A CORRELATIONAL STUDY BETWEEN MODULAR LEARNING AND
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
 
 

A Research Paper
Presented to
RENELYN M. ROYO
Carigara National High School
Senior High Department
 
 
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Subject
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
 
 
CHRISLYN MERIDOR
IVAN TANALA
MARY ROSE CABELIN
ZYRILL MARIE GAMOT
MYLA GRABADOR
NAEOME JOY PANER
REGINE PRUEL,
CORAJHEAN SUELA

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 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Education and learning are thought to be the most crucial foundation of a

growing economy, yet the academic system needs radical transformation to be

able adapt to the new normal. During the pandemic, different learning modalities

have been implemented to make sure that the students will still be able to

accomplish their goals in studies. One of this new normal learning modality is

modular learning.

DepEd (2020), defines modular learning as another alternative learning

modality for the new normal which features individualized instruction that

allows learners to use self-learning modules in print or digital format, whichever

is applicable and available to the learners. Learners under modular learning can

also use other resources such as books, activity sheets, study guides, online

libraries, and other study materials.

Education is the foundation of a child’s future. If neglected, a nation’s future

will also be in danger. As to what Dr. Jose Rizal said, “The youth is the hope of

our country”. This modular learning modality opt to continue the education of

the students amidst the pandemic.

It emerges as a stepping stone to the educational sector and provides hands

on solutions to its current problems. One of the remarkable consequences of

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modular learning is that it engages, empowers and supports learning in such

manner that radically improve the academic performance of the students.

However, in some cases of modular learning, some factors affected the

students’ performance in academic for their time in their houses were divided

according to their household chores and other personal responsibilities. Thus,

making their focus divided into several parts. According to DepEd (2020), some

students also face difficulties in understanding the lessons on their own. So they

seek help from those who know the lesson and topic very well.

This findings were closely related to Moses-Carmel and Gold’s (2009),

statement that the advent of modular learning has made it possible for students

with busy lives and limited flexibility to obtain a quality education. As a result,

students are also able to study their lessons the way they wanted to. The modular

learning influences academic performance of the learners and if learners find it

hard to learn with this modality then they will neglect to achieve much

knowledge from their studies. As a result, it adversely influences learners’

academic performance.

However, academic performance is the gradual, measurable grading of

achievement as evident in grades earned, GPA (Grades Point Average) and

further (Williams, 2018). Teachers and education officials typically measure

achievement using classroom performances, graduation rates and results from

quarterly exams. But when the pandemic started, everything changed as it is

needed for the students to adapt on the new normal. This results to different

circumstances that challenged the students’ academic performances.

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 Student’s intellectual capacity and ability to understand the topics on their

own are vital elements influencing modular learning modality. Low intellectual

capacity or high intellectual capacity adversely influences learners’ achievement

and knowledge as it is known to be the foundation of studying.

Furthermore, the students’ will to learn is the one that controls them to do

good or not in their studies. If the student does not want to learn then any

learning modality will not be of use. However, if a student’s will to learn is high

and dedicated then no matter what the situation is, he will always learn anything

he wants to.

Moreover, guidance from the parents is also one of the most important

support a learner may acquire. With the modular learning modality, the parents

act as the facilitator of their child. The knowledge they will gain will depend on

how they were assessed and thought. Thus, influences the student’s academic

performance.

This research wants to inform educational organization in all respect and to

support in establishing different strategies in teaching the students while we are

with the modular learning modality. This is especially designed to know the

relationship of the modular learning and the academic performance of the

students. And the findings of this study will bring the best tool in the learning

processes.

Statement of the Problem

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 This study aims to know the relationship between modular learning and

academic performances of the students.

Specifically, this research seeks to answer the following questions:

1.What is the confidence level of the respondents to their personal learning with

regards to the following:

  a. Students Intellectual Capacity

  b. Students Will to Study

  c. Parental Guidance and Support

2. What is the level of academic performance of the students?

3. Is there a relationship between the confidence level in modular learning and

academic performance of the students?

Significance of the Study

 
Acquiring an in-depth understanding about this research study will directly

or

indirectly contribute to the existing body of knowledge, considering that this

study appends importance by emphasizing the learners’ adaptability to the

current education system referring the modular learning thus affecting the

academic performance of a learner. In addition, this pandemic has brought

changes in the life of the students.

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 Specifically, this research study would be a great significance of the

following individuals or groups:

  To the Students. The knowledge and information the students would gain

through this study would greatly benefit the way they handle the effects and

impact brought by the modular learning to their academic performance. With

this study, students would be able to reflect how modular learning affects their

daily lives and also to their studies.

  To the Teachers. Through this research, study educators would be motivated to

come up with an effective teaching strategies for their students to gain higher

grades in academic.

  To the Parents. The result of this research study would be beneficial to the

parents as they will be equipped with information regarding their children’s

education matter. They will become knowledgeable enough to understand the

new education system referring to modular learning.

  To the Future Researchers. This will serve as a reference and a guideline for

their study related to this topic.

 
Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The study will focus on the relationship of modular and academic

performances of the students. Moreover, its coverage will be the chosen students

of Carigara National High School (CNHS), S.Y 2021-2022. This study largely

depends on the honesty of the respondents. The result of this research will be

encoded on this paper to support the present study.

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 Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

In this chapter, compilation of related literature will be discussed. This will

be providing related studies regarding the relationship of modular learning and

academic performances of students. Modular learning is a broad term to be

discussed so this will be discussed according to its sections and factors that

affect the student’s academic performance. Review of related literature will be

helping in establishing a deeper understanding of underlying concepts, ideas and

principles of this research. The review will give descriptions for each identified

factor include the following: student’s intellectual capacity, student’s will to

study and parental guidance and support.

Modular learning features individualized instruction that allows learners to

use self-learning modules (SLMS) in print or digital format whichever is

applicable to the learner. Usually, teachers will have to deliver appropriate

learning materials, also modular learning as the word connotes, uses learning
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modules that facilitate student learning by themselves. However, there are

factors that affects the student’s academic performance with this learning

modality as it has always been known that not all students can finish their

lessons by themselves. Factors like the student’s intellectual capacity, student’s

will to study and parental guidance and support served as either a hindrance or

help to the students.

Student’s Intellectual Capacity

Student’s Intellectual Capacity is your ability to think with the use of our

intellect. It has been proven that it influences their academic performances.

Some students can finish their school works on their own while others could not

and still need someone to help them. With this learning modality, learners study

in their houses on their own. In order for them to learn, they had to rely on their

intellectual capacity thus influencing the student’s academic performance.

Student’s diversity, flexibility and mobility are some of the key motivations

behind modular course designs relate to the changing nature of the students

(Melbourne Centre, 2005).

The modular learning modality potentially opens greater possibilities of

expanding our intellectual capacity. There are varieties of chances in learning

that is offered by this learning modality. However, there are cases in those

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learners with lower intellectual capacity that finds it hard to accomplish some

activities. This takes a lot of their time and starts to create conflict with their

other activities.

Student’s Will to Study

Students see little value in the course or its content. Regardless of the

objective value of an activity or topic, if students do not recognize its value, they

may not be motivated to expend effort. However, if students clearly see how

coursework connects to their goals, interests and concerns, they will be more

likely to value it and they will be more motivated to invest time and effort

(Carnegie Mellon University, 2021).

Clearly articulate learning goals. Students will be more motivated to work

if they know what goals they are working towards. Articulating learning goals is

important for a variety of reasons, but it plays a key role in motivation by

showing students the specific value they will derive from a particular course,

unit, or activity.

Relevance to student’s academic lives. Students will be more motivated to

work hard if they see the value of what they are learning to their overall course

of study. Seeing the value of the material within a broader academic framework

can help students sustain motivation and persist through challenges and setbacks.

Relevance to students’ professional lives. Students are more likely to exert

effort in a course if they anticipate on eventual payoff in terms of their future

lives. Consequently, it is especially important to highlight the professional

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relevance of higher-level skills such as quantitative learning, public speaking,

persuasive writing, and teamwork, because students do not always recognize

their importance in the work world.

Students’ knowledge and skills. This kind of task allows students to work

within authentic constraints, interact with real clients, and explore possible

professions. Such as assignments may also create possibilities for future

internships or jobs. All of these factors are likely to increase student motivation.

Motivation is often enhanced when instructors connect course material to

students’ personal interests.

Passion and Enthusiasm. Your own enthusiasm about the course content

can be powerful and contagious. Even if students are not initially attracted to or

interested in the material, by clearly demonstrating your own enthusiasm, you

can often raise students’ curiosity and motivate them to find out what excites

you about the subject. This can lead them to engage more deeply than they had

initially planned to discover value they had overlooked.

Parental guidance and support

When the effects of parental support, behavioral control, and psychological

control were examined simultaneously in a large-scale study, parental support

was most strongly related to adolescent’s social competence and, more weakly

to lower levels of depression, stress and anxiety. Parental involvement is

essential for student development and offers many benefits; their self-esteem and

attitudes in learning improves. Having parents and teachers communicate more

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helps students feel more motivated in their studies especially in this modular

learning modality. Generally, it appears that parental support and behavioral

control are related to the student’s academic performance.

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Modular Learning

Student’s Intellectual
Capacity

Student’s Will to Study Academic Performance

Parental Guidance and

Support
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Figure 1. Conceptual Framework showing the relationship between Modular
Learning and Academic Performance.

H1: There is a significant relationship between Modular Learning and Academic

Performance.

Definition of Terms

Modular Learning – is an another alternative learning modality for the new

normal which features individualized instruction that allows learners to use self-

learning modules in print or digital format, whichever is applicable and available

to the learners.

Academic Performance – is the gradual, measurable grading of achievement as

evident in grades earned, GPA and further.

measure achievement using classroom performances, graduation rates and

results from quarterly exams

Student’s Intellectual Capacity – is your ability to think with the use of our

intellect.

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Student’s Will to Study – the willingness of the student to study a particular

topic.

Parental Guidance and Support – the support and guidance that we get from our

parents. It also the highest form of support, a student may acquirre from their

parents while studying with the modular learning.

Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter shows the methodology used in the study. It starts with the

description of the research survey design, sample chosen, the instruments used in

the study for gathering data and the procedures on data analysis. It proceeds to

describing the problems faced in collecting the data needed and it was examined

to arrive the answers of the research questions.

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Research Design

This study used Correlation Research Design as according to Creswell, the

research method enables us to identify and measure the relationship between two

or more variables. Here, the research design will enable us to identify the

relationship between the Modular Learning and Academic Performance of the

students.

Sample

In choosing the respondents for this research, the researchers randomly

selected Senior High School students of Carigara National High School. A total

of 60 senior high school students who were recognized as the references

supplied the needed information for the success of this study. Due to the

pandemic, the respondents were chosen out of convenience.

Instrument

Survey Questionnaire

The researchers used questionnaires as the instrument in obtaining data

needed for this study. According to Kombo and Tromp (2006), questionnaires

are the written sets of questions that could be an instrument in order to gather

facts or opinion and intended at obtaining specific information on a given topic.

Researchers, moreover, chose this kind of instrument because it could easily be

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presented and interpreted. The questionnaires are consisted of 10 items to be

answered by the respondents using the Likert scale of 1-5 – 5-highly agree; 4-

agree; 3-neutral; 2-disagree; and 1-highly disagree. The instrument that will be

use has undergone the validity and reliability testing.

Data Collection Procedure

This study used questionnaires as an instrument to obtain data needed from

the chosen Senior High School students of Carigara National High School using

random sampling. Because of the pandemic, the distribution of the

questionnaires will be handled through online platforms. We will ask permission

to do this through a letter that will be sent to the school head or principal. Since

the study focuses on the modular learning we will give the participants an

allotted time within the day in order for them to answer all the given questions.

Questionnaires will then be collected after the given time after the distribution

for the legitimacy of the research. This might take time due to the current

condition of the world.

Data Analysis Procedure

When the necessary data is gathered from the used instrument, which is the

survey questionnaires, the quantitative data will be analyzed by the researchers

analytically in order to obtain frequencies, graphs, and percentages to be

presented precisely and accurately.

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 In getting the correlation between students’ academic performance and the

modular learning modality, the Pearson correlation was used. Pearson product-

moment correlation is a measure of strength of a linear association between two

variables and is denoted by r. Basically, a Pearson product-moment correlation

attempts to draw a line of best bit through the data of two variables, and the

Pearson correlation coefficient, r, indicates how far away all these data points

are to this line of best fits.

Research Hypothesis

1. Students with higher intellectual capacity have better academic

performances.

2. Students who are supported and guided by their parents performs better

than those who have no one to support and guide them.

3. Students who have the will to study have better academic performance.

A CORRELATIONAL STUDY BETWEEN MODULAR LEARNING AND

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
Name (Optional): ____________________________________________

Average Grade for SY 2020-2021: _________

Direction: Check the number that corresponds to your answer.

Scale: Description Interpretation

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 5 – Highly Agree -always

4 – Agree -sometimes

3 – Neutral -neutral

2 – Moderately Agree -rarely

1 – Highly Disagree -never

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1

1. Able to finish activities on

my own.
2. Able to finish activities when
motivated.
3. Learner’s personality affects
the academic performance.
4. Parental guidance affects my
interest in studying.
5. Parent’s support helps the
learner cope up with the new
learning modality.
6. Learner is confident with
his/her intellectual capacity.
7. Conflicts with household
chores affects the academic
performance of the learner.
8. Learners are able to finish
their activities on time.
9. Learner’s learning
environment affects their
academic performance.
10. Modular learning positively
affects the learner’s academic
performance.
11. Learner is willing to learn
amidst the pandemic.
12. Learner adapts the different
ways of learning.
13. Parent’s presence/absence
affects the way I learn.

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14. Able to create his/her own
ways of nurturing his/her
knowledge.
15. Learner is able to intensify
his/her knowledge through
studying alone.

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 References

Department of Education (2020). Modular Learning

Moses-Carmel & Gold (2009). Analysis of Student Performance in an Online vs.

Face-to-Face Environmental Science Course from 2009 to 2016

Williams, E. (2018). What is the Meaning of Academic Performance? Retrieved

from https://work.chron.com/meaning-academic-performance-17332.html.

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