Tasdawit n Bgayet

Tamesdayt n Tsekliwin d Tutlayt

Tasga n Tutlayt d Yidles n Tmazit

Tazrawt n Master
Tault n Tarakalt tamutlayt

Asentel
2016 -
2017
Asmeskel deg umawal asduklan
Taqbaylit - Tacawit

Sur : Ddaw n
ufus n Mass :

BAZIZ katia
B.hamek

Lahlali abla

Aseggas asdawen: 2016-2017

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Aawas
Tazwart
I. Aferdis n tasnarrayt
1. Afran n usentel
2. Iswi n usentel
3.Tamukrist
4.Turdiwin
5.Timental n ufran usentel
6.Asissen n tmenain
II. Aric n teri
Tasnala
1. Tasnala n yisem
1.1.Ticrat tigejdanin
1.1.1. Tawsit
1.1.2. Aman
1.1.3. Addad
1.2. Ticrat tisuddimin
2.Tasnala n umyag
2.1.Ticrat tigejdanin
2.1.1.Amatar udmawan
2.1.2.Askim n tmezri
2.2.Ticrat tisuddimin
Tasnamka
Amawal
III.Aric n teslet

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Tagrayt
Umu n yidlisen
Tazwert tamatut

Deg umaal ad naf azal n 6000 n tutlayin deg 200 n tmura

gar-asent Tamazit. Imazien d wid yefen adeg meqqer s waas
deg ugraw alasi seg umalu er tlisa n usammar n Maser, seg
yill agrakal deg ugafa er unul n tmurt n Nier d Mali,
ttmeslayen tutlayt I wumi qqaren tamazit.

Tutlayt tmazit tamyellelt n tantaliwin , timeslayin

,teskanay-d tala n tantaliwin i d-keflen deg unnar ameqqran
akked s daxel n tmura-nnien, gar n tantaliwin i d-naf taqbaylit
i yellan deg tmurt n Lezzayer, d yiwet gar tantaliwin n tmazit
I yesan azal meqqren, anda ara d-naf azal 5,5 n yimelyan
leqbayel lasab n Salem Chaker1 Tantala-ya gan fell-as aas n
tezrawin lada tid n yiserdasen, irumiyen Les pres blancs,
deg useggas 1946 deg Larbea n At Yiraten (fort national),
aegzawal amenzu n tantala taqbaylit d win Hanoteau Grammaire
Kabyle deg useggas 1858.

Ad naf daen Tacawit d tantala n temnat n wawras, d

tin i d-yezgan deg arf acku yeba-tt walas arakan ef tmurt n
Leqbayel, ef waya tameslayt-a ur tettwassen ara s waas ur
Leqbayel.Teef aric ameqqran deg usamer n tmurt n Lezzayer
tedda ula i tilisa n Lezzayer,ttmeslayen-tt deg wawras d
yimukan i s-d-yezzin (Bellezma,idurar n Bualeb,atg).Tacawit
temgarad ef tmeslayin-nnien deg tesnilest d yidles akken
daen temgarad deg umkan er waye.
1 Chaker s .Le berbre de kabylie,encyclopdie berbr ,XXVI ,2OO4 ,pp2.

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 ef waya asmeskel amutlay d yiwet n tnakti i d-yeqqaren d
akken d axel n yiwet n tutlayt ne deg yiwet n tmeslayt nezmer
ad naf amgired deg wayen yerzan aas n yiswiren ama deg
uswir n temsislit, tasnala, taseddast, tasnamka. Asmeskel d
win yeban ef sin n yiricen :Imrakal akked Imezgerkud ayen
ief i nga leqdic-a yerza asmeskel imrakal.

Asmeskel imrakal d win i d-icelen d usmeskel i d yettilin

gar tmeslayin i yellan deg idgan mgaraden, ihi ef waya
nexddem aserwes gar tmeslayt n Leqbayel akk d tmeslayt n
Icawiyen deg wayen yerzan amawal n tfelat.

Amahil-nne yerza aferdis n tenarayt d 2 n yiricen :

I.Aferdis n tesnarayt :Deg-s ad nmeslay ef tesnarayt ara

nefer, ef ufran n usentel, tamukrist, turdiwin, iswi n umahil,
assisen n temnain i negga tasastant.

II.Aric n teri : ad nawi awal ef kra n tbadutin ef tutlayt,

tameslayt, akked tantala,akk ad nemeslay ef
tsentalatamatut, asmeskel amutlay,akked usegzi n kra n
wallalen n tsenselkimt.

III.Aric n teslet : Deg-s anexdem inefkan ef tkeriwin, asent-

yer taslet.

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I.Aferdis n tesnarayt

Yal amail ilaq ad yefer tarrayt i waken ur yesu ara

uguren deg usegzi n usentel-is.

1. Asissen n usentel

M.Cohen yenna-d Taessa tamenzut i ilaq ad yexdem

umnadi d anadi d uskan n usentel n tsastant . 2

Asentel-a d win i kecmen deg tault n trakalt tutlayant deg

unnar n tesnantala n tmazit deg tmurt n Lezzayer.Yerza kan
snat n tantaliwin , tin n teqbaylit d tin n tcawit s umata, imi drus
leqdicat I yellan fell-asnt.Nefren-d yiwen umawal yerzan
tafelat, akken a nezer ma yella usmeskel amutlay gar-sent.

2.Iswi n usentel

2 Le premier choses faire est de rechercher et dlimiter lobjet denqute .

(Cohen .M ,1950 ;P15) .

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 Asentel-ayi d win ara ad yawin taslet ef tasnalamkant
ara yillin d asmeskel amutlay deg umawal asduklan gar
Taqbaylit akk d Tcawit (isem,amyag).

3.Tamukrist

Tamazit d tutlayt tayemmat n uref anasli n tefriqt n

ugafa, teba d tantaliwin . Asentel-nne d Asmeskel deg
umawal n tfelaht gar snat n tantaliwin Taqbaylit Tacawit ,
ef waya ad d-nefk kra n yiseqsiyen igejdanen :

1. Amek i yettili usmeskel amutlay gar snat n tmeslayin-a deg

tault n teflaht?
2. Dacu lmgirda yellan gar snat n tantaliwin-ayi ?
3. Ma yella d libid n temnain i yean asmeskel amutlay
gar snat n tmeslayin-ayi yettbeddil gar temnat er
taye ?
4.Turdiwin

Uqbel ad d-neg taslet i w sntel-nne, ad nefk kra n

turdiwin-a :

1. Asmeskel amutlay yettili yal mi ara nru seg temnat er

taye .
2. Lmgirda i zmeren ad yillin gar snat n tantaliwin-a d tin n
tesnalamkant.
3. D libid n temnain i d-yefkan s tuget asmeskel amutlay
akken i yettili asettum gar n temnain d aezfan akken i
itettili tmegarda s waas

5.Timental n ufran n usentel:

Tazwert-a d tin yerzan taslet tasnalamkant n umawal n
tfelat deg snat n tantaliwin Taqbaylit akk tcawit, ayen i

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 yenan ad d-nefren asentel-a d lexsas deg tutlayin n tmazit
s umata akk d tantala tacawit.

7.Asissen n tmenain

1.Leqbayel

Tamurt n leqbayel tezga-d deg Tefriqt n ugafa, imawlan-is

ssawal-as Tamurt idurar. Imezda-ines ttmeslayen taqbaylit,
yiwet gar tutlayin n Yimazien.Llant aas n temnain i t
yettmeslayem am:Bgayet,Tizi Wezzu,Bur Bu
Ariri,Tubiret,iel,Bumerdas d Sif.

2.Awras

Yezga-d deg ugafa-agmuan n tmurt n Lezzayer, deg

twilayin n Tbatent,Tixencelt, Suq Ahras,atg.Adrar layen deg
Wawras d taqacuct n Celyet yesan azal n 2.326 n lmitrat. Anda
llan deg-sen.

II.Aric n Tiri

Tasnala

Deg uric-a ad d-nawi awal ef wayen yerzan tasnala

yerzan amyag d wayen is-id-yezzin akked akk d isem d wayen
is-id-yezzin.

Tasnala d tussna ixeddmen taslet tasnalant i

wawalen,Polgure (A) yesbadu-tt-id :D aric n tesnilest,tzerrew

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taessa n wawalen3 Imi taessa n wawalen tebna ef taliwin
yenna-d Dubois (J) tasnala d tin izerwen tala n wawalen
(almadt usuddem) temgarad ef tseddast acku taneggarut-a
tzerrew tiwuriwin.4

II-1- Tasnala n yisem

Isem:d win I d d-yemmalen ayen yettidiren ne taawsa (amdan

,aersiw, imi) II.1.1. Ticra n yisem tigejdanin:

II. 1.1.1. Tawsit: Deg tmazit tawsit tesa snat n

tsekkiwin:Amalay d wunti.

II.1.1.2. Aman: d win id yemmalen .

*asuf yeskan-d aferdis

*asget yeskan-d aas sumata nessudum-it-id seg

yisem s tmerna n (_n;_im;_ n;_um) er taggara n yisem.

II.1.1.3.Addad: d aferdis n tjerrumt; d win id yefkan amgired

yellan gar waddad ilelli d umaruz.

II.2. Ticra tisuddimin

S usuddem ama seg umyag ne seg yisem, nezmer ad

nesker awalen ne ismawen anda yal yiwen ad yeddem taa it

3 Polgure,A .La morphologie est la branche de la linguistique qui tudie la

structure des mots formes .(Polgure,A . 2003 :P55) .

4 La morphologie est letude des formes des mots (flexion et drivation) par
opposition letude des fonctions ou syntaxe .(D ubois,j .1999 :P 311).

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yerzan iman-is :isem n tigawt, isem n umeskar,isem n wallal,
arbibatg.

II.2.1.Isem n tigawt: d isem id yettwasuddmen seg umyaga n

tigawt ne seg umyag n tara ticra n usuddem-ines ugtent ur
rkident ara.

II.2.2. Ismawen umeskar: yettili-d s tmerna n "m" I umyag, imi s

umata d win I d yettwasuddmen seg unyag ,yemmal-d win
ixedmen tigawt (deg yemyagen n tara) na anwa I tuz tara
(deg yemyagen n tara)

II.2.3.Ismawen n wallal: s tmerna n "s" I umyag .

II.2.Tasnaa n umyag

Amyag:D awal id-yemmalen tigawt ne taara, yemmal-

it-id umatar udmawan (win igan tigawt) akked ufeggag.

II.2.1.Ticra tigejdanin:amyag ur yezmir ara ad yili war ticra-a:

II.2.1.1.Amatar udmawan: d ticret tagejdant n umyag yemmal-d

win terza tigawt ,yeqqen srid er umyag ,ur yelli d
amqim,yezmer ad yili deg tazwara ne deg taggara .

II.2.1.2.Askim: d ticret i nrennu i uar,nezmir ad t-nernu i

umyag akken I nezmir ad d t-nernu I yisem.

II.2.1.Ticra tisuddimin:

II.2.1.1.Asswa: yettilin-d s tmerna n s er tazwara n ufeggag,

nezmir ad t-id

Nessile seg umyag aerfi ne seg yisem.

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II.2.1.2.Attwa: yemmal-d win i ef tera tigawt,nessili-it-id s
tmerna nttw,mm,ttuI ufeggag n umyag.

II.1.3.Amya: ticra n umyag teskan-d tigawt yeran gar sin ne

ugar,tettili-d s tmerna nmy,nn,m I umyag aerfi.

III- Ixef n Tasnamka

Tasnamka:

D tussna i izrwen inumak n tayunin n umawal akked wassaan

yellan gar-asent,aas id yewwi awal ef uric-a gar-asen:

Potgure A (2003:22): Tasnamka n yiwet n tutlayt ibanen, sumata

d tagruma n yinumak isenfaliyen n tutlayt-a ,akked tagruma n
yilugan n usenfali d tuddsa n yinumak-a 5.

Ma yella er Dubois J (1973: 427): tasnamka d tazrawt n

yinumak nwawalen, ne d allal n yinumak n yinawen 6.akken
daen ad d-naf Labro C(

2010: 1478): d tazrawt n umeslay s tmuli n unamek7.

Amawal

Amawal* d tagruma n yiferdisen i d-ixeddmen tutlayt n

yiwet n temiwant*,

5 la smantique dune langue donne, est grosso-modo lensemble des sens exprimable danscette langue ainsi
que lensemble des rgles dexpression et de combnaison de ces sens.

6 la smantique est une moyenne de reprsentation des sens des noncs.

7 ltude du langage du point du vue des sens .

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er Mounin G ( 1970: 103 ): Amawal d agraw n tayunin i yesan
anamek deg
yiwet n tutlayt deg yiwen wakud deg umezruy-is 8.

Tagrayt

Tarakalt tamutlayt tesa azal meqqer deg tesnilest; iswi-ines d

tazrawt n tantaliwin,akked temgarda i yellan gar temnat er
taye deg wayen yeran tantala n taqbaylit d tcawit deg
yiswiren n tasnaamkant d umawal anda ara d nesken lemgirda
yellan gar snat n tantaliyin-a.

8 Le lexique cest un ensemble des units significative dune langue donne un

momentdonne de son histoire .

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 Umu n yidlisen
1.ACHAB, A. (1979), Langue berbre
(Kabyle) :Initiation lecriture,Paris,Imedyazen.
2.BASSET, R. (1883), Manuel de langue
kabyle,Maisonneuve et Ch Leclerc.
3.BRETON, R. (1983), Gographie des langues,Presse
universitaire de France,Paris.
4.CHAKER, S. (1995), Linguistique berbre I, Ed.
Bouchne,Alger.
5.CHAKER, S. (1984), Texte en linguistique berbre
(introduction au domaine berbre),
Ed.Bouchne,Paris.
6.HUYCHE, R. (1906), Dictionnaire Franais-Chaouia,
Alger.
7.MAMMERI, M. (1990), Tajrrumt n tmazit (tantala
taqbaylit), Ed.Bouchne,Alger.
8.MARTINET, A. (2003),Elments de linguistique
gnerale,Ed.Armand Colin,Paris.

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