ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI

AFFLIATED INSTITUTIONS
REGULATIONS – 2017
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
M.TECH. REMOTE SENSING

PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs) :

I. To prepare students to excel in research or to succeed in Remote Sensing and Geomatics

profession through global, rigorous post graduate education.
II. To provide students with a solid foundation in mathematical, scientific and engineering
fundamentals required to solve Remote Sensing and Geomatics problems.
III. To train students for gaining knowledge on concepts and applications leading to modelling
of earth resources management using Remote Sensing and Geomatics.
IV. To inculcate students in professional and ethical attitude, effective communication skills,
teamwork skills, multidisciplinary approach, and an ability to relate Remote Sensing and
Geomatics issues to broader social context.
V. To provide student with an academic environment aware of excellence, leadership, written
ethical codes and guidelines, and the life-long learning needed for a successful
professional career.

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (POs):

On successful completion of the programme,

1. Graduates will demonstrate knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering.

2. Graduates will demonstrate an ability to identify, formulate and solve Remote Sensing and
Geomatics problems.
3. Graduate will demonstrate an ability to analyze and interpret data.
4. Graduates will be fully equipped with concepts, methodologies and applications of Remote
Sensing and Geomatics Technology.
5. Graduates will demonstrate an ability to visualize and work on multidisciplinary tasks.
6. Graduate will demonstrate skills in handling instruments, software tools, techniques and
modeling while using Remote Sensing and Geomatics Technolology.
7. Graduates will demonstrate knowledge of professional and ethical responsibilities.
8. Graduate will be able to communicate effectively in both verbal and written form.
9. Graduate will show the understanding of impact of engineering solutions on the society and
also will be aware of contemporary issues.
10. Graduate will develop confidence for self education and ability for life-long learning.

1
 Programme Programme Outcomes
Educational
Objectives PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10

I    

II   

III     

IV     

V     

2
 PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10
Statistical methods for 
Engineers
Computational Photogrammetry    
Optical Remote Sensing   
Spatial Information System    
SEM 1
Professional Elective I
Remote Sensing and    
Photogrammetry Laboratory
YEAR 1

Spatial Information System    

Laboratory
Electronic Surveying    
Programming For Spatial Data    
Processing
Satellite Image Processing    
SEM 2 Professional Elective II
Professional Elective III
Electronic Surveying Laboratory     
Satellite Image Processing     
Laboratory
Microwave Remote Sensing    
Professional Elective IV
Professional Elective V
YEAR 2

SEM 1 Microwave Remote Sensing    

Laboratory
Industrial Training (2 weeks)     
Project Work Phase I      
SEM 2 Project Work Phase II      

3
 ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI
AFFLIATED INSTITUTIONS
M.TECH. REMOTE SENSING
REGULATIONS – 2017
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
CURRICULA AND SYLLABI

SEMESTER I

COURSE CONTACT
S.No COURSE TITLE CATEGORY L T P C
CODE PERIODS
THEORY
1. MA5165 Statistical Methods for
FC 4 4 0 0 4
Engineers
2. RS5101 Computational
PC 3 3 0 0 3
Photogrammetry
3. RS5102 Optical Remote
PC 3 3 0 0 3
Sensing
4. RS5103 Spatial Information
PC 3 3 0 0 3
System
5. Professional Elective I PE 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICAL
6. RS5111 Remote Sensing and
Photogrammetry PC 4 0 0 4 2
Laboratory
7. RS5112 Spatial Information
PC 4 0 0 4 2
System Laboratory
TOTAL 24 16 0 8 20

SEMESTER II

COURSE CONTACT
S.No COURSE TITLE CATEGORY L T P C
CODE PERIODS
THEORY
1. RS5201 Electronic Surveying PC 3 3 0 0 3
2. RS5202 Programming For
Spatial Data FC 5 3 2 0 4
Processing
3. RS5203 Satellite Image
PC 3 3 0 0 3
Processing
4. Professional Elective II PE 3 3 0 0 3
5. Professional Elective III PE 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICAL
6. RS5211 Electronic Surveying
PC 4 0 0 4 2
Laboratory
7. RS5212 Satellite Image
PC 4 0 0 4 2
Processing Laboratory
TOTAL 25 15 0 8 20

4
 SEMESTER III

COURSE CONTACT
S.No COURSE TITLE CATEGORY L T P C
CODE PERIODS
THEORY
1. RS5301 Microwave Remote
PC 3 3 0 0 3
Sensing
2. Professional Elective IV PE 3 3 0 0 3
3. Professional Elective V PE 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICAL
4. RS5311 Microwave Remote
PC 4 0 0 4 2
Sensing Laboratory
5. RS5312 Industrial Training EEC - 0 0 0 1
(2 weeks during summer
vacation at the end of
Semester II)
6. RS5313 Project Work (Phase I) EEC 12 0 0 12 6
TOTAL 25 9 0 12 18

SEMESTER IV

COURSE CONTACT
SI.No COURSE TITLE CATEGORY L T P C
CODE PERIODS
PRACTICAL
1. RS5411 Project Work (Phase II) EEC 24 0 0 24 12
TOTAL 24 0 0 24 12

TOTAL NO. OF CREDITS: 70

5
 FOUNDATION COURSES (FC)

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEGORY CONTACT L T P C

CODE PERIODS
1. MA5165 Statistical methods FC 4 4 0 0 4
for engineers
2. RS5202 Programming For FC 5 3 2 0 4
Spatial Data
Processing

PROFESSIONAL CORE (PC)

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEGORY CONTACT L T P C

CODE PERIODS
1. RS5101 Computational PC 3 3 0 0 3
Photogrammetry
2. RS5102 Optical Remote PC 3 3 0 0 3
Sensing
3. RS5103 Spatial Information PC 3 3 0 0 3
System
4. RS5111 Remote Sensing and PC 4 0 0 4 2
Photogrammetry
Laboratory
5. RS5112 Spatial Information PC 4 0 0 4 2
System Laboratory
6. RS5201 Electronic Surveying PC 3 3 0 0 3
7. RS5203 Satellite Image PC 3 3 0 0 3
Processing
8. RS5211 Electronic Surveying PC 4 0 0 4 2
Laboratory
9. RS5212 Satellite Image PC 4 0 0 4 2
Processing
Laboratory
10. RS5301 Microwave Remote PC 3 3 0 0 3
Sensing
11. RS5311 Microwave Remote
PC 4 0 0 4 2
Sensing Laboratory

6
 PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES

SEMESTER I
ELECTIVE I

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEGORY CONTACT L T P C

CODE PERIODS
1. RS5001 Geodesy PE 3 3 0 0 3
2. RS5002 Planetary Remote PE 3 3 0 0 3
Sensing

SEMESTER II
ELECTIVE II

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEGORY CONTACT L T P C

CODE PERIODS
1. RS5003 Airborne and PE 3 3 0 0 3
Terrestrial Laser
Scanning for Large
Scale Mapping
2. RS5004 Disaster PE 3 3 0 0 3
Management and
Geomatics
Applications
3. RS5005 Thermal and Hyper PE 3 3 0 0 3
Spectral Remote
Sensing

SEMESTER II
ELECTIVE III

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEGORY CONTACT L T P C

CODE PERIODS
1. RS5006 Geomatics in PE 3 3 0 0 3
Environmental
Monitoring and
Modelling
2. RS5007 Open Source PE 4 2 2 0 3
Software for
Geomatics

7
 SEMESTER III
ELECTIVE IV
S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEGORY CONTACT L T P C
CODE PERIODS
1. RS5008 Satellite PE 3 3 0 0 3
Meteorology
2. RS5009 Remote Sensing PE 3 3 0 0 3
and Geomatics for
Agriculture and
Forestry
3. RS5010 Remote Sensing PE 3 3 0 0 3
and Geomatics for
Urban Planning and
Management

SEMESTER III
ELECTIVE V

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEGORY CONTACT L T P C

CODE PERIODS
1. RS5011 Soft Computing PE 3 3 0 0 3
Techniques
2. RS5012 Spatial Data PE 3 3 0 0 3
Modelling
3. RS5013 Web Technology PE 4 2 2 0 3
Programming for
GIS

EMPLOYABILITY ENHANCEMENT COURSES (EEC)

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEGORY CONTACT L T P C

CODE PERIODS
1. RS5312 Industrial Training EEC - 0 0 0 1
(2 weeks during
summer vacation at the
end of Semester II)
2. RS5313 Project Work (Phase I) EEC 12 0 0 12 6
3. RS5411 Project Work (Phase II) EEC 24 0 0 24 12

8
MA5165 STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS L T P C
4 0 0 4

OBJECTIVES :
 This course is designed to provide the solid foundation on topics in various statistical
methods which form the basis for many other areas in the mathematical sciences including
statistics, modern optimization methods and risk modeling. It is framed to address the
issues and the principles of estimation theory, testing of hypothesis, correlation and
regression, design of experiments and multivariate analysis.

UNIT I ESTIMATION THEORY 12

Estimators : Unbiasedness, Consistency, Efficiency and sufficiency – Maximum likelihood
estimation – Method of moments.

UNIT II TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS 12

Sampling distributions - Small and large samples -Tests based on Normal, t, Chi square, and F
distributions for testing of means, variance and proportions – Analysis of
r x c tables – Goodness of fit.

UNIT III CORRELATION AND REGRESSION 12

Multiple and partial correlation – Method of least squares – Plane of regression – Properties of
residuals – Coefficient of multiple correlation – Coefficient of partial correlation – Multiple
correlation with total and partial correlations – Regression and partial correlations in terms of lower
order co - efficient.

UNIT IV DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS 12

Analysis of variance – One way and two way classifications – Completely randomized design –
Randomized block design – Latin square design - 22 Factorial design.

UNIT V MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS 12

Random vectors and matrices – Mean vectors and covariance matrices – Multivariate normal
density and its properties – Principal components : Population principal components – Principal
components from standardized variables.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES :
After completing this course, students should demonstrate competency in the following topics:
 Consistency, efficiency and unbiasedness of estimators, method of maximum likelihood
estimation and Central Limit Theorem.
 Use statistical tests in testing hypotheses on data.
 Concept of linear regression, correlation, and its applications.
 List the guidelines for designing experiments and recognize the key historical figures in
Design of Experiments.
 Perform exploratory analysis of multivariate data, such as multivariate normal density,
calculating descriptive statistics, testing for multivariate normality.
The students should have the ability to use the appropriate and relevant, fundamental and applied
mathematical and statistical knowledge, methodologies and modern computational tools.

REFERENCES :
1. Gupta.S.C., and Kapoor, V.K., “Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics”, Sultan Chand and
Sons, 11th Edition, 2002.
2. Jay L. Devore, “Probability and statistics for Engineering and the Sciences”, 8th Edition,
Cengage Learning, 2014.
3. Johnson, R.A. and Wichern, D. W. “Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis”, Pearson
Education, Asia, 6th Edition, 2007.

9
4. Johnson, R.A., Miller, I and Freund J., "Miller and Freund’s Probability and Statistics for
Engineers", Pearson Education, Asia, 8th Edition, 2015.
5. Rice, J.A. "Mathematical Statistics and Data Analysis", 3rd Edition, Cengage Learning, 2015.

RS5101 COMPUTATIONAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY LTPC

3 003

OBJECTIVE:
 To introduce basics and concepts of aerial photography, acquisition and mapping from
aerial photographs using different types of stereo plotters

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOGRAMMETRY 9

Principles - Stereoscopic depth perception – aerial photo-aerial camera -Scale – overlaps –
stereoscopy – concepts – viewing and measuring system – principle of floating mark – methods of
parallax measurement – vertical photographs – geometry, scale, parallax equations, planimetric
mapping – Tilted photograph – Geometry, Coordinate system, Scale, Planimetric mapping

UNIT II TRANSFORMATIONS 9
Coordinate systems for Photogrammetry - Map projections, Datums and conversions- 2D
Coordinate transformations-Collinearity and Space resection-Analytical stereomodel and relative
orientation- Three dimensional Coordinate transformations

UNIT III ORIENTATION AND MAPPING 9

Concepts of interior, relative, absolute orientation – direct georeferencing – object, image relation -
collinearity and coplanarity conditions – effect of orientation elements - Elements and principles of
Aerotriangulation – Independent Models-Simultaneous bundle adjustment - ortho mosaic

UNIT IV DIGITAL IMAGE HANDLING 9

Digital cameras- CCD camera- full frame, frame transfer, interline CCD camera - Time delay
integration- spectral sensitivity of CCD sensor – geometry and radiometry problem of CCD image -
Image Generation - Data Compression - formats – Georeferencing - Stereo viewing - Display
modes - image matching techniques - Image measurements.

UNIT V DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY PROCESSES 9

Review of space resection & intersection - Automatic tie point generation - Automatic Block
triangulation, feature collection and plotting–DEM Generation - accuracy of DEMs,
Orthorectification - regular & irregular data collection methods - contour generation - watershed
delineation - Satellite Photogrammetry principles – missions - stereo image products.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall
 Acquire knowledge about photogrammetry principles, methods and products generation
strategies in both Analytical and digital photogrammetry system.
 Understand the problem related to generation of products and solving them.
REFERENCES:
1. Edward M. Mikhail, James S.Bethel, J.Chris McGlone, Introduction on “Modern
Photogrammetry”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2001, ISBN 0-471-30924-9
2. Francis h. Moffitt, Edward M. Mikhail, Photogrammetry, TBS The Book Service Ltd, Third
Edition,1980, ISBN 070022517X, 9780700225170

10
 3. Karl Kraus, Photogrammetry, Fundamentals and standard processes, Dümmler, 2000,
ISBN 978 3 11019007 6
4. Micheal Kasser and Yves Egels, “Digital Photogrammetry”, Taylor and Francis, 2003, ISBN
0203305957, 9780203305959
5. Paul Wolf, Bon DeWitt, Benjamin Wilkinson, Photogrammetry with Application in GIS,
McGraw-Hill Professional, Fourth Edition, 2013, ISBN 007176111X,9780071761116
6. Wilfried Linder, “Digital Photogrammetry”-Theory and Applications, Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg New York, 2003, ISBN 3-540-00810-1

RS5102 OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING L T P C

3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVE:
 The objective of this course is to familiarize about the principles of remote sensing ,data
acquisition and analysis of satellite data.

UNIT I PHYSICS OF REMOTE SENSING 9

Remote Sensing - Defintion - Components - Electro Magnetic Spectrum – Basic wave theory –
Particle theory – Stefan Boltzman law - Wiens-Displacement Law - Radiometric quantities -
Effects of Atmosphere- Scattering – Different types –Absorption-Atmospheric window- Energy
interaction with surface features – Spectral reflectance of vegetation, soil and water –atmospheric
influence on spectral response patterns- multi concept in Remote sensing.

UNIT II PLATFORMS 9
Orbit elements – Types of orbits – Motions of planets and satellites – Launch of space vehicle –
Orbit perturbations and maneuvers – escape velocity - Types and characteristics of different
remote sensing platforms – sun synchronous and geo synchronous satellites.

UNIT III OPTICAL SENSORS 9

Classification of remote sensors – selection of sensor parameters - resolution concept - Spectral,
Radiometric and temporal resolution – Quality of images in optical systems – imaging mode –
photographic camera – opto-mechanical scanners – pushbroom and whiskbroom cameras –
Panchromatic, multi spectral , hyperspectral scanners – geometric characteristics of scanner
imagery - Earth resource satellites operating with optical sensors- Landsat, SPOT, IRS,
WorldView

UNIT IV DATA RECEPTION AND DATA PRODUCTS 9

Ground segment organization – Data product generation – sources of errors in received data –
referencing scheme – data product output medium – Digital products – Super structure, Fast,
GeoTIFF, Hierarchical and HDF formats – Indian and International Satellite Data Products –
ordering of data

UNIT V DATA ANALYSIS 9

Data products and their characteristics – Elements of visual interpretation – interpretation keys –
Digital image processing – Preprocessing – Image rectification – Image enhancement techniques
– Image classification – Supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms for multispectral
and hyperspectral images – Accuracy assessment.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

11
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Acquire knowledge about the principles and physics of Remote sensing and data
acquisition.
 Get familiarized with various data analysis techniques.
REFERENCES:
1. Charles Elachi and Jakob J. van Zyl , Introduction To The Physics and Techniques of
Remote Sensing , Wiley Series in Remote Sensing and Image Processing, 2006.
2. George Joseph, Fundamentals of Remote Sensing, Second Edition, Universities Press
(India) Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, 2005, ISBN: 8173715351, 9788173715358
3. John A.Richards, Springer – Verlag, Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis, 2005,
ISBN:3540251286.
4. John R. Jensen, Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective,
Fourth Edition, 2016, ISBN-13: 9780134395166.
5. Lillesand T.M., and Kiefer,R.W. Remote Sensing and Image interpretation, Seventh edition
of John Wiley & Sons-2015, ISBN : 978-1-118-91947-7.
6. Paul Curran P.J. Principles of Remote Sensing, ELBS; 1995.
7. Sabins, F.F.Jr, Remote Sensing Principles and Image interpretation, W.H.Freeman &
Co,1978.

RS5103 SPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM LTPC

3 003

OBJECTIVES:
 Expose the students with concepts of cartography as major components of input and
output
related to cartography.
 To provide exposure to data models and data structures in GIS and to introduce various
Raster and Vector Analysis capabilities.
 To expose the concept of quality and design of cartographic outputs in open GIS
environment.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF CARTOGRAPHY AND GIS 9

Definition of Map - Mapping Organsiation in India- Classification based on Function, Scale,
Characteristics – Ellipsoid and Geoid – Co-ordinate Systems - Rectangular and Geographic
Coordinates – UTM and UPS - Projection – Function - Types of Map Projections –
Transformations – Function - Affine transformation - Choice of Map Projection – Evolution of
cartography- Geo-Spatial, Spatial and Non-spatial data – Definition of GIS – Evolution GIS –
Components of GIS.

UNIT II GIS DATA MODELS AND DATA INPUT 9

Point, Line Polygon / Area, elevation and surface –Tessellations - Attributes and Levels of
Measurement - Data Sources – Ground and Remote Sensing survey – Collateral data collection –
Input: Map scanning and digitization, Registration and Georeferencing – Concepts of
RDBMS - Raster Data Model – Grid – Data Encoding - Data Compression – Vector Data Model
– Topological properties – Arc Node Data Structure – Raster Vs. Vector Comparison – File
Formats for Raster and Vector – Data conversion between Raster and vector.

12
UNIT III RASTER AND VECTOR DATA ANALYSIS 9
Raster Data analysis: Local, Neighborhood and Regional Operations – Map Algebra – Vector Data
Analysis: Topological Analysis, point-in-polygon, Line-in-polygon, Polygon-in-Polygon –
Proximity Analysis: buffering, Thiessen Polygon – Non-topological analysis: Attribute data
Analysis- concepts of SQL– ODBC

UNIT IV NETWORK ANALYSIS AND SURFACE ANALYSIS 9

Network – Creating Network Data - Origin, Destination, Stops, Barriers – Closest Facility
Analysis, Service Area Analysis, OD Cost matrix analysis, Shortest Path Analysis –
Address Geocoding – Surface Analysis – DEM, DTM - Point data to Surface interpolation – DEM
Representaiton - Applications

UNIT V DATA OUTPUT AND WEB BASED GIS 9

Map Compilation – Cartographic functionalities for Map Design – Symbolization – Conventional
signs and symbols – Spatial Data Quality – Lineage, Positional Accuracy, Attribute Accuracy,
Completeness, Logical Consistency - Meta Data – Web based GIS: Definition, Merits -
Architecture – Map Server – Spatial Data Infrastructure – Spatial Data Standards
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall
 Acquire knowledge about cartographic principles, spatial data models and spatial analysis.
 Understand the cartographic outputs in open GIS environment.

REFERENCES:
1. C.P. Lo, Albert K.W. Yeung, Concepts and Techniques of Geographic Information
Systems, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2006, ISBN-13: 9780131495029
2. John Jensen, Ryan Jensen, Introductory Geographic Information Systems,
International Edition, Pearson Publishers, 2012, ISBN-10: 0136147763, ISBN-13:
9780136147763
3. Kang-tsung Chang, Introduction to Geographic Information Systems with Data Set CD-
ROM, 6th Edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2013, ISBN-10: 0077805402,. ISBN-13: 978-0077805401

RS5111 REMOTE SENSING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY LABORATORY LT PC

0 0 42

OBJECTIVE:
 This course will facilitate the students to have hands on experience on different steps of
visual interpretation of satellite images & photographs and digital interpretation of
photographs.
REMOTE SENSING EXERCISES
1. Map reading - Survey of India Topo sheets. 4
2. Preparation of Base Map from Survey of India Topo sheets 4
3. Preparation of Land use/land cover map using Satellite Data / Aerial Photograph. 4
4. Preparation and analysis of spectral signatures using handheld spectroradiometer for
(a) Vegetation 4
(b) Soil 4
(c) Water 4
PHOTOGRAMMETRY EXERCISES
1. Testing stereovision with test card and Stereoscopic acquity 4
2. Mirror stereoscope- base lining and orientation of aerial photographs 4
3. Use of parallax bar to find the height of point 4
4. Scale of vertical photographs and Photo interpretation 4
13
 5. Orientations using digital photogrammetric workstation 4
6. ATM using small blocks – Part I 4
7. ATM using small blocks – Part II 4
8. DEM,DSM,DTM and Orthogeneration 4
9. Feature Extraction by Stereoplotting and Monoplotting 4

TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
 On completion of this course, the student shall be able to acquire skills to carry out the Lab
Exercises independently on visual interpretation of satellite images and digital processing
of aerial photographs.

RS5112 SPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM LABORATORY LT PC

0 04 2

OBJECTIVES:
 The exercises are designed to give practical exposure to the students to data
input, data storage, data analyses and data output capabilities of a standard GIS software.
 It also adds skills in mapping techniques and map outputs.
1. Rectification and Spatial Referencing of Digital Map
2. Onscreen Digitization and Database Creation
3. Projection and Re-projection of spatial data
4. Data Conversion – Vector to Raster, Raster to Vector
5. Populating Attribute data base and querying on attribute data
6. Generation of DEM: from contours, spot heights, GRID and TIN, Isometric mapping
7. Vector Analysis – Buffering, Overlay and Network analysis, flood mapping
8. Raster Analysis – Measurement - Arithmetic overlaying, Logical overlaying, Class interval
selection, choropleth maps
9. Map Output - Bar charts, Pie charts and symbols
10. Map compilation
11. Modelling spatial variability
12. Weighted theisson polygon and districting
13. Customisation and scripting
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOME:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Acquire skills to carry out the Lab Exercises independently on spatial information system
analysis and customisation.

14
RS5201 ELECTRONIC SURVEYING LT PC
3 0 03

OBJECTIVE :
 To understand the working of Total Station, Electronic Distance Measurement and GPS
equipments and solve the surveying problems.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF TOTAL STATION AND GPS 9

Methods of Measuring Distance, Basic Principles of Total Station, Historical Development,
Classifications, applications and comparison with conventional surveying. Global Navigation
System, Regional Navigation System and SBAS - Basic concepts of GNSS, Glonass,IRNSS -
Historical perspective and development - applications - Geoid and Ellipsoid- satellite orbital motion
- Keplerian motion – Kepler‟s Law - Perturbing forces - Geodetic satellite - Doppler effect-
Different Coordinate and Time System.

UNIT II ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 9

Classification - applications of Electromagnetic waves, Propagation properties, wave propagation
at lower and higher frequencies- Refractive index (RI) - factors affecting RI-Computation of group
for light and near infrared waves at standard and ambient conditions-Computation of RI for
microwaves at ambient condition - Reference refractive index- Real time application of first velocity
correction. Measurement of atmospheric parameters- Mean refractive index- Second velocity
correction -Total atmospheric correction- Use of temperature - pressure transducers.

UNIT III ELECTRO OPTICAL AND MICRO WAVE SYSTEM 9

Electro-optical system: Measuring principle, Working principle, Sources of Error, Infrared and
Laser Total Station instruments. Microwave system: Measuring principle, working principle,
Sources of Error, Microwave Total Station instruments. Comparison between Electro-optical and
Microwave system. Care and maintenance of Total Station instruments– Applications of COGO
functions -Traversing and Trilateration – Downloading and mapping - Recent trends.

UNIT IV GPS SATELLITE SYSTEM 9

GPS - Different segments - space, control and user segments - satellite configuration - GPS signal
structure - Orbit determination and representation - Anti Spoofing and Selective Availability - Task
of control segment - GPS receivers.

UNIT V GPS DATA PROCESSING 9

GPS observables - code and carrier phase observation - linear combination and derived
observables - concept of parameter estimation – downloading the data -data processing –
software modules -solutions of cycle slips, ambiguities, RINEX format. Concepts of rapid, static
methods with GPS - semi Kinematic, pure Kinematic and Real time kinematic methods -basic
constellation of satellite geometry & accuracy measures - applications- use of different softwares.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course students shall be able to
 Understanding the concepts of Electromagnetic waves and impact of Refractive Index. 
 Work with Electro optical and microwave Total Station and understand error sources. 
 Understand the advantages of electronic surveying over conventional surveying methods 
 Understand the working principle of GNSS , its components, signal structure, and error
 sources 
 Understand various GNSS surveying methods and processing techniques used in GNSS
 observations 
 Familiarise various areas of GNSS applications and new developments. 

15
REFERENCES :
1. Alfred Leick, GPS satellite surveying, John Wiley & Sons Inc., Fourth Edition, 2015, ISBN:
978-1-118-67557-1.
2. Guocheng Xu, GPS Theory, Algorithms and Applications, Springer Science & Business
Media, Second Edition, 2007, ISBN: 3540727159, 9783540727156
3. Laurila, S.H. Electronic Surveying in Practice, John Wiley and Sons Inc, 1993.
4. R.Subramanian, Surveying and Levelling, Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2012.
5. Rueger, J.M. Electronic Distance Measurement, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990.
6. Satheesh Gopi, rasathishkumar, N.madhu, ― Advanced Surveying , Total Station GPS
and Remote Sensing ― Pearson education , 2007 isbn: 978-81317 00679
7. Seeber G, Satellite Geodesy, Walter De Gruyter, Berlin, 1998

RS5202 PROGRAMMING FOR SPATIAL DATA PROCESSING L T P C

3 2 0 4

OBJECTIVE :
 The objective of the course is to make the students to understand the concepts of OOPS,
C++ Programming, MATLAB, IDL and VISUAL BASIC

UNIT I CONCEPTS OF OOPS AND INTRODUCTION TO C++ 9+6

Abstract Data types – Inheritance – Polymorphism – Object Identity – Object Modeling – Object
Oriented Programming Languages –– Object Oriented Analysis – Object Oriented Design –
Introduction to C++ - Keywords, Identifiers – Data types – Variables – Operators – Manipulators –
Operator Overloading – Operator Precedence – Control Statements – Functions – Call by
Reference – Arguments – Function Overloading – Exercises

UNIT II C++ PROGRAMMING 9+6

Classes and Objects – Member Functions – Private and Public Member function – Nesting of
Member Functions – Array of Objects – Pointer to Members – Constructors – Destructors – Type
Conversions - Inheritance – File Modes – File Pointers – Random Access – Error Handling -
Exercises

UNIT III PROGRAMMING USING MATLAB 9+6

Basics- Syntax, operators, data types, array indexing and manipulation - Two and three-
dimensional plots, images, animation, visualization - Program files, control flow, editing, debugging
– GUI Building

UNIT IV PROGRAMMING USING IDL 9+6

Introduction – The IDL interface – data types –constants, arrays – Creating batch process – IDL
Statements - Contour –surface plot – Mapping

Unit V GIS CUSTOMISATION PROGRAMMING USING VISUAL BASIC 9+6

Accessing databases with the Data Controls – ADO Object Model – ODBC and data access
Objects – ODBC using DAO and Remote Data Objects – Data Environment and Data Report –
ActiveX Controls – GIS Customisation – Case studies

TOTAL (L:45 + T:30) :75 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
 Understanding the concepts of OOPS, C++ Programming,MATLAB, IDL and VISUAL
BASIC in spatial data processing.
16
REFERENCES:
1. Balagurusamy. E., Object Oriented Programming with C++, Tata McGraw Hill Publications,
Fourth edition, 2008
2. J. H. Mathews and K.D. Fink, Numerical methods using MATLAB, Pearson Education.
3. Kenneth P. Bowman, An Introduction to Programming with IDL: Interactive Data
Language, Academic Press, First edition, 2005
4. Paul J. Deitel and Harvey M. Deital “Visual Basic 2005 for Programmers”, 2nd Edition,
Pearson Education, 2007.
5. Stanley B.Lippman, A C++ Primer Plus, Sixth Edition, Addison Wesley Publications,
Second Edition 2012, ISBN-13: 9780132781176

RS5203 SATELLITE IMAGE PROCESSING LTP C

3 00 3

OBJECTIVE:
 The objective of the course is to describe about the procedure of satellite data acquisition
and analysis.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS 9
Satellite systems and data – acquisition - storage - orbits – Data formats –Data products – Image
processing system – factors to be considered- Image display systems – Image sampling and
quantization - Basic relationship between pixels.

UNIT II SENSOR AND DATA MODEL 9

Sensor model – pixel characters - Image formation – Histogram -Types- Uni-variate & multi-variate
image statistics – spatial statistics – Image registration and ortho rectification - Geometric and
radiometric correction - noise models.
UNIT III IMAGE ENHANCEMENTS 9
Spectral signatures – Image characteristics, feature space scatterogram- point, local and regional
operation – contrast, spatial feature and multi image manipulation techniques - Fourier transform -
principle component analysis - Optimal Rotation Transformation – Scale-space transform, wavelet
transform. multi-image fusion

UNIT IV INFORMATION EXTRACTION 9

Training sits - Supervised, Unsupervised and Hybrid classifiers -– Baye’s Theorem – parametric
Classification - -Decision tree – other Non - parametric classifiers - sub-pixel and super-pixel
classification – Hyper-spectral image analysis – Accuracy assessment.

UNIT V IMAGE ANALYSIS 9

Pattern recognition - boundary detection and representation - textural and contextual analysis -
decision concepts: Fuzzy sets - evidential reasoning - Expert system - Artificial Neural Network –
Case studies
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
 On completion of this course, the student shall be able to Get familiarized about various
image enhancement and image processing techniques.

17
REFERENCES:
1. Digital Image Processing (3rd Edition) Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods Prentice
Hall, 2007.
2. John A.Richards, Springer – Verlag, Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis, 2005,
ISBN:3540251286..
3. John R. Jensen, Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective, 4th
Edition, 2015.
4. Robert Shcowebgerdt, Remote sensing models & methods for image processing, 3rd
edition, 2004.
5. W.G.Rees - Physical Principles of Remote Sensing, Cambridge University Press, 2nd
edition, 2001.

RS5211 ELECTRONIC SURVEYING LABORATORY L T PC

0 0 42

OBJECTIVE :
 To train the students to acquire skill in making precise measurements and obtaining
accurate results with Total Station, Electronic Distance Measurement and GPS
equipments.

EXERCISES:
1. Study of Total Station and EDM
2. Distance and Coordinate Measurement
3. Missing Line Measurement
4. Remote Elevation Measurement
5. Resection
6. Setting out : Point and Line
7. Taking Offsets
8. Area Measurement
9. Total Station Traversing
10. Study of Hand held GPS
11. Study of Geodetic GPS
12. Static and semi kinematic survey
13. Differential Positioning
14. Precise Positioning
15. GPS Traversing
TOTAL : 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course the student will be able to
 Work with Total Station and GPS instruments for measurement and mapping
 Use ofTotal Station and GPS for alignment and setting out works

18
RS5212 SATELLITE IMAGE PROCESSING LABORATORY L T P C
0 0 4 2

OBJECTIVES:
 This course will facilitate the students to have hands on experience on different steps of
satellite image processing using various softwares.

EXERCISES:
1. Reading and Generating False Colour Composite (FCC)
2. Extracting area of Interest (AOI)
3. Generating Histogram of various bands
4. Georeferencing the base image
5. Geometric correction of satellite image
6. Enhancement using different techniques
7. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
8. Fourier analysis
9. Model builder
10. Unsupervised Classification
11. Supervised Classification
12. Classification using Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic
13. Accuracy Assessment and Change detection study
14. Introduction to Matlab
15. Matlab toolbox for GIS
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
 Understanding different steps involved in satellite image processing.

RS5301 MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING LT PC

3 0 03
OBJECTIVE:
 To impart the knowledge of Microwave Remote sensing and its applications.

UNIT I PASSIVE MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING 9

Introduction - History, plane waves, antenna systems - Radiometry - Emission laws - Brightness
temperature - Antenna temperature - Power - temperature correspondence, interaction with
atmospheric constituents – interaction with earth features, Missions - applications.

UNIT II ACTIVE MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING 9

Radar basics - RADAR operation and measurements - Radar frequency bands - Antenna
Configuration, SLAR - Imaging Geometry - Resolution Concepts, SAR – Concepts - Doppler
principle & Processing System Parameters and fading concepts – SAR focusing, Geometric
Distortions, Operational limitations, RADAR energy quantification, Interaction with Earth surface
and vegetation , Scattering Models- Surface and volume scattering.

19
UNIT III PHYSICS OF MICROWAVES 9
Light Theory , Wave description of simple harmonic waves - Complex wave description,Energy
and power of waves – Brightness or Intensity – Polarization property of Microwaves – Wave
equation for polarized waves, Wave combination – Interference- Coherence, Phase as a relative
distance measure – Interference pattern – Fraunhofer criterion, Microwave propagation – Maxwell
equation - Signal loss through lossy media.

UNIT IV PLATFORMS, SENSORS AND DATA PROCESSING 9

Airborne, Space borne and Indian missions, Modes of Acquisition, Data products and selection
procedure, SAR Image Processing software - Measurement and discrimination – Header
extraction – Slant range to ground range – Multi-looking from SLC – Filtering technique -
Geometric correction, Factors affecting geometrical correction – Backscattering coefficient –
speckle processing – Image Interpretation, SAR Image Fusion.

UNIT IV SPECIAL TOPICS 9

Polarimetry, interferometry, Altimetry, Scatterometry – Principles – Data & Resource availability –
Principle & Applications in Agriculture, Forestry, ocean, Geology, Hydrology, cryospace studies,
landuse mapping and ocean related studies.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Understand concepts of passive and active microwave system
 Gain knowledge in the principles of Microwave image analysis and interpretation
 Understand the various application domains of microwave satellite data
 Gain exposure to Interferrometry and Polarimetry concepts
REFERENCES:
1. Eugene A.Sharkov,Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Earth: Physical
Foundations, Springer, 2003.
2. Floyd.M.Handerson and Anthony, J.Lewis “Principles and applications of Imaging RADAR”,
Manual of Remote sensing, 3rd edition, vol.2, ASPRS, Jhumurley and sons, Inc, 1998.
3. Iain H.woodhouse, Introduction to microwave remote sensing, 2004, CRC Press; 1st
edition,ISBN-13: 978-0415271233
4. Ian Faulconbridge, Radar Fundamentals, Argos Press, 2002.
5. Philippe Lacomme,Jean clande Marchais,Jean-Philippe Hardarge and Eric Normant, Air
and spaceborne radar systems - An introduction, Elsevier publications 2001.
6. Roger J Sullivan, Knovel, Radar foundations for Imaging and Advanced Concepts, SciTech
Pub, 2004.
7. Ulaby,F.T.,Moore,K.R. and Fung, Microwave remote sensing vol-1,vol-2 and vol-3, Addison
- Wesley Publishing Company, London,1986.

RS5311 MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING LABORATORY LT PC

0 0 42

OBJECTIVE :
 To provide the exposure for the students with hands on experience into the Microwave
Image Processing Using softwares
1. Reading, displaying and header extraction of SAR images and to Generate
Multilook Images. 4
2. Geocoding with Dem and without DEM 4
3. Speckle Filtering Techniques and Backscatter extraction 4
4. Visual Image Interpretation and SAR Image fusion with Optical data 4
20
 5. Scattering Matrix and Scattering properties retrieval 8
6. Polarimetric Classification 8
7. Interferometric processing-Base line estimation and Registration 4
8. Interferogram Generation and Phase values extraction 4
9. Phase unwrapping and Interferogram Interpretation. 4
10. Altimetry Processing- To import and display from Netcdf format 4
11. Correction methodologies and Sea surface height calculation 4
12. Scatterometry- reading and displaying the backscatter values 4
13. Retrieval of Wind parameters from backscatter values. 4
TOTAL :60 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Geocode the SAR images and to perform Filtering
 Analyse the polarimetry and interferrometry microwave data
 Phase Unwrap the image for interpretation
 Process the scatterometer and altimeter data

RS5312 INDUSTRIAL TRAINING LT P C

0 0 0 1

OBJECTIVE:
 To train the students in the field work so as to have a firsthand knowledge of practical
problems related to Remote Sensing and Geomatics in carrying out engineering tasks.
 To develop skills in facing and solving the field problems.

SYLLABUS:
The students individually undertake training in reputed Industries during the summer vacation for a
specified period of four weeks. At the end of training, a detailed report on the work done should be
submitted within ten days from the commencement of the semester. The students will be
evaluated through a viva-voce examination by a team of internal staff.

OUTCOME:
 Students are trained in tackling practical field/industry orientated problems related to
Remote Sensing and Geomatics.

21
RS5313 PROJECT WORK (PHASE I) L T P C
0 0 12 6
OBJECTIVE:
 To identify a specific problem for the current need of the society and collecting information
related to the same through detailed review of literature.
 To develop the methodology to solve the identified problem.
 To train the students in preparing project reports and to face reviews and viva-voce
examination.
SYLLABUS:
The student individually works on a specific topic approved by faculty member who is familiar in
this area of interest. The student can select any topic which is relevant to his/her specialization of
the programme. The topic may be experimental or analytical or case studies. At the end of the
semester, a detailed report on the work done should be submitted which contains clear definition
of the identified problem, detailed literature review related to the area of work and methodology for
carrying out the work. The students will be evaluated through a viva-voce examination by a panel
of examiners including one external examiner.
TOTAL: 180 PERIODS
OUTCOME:
 At the end of the course the students will have a clear idea of his/her area of work and they
are in a position to carry out the remaining phase II work in a systematic way.

RS5411 PROJECT WORK (PHASE II) L T P C

0 0 24 12
OBJECTIVE:
 To solve the identified problem based on the formulated methodology.
 To develop skills to analyze the data and discuss the results, and make conclusions.

SYLLABUS:
The student should continue the phase I work on the selected topic as per the formulated
methodology. At the end of the semester, after completing the work to the satisfaction of the
supervisor and review committee, a detailed report should be prepared and submitted to the head
of the department. The students will be evaluated based on the report and viva-voce examination
by a panel of examiners including one external examiner.
TOTAL: 360 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
 On completion of the project work students will be in a position to take up any challenging
practical problem and find better solutions.

RS5001 GEODESY LT P C
3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVE:
• To understand the concept of geodetic surveying and solve the geodetic problems.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS 9
Definitions, classifications, applications and problems of geodesy. Historical development and
organization of geodesy. Reference surfaces and their relationship, Engineering, lunar and
planetary geodesy, Geodetic control(Horizontal and vertical)-Standards, methods and
computations.
22
UNIT II GEOMETRIC GEODESY 9
Basics-Geodetic,Geocentric, Reduced Spheroidal latitudes and their relationship. coordinates in
terms of reduced, geodetic and geocentric latitude. Radius of curvature in the meridian &prime
vertical and their relationship. Mean Radius of curvature at any azimuth. Length of the meridian
arcs and arcs of parallel and area of trapezium on the spheroid. Curves on the spheroid,
properties of geodesic and Everest spheroid. Natural or Astronomical coordinate system, Geodetic
or Geographical coordinate system, Rectangular or Cartesian coordinate system and relationship
between them. Curvilinear coordinate system. Deflection of vertical, spherical excess. Astro-
geodetic method of determining the reference spheroid.

UNIT III PHYSICAL GEODESY 9

Gravity field of earth, Concept of equipotential, geopotential and spheropotential surface Normal
gravity, The significance of gravity measurements, Measurement of absolute and Relative gravity,
Reduction of gravity measurements, Isostasy. Gravity networks, Gravity anomaly and Gravity
disturbance. Funtamental equation of physical Geodesy. Determination of Geoid and Deflection of
vertical. Orthometric height, Normal height, Dynamic height and their corrections. spheroidal
height and Geoidal height.

UNIT IV GEODETIC ASTRONOMY 9

Basics-Horizon, hour angle, Right Ascension, Ecliptic co-ordinate systems and relationship with
Cartesian co-ordinate system, Transformation between them. Special star positions, Major
constellation. Rising and setting of stars with respect to declination, hour angle and azimuth.
Culmination, Prime vertical Crossing and Elongation. Variation in celestial co-ordinates. Sidereal
time, Universal time, Zone time and Atomic time. Determination of Astronomical azimuth, latitude
and longitude. Star catalogues, Ephemerides and Almanacs.

UNIT V GEODETIC COMPUTATION 9

Rectangular and Polar co-ordinates. First and Second geodetic problem. Similarity and Helmert’s
transformation. Point determination by Intersection, Resection and Arc Section.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Understanding of Geodetic surfaces and interrelationship
 Acquire knowledge of Gravity measurements and their use in determination of elevation
 Understand the relationship between astronomical observations and geodetic parameters
 Understand principles involved in computing of Coordinates using Geodetic
Measurements.

REFERENCES:
1. Geometrical Geodesy Maarten Hooijberg, Springer verlag 2005.
2. George l. Hosmer, Geodesy, Kessinger publishing 2007.
3. Heribert Kahmen and wolf gang faig, surveying, watter De Gruyter, Berlin, 1998.
4. Howard gore J., Elements of Geodesy, Kessinger publishing 2007.
5. Petr Vanicek and Edward J.Kakiwsky, Geodesy, the concepts north Holland publications
co, Amsterdam, 1991.
6. Physical Geodesy Berhard Hofmann-wellenhot & Helmut moritz, springer verlag 2006.
7. Schwarze, V.S.Geodesy, The challenge of the 3rd millennium, spinger verlag, 2002.
8. Wolf gang torge, Geodesy, Walter De Gruyter Inc.Berlin, 2001

23
RS5002 PLANETARY REMOTE SENSING LT PC
3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVE:
 The objective of the course is to impart knowledge about universe, solar system, planetary
atmosphere and planetary geology. The students will be exposed to various Remote
Sensing Applications to planetary science.

UNIT I UNIVERSE AND SOLAR SYSTEM 9

Origin of Universe - Big Bang, Steady state and Inflationary hypothesis, Illustris model, Solar
System - planets, satellites, asteroids, meteorites and comets and internal differentiation of the
planets; general features of Terrestrial planets.

Unit II EARTH AS A REFERENCE MATERIAL 9

Geology and geophysics of terrestrial planets: mars, venus and mercury; Jupiter, Uranus and
Saturn and their satellites; physical properties, composition, mineralogy and petrology of the
Moon.

UNIT III PLANETARY ATMOSPHERE 9

Exo-and Endogenic processes associated with origin and internal evolution of planets – planetary
volcanism, craters, impact of cratering processes, mineralogy and petrology; thermal, seismic and
magnetic properties, and chronological techniques.

UNIT IV REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES APPLICABLE TO PLANETARY GEOLOGY 9

Approaches to remote sensing analysis of the composition of planetary surfaces, applications
derived from interaction of electromagnetic radiation (X-ray, gamma-ray, visible, near-IR, mid-IR,
radar) with geologic materials.

UNIT V PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE PLANETARY EXPLORATION MISSIONS 9

Analyses and Interpretation of data gathered through various missions: identification of surface
and morphological features.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 On completion of this course, the student shall gain knowledge about remote sensing
applications on universe, solar system, planetary atmosphere and planetary geology.

REFERENCES:
1. Impact cratering mechanics and structures, in Shock Metamorphism of Natural
Materials, B.M. French and N.M. Short, eds., pp. 87-99, Mono Books, Baltimore. Gault,
D.E., W.L. Quaide, and V.R. Oberbeck, 1968.
2. Introduction to planetary remote sensing gamma ray spectroscopy, in Remote
Geochemical Analysis: Elemental and Mineralogic Composition, C.M. Pieters and P.A.J.
Englert, eds., Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 167-198. Evans, L.G., R.C. Reedy, and J.I.
Trombka, 1993.
3. Manual of Remote Sensing, Third Edition, Volume 3, pp. 509-564, A.N. Rencz, Editor,
John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
4. Meteorites and the Early Solar System, Univ. Arizona Press, Tucson AZ, 1269 pp.
Kerridge, J.F. and M.S. Matthews, editors, 1988.
5. Origin of Electronic Spectra of Minerals in the Visible-Near Infrared Region. In Remote
Geochemical Analysis: Elemental and Mineralogical Composition , ed. C.M. Pieters and
P.A.J. Englert, pp. 3-29. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. Burns R.G., 1993.
6. Planetary Landscapes, Allen and Unwin, Inc., Winchester, MA, 275 pp. Greeley, R., 1987.

24
 7. Reflectance spectroscopy and asteroid surface mineralogy. In Asteroids II , R.P. Binzel, T.
Gehrels, and M.S. Matthews, eds., pp. 98-127. Tucson: Univ. Arizona Press. Gaffey M.J.,
Bell J.F., and Cruikshank D.P., 1989.
8. The Geology of the Terrestrial Planets, NASA Special Publication 469, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC, 317 pp. Carr, M.H., R.S. Saunders, R.G. Strom, and D.E.
Wilhelms, 1984.
9. The spatial distribution of rocks on Mars, Icarus, 68, 217-238. Christensen, P.R., 1986.
10. The Surface of Mars, Yale Univ. Press, New Haven CT, 232 pp. Carr, M.H., 1981.

RS5003 AIRBORNE AND TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING FOR LARGE SCALE

MAPPING
LTPC
3 003
OBJECTIVE:
 To provide exposure to LiDAR mapping and its applications

UNIT I LASER AND SPACE BORNE LASER PROFILERS 9

LASER, Components of LASER: Active Material, Energy Source, Reflection Mirror – LASER
Production- LASER Classification: Eye Safety, Class I to Class IV Lasers - Comparison of Various
methods of deriving terrain height – LASER RANGING- Types of LiDAR: Range Finder LiDAR,
Doppler LiDAR, DIAL – Principles of Laser Ranging: Pulse Laser, Continuous Wave Laser –
Space Borne Laser Missions – Geo Science Laser Altimeter System (GLAS), LiDAR In-Space
Technology Experiment (LITE), Chandrayan
UNIT II AIR BORNE LASER SCANNERS 9
Components of Airborne Laser Scanning System – GPS, IMU, LASER Scanner, Position and
Orientation System(PoS) – Types of Scanning Mechanism and Ground Measuring Pattern –
Synchronisation of Laser Scanner and PoS- LASER Scanners Specification and Salient Features
– Concept of Multi return – 3D Cloud Points – Reflectivity of Ground features – Range Correction
Factor
UNIT III LIDAR DATA PROCESSING 9
Pre Processing: Direct Georeferencing, Combining Inertial and Navigation Data - Determination of
Flight Trajectory - Data processing – Co-ordinate Transformations – Geolocating Laser Foot Prints
– Strip Adjustment – Digital Surface Model to Digital Elevation Model : Filtering, Ground Point
Filtering – Flight Planning – Quality Control Parameters – Preparation of flight plan
UNIT IV LIDAR DATA MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATIONS 9
Airborne Laser Scanner Error Sources - LiDAR data format: ASCII vs Binary, LAS Format –
Software used for LiDAR data processing and management – Merits of Airborne Laser Terrain
Mapping - Overview of LiDAR Applications - 3D city models – Road and Building Extraction –
Forestry Applications – Power Line Mapping.

UNIT V TERRESTRIAL AND BATHYMETRIC LASER SCANNER 9

Terrestrial Lidar: Static and Mobile (Vehicle Mounted) LiDAR -Terrestrial LASER Scanner
Specification – Applications of Terrestrial LASER Scanning –Bathymetric LASER Scanner –
Specification – Depth of Penetration: Secchi Depth – Applications of Bathymetric LASER Scanner

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

25
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Understand the components of Airborne Laser Scanning System
 Plan for Airborne Laser Scanning data Acquisition
 Understand the concepts for generating DEM from Digital Surface Model by filtering
 Get exposed to various domain applications of Airborne Laser Scanner data
REFERENCES:
1. Jie Shan and Charles K., Topographic laser ranging and scanning : principles and
processing, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2008
2. Mathias Lemmens, Laser Altimetry: Principles and Applications, CRC Press 2006.
3. Roger Read and Ron Graham, Manual of Aerial Survey: Primary Data Acquisition, Whittles
Publishing, 2002.
4. Zhilin Li Qing Zhu, Chris Gold, Christopher Gold, Digital Terrain Modeling: Principles and
Methodology, CRC Press, 2004.
5. Zhilin Li, Jun Chen, Emmanuel Baltsavias, Advances in Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing
and Spatial Information Sciences, CRC Press; 1 edition, 2008

RS5004 DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND GEOMATICS APPLICATIONS L T P C

3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVE:
 To teach about the various principles involved and also the various mitigation to be
adopted during the disasters.

UNIT I DISASTER PRINCIPLES 9

Disaster - Concepts and principles - Classification -–– Causes, characteristics and effects of
various types of natural and manmade disasters – Global scenario – vulnerability profile in India –
Institutional frame work for disaster management - Role of government administration and NGOs -
International disaster assistance – Sharing technology and technical expertise

UNIT II LONG TERM MITIGATION MEASURES 9

Needs and approach towards prevention – components of disaster mitigation - Disaster legislation
and policy - Insurance – Cost effective analysis – Utilisation of resources – Training – Education –
Public awareness –Role of media.

UNIT III PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE AND RECOVERY 9

Forecasting of disasters – institutional arrangement for forecasting – role of university and
research organizations – support by satellite remote sensing agencies – preparedness – trigger
mechanism – crisis management plan – recovery – Reconstruction after disasters: Issues of
practices.

UNIT IV SAFETY RATING OF STRUCTURES 9

Structural safety of Hill Slopes, Dams, Bridges, Hospital, Industrial structures – planning seawalls
and groynes - Cyclone shelter projects and their implications – Disaster resistant construction
practices - Low cost housing for disaster prone areas

26
UNIT V REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT 9
Remote sensing applications: Hazard evaluation – Zonation – Risk assessment and vulnerability
– Damage assessment – Land use planning and regulation for sustainable development –- Post
disaster review GIS Applications: Spatial and non-spatial data bank creation - Operational
emergency management – Vulnerability analysis of infrastructures and settlements – Pre-disaster
and post disaster planning for relief operations – Disaster mapping
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Understand the fundamentals and measurements of disaster management
 Gain knowledge in concepts of long term mitigation measures
 Gain exposure to various space based input for disaster management
 Understand the use of spatial data for emergency planning
REFERENCES:
1. C. Emdad Haque, Mitigation of natural Hazards & disasters, Klwuer Acadamic publishers
group, 2005.
2. Gerard Blokdijk, Disaster recovery planning and services, Gennaio publishers, 2008.
3. Linda C. Bottersll & ponald A.wilhite, from Disaster response to Risk management. Klwuer
Acadamic publishers group, 2005.
4. Mohamed Gad Large scale disasters : prediction, control and mitigation, Cambridge
university press, 2008
5. Sisi zlatanova & Andrea Fabbri jonathanli, Geometrics solutions for Disaster
management, Springer Verlag, 2007.

RS5005 THERMAL AND HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING L T P C

3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVE:
 To make the post graduate students understand principles, processes and applications of
thermal and hyper spectral remote sensing for earth resources.
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMAL REMOTE SENSING 9
Radiation science basics - Thermal radiation principles, thermal interaction behavior of terrain
elements, thermal sensors and specifications – MUST (Medium Scale Surface Temperature
Missions) infrared sensors and radiometers - aerial thermal images - Image characters, spatial and
radiometry- sources of image degradation –radiometric and geometric errors and correction –
interpretation of thermal image

UNIT II THERMAL IMAGE AND INTERPRETATION 9

Extraction of environmental variables – LST retrieval methods – mapping of surface energy
balance components – surface flux studies – thermal and optical RS for plant biophysics –
hydrology, Forestry and Agriculture applications - case studies.

UNIT III FIELD AND IMAGE SPECTROMETRY 9

Spectral radiometry - imaging spectrometry : considerations - experimental design and
instrumentation – factors affecting the field spectrum – hyperspectral sensor systems-imaging
spectrometry – scattering principles - BDRF and hemispherical reflectance –models; MODTRAN -
Sensors and platforms – data characteristics.

27
UNIT IV HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE ANALYSIS 9
Virtual dimensionality – representation systems - hypercube – red edge – indices - Hughes
phenomenon - multivariate analysis for data reduction - data calibration, normalization – spectral
library – response functions – MNF transformation – Kalman filters- library matching, spectral
angle mapper, BBMLC-spectral mixture analysis – endmember extraction – spectral unmixing-
MIA analysis concepts - PCF, PCA, WPCA spectral transformation – band detection, reduction
and selection principles -data compression

UNIT V HYPERSPECTRALIMAGEAPPLICATIONS 9
Application to lithology, mineral exploration – agricultural crop systems – stress detection, plant
production, vegetal bio physics and bio chemistry, soil moisture , soil characteristics, degradation
status - forestry canopy characters, ecosystem, forest health, biodiversity, Gap dynamics,
environmental and resource management.
TOTAL 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Understand the principles and properties of Hyper spectral and Thermal Remote Sensing.
 Acquire skills in analysing Thermal and Hyperspectral Remote Sensing data for various
thematic mapping and its applications.

REFERENCES:
1. Chein I Chang, “Hyperspectral Imaging: Techniques for Spectral Detection and
Classification”, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, N.Y., 2003.(ISBN: 0-306-
47483-2)
2. Dale A Quattarochi and Jeffrey C Luvall, “Thermal Remote Sensing in Land surface
Processes” e-book, 2005 Taylor & Fancis, ISBN 0 203 50217 5
3. John A. Richards and Xiuping Jia, “Remote sensing digital Image Analysis – an
introduction” fifth edition, Springer Verlag., 2012 ISBN 978 3 642 30061 5.
4. Marcus Borengasser and William C., Hungate and Russel Watkins, “Hyper spectral
Remote sensing: principles and application” CRC, 2008

RS5006 GEOMATICS IN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND MODELLING LT P C

3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVE:
 To understand the various remote sensing and GIS technological applications in the field of
Environmental Engineering.

UNIT I SATELLITE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 9

Introduction - Environmental satellite Mission: GEOS, NOAA, AVHRR, CZCS, Oceansat, Kalpana
and others – Spectral characteristics - Data Products – Analysis Tools - Monitoring land, water,
atmosphere and ocean using Remote Sensing Data

UNIT II WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT 9

Classification of water quality - Sampling procedure - Quality analysis and GIS modeling Pipe
Network Design using GIS - Spectral responses of clear and contaminated water –Aquifer
Vulnerability: Intrinsic and specific vulnerability - DRASTIC, SINTACS – Ground Water Quality
Modelling: MODFLOW, MT3D – Sea water Intrusion Modelling – pollution diffusion model in river -
Case studies.

UNIT III AIR QUALITY AND NOISE MANAGEMENT 9

Air Quality Standards – Chemical and Physical Components - Sampling – Mapping of atmospheric
pollution - Air pollution due to industrial activity - Plume behaviors - Dispersion model: Gaussian
Plume model - Remote Sensing to monitor atmosphere constituents - Case Studies. Noise
pollution: Standards - Measurement of noise and its intensity - Sources - Effects – noise modeling.
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UNIT IV SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 9
Definition – sources – identification of storage and collection location - Analysis of collection route -
Site selection: Transfer station, Disposal site – Waste allocation – design of leachate and gas
collection in sanitary landfills – leachate model - case studies.

UNIT V GLOBAL PROSPECTIVE AND CLIMATE CHANGE 9

Prevention and Control measures – Carbon footprints and sinks, carbon trading, carbon credits
and marketing, Indian and international status - case studies - Definitions- Climate, Climate
system, climate change – Drivers of Climate change – Characteristics of climate system
components - Green house effect – Carbon cycle - case studies
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Acquire knowledge of various components of environment and assessment of their quality
 Gain exposure to current and future satellite missions used for environmental assessment
and modeling
REFERENCES:
1. David N.Miclsen, Environmental Site Characterization and Ground water Monitoring, 2nd
edition, CRC Press, 2005, ISBN: 978-1566705899
2. Donald L.Wise, Remediation for Hazardous waste contaminated soils, CRC Press; 1st
Edition (1994)
3. Dr Owen Harrop, “Air Quality Assessment & Management”, CRC Press; 1st edition, 2001
4. Ian L.Pepper, Charles P.Gerbaand Mark L.Brusseau, Environmental and Pollution science,
Academic Press, 2nd Edition, 2006. ISBN : 978-0125515030
5. Michele Campagna, GIS for sustainable development, CRC Press; 1st Edition, 2005.
6. Robert Scally, “GIS for Environmental Management”, ESRI Press, 2006
7. Roger D.Griffin, Principles of Air Quality Management, 2nd edition, 2006, CRC Press
8. Shukla P R , Subobh K Sarma, NH Ravindranath, Amit Garg and Sumana Bhattacharya,
Climate Change and India: Vulnerability assessment and adaptation, University Press
(India) Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad.
9. Tchobanoglous George, Hilary Theisen, Samuel Vigi, Integrated Solid Waste Management,
Mc Graw – Hill Inc, Singapore. 1993.

RS5007 OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE FOR GEOMATICS LT PC

2 2 03

OBJECTIVE:
 Promoting open source software is basic for research and providing cost effective
solutions. The students shall equip with concepts and uses of Open source GIS facilities.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 6+6

Software licenses – types - Proprietary license - GNU General Public License – types – Open
Source definition – open source popular licenses – comparison among open source licenses –
merits and demerits – open source software for geospatial – OSGeo functions and goals –
FOSS4G

UNIT II DATABASE 6+6

File database : SQLite - Non spatial data – creation of tables views, triggers – SQL queries –
RDBMS : PostgreSQL - client server connection - creation of tables views, triggers Grant and
Revoke privileges – SQL queries. Spatial data model - Spatial data creation, querying, topological
functions, spatial analysis on SQLite with SpatiaLite and on PostgrSQL with PostGIS

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UNIT III BASIC GIS 6+6
Introduction on QGIS environment - various plugins supported – data handling capabilities – vector
data formats supported – Data capture editing techniques - selecting, attribute querying and
spatial querying – styling map – import and export data – connecting web data and external
databases – raster data handling - calculating geometries measuring the elements - Coordinate
Reference Systems conversions - preparing map layout

UNIT IV ADVANCED GIS 6+6

Introduction to Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) GIS - Raster data
handling – Reclassification, recode - map algebra - Resampling and interpolation of raster data –
Overlaying - Spatial analysis Neighborhood analysis and cross-category statistics - Buffering -
Cost surfaces - Terrain and watershed analysis – Modeling raster data – Vector data handling -
Topological operations – Buffering – Overlay – Dissolve – clip,union intersect – Network analysis –
Spatial interpolation – handling lidar point cloud data

UNIT V IMAGE PROCESSING AND GPS 6+6

GRASS image processing – preprocessing - Radiometric transformations - image enhancements -
image ratios – Principle component transformation – image fusion – unsupervised and supervised
classification – segmentation. GPS: RTKLIB - Post processing - RINEX Converter - Plot Solutions
and Observation Data - Downloader for GNSS Products and Data

TOTAL (L:30+T:30) : 60 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Understand the important of Open source technology in GIS and various options available
in its implementation.
 Acquire skills in using open source software along with the principles of handling licenses
and source code modification.

REFERENCES:
1. Andrew M St Laurent “Understanding Open Source and Free Software Licensing” O'Reilly;
1 edition 2004 ISBN-13: 978-0596005818
2. Anita Graser “Learning QGIS 2.0” Packt Publishing Limited 2013 ISBN-13: 978-
1782167488
3. Lawrence Rosen “Open Source Licensing: Software Freedom and Intellectual Property
Law” Prentice Hall; 1 edition 2004 ISBN-13: 978-0131487871
4. Markus Neteler, Helena Mitasova "Open Source GIS A GRASS GIS Approach" Springer;
3rd edition 2007 ISBN-13: 978-0387357676
5. Regina Obe ,Leo Hsu "PostGIS in Action” Manning Publications; 1 edition 2011 ISBN-13:
978-1935182269
6. RTKLIB Manual - http://www.rtklib.com/rtklib_document.htm
7. using SpatiaLite - http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite-2.4.0-4/spatialite-cookbook.

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RS5008 SATELLITE METEOROLOGY LTPC
3 003

OBJECTIVE:
 To impart knowledge in Concepts in Meteorology, Radio and Satellite Meteorology and its
Applications
UNIT I GENERAL CONCEPTS IN METEOROLOGY 9
Weather and Climate- composition of atmosphere- weather elements and characteristics - Global
temperature, pressure and wind belts - scales of atmospheric processes, Land/Ocean Coupling,
Vegetation types and climate, climatic classification by Koppen and Thornthwaithe, energy in the
atmosphere - Indian monsoons - weather systems and seasons, Indian Climatology - Radiation
transfer- radiation spectrum – Absorption and emission of radiation by molecules- Radiation laws-
scattering principles – atmospheric particles and radiations - Mechanism of cloud formation- Types
of Clouds- Precipitation processes-weather stations, data, maps and symbols.

UNIT II RADIO METEOROLOGY 9

Principles and classifications of Radar- Meteorological Applications of radar – atmosounding
Radio Sonde - pilot balloons - Wind estimation through Radar - Rawin Sonde - Doppler techniques
for precipitation estimation – Precipitation Radar (PR) - Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM),
Ozone soundings – principle and satellite measurements of ozone – Aerosol soundings Tracking
of weather Thunderstorms, Tropical cyclones, Tornadoes through Radar – Hydro meteorological
Applications of Radar - Applications to aviation meteorology – TIROS Operational and Vertical
sounder – Retrieval methods and algorithms.

UNIT III SATELLITE METEOROLOGY 9

Orbital dynamics of satellite – Critical velocities – Polar and Geostationary weather satellites -
Active and passive sensors (Radar/Lidar/Radiometery,scatterometer and altimeter) - Absorption
bands of atmospheric gases - Design and characteristic of different types of sounders and imagers
used in Meteorological satellites – Viewing geometry - INSAT/Icachana Meteorology - Data
Processing System (IMDPS), IRS series – APT – AVHRR - Need for Remote Sensing techniques
in weather forecasting and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) - imaging and non imaging
techniques in Meteorology.

UNIT IV METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 9

Precipitation – soil moisture - estimation and their Applications – Normalised Difference Vegetation
Index – Ocean Colour monitoring – Coastal zone mapping - Satellite communication systems in
operational meteorological Applications (Cyclone Warning Dissemination system / Automatic
Weather stations – Meteorological data dissemination) - Estimation of snow and ice cover – Water
body boundary mapping – aerosols – Dust storms and Volcanic ash clouds and fires – maritime,
dwelt, floods and agriculture.

UNIT V GLOBAL METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 9

Global and subglobal events – tracking of large weather system – Cloud motion vector –
Dvorak‟s techniques of Cylone Intensity estimation - T-phi and other climatic charts - T number
and current intensity No. – Applications to storm surge estimation - Satellite soundings – Global
Warming – Sealevel changes and Consequences.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Understand the concepts of Meteorology and various application areas of Meteorology.
 Gain knowledge on Radio and Satellite meteorology
 Acquire knowledge about various climatic charts

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REFERENCES:
1. Arthur P. Cracknell, “The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)”, 1997,
CRC Press, ISBN: 9780748402090.
2. Asnani, G.C “Tropical Meteorology”, Vol. I and II, 1993
3. Ellingson, “Satellite Data Applications: Weather and Climate”, Proc.of AO I Symp.,
COSPAR, Birmingham, UK, Elsevier, MD, USA. Pergamon Pr; 1st Edition 1997
4. Hartwig Dobesch, Pierre Dumolard, Izabela Dyras, “Spatial Interpolation for Climate Data:
The Use of GIS in Climatology and Meteorology”, Wiley Publication, (2007 – Print), 2010 –
Online)
5. Kidder and VonderHarr, “Satellite Meteorology: An introduction”, Academic Press, San
Diego, CA, 1995
6. Raghavan S. , “Radar Meteorology”, Springer, 2003, ISBN: 9781402016042
7. Richard J. Doviak, Dusan S. Zrnic, “Doppler Radar and Weather observations”, Dover
Publications; 2nd Edition 2006, ISBN: 978-0486450605
8. Sauvageot, 1992, “Radar Meteorology”, Artech House Publishers, Norwood, MA. 1992
9. Smith and Schreiner, “Advances in Remote Sensing”, Deppak Publications

RS5009 REMOTE SENSING AND GEOMATICS FOR AGRICULTURE

AND FORESTRY L T PC
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVE:
 The content of this course enable the students to understand the application potentialities
of remote sensing data separately and in combination with GIS techniques for Agriculture
and Forestry.
UNIT I CROPS ACREAGE AND YIELD ESTIMATION 9
Spectral properties of crops in optical & TIR region, Microwave backscattering behavior of crop
canopy – crops identification and crop inventory – crop acreage estimation – vegetation indices
and biophysical model – Yield modeling – crop condition assessment – command area monitoring
and management – Microwave RS for crop inventory – Case studies
UNITII SOILMAPPING 9
Soil classifications – Soil survey, Types and methods – Hydrological Soil grouping - Factors
influencing soil reflectance properties – Characteristics of saline & alkaline Soils –principle
component analysis and orthogonal rotation transformation - Soil mapping - watershed
management - Problem soil identification – land evaluation – Case studies.
UNITIII DAMAGEASSESSMENT 9
Detection of pest & diseases – Flood mapping and Assessments of crop loss – drought
assessment – Land degradation – Soil erosion & sedimentation – Soil loss assessment – Soil
conservation – Agriculture damage prediction modeling.
UNITIV FORESTRY 9
Forest taxonomy – inventory of forest land – forest types and density mapping – Forest stock
mapping – factors influencing degradation of forest – Delineation of degraded forest - Forest
change detection and monitoring – Forest fire mapping & damage assessment –– biomass
estimation - carbon storage – ALTM for Forest studies – urban forestry issues
UNITV CLIMATICIMPACTOFAGRICULTUREANDFORESTRY 9
Concepts of Integrated surveys– global effects and climatic changes: land degradation and
desertification, extreme events, - effect on forest produces health, forest hazards, sustainable
forest Management and practice - biodiversity issues – invasive biotics – mitigation and adaptation
– RS & GIS for drawing out action plans – watershed approach – landuse planning for sustainable
development – precision farming – Case studies.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
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OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course, the student shall be able to
 Understand the concepts involved in mapping of crop acreage and yield estimation
 Understand the principles space based input for crop damage assessment
 Gain skills in various applications of Forestry and sustainable watershed management
REFERENCES:
1. David H. White, S. Mark Howden, Climate Change: Significance for Agriculture and
Forestry,1994.
2. James B, Introduction of Remote sensing, Third edition Campbell, 3rd edition Guilford
Press, 2002.
3. Joe Boris dexon, Soil mineralogy with environmental application, Library of congress
catalog, 2004.
4. John G. Lyon, Jack MCcarthy, Wetland & Environmental application of GIS,1995.
5. Margareb Kalacska, G. Arturosanchez, Hyper spectral RS of tropical and sub tropical
forest, 2005.
6. Shunlin liang, Advances in land RS: System, modeling invention and applications, 2001.

RS5010 REMOTE SENSING AND GEOMATICS FOR URBAN PLANNING AND

MANAGEMENT LTPC
3 003
OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce the concepts of urban and regional planning
 To explore the use of the geospatial technology in advanced analysis in planning.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS 9
Concepts of Urbanization and Urban Areas - concept of regions - formal and functional
regions - census classification of urban areas - Planning Goals: Natural Resources
Management; socio-economic management and infrastructure planning - Planning physical
structures and functional domains - data and information for urban and regional planning by
Remote Sensing - Planning goals for urban areas and regions.

UNIT II URBAN INVENTORY AND MAPPING 9

Digital and image records of the Urban areas and Regions – classification of settlement patterns
and structures – Segmentation of Built-up areas – Classification algorithms – Inventory of
resources and measurements - Land use/ Land cover mapping – Deduction of sprawl, renewal
and morphological changes – resolution of RS data in feature extraction and object
delineation - mapping resources, developments and demography by choropleth and isopleth
techniques - high resolution remote sensing data in urban analysis..
UNIT III URBAN LANDUSE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT 9
Urban morphology – Housing typology – Population estimation from remote sensing –
Infrastructure demand analysis – Land suitability analysis for Urban renewal – Plan
formulation for sectoral and regional, development – Use of remote sensing and GIS in
assessment, estimation and projections - Design of Urban and regional information systems –
revenue and tax collection GIS - planning facilities and amenities
UNIT IV URBAN TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING 9
Site specific GIS: Housing development, parks and social facilities planning- Utility Planning
and Asset Management – urban and regional transportation corridors - wholesale and retail
trade interactions - commuting-Classification of traffic – Optimum route and plans / shortest
path – Alignment planning – Traffic and flow management – Accident analysis – case studies.

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UNIT V URBAN MODELLING TECHNIQUES 9
Urban growth modeling – GIS modelling - local and regional interaction potential- Expert systems
in AM/FM planning – 3D city models – digital terrain of the urban areas and regions- DEM and
socio-economic – Land use Transportation interaction models – Intelligent transportation
systems –Risk, vulnerability models in crime, accidents and disasters - case studies .
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course students shall be able to
 Gain knowledge of urban and regional planning concepts, the use of geomatics technology
in planning and management in urban areas and regions.
 Familiarize with case studies, inputs from Remote Sensing and GIS
 Get exposure in modelling in urban land use and its forecasting.
REFERENCES:
1. Allan Brimicombe, GIS Environmental Modeling and Engineering, CRC; 1 edition 2003.
CRC Press, 2nd Edition, 2009, ISBN: 978-1439808702
2. Juliana Maantay, John Ziegler, John Pickles, GIS for the Urban Environment, Esri Press
2006.
3. Michael F. Goodchild, Louis T. Steyaert, Bradley O. Parks, Carol Johnston, David
Maidment, Michael Crane, Sandi Glendinning, GIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress
and Research Issues (Hardcover) by,Publisher: Wiley; 1st edition, 1996.
4. Paul Longley, Michael Batty, Spatial Analysis: Modeling in a GIS Environment Wiley, 1997,
ISBN: 978-0-470-23615-4.
5. Roland Fletcher, The Limits of Settlement Growth: A Theoretical Outline (New Studies in
Archaeology) (First edition), Cambridge University Press; 2007.
6. Said Easa, Yupo Chan, “Urban Planning and Development Applications of GIS”, American
Society of Civil Engineers, 1999, ISBN: 978-0784404614

RS5011 SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES L T P C

3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVE :
 The objective of the course is to make the students to understand the concepts of Artificial
Neural Network, Fuzzy logic and Genetic algorithms and also their application in Geomatic.

UNIT I SOFT COMPUTING AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS 9

Soft Computing : Introduction - soft computing vs. hard computing - soft computing techniques –
applications - ANN : definition - Structure and Function of a single neuron: Biological neuron,
artificial neuron, Taxonomy of neural net, Difference between ANN and human brain,
characteristics and applications of ANN, single layer network, Perceptron training algorithm, Linear
separability, Widrow & Hebbian learning rule/Delta rule, ADALINE, MADALINE - Introduction of
MLP - Geomatic Applications.

UNIT II FUZZY SYSTEMS 9

Fuzzy Logic: Fuzzy set theory, Fuzzy set versus crisp set, Crisp and fuzzy relations, Fuzzy
systems: crisp logic, fuzzy logic, introduction and features of membership functions,Fuzzy rule
base system : fuzzy propositions, formation, decomposition & aggregation of fuzzy rules, fuzzy
reasoning, fuzzy inference systems, fuzzy decision making and Geomatic Applications

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UNIT III NEURO-FUZZY MODELLING 9
Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems – Architecture – Hybrid Learning Algorithm – Learning
Methods that Cross-fertilize ANFIS and RBFN – Coactive Neuro Fuzzy Modeling – Framework
Neuron Functions for Adaptive Networks – Neuro Fuzzy Spectrum.

UNIT IV GENETIC ALGORITHM 9

Genetic algorithm : Fundamentals, basic concepts, working principle, encoding, fitness function,
reproduction, Genetic modeling: Inheritance operator, cross over, inversion & deletion, mutation
operator, Bitwise operator, Generational Cycle, Convergence of GA, Applications & advances in
GA, Differences & similarities between GA & other traditional method.

UNITV SOFT COMPUTING AND CONVENTIONAL AI 9

AI Search algorithm-Predicate calculus –Knowledge acquisition and representation - rules of
interface - Semantic networks-frames-objects-Hybrid models – Geomatic applications
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 Students will be able to apply the techniques such as Artificial Neural Network, Fuzzy logic
and Genetic algorithms for geomatic applications.

REFERENCES:
1. Freeman J.A. and Skapura B.M., "Neural Networks, Algorithms Applications and
Programming Techniques", Addison-Wesely, 1990
2. Jang J.S.R.,Sun C.T and Mizutami E - Neuro Fuzzy and Soft computing Prentice hall New
Jersey,1998
3. Timothy J.Ross:Fuzzy Logic Engineering Applications. McGraw Hill,NewYork,1997.
4. Laurene Fauseett: Fundamentals of Neural Networks. Prentice Hall India, New Delhi,1994.
5. George J.Klir and Bo Yuan, Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic, Prentice Hall Inc., New
Jersey,1995
6. Nih.J. Ndssen Artificial Intelligence, Harcourt Asia Ltd.,Singapore,1998.

RS5012 SPATIAL DATA MODELLING LT PC

3 0 03

OBJECTIVE :
 To provide complete understanding of the concepts of Spatial Data Modelling

UNIT I MODELLING SPATIAL PROBLEMS 9

Introdution - Need for Spatial models- Conceptual model for solving spatial problems- steps
involved , Types of Spatial Models- Descriptive and Process models- Types of Spatial Models-
Descriptive and Process models - Types of Process models - Creating Conceptual models - Site
Suitability model
UNIT II RASTER MODELLING 9
Understanding Raster Data set - Composition of Raster Dataset Coordinate space and Raster
Dataset - Discrete and Continuous data - resolution - Raster encoding - Representing Features in
Raster data set - Assigning attributes.

UNIT III SPATIAL ANALYSIS 9

Understanding spatial analysis - Operators and Functions - Local , focal, zonal, global and
application functions - surface analysis: slope, hill shade, contour and hydrologic analysis -
mapping distance: shortest path - mapping density - cell statistics - neighbourhood statistics -
reclassification

35
UNIT IV CREATING SURFACE MODELS 9
Inrodution - creating raster surface from points - interpolating a raster surface - creating TIN
surface vector data - building TIN - creating a TIN from a raster- creating a raster from a TIN

UNIT V GPS DATA PROCESSING 9

Analyzing Surfaces - Understanding the shape of a surface - calculating slope, mapping contours -
deriving contour lines from a surface - calculating area and volume

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
 Students will gain thorough knowledge on the concepts of Spatial Data Modelling.
REFERENCE:
1. Heywood.L, Comelius.S and S.Carver An Introdution to Geographic Information Systems,
Dorling Kinderseley(India) Pvt.Ltd, 2006.
2. TsungChang-Kang, Introduction to Geographic Information Systems, Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Company and Limited, NewDelhi, 2015.

RS5013 WEB TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMMING FOR GIS LTPC

2 203

OBJECTIVE:
 This course provides skills in learning a set of scripts and their applications for providing
web based services using GIS technology.

UNITI INTRODUCTION ON HTML 6+6

Internet Standards – Introduction to www – www Architecture – Protocols – HTTP, FTP, SMTP.
Markup Language (HTML): Introduction to HTML and HTML5 - Formatting and Fonts –
Commenting Code – Anchors – Backgrounds – Images – Hyperlinks – Lists – Tables – Frames -
HTML Forms.

UNIT II CASCADING STYLE SHEET (CSS) 6+6

The need for CSS, Introduction to CSS – Basic syntax and structure - Inline Styles – Embedding
Style Sheets - Linking External Style Sheets – Backgrounds – Manipulating text - Margins and
Padding - Positioning using CSS.

UNIT III JAVA SCRIPT 6+6

Data types and Variables - Operators, Expressions, and Statements -Functions - Objects - Array,
Date and Math related Objects - Document Object Model - Event Handling - Controlling Windows
& Frames and Documents - Form handling and validations.

UNIT IV PHP 6+6

Introduction - Programming basics - Print/echo - Variables and constants – Strings and Arrays –
Operators, Control structures and looping structures – Functions – Reading Data in Web Pages -
Embedding PHP within HTML – Establishing connectivity with database.

36
UNIT V GEOSERVER 6+6
Introduction – Web Administration – Geoserver data directory –loading and working with data –
shape file – postgis file – other web format data - styling the layers – services : WMS, WFS, WCS
– security – demos and case studies on Geo server.

TOTAL (L:30+T:30) : 60 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
 On completion of this course, the student shall be able to write scripts for web technology
programming for GIS.

REFERENCES:
1. Harvey & Paul Deitel & Associates, Harvey Deitel and Abbey Deitel, “Internet and World
Wide Web - How To Program”, Fifth Edition, Pearson Education, 2011. ISBN-13: 978-
0132151009
2. http://docs.geoserver.org/
3. Stefano Iacovella, Brian Youngblood "GeoServer Beginner’s Guide" Packt Publishing
2013, ISBN-13: 978-1849516686
4. Steven Holzner, "PHP: The Complete Reference" 1st Edition TATA McGraw Hill ,2008
ISBN: 9780070223622
5. Thomas Powell, "HTML & CSS: The Complete Reference" Fifth Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2010
ISBN-13: 978-0071496292
6. Thomas Powell, Fritz Schneider "JavaScript The Complete Reference" 3rd Edition, TATA
McGraw Hill, 2013 ISBN-13: 9781259064685

37