Monitoring of Lake Nasser Using Remote Sensing and Gis Techniques
Monitoring of Lake Nasser Using Remote Sensing and Gis Techniques
Monitoring of Lake Nasser Using Remote Sensing and Gis Techniques
KEY WORDS: Nasser Lake, GIS, Remote Sensing, Digital Image Processing, Water Resources, Monitoring, Egypt.
ABSTRACT:
To improve management of the main water resource in Egypt, the River Nile, the Aswan High Dam was constructed and fully
operated between 1964 and 1971 aiming to control the floods and fluctuation in water provisioning levels, regulating the water
releases (and store extra water) and generating hydroelectric power. Since that date, Lake Nasser, the water storage body behind the
dam, was born, and it was subjected to many studies covering the quantity and quality of stored water and environmental resources.
In this research, the environmental impacts, including morphological aspects, and sedimentation in the lake, was carried using
remote sensing images. Spectral reflectance characteristics of the water were correlated with in-site data measurements to analyze
spatial and temporal changes of characteristics. The fluctuation in water depths leading to changes in the surface area as well as
different geometric features of the lake were estimated by classification of the imagery data in spectral reflectance. The lake
sediments were studied using digital image processing techniques and detected by the field data for an accurate assessment. Remote
sensing techniques demonstrates a reliable environmental and water monitoring efficient methodology to the biggest artificial lake,
Lake Nasser.
Governorate is Aswan city. In the north, the dominant feature is
the valley of the River Nile which extends 140 km from Aswan
1. INTRODUCTION
City to the border of the Governorate north of Edfu City. South
of Aswan City lies Lake Nasser, which extends 350 km from
Lake Nasser is a reservoir in the course of the Nile river formed
Aswan City to the international borders with Sudan.
as a result of the construction of the Aswan High Dam. It is
located at the border between Egypt and Sudan between
latitudes 21.8 to 24.0N and Longitudes 31.3 to 33.1E. Its
surface area is about 5200 Km2 with a maximum capacity of
165 km3 and mean depth of 25m, its surface elevation is 175m.
The lake is circa 550 km long (more than 350 km in Egypt and
the rest in Sudan) and 35 km across at its widest point. It plays
a main role in the local and national economy. That is reason
why the water levels are accurately controlled.
W.L.(179.96)
180
L e ve l(m .)
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000 9500 10000
Distance (m.)
2001
2002
1964
Argeen (331.1 Km .)
Level (147)
2003
2000
Abreem (228 Km .)
El-Dakka (487.5 Km .)
2001
Distance. (Km .)
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
500
400
300
200
High Dam
349 Km .
Level (175)
100
Level. (m.)