɣiɣden, adekkan yuli-t uɣebbar, rsen fell-
as kra n yigerwajen iqdimen, yuli-ten ṣṣdid. tissist tuf iman-is, yal tiɣmert tger azeṭṭa, kulci d
asemmaḍ, d tesmeḍ yekkaten s iɣessan ››. Sb 33,34
44
Amedya 4 : aglam n texxamt n Usirem
‹‹ Yeldi- yas tawwurt n texxamt-is, ameṭreḥ n yiwen n lεebd, iqubel-d tawwurt ,iɣumm s
tmelḥeft tajenjarit, ar yiri-s tella ṭṭbla tamecṭuḥt, yers fell-as Lmesbaḥ, ar lǧiha tazelmaḍt d
taxzant mm snat n tewwura, ma ɣer lǧiha tayeffust llant tlata n telwiḥin n usɣar, ta nnig ta,
jebdent si ṭṭuq ar ṭṭuq, ttbanet-d am tiswa n yifelfel, rsen fell-asent yidlisen. Γer yiri n tewwurt
ad tafeḍ ṭṭabla nniḍen, yers fell-as uselkim ››. Sb 62,63.
II-8-2-2-1-3 Tasureft
Amsawal deg tsureft yettɣawal di tsiwelt n yineḍruyen, yettεedday s tsusmi ɣef kra n
yinedruyen deg uḍris-is.
Amedya 1 :
‹‹ Ussan zerrben, uzzlen, ilul-d uqcic ɣef ur bnin ara, aqcic ur bɣin ara …››. Sb 24.
Amsawal deg umedya-agi iεedda s tsusmi ɣef tallit-nni ideg tella nna Ɛelǧiyya s tadist n
Usirem.
Amedya 2 :
‹‹ Meqqar Usirem, yekfa-d leqraya-s, din din yufa-d lxedma …››. Sb 27.
Amsawal deg umedya-agi ur d-yules ara tallit i d-yedder Usirem almi meqqar .
Amedya 3 :
‹‹ Ur yewwiḍ ara useggas imi xedmen tameɣra …›› Sb 107.
Deg umedya-agi amsawal yefren ad iεeddi s tsusmi ɣef tallit ideg llan Usirem d Tlelli
twaxeḍben.
II-8-2-2-2 Amseḍfer n wakud :
Ayagi yemmal-d amek mseḍfaren yineḍruyen neɣ tigawin di tsiwelt n umaru akken i d-
yenna REUTER.Y ‹‹ Amesḍfer n wakud yemmal-ed assaɣ yellan gar umesḍfer n yinḍruyen
deg teḥkayt d wamek i ten-id-yeḥka deg tsiwelt ››. 1
Amsawal deg uḍris ullis s umata, yezmer ad d-yawi tigawin akken mseḍfarent, di teḥkayt
akken yezmer ad yessizwer kra n yineḍruyen ɣef wiyaḍ.
1
REUTER.Y , Op Cit , sb 59 ‹‹ l’ordre désigne le rapport entre la succession des événement dans la fiction et
l’ordre dabs lequel l’histoire est racontée dans la narration ››
45
II-8-2-2-2-1 Tuɣalin ɣer deffir
Akken i as-isemma GENETTE.G (Analepse), deg-s amsawal yettuɣal ɣer tigawin neɣ
ɣer tedyanin yeḍran yettales-iten- id.
Amedya 1 :
‹‹ D netta zik i aɣ-d-yettarran iqermuden lawan-agi … Mi ara d-iεelleq ɣef yiri yinna,
akken ad as-mekkneɣ iqermuden, akka ara yettergigi uεebbuḍ-iw, ttaggadeɣ ad d-yeɣli, netta
ad ad yettneknik d taḍsa, lxuf ur t-yesεi …
-ih !acḥal d tikkelt i yi-d-yenna a nanna muqel kan dadda, ur yeẓri ara ma ad yeṭṭef lqermud
neɣ ad yeṭṭef lqermud neɣ ad yeṭṭef aεebbuḍ-is, ula d netta ifaq-ak …›› Sb 35.
Deg umedya agi d asemkti n nna Ɛelǧiyya d dda Muḥend Areẓqi asemi ttidiren d Ɛmer
deg uxxam aqdim.
Amedya 2 :
‹‹ Tetteddud-d Tlelli deg ubrid n taddart, tettemlil-d di ccfawa, ta tnuda-tt ta tnuda-d

fellas, ta tebɣa ad tt-id-temmekti, tayeḍ trewwel-as.Temmekta-d ass-n n udfel mi tettejguggul
deg Usirem akken ur tɣelli ara, ula d aḥelfu n wass-nni tecfa fell-as .Tewweḍ-d anda i tt-
yettraǧu akken ad ṣubben ɣer Tizi Wezzu, tufaa-t-id ulac-it, ulac win yellan ala lexyal i d-
yexleq wallaɣ-is.Yal tamkant d acu n tugna ara as-d-teksen ›› Sb 94.
Deg umedya agi d Tilelli id yesmektayen ccfawat-is d Usirem deg ubrid n tuɣalin ines
ɣer taddart.
Amedya 3 :
‹‹ Tuɣal d tazeggaɣt, tettaḍsa, temmekta-d asmi i d-yeddem afenjal-is, yejɣem ɣur-s tiqit,
iɣleq allen-is akken ad tt-yesseblaε, bessif i tεedda deg wakken ẓidet, yenna-yas ma d lqahwa i
tettesseḍ neɣ tament…›› Sb 102.
‹‹ …Ass-n i tikkel tamezwarut ara tt-walint wallen-iw s lewqam, uqbel, u rasent-tefki ara
tagnit, tettεeddi sdat-sent am tẓerbuḍt, am ledreq, ur ẓriɣ ara ama d tinna i d tikli-s neɣ d
tarewla i trewwel fell-i. Seg wass-n aṭas n tɣawsiwin i d-yeḍran…›› Sb 103.
46
Deg yimedyaten agi d asemkti n Usirem d Tlelli ɣef wayen iten-icarken assen mi i d-
mlalen deg uxxam n Ḥayat.
Amedya 4 :
‹‹ Tuɣal xemsa u tlatin n yiseggasen ɣer deffir, temmekta-d ass-n mi-t-id -ḍeggrent
lmalayek ɣer yirebbi-s, ass-n am wass-a, di sbiṭar. Rrant-as-t-id tefremliyin di tattalt, mazal
ur d-ldint ara wallen-is, teṭṭef-it ɣef yiɣil-is, tessuden-it deg unyir, tettru, tettḥebbir, thuba
ussan i tt-yettraǧun d lṭufan wis tenac amek ara tqabel yis-s ddunit. ›› Sb 114.
Deg umedya agi d ass i deg yemmut Usirem, nna Ɛelǧiyya tuɣal acḥal n yiseggasen ɣer
deffir, temmekta-d asemi i d-ilul .
II-8-2-2-2-2 Tamuɣli ɣer sdat
Akken i as-isemma GENETTE.G ( prolepse ) deg-s amsawal yettales-d ineḍruyen uqbel

ad d-ḍrun neɣ ad d-yalles tidyanin ara yeḍrun deg yimal.
Amedya 1 :
‹‹ - Ma yella win i d-iruḥen deg wussan-a ad am-d-yessuter kra n yittafttaren efk-as-ten .(…)
– Akken mi ara d-uɣalaɣ, ad ken-id-afeɣ twejdem ad teddum yidi ››. Sb 18
Deg umedya-agi amsawal yessezwar-d ineḍruyen ara yexdem Ɛmer mi ara d- yuɣal si
Fransa.
Amedya 2 :
‹‹ - Ssarameɣ isem-iw ad yili gar yimura n teqbaylit ›› Sb 64.
Amedya 3 :
‹‹- Dayen ibanen, ad kfuɣ leqraya-w, ad afeɣ axeddim, ad ttekleɣ ɣef yiman-iw ›› Sb 64
Deg imedyaten agi, d Tlelli i d-yettalsen asirem-is ɣer sdat deg udiwenni yellan gar-as d
Usirem.
Amedya 4 :
‹‹- Bɣiɣ ad iliɣ d yiwet n yiwen, ara yilin d yiwen; ma ulac yiwen-nni, ad teqqim d yiwet
››. Sb 66
47
Deg umedya-agi Tilelli tessebgan-d iḥulfan- is, d wamek tebɣa ad tidir nettat d win tebɣa.
Amedya 5 :
‹‹- Semmaɣ-ak Asirem! D asirem ssarameɣ akken ad tili twenza-k tawenza n sseεed, ad
d-tegluḍ s tafat ɣer tudert, ayen sεeddan watmaten-ik ad k-yezgel, lḥif yuran fell-aɣ, ad t-
tsefḍeḍ ›› Sb 25
Deg umedya-agi d nna Ɛelǧiyya i d-yessebganen ayen tessaram ad t-yaf mmi-s deg
yimal.
Amedya 6 :
‹‹ “ … Ad kem-in-ssutreɣ i yimawlan-im, imi kfan setta n wagguren i yi-d-yeggran dagi

di laṛmi, ad kem-id jemεeɣ s axxam-iw.Qqim di talwit a leḥlal-iw .Ḥemmleɣ-kem ” ›› . Sb 54
D izen i d-iceyyaε Mhenna i lkaysa akken ad tt-id-ixebbar belli ad d-yas ad tt-yessuter i

yimawlan- is.
Amedya7 :
‹‹ Yiwen n ubrid kan i yellan akken ad sferḥeɣ dadda-m, ad as-d-aɣeɣ yelli-s n Ɛmer i
Usirem, akka ahat ma mnasaben, ad tenɣes tasmuḍi-yagi i yellan deg wulawen-nsen, ad d-
taki tegmat-nsen. D acu i tenniḍ ? ›› Sb 71
Deg umdaya agi d nna Ɛelǧiyya i d-yefkan tikti akken ad d-err tagmat yellan gar
watmaten yebḍan.
Amedya 8 :
‹‹ Qmec allen-im xemmem ɣef uzekka, ɣef wussan ara nidir akken…
Tettwaliḍ yelli-tneɣ ? …›› Sb 109.
Deg umedya agi, d asugen n Usirem d Tlelli amek ara teg yelli-tsen ɣer sdat.
48
Taggrayt
Γer taggara n yixef- agi, nessaweḍ nefka-d kra n tbaduyin n umsawal d yiwudam, adeg d
wakud ilmend n kra n yimyura, akken i d-nufa amaru yessemres yiwen n ṣṣenf n umsawal.
Deg wayen yerzan tasleḍt n yiwudan ad d-naf yessemres ismawen yellan di tilawt, am
wakken yessexleḍ gar wid n zik d wid n tura. Deg wayen yeεnan adeg ad d-naf yessemres
ismawen yettwasnen di tmurt n leqbayel yessemres-it umsawal akken ad d-ibeyyen melmi
ḍrant tigawin n teḥkayt-is, ma d akud deg wungal-agi tikwal yessizwer ineḍruyen ɣef wiyad,
tikwal-nniḍen yettuɣal ɣer deffir.
49
Taggrayt tamatut
Taggrayt tamatut
Deg taggara n leqdic-a, ad d-naf kra n tririyin i yistqsiyen i d-nefka deg tezwert-nneɣ.
Aya yegla-d s tesleḍt tasensiwelt i nga i wungal “ Amsebrid ”. Iwakken ad nessiweḍ ɣer
yiswi-nneɣ, netbeε tiẓri n unagmay GENETTE.G, d tidn kra n yinagmayen nniḍen.
Amahil-nneɣ nebḍa-t ɣef sin n yixfawen. Deg yixef amezwaru newwid awal ɣef
wungal, amezruy-is d tbadut-is, rnu ɣef waya nefka-d kra n yismawen n yimyura i yuran
ungalen s tutlayt n teqbaylit. Syin akin nesserwes gar-as d tullist nufa-d belli yella umgarad
gar-asen, maca yella wanda mṣadan.
Deg yixef wis sin, nesbadu-d tasensiwelt, tasiwelt, ilmend n kra n yimyura, am wakken i
d-nefka tabadut n umsawal, nesleḍ ungal si tama-s, nufa-d belli amaru yessemres yiwen n
ṣṣenf n umsawal d win yellan d aniri seg tazwara armi d taggara, acku yettales-d tidyanin n
yiwudam yellan daxel n uḍris mebla ma yella netta d awadem daxel n teḥkayt, akken nesleḍ
iferdisen n tsensiwelt ; iwudam, adeg, akud.
Γer taggara n leqdic-agi, ad d-nini Cabḥa BEN GANA teḍfer iferdisen n tsiwelt di lebni
n wungal-is, am wakken i tesseqdec kra n tulmisin akken ad as-ternu ccbaḥa d thuski i uḍris-
is, akken daɣen i nufa tessexdem taqbaylit n yal ass ara yefhem yal yiwen seg-neɣ, d ayen ara
d-ijebden imeɣri ɣur-s. Nessaram sya ɣer sdat ad d-twaxedment ugar n tezrawin ɣef wunga-
agi“ Amsebrid” d wungal n teqbaylit s umata acku d tawsit id yellan d tamaynut di tsekla
yuran s teqbaylit.
50
 Idlisen
 ACHOUR Christaine et REZZOUG Siman, Introduction à lecture littéraire,

Ed O.P.O, Alger, 2005 .
 ACHOUR Christaine et BEKKAT Amina, Clefs pour la lecture des récits,

Edition du Tell, Blida, 2002 .
 GENETTE Gérard, Figure III, Paris Seuil, 1972.
 IMARAZEN Moussa , Timεayin n leqbayel , H.C.A, 2007.
 RAIMOND Michel, Le roman, Armand Colin Editeur, Paris, 1989.
 REUTER Yves , Introduction à l’analyse du roman ,1er édition , Bordas , Paris

1991.
 REUTER Yves ,l’analyse du récit , Ed Dunod ,Paris , 1997.
 Imawalen
 GUERBAS Belkacem , Amawal Kaw Maziɣ , 2019 .
 IDRES Abdelhafid et MADI Rabah , Dictionnaire Universel Bilingue ,

Francais Tamaziɣt , édition jazz , Alger 2003.
 Le petit larousse illustré,.PARIS CEDEX 06, 2003.
 SALḤI Mohand Akli , Asegzawal ameẓẓyan n tsekla , Ed L’Odysée , Tizi

Ouzou , 2017.
 Imagraden
 CHAKER Salem , La naissance d’une littérature écrit. Le cas berbéres

(Kabylie ) , Bulletin des Etudes Africaine (Inalco ) , 1992.pp 06.21
 BOUAMARA Kamel, Ou en est actuellement la littérature d’expression
Kabyle , timuzgha , revue du H.C.A°14 , Alger . pp 01.31
 Tizrawin
 TALBI Wezna, Mémoire de Master, Tasleḍt tasnzamulit n yiwudam deg ungal

tettḍilli-d , ur tkeččem n Ɛmer MEZDAD , Bouira , 2016 .
 Tansayin Internet
 http//asegzawal .com / francais, consulté 07/02/20
 http// zamouche.e- monsite.com, consulté 28/02/20

Amawal
Adeg Espace SALḤI.M.A
Adiwenni Dialogue SALḤI.M.A
Aferdis Elément http//asegzawal.com
Aferriɣ Fiction SALḤI.M.A
Agejdan Principal http//asegzawal.com
Agensay Interne SALḤI.M.A
Aglam Description SALḤI.M.A
Aɣanib Style GARBAS.B
Akud Temps SALḤI.M.A
Amsawal Narrateur SALḤI.M.A
Anaggal Romancier http//asegzawal.com
Aniri Externe SALḤI.M.A
Anya Rythme SALḤI.M.A
Asayes Scène GARBAS.B
Asmessi Focalisation GARBAS.B
Asmessi agensay Focalisation interne http// asegzawal.com
Asmessi aniri Focalisation externe http// asegzawal.com
Asmessi ilem Focalisation zéro http// asegzawal.com
Asnawan secondaire GARBAS.B
Ungal Roman SALḤI.M.A
Takerrist Intrigue SALḤI.M.A
Tagensest Représentation http//asegzawal.com
Tamlilt Rôle GARBAS.B
Tanekda Présentation http//asegzawal.com
Tasensiwelt Narratologie SALḤI.M.A
Tasiwelt Narration SALḤI.M.A
Tasgunfut Pause http//asegzawal.com
Tawuri Fonction SALḤI.M.A
Tawsit Genre SALḤI.M.A
Taywalt Communication GARBAS.B
Tigawt Action SALḤI.M.A
Tilawt Réalité http//asegzawal.com
Tullist Nouvelle SALḤI.M.A
Tirurda Vitesse GARBAS.B
Agbur
Tazwert tamatut .........................................................................................................................07
Afran n usentel ...........................................................................................................................08
Iswi n usentel ...............................................................................................................................08
Tamukrist ....................................................................................................................................08
Turdiwin ......................................................................................................................................08
Tarrayt n unadi ..........................................................................................................................08
Tasnarrayt …………………………………………………………….......................................09
Ixef amezwaru I: Tanekda d tbadut n wungal “Amsebrid ”
Tazwart ………………………………………… .......................................................................11
I-1 Awal ɣef umaru ………………………………………….. ..................................................11
I-2 Awal ɣef udlis “ Amsebrid ”……………………………….. ...............................................11
I-3 Agzul n wungal .......................................................................................................................11
I-4 Tabadut n wungal …………………………………………….............................................15
I-5 Amezruy n wungal ……………………………………………............................................15
I-6 Amgired yellan gar ungal d tullist……………………………….. ......................................19
I-7 Tulmisin n wungal…………………………………………………. .....................................20
I-7-1 Tutlayt deg ungal …………………………………. ..................................................20
I-7-2 Adeg deg ungal ……………………………………….. .............................................20
I-7-3 Akud deg ungal ……………………………………...................................................20
I-7-4 Adiwenni deg ungal ……………………………………............................................20
I-7-5 Awadem deg ungal ……………………………………. ............................................21
I-7-6 Aglam deg ungal …………………………………………….....................................21
I--7 Tasiwelt deg ungal …………………………………………........................................22
I-7-8 Ineḍruyen d tigawin deg ungal ………………………………… .............................22
Taggrayt ......................................................................................................................................22
Ixef wis sin II: Tasleḍt tasensiwlant i wungal “ Amsebrid”
Tazwert …………………………………………………………................................................24
II-1 Tasensiwelt ………………………………………….. ........................................................24
II-2 Tasiwelt ………………………………………………….. ..................................................24
II-3 Amsawal ………………………………………………………...........................................25
II-3-1 Amsawal agensay ……………………………………..............................................26
II-3-2 Amsawal aniri ……………………………………….. .............................................26
II-3-3 Amsawal awadem ……………………………………… .........................................26
II-4 Tamuɣli tasiwlant …………………………………………………… ...............................27
II-4-1 Asemessi agensay ………………………………………………… ..........................27
II-4-2 Asemessi aniri……………………………………………………. ............................27
II-4-3 Asemessi ilem ………………………………. ...........................................................27
II-5 Iwudam ………………………………………………… ....................................................29
II-5-1 Leṣnef n yiwudam ………………………………………................................................29
II-5-1-1 Iwudam igejdanen …………………………………. ...........................................30
II-5-1-2 Iwudam isnawanen …………………………………………...............................30
II-5-2 Tawuri n yiwudam………………………………. .........................................................30
II-5-3 Tulmisin n yiwudam ………………………………………………................................30
II-6 Asissen n yiwudam ………………………………………………......................................32
II-6-1 Iwudam igejdanen …………………………… ........................................................32
II-6-2 Iwudam isnawanen ……………………………………… .......................................34
II-7 Adeg ………………………………………………..............................................................37
II-7-1 Aglam n wadeg …………………………………………..........................................37
II-8 Akud…………………………………… ..............................................................................41
II-8-1 Akud aniri ……………………………………. ........................................................41
II-8-2 Akud agensay ……………………………………… ................................................42
II-8-2-1 Akud n teḥkayt ……………………….. .......................................................................42
II-8-2-2 Akud n tsiwelt …………………………. ......................................................................42
II-8-2-2-1 Tirurda n tsiwelt ………………………………… ...................................................42
II-8-2-2-1-1 Asayes …………………………… ..................................................................43
II-8-2-2-1-2 Tasgunfut …………………………….............................................................44
II-8-2-2-1-3 Tasureft ………………………………… .......................................................45
II-8-2-2-2 Amesḍfer n wakud …………………………………… ............................................45
II-8-2-2-2-1 Tuɣalin ɣer deffir …………………………....................................................46
II-8-2-2-2-2 Tamuɣli ɣer sdat………………………………. .............................................47
Taggrayt …………………………….. ........................................................................................49
Taggrayt tamatut ………………………………........................................................................50
Tiɣbula……………………………………………….. ..............................................................
Amawal ………………………………………………................................................................

Mas. Amz. 581

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mas. Amz. 581

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mas. Amz. 581

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

AΓLIF N USELMED UNNIG D UNADI USSNAN

TASDAWIT LMULUD AT-MƐEMMER N TIZI-UZZU

TAZEDDAYT N TSEKLIWIN D TUTLAYIN

AKATAY N TAGGARA N USWIR N LMASTER

Tasleḍt tasensiwlant i wungal « Amsebrid » n

 Tanemmirt i Massa Yahiaoui i d-yezgan ilmend n

 I yemma d baba εzizen fell-i, i iεettben felli iyi-

 I yemma d baba εzizen fell-i, i iεettben felli,

Tazwert tamatut .........................................................................................................................07

Ixef amezwaru : Tanekda d tbadut n wungal “ Amsebrid”

Ixef wis sin : Taselḍt tasensiwlant i wungal “Amesbrid”

Annect-a ad d-naf yehder-d fell-as daɣen BOUAMARA.K ‹‹ Tasekla tazzayrit s tenfalit

IMARAZEN.M , Timεayin n leqbayel , H.C.A, 2007 sb 06

Tazrawt-nneɣ nesbedd-itt ɣef tesleḍt tasensiwlant deg wungal “ Amsebrid ” n Cabḥa

I-1 Awal ɣef umaru

I-2 Awal ɣef udlis “ Amsebrid ”

Ungal-agi yesεa azal n 117 n yisebtaren.Yexdem-as tazwart Saεid Cemax.

I-3 Agzul n wungal

I-4 Tabadut n wungal

I-5 Amezruy n wungal

Di tallit-agi taneggarut ad d-naf aṭas n tlawin i ikecmen annar n tira taqbaylit,

Ad d-nefren kra gar yimyura n wungal s teqbaylit:

-“ Tagrest Urɣu ” 2000 .

-“Teṭṭilli-d ur d-tkeččem ” 2014 .

-“ Yiwen n wass deg tefsut ” 2015 .

-“Tirga n yidir ” 1993 .

-“Iɣil d wefru” 2002.

-“Si tedyant ɣer tayeḍ” 1994.

-“Nek aked d kem , kem aked nek ”1998 .

-“ Yugar ucerrig tafawet ” 1999 .

-“ Ger ẓẓebra d yifḍisen ” 2012 .

- “ Tajeǧǧigt n Meɣres ” 2015 .

-“Abrid n tala” 2001 .

-“Tameɣra di taddart ”2013 .

- “ Salas d nuja ” 2003 .

-“ Inig aneggaru ” 2013 .

-“Bu tqulhatin ”2003 .

11- Yusef UBELLIL :

-“Arrac n tefsut ” 2004 .

-“ Aεecciw n tmess ” 2009 .

-“ Tamacahut taneggarut ” 2018.

13- Yucef ACURI :

-“Ijejjigen n ccwal” 2009 .

-“Nnig usennan” 2009.

15- Nasira CERIFI :

-“Tafsut mebla ijeǧǧigen” 2011 .

-“ Tfukk ur Tfukk ara ” 2013 .

18- Murad IRNATEN :

19- Fahim MESƐUDAN :

-“Gar yigeni d tmurt ”2017 .

21-Racida BEN SIDHUM :

-“lhif d usirem ”2018 .

-“Icenga n tudert” 2020.

22-Chabha BEN GANA :

-“Iseflan n tudert ”2020.

24- Lyes BELƐIDI :

-“Yezger asaka ”2020.

-“Tameddit n wass” 2020.

I-6 Amgarad yellan gar ungal d tullist

I-7 Tulmisin n wungal