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MYANMAR
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Family of Toys
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Taste Of Myanmar

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Myanmar Delicate Artistic Handy

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Creations-Lacquareware Making
Bago: A City of Famous Historic
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onfh e,fajrrsm;qdik &f mtcsut

f vufrsm;
vnf;vdktyfaMumif; if;uajymMum;
cJo
h nf/ y#dyujzpfymG ;&m'Geb
f mpfa'ot
wGi;f &Sd ESpzf ufxad wGUrIjzpfymG ;aeaome,f
ajrrS tBuD;pm;tajrmufrsm;kyfodrf;&ef
ESpzf ufpvk;H u azazmf0g&Dvtapmydik ;f wGif
oabmwlncD MhJ uonf/ 'd;k eufpcf Ef iS hf vl;
[efpY f a'owm0ef&o
dS rl sm;u rdrw
d t
Ykd ae
jzifh xdawGUrIjzpfymG ;aeaome,fajrrStBu;D
pm;ppfvufeufypn;f rsm;tm; tNy;D owf
kyo
f rd ;f Ny;D jzpfaMumif; rwf 1 &ufwiG af jym
Ref: Sputnik
Mum;cJhonf/

,if;a&ikyo
f abFmwGif tuGmta0;
1000 uDvdkrDwmtxd ypfcwfEdkifonfh
jynfwGif;jzpfckZf'Hk;usnfrsm; wyfqif
oGm;rnfjzpfonf/ a&ikyfoabFm\ a&
atmufomG ;tjrifq
h ;kH tvsio
f nf wpfem&D
vQif a&rdkif 20 jzpfNyD; awmifudk&D;,m;
ESifh[m0dkiftDuRef;tMum; qDjyefvnf
jznfw
h if;&jcif;r&Sb
d J oGm;a&mufEikd pf rG ;f &Sd
Ref: Yonhap
aMumif; od&onf/

taemufbufurf;a'o
tpa&;wyfrawmf
ppfa&;avUusifU
a*skqvif rwf 2

tpa&;wyfrawmfonf oH;k ESpt

f wGi;f
yxrqkH;tBudrftjzpf t&efwyfzJGU0if
axmifaygif;rsm;pGmyg0ifaom ESp&f ufMum
ppfa&;avhusichf ef;wpfct
k m; rwf 1 &uf
u taemufbufurf;a'ojyKvkyfcJh
aMumif;od&onf/
avhusichf ef;wGif t&efwyfzUGJ 0if 13000
yg0ifavhusichf NhJ y;D if;wkt
Yd euf wyfzUGJ 0if
3000 onf taemufbufurf;a'o&Sd
if;wk\
Yd pcef;rsm;odo
Yk wif;yk&Yd rnfjzpfum
usef&Sdaeao;aomwyfzJGU0if 10000
udk toifhtaetxm;jzihfxm;&SdoGm;
rnfjzpfaMumif; Munf;wyfOD;pD;csKyf Akdvf
csKyfBuD;*g'DtDqefaumhwfu ajymMum;cJh
onf/
avhusifhcef;onf rwf 2 &ufwGif
NyD;qkH;cJhNyD; avwyf? axmufvSrf;a&;
ESifh ppfajrjyifwyf&if;wyfzJGUrsm;yg0ifcJh
um tpa&;EkdifiHom;rsm;jyefay;qJGcH&
jcif;tay: wkHYjyefaqmif&GufrItygt0if
trsK;d rsK;d aomppfa&;avhusichf ef;rsm;tm;
oPmefwl avhusichf MhJ uaMumif;od&onf/
tqkdyg ppfa&;avhusifhcef;onf
taemufbufurf;a'o rwfvtukef
odkYr[kwf {NyDvtapmykdif;wGif ygvuf
pwkid ;f vlrsK;d rsm;u tMurf;zufaqmif&u
G f
rIrsm;vkyfaqmifvmzG,f&Sdonf[k rMum
ao;cifuxGuaf y:vmcJah om ppfa&;ok;H
oyfcsuw
f pfcEk iS hf qufE,
T Ef idk af Mumif;od&
onf/
Ref: Xinhua

10 wyfrawmfowif;

3-3-2015

EdkifiHawmfumuG,fa&;wm0efudk oufpGefh BudK;yrf;xrf;&GufaeMuaom

wyfrawmfom;rsm;tm;*kPfjyKaomtm;jzifU tvSLaiGrsm;ay;tyf
ppfa&;csKyf

wyfrawmf(Munf;? a&? av)

trsKd;om;^trsKd;orD; *sL'dkNydKifyJG
AdkvfvkyJGESifUqkcsD;jrifUjcif;tcrf;tem;usif;y

AdkvfcsKyf
qef;OD;xH
tvSL&Sifrsm;u
tvSLaiGrsm;
ay;tyf
vSL'gef;pOf/

aejynfawmf

rwf

'dkYwm0efta&;oHk;yg;udk tpOfOD;xdyf
xm;vsuf EdkifiHawmfumuG,fa&;wm0ef
rsm;udk oufpGefYBudK;yrf;xrf;&GufMuaom
wyfrawmfom;rsm;tm; *kPjf yKaomtm;
jzifh tvSLaiGrsm;ay;tyfyGJtcrf;tem;
udk ,aeYeHeuf 9 em&DwGif aejynfawmf
wnf;cdka&;pcef;&Sd
qifjzL&Sifcef;r
usif;yonf/
tcrf;tem;odkY ppfa&;csKyf AdkvfcsKyf

qef;OD;? umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfHk;rS wyfr

awmft&m&SBd u;D rsm;? aejynfawmfwikd ;f ppf
XmecsKyf wdik ;f rSL; Adv
k cf sKyaf rmifarmifat;?
tvSL&Sifrsm;ESifh wyf&if;^wyfzGJUrSL;rsm;
wufa&mufMuonf/
tcrf;tem;wGif tvSL&Sirf sm;u Edik if H
awmfumuG,fa&;wm0efrsm;udk oufpGefY
BuKd ;yrf;aqmif&u
G af eMuonfh wyfrawmf
om;rsm;twG u f pk p k a ygif ; tvS L aiG
46589200 usyt
f m; ay;tyfvLS 'gef;&m

ppfa&;csKyf AdkvfcsKyfqef;OD;? aejynfawmf

wdkif;ppfXmecsKyf wdkif;rSL; AdkvfcsKyfarmif
armifat;ESifh wGJzufppfa&;csKyf AdkvfcsKyf
aevif;wdu
Yk vufc&H ,lMuNy;D *kPjf yKrw
S f
wrf;vTmrsm; jyefvnfay;tyfMuonf/
xdkYaemuf ppfa&;csKyf AdkvfcsKyfqef;OD;
u aus;Zl;wifpum;jyefvnfajymMum;um
tcrf;tem;wufa&mufvmMuolrsm;tm;
&if;&if;ES;D ES;D EIwq
f ufcahJ Mumif; owif;&&Sd
onf/
(100)

a'ocHjynforl sm;tm; use;f rma&;apmifaU &Smufrv

I yk if ef;rsm;aqmif&u
G af y;

wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf(udk,fpm;) umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfHk;(Munf;)rS 'kwd,

AdkvfcsKyfBuD;pdk;odef; trsKd;om;^trsKd;orD;wHcGefpkduf'kdif;qk&&Sdonfh ajrmufykdif;wkdif;
ppfXmecsKyftoif;tm; 'kdif;qkay;tyfpOf/
aejynfawmf

aejynfawmf

rwf

{&m0wDwidk ;f a'oBu;D ? uefBu;D axmifh

NrKd Ue,fEiS hf omaygif;NrKd Ue,frsm;&Sd aus;&Gm
rsm;rS a'ocHjynfol 295 OD;tm; ,aeY
wGif taemufawmifwkdif;ppfXmecsKyfrS
e,fvSnfhaq;ukoa&;tzGJUu usef;rm
a&;apmifah &Smufrv
I yk if ef;rsm; aqmif&u
G f
ay;vsu&f &dS m wkid ;f rSL; Adv
k cf sKyv
f al t;ESihf
wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u oGm;a&mufMunhfI
tm;ay; (,myHk) aq;0g;ukorIcH,l
vsuf&Sdaom a'ocHjynfolrsm;tm; tm
[m&MuufOrsm; axmufyHhay;tyfonf/
xkaYd emuf wkid ;f rSL;ESiw
hf m0ef&o
dS rl sm;u ausmif;wku
d q
f &mawmftm; vSLzG,0f wK rsm;tm; aeYqrG ;f qufuyfvLS 'gef;cJah Mumif;
urf;eDaus;&Gm? oD&dr*Fvma&Tjynfokc ypn;f rsm; qufuyfvLS 'gef;Ny;D oHCmawmf owif;&&Sdonf/
(100)

rwf

wyfrawmf(Munf;? a&? av) trsKd;

om;^trsKd;orD; *sL'dkNydKifyJG AdkvfvkyJGudk
,aeYnaeydkif;wGif
aejynfawmf&Sd
aZ,smoD&dtm;upm;Hk(pD) usif;y
jyKvyk &f m umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf ;kH (Munf;)
rS 'kw,
d Adv
k cf sKyBf u;D pd;k ode;f ? wyfrawmf
t&m&SdBuD;rsm;ESifh NydKifyJG0iftm;upm;
orm;rsm; wufa&mufMuNyD; AdkvfvkyJG
,SONf yKd iu
f pm;aerIrsm;udk Munfh t
I m;ay;
Muonf/

xdaYk emuf qkcs;D jri jhf cif;tcrf;tem;udk

qufvufusif;yjyKvkyf&m taumif;qHk;
tm;upm;orm;qkrsm;? twef;vdkufqk
&&Sdolrsm;tm; wm0ef&Sdolrsm;uvnf;
aumif;? trsKd;om;^trsKd;orD;wHcGefpdkuf
'dik ;f qk&&Sad omajrmufyikd ;f wkid ;f ppfXmecsKyf
toif;tm; wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;
OD;pD;csKyf (udk,fpm;) 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfBuD;
pdk;odef;uvnf;aumif; qkrsm;toD;oD;
ay;tyfcsD;jrifhcJhMuaMumif; owif;&&Sd
onf/
(100)

a'ocHjynfolrsm;tm; usef;rma&;apmifUa&SmufrI
vkyfief;rsm;aqmif&Gufay;
aejynfawmf

rwf

csi;f jynfe,f? us;D cg;NrKd Ue,f? xefwvef

NrdKUe,f? zvrf;NrdKUe,fESifh &d'facg'g&fNrdKU
e,fcGJrsm;&Sd aus;&Gmrsm;rS a'ocHjynfol
210 OD;tm; azazmf0g&D 27 &ufrS rwf
1 &uftxd taemufajrmufwidk ;f ppfXme
csKyf e,fvSnfhaq;ukoa&;tzGJUu usef;
rma&;ppfaq;ay;jcif;ESifh aq;ukoay;
jcif;vkyfief;rsm;aqmif&Gufay;vsuf&Sd&m
(0JyHk)wkdif;rSL;
AdkvfcsKyfrif;aemifESifh
wm0ef&o
dS rl sm;u oGm;a&mufMunhf t
I m;
ay; a'ocHjynforl sm;twGuf aq;0g;
rsm;ESifh pm;aomufzG,f&mrsm; axmufyHh
ay;tyfcahJ Mumif; owif;&&So
d nf/ (100)

wyfrawmf (Munf;? a&? av)trsKd;om;^trsKd;orD; *sL'dkNydKifyGJ AdkvfvkyGJ,SOfNydKifupm;pOf/

vufudkqyfjymjzifU pepfwuspifMu,fatmifaq;aMumjcif;jzifU
ul;pufjreftDbdkvma&m*gtygt0if
ul;pufa&m*grsm;tm;umuG,fMuygpdkh /

wyfrawmfESifhjynfwGif;owif; 11

3-3-2015

wyfrawmf(Munf;? a&? av) ajy;ckefypfNydKifyGJESifUroefpGrf;tm;upm;NydKifyGJ AkdvfvkyGJESifUqkcsD;jrifUjcif;tcrf;tem;usif;y

aejynfawmf rwf

wyfrawmf(Munf;? a&? av) ajy;ckef

ypfNydKifyGJESifh roefpGrf;tm;upm;NydKifyGJ
Akv
d v
f yk rJG sm;udk ,aeYeeH ufyikd ;f wGif aejynf
awmf&dS aZ,smoD&ad bmvH;k uGi;f usi;f y
jyKvyk &f m umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf ;kH (Munf;)

rS 'kw,
d Akv
d cf sKyBf u;D ode;f aX;? wyfrawmf
t&m&SdBuD;rsm;? tm;upm;aumfrwD0if
rsm;ESifh NyKd iyf 0JG iftm;upm;orm;rsm;wuf
a&mufMuNyD; AkdvfvkyGJ,SOfNydKifupm;aerI
rsm;udk MunfhItm;ay;Muonf/
xdaYk emuf qkcs;D jri jhf cif;tcrf;tem;udk

wyfrawmf(Munf;? a&? av)ajy;ckefypfNydKifyGJ AdkvfvkyGJrsm;,SOfNydKifupm;pOf/

u,ef;
wdik ;f &if;om;a&;&m
0efBuD;zvm;
abmvkH;NydKifyGJ
AdkvfvkyGJESifU
qkay;yGJusif;y
z,fckH

rwf 2

&Srf;jynfe,f(awmifydkif;) z,fckHNrdKU
e,fwGif u,ef;wdkif;&if;om;a&;&m
0efBuD;zvm; tvGwfwef;abmvkH;NydKifyGJ
AdkvfvkyGJESifhqkay;yGJtcrf;tem;udk ,ref
aeYnae 3 em&Du NrdKUe,ftm;upm;
uGif;twGif;usif;yonf/
NydKifyGJwGif AdkvfvkyGJtjzpf 0rf;wl;zdkuf
toif;ESifhaemifvdkiftoif;wdkY,SOfNydKif
upm;Mu&m0rf;wl;zdkuftoif;u 4 *dk;*dk;r&Sdjzifh tEkdif&AdkvfpGJcJhonf/
xdkYaemuf yxr&&Sdaom 0rf;wl;zdkuf
toif ; ES i f h 'k w d , &&S d a omaemif v d k i f
toif;wdkYudk wpfOD;csif;qkqGJjym;rsm;udk
vnf;aumif;?
yGJpOfwpfavQmuf
ae&mtvdkuf taumif;qkH;tm;upm;
orm;qktm;vnf;aumif;? 'kwd,qk
&&Sdaom aemifvdkiftoif;tm;aiGom;
qkaiGusyfokH;odef;ESifh yxrqk&&Sdaom
0rf;wl;zdu
k t
f oif;tm; aiGom;qkaiGusyf
ig;odef;udkvnf;aumif;? toefY&Sif;
qk;H qk&&Sad om[de"f rtoif;tm; aiGom;
qkaiGusyfwpfodef;ESifh qkzvm;udk
vnf;aumif; wm0ef&SdolwdkYu toD;
oD;ay;tyfNyD; yxrqk&&Sdaom 0rf;wl;
zdkuftoif;tm; wHcGefpdkufqkzvm;
udk jynfe,fvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f
OD;tmjAm[efu ay;tyfaMumif; od&
onf/
udkaxG;(z,fckH)

zausmzHk;rStquf
aomif;use;f oltiftm;pkrsm;tm; wyfr
awmfppfaMumif;rsm;u ,aeYeHeufykdif;
rSpwif ajcvsiftulypfvufeufBuD;
rsm;udk [efcsun
f D pepfwustoH;k jyKum
w&pyf xkd;ppfqifwkdufcdkufacsrIef;cJh&m
wku
d yf rJG sm;jyif;xefpmG jzpfymG ;cJo
h nf/ wyfr
awmf\[efcsun
f aD omjyif;xefonfh xd;k
ppft[keaf Mumifh aomif;use;f olrsm;tae
jzifh Mum&SnfpGmckcHwkdufcdkufEkdifjcif;r&SdbJ
qkwcf mG vsu&f &dS m <u,fyg;&GmteD;wpf0u
dk f
awmifuek ;f rsm;tm; tqifq
h ifw
h u
dk cf u
kd f
odr;f ydu
k Ef idk cf NhJ y;D naeykid ;f wGif e,ferd w
d f
rSwfwkdif trSwf? 118 ESifh rDwm 1500
cefYtuGm&Sd if;a'owpf0dkuftm; pdk;rkd;
xm;onfhppfAsL[mt& ta&;BuD;aom
yGdKifh-1789 awmifukef;tm; odrf;ykduf
&&SdcJhonf/
udk;uefYaomif;usef;olrsm;taejzifh
e,fedrdwfrSwfwkdif trSwf? 118 bufodkY
qkwfcGmxGufajy;vsuf&SdNyD; wyfrawmf
ppfaMumif;rsm;u vdkufvH&Sif;vif;vsuf
&Sdonf/
,aeYwkdufyGJjzpfyGm;aom yGdKifh-1789
awmifukef;wpf0kdufonf awmawmifxl
xyf cHppfqifoltwGuf tajctae
zefwD;EkdifcGifh&SdNyD; ajrtaetxm;t&
ta&;omaomfvnf; wyfrawmf\pepf
wuspkzGJUum ajcvsiftulvufeufBuD;
rsm;jzifh [efcsufnD xkd;ppfqifrIaMumifh
om cufcrJ MI um;rS atmifjrifpmG odr;f yku
d f
EkdifcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif; od&Sd&onf/
txufygjzpfpOfwGif udk;uefYaomif;
usef;olrsm;xHrS tavmif;ig;avmif;?
vufeufi,frsKd;pHk ckepfvuf odrf;qnf;
&&SdcJhNyD; wyfrawmfrS ppfonfoHk;OD; EkdifiH
awmftwGuf toufay;vSLcJ
h t&m&Sd ^
ppfonf 12 OD; xdckduf'Pf&m&&SdcJhonf/
xdcu
kd 'f Pf&m&&Scd ahJ om t&m&Sd ^ppfonf
rsm;tm; aq;ukorIcH,lEkdifa&; wyfr
awmfaq;Hrk sm;odYk ydaYk qmifvsu&f adS Mumif;
owif;&&Sdonf/
(100)

wyfrawmf
umuG,fa&;
OD;pD;csKyf(udk,fpm;)
umuG,fa&;
OD;pD;csKyfHk;(Munf;)rS
'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfBuD;
odef;aX;
trsKd;om;^
trsKd;orD;
wHcGefpdkuf'dkif;
qk&&Sdonfh
&efukefwdkif;
ppfXmecsKyf
toif;tm;
'dkif;qkay;tyfpOf/

qufvufusi;f yjyKvyk &f m roefprG ;f tm;

upm;NydKifyGJrsm;wGif qk&&Sdolrsm;tm;
wm0ef&o
dS rl sm;u qkrsm;toD;oD;ay;tyf
csD;jrifhonf/
,if;aemuf wyfrawmf(Munf;? a&?
av) ajy;ckefypfNydKifyGJwGif wpfOD;csif;qk

wHqdyfrsm;? trsKd;om;^trsKd;orD; wHcGef

pdkuf'kdif; 'kwd,qk? wwd,qk&&Sdaom
toif;rsm;? trsK;d om;wHceG pf u
kd q
f &k &Sad om
toif;ESihf trsK;d orD;wHceG pf u
kd q
f &k &Sad om
toif;rsm;tm; wm0ef&Sdolrsm;uvnf;
aumif;? trsKd;om;^trsKd;orD;wHcGefpdkuf

'kdif;qk&&Sdaom &efukefwdkif;ppfXmecsKyf
toif;tm; wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;
csKyf(udk,fpm;) umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfHk;
(Munf;)rS 'kw,
d Akv
d cf sKyBf u;D ode;f aX;u
vnf;aumif; qkrsm;toD;oD;ay;tyf
cs;D jri chf MhJ uaMumif; owif;&&So
d nf/(100)

12 jynfwGif;owif;

EdkifiHawmforw OD;odef;pdef
a':atmifqef;pkMunfESifUawG UqHk
aejynfawmf

wyfrawmfowif; 13

3-3-2015

rwf

zausmzHk;rStquf
onf tv,fydkif;wkdif;ppfXmecsKyf wdkif;rSL;
AdkvfcsKyfpdk;xG#fvkdufygvsuf
jyifOD;vGif
wyfe,f wyfrawmfaq;Ho
k aYdk &muf&MdS uNy;D
avmufuikd af 'owdu
k yf rJG sm; xdcu
kd 'f Pf&m
&&Sd aq;Hkwufa&muf aq;ukorIcH,l
aeaom t&m&Sd? ppfonfrsm;tm; wpfOD;
csif;vdkufvHawGUqHk tm;ay;pum;ajym
Mum;NyD; *kPfjyKaiGrsm;? pm;aomufzG,f&m
ypnf;rsm; ay;tyfonf/ xkdYaemuf wyfr
awmfaq;HkrS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;\ xdcdkuf

EdkifiHawmforw OD;odef;pdefonf ,aeYnae 6 em&DwGif aejynfawmf trsKd;om;

'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyfOu| a':atmifqef;pkMunfESifhawGUqHkNyD; EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHk
tajccHOya'jyifqifa&;? vGwfvyfNyD; w&m;rQwaoma&G;aumufyGJusif;yEdkifa&;udp
wdkYESifhpyfvsOf; &if;ESD;yGifhvif;pGmaqG;aEG;cJhMuonf/
(owif;pOf)

twGif; tjcm;wdkufyGJrsm;wGif xdcdkuf'Pf

&m&&Sdolrsm;tm; &if;ESD;pGm wpfOD;csif;awGU
qHak r;jref;tm;ay;pum;ajymMum;Ny;D wpfO;D
csi;f twGuf *kPjf yKaiGrsm;? pm;aomufz,
G f
&mrsm; ay;tyfcJhonf/
xkdYaemuf avmufudkifa'owdkufyGJrsm;
wGif wdkif;jynftwGuf toufpGefYwm0ef
xrf;aqmifcJhonfh
e,fajrcHwyf&if;rS
t&m&Sd? ppfonf? rdom;pkrsm;tm; oD;jcm;
oGm;a&mufawGUqH
k tm;ay;ESpo
f rd phf um;
rsm;ajymMum;NyD; *kPfjyKaxmufyHhaiGESifh

udk;uefYaomif;usef;oltzGJUtaejzifh
EkdifiHawmftpdk;&\ tkyfcsKyfrI,E&m;ysuf
jym;ap&ef &nf&G,f avmufudkifa'o
tm; tMurf;zufodrf;ydkufEkdifa&; BudK;yrf;
vkyaf qmifcahJ omfvnf; wyfrawmf\ pepf
wusppfenf;AsL[m taumiftxnfazmf
pDrHaqmif&GufrI? ypful^ppful [efcsuf
nDtoHk;csrIESifh pGrf;&nfoHk;&yfjynfhpHkrI?
&J&Jwuf &J&Jwkduf &J&JacsrIef;qdkonfh &JoHk;
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avmufuikd af 'oodr;f ydu
k af &;&nf&,
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om; t&m&Sd? ppfonftcsKdU EkdifiHawmf
twGuf rGefjrwfpGmtoufay;vSLcJh&NyD;
tcsKdUrSm xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&SdcJhonf/
,cktcg xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&Sdolrsm;tm;
wyfrawmfaq;Hkrsm;odkY &[wf,mOf?
armfawmf,mOfrsm;jzifh tjrefqHk;a&muf&Sd
atmif pDryH aYkd qmifay;Ekid cf
hJ vnf; 'Pf&m

&vlemrsm;rSm aumif;rGefoufomvsuf&Sd
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aqmif&Gufay;vsuf&Sdonf/ if;tjyif
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onf/
(100)

awGY qHkaqG;aEG;
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orw OD;PfxGef;onf ,aeYeHeuf
ydkif;wGif aejynfawmf&Sd jrefrmtjynfjynf
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usi;f yonfh awmifov
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wwd,qk? pwkwqkESifh yrqk&&Sdolrsm;
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rsm;onf awmifolv,form;aeY tcrf;
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aom awmifov
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&SiBf u;D rsm;udk *kPjf yKusi;f yjcif;jzpfaMumif;
od&onf/
(owif;pOf)

EdkifiHawmforwrS
pufud&d,mrsm;? ajryJ? tmvl;? Muuf
oGef? csif;? uefpGef;O? ydef;Orsm;udk wl;azmf
onfh (Multi Purpose Root-Crop Harvestor) acwfrDpufud&d,mrsm;? v,f,m
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awmifov
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jynfqikd &f m qefpyg;okawoeXme(IRRI)
jycef; jyoxm;onfh jrefrmEdkifiH\a'o
a&ajr&moDOwkESifhudkufnDaom txGuf
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jycef;rsm;udk MunfhIonf/
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Value ukrP
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MunfhItm;ay;cJhonf/
(owif;pOf)

&SpfyJGupm;? &SpfyJGEkdif 24 rSwfjzifh xdyfqHk;

wGif OD;aqmifaeNyD; {&m0wDtoif;u
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rSwf&&Sdxm;onf/
(220)

vuf&SdcsefyD,HrS
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t*r[mo'raZmwdu"Z b'EykneEtm; 0wKaiGESifh vSLzG,fypnf;rsm; qufuyfvSL'gef;pOf/

'Pf&m&&SdrI? aq;0g;ukorI tajctae

wifjycsufrsm;tay: vdktyfonfrsm;jznfh
qnf;aqmif&Gufay;onf/
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d wyfrawmfumuG,af &;
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'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;pdk;0if;onf aq;Hk
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rsm;tm; apmifah &Smufun
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'Pf&m&&Sdolrsm;? wdkif;ppfXmecsKyfe,fajr

pm;aomufzG,f&mrsm; ay;tyfcJhonf/
,if;aemuf 'kw,
d wyfrawmfumuG,f
a&;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf(Munf;)
ESifhtzGJU0ifrsm;onf vm;dI;NrdKU? oD&dr*Fvm
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b'EykneEtm; zl;ajrmfMunfndK 0wK
aiGESifh vSLzG,fypnf;rsm; qufuyfvSL'gef;
cJhonf/

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refql&Srf;ausmif;wkduf&Sd wkdufyJGa&Smifa'ocHjynfolrsm;udk awGUqHktm;ay;pum;ajymMum;pOf/

'kwd,wyfrawmf
umuG,fa&;
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cH,laeaom t&m&Sd?
ppfonfrsm;udk
tm;ay;pum;
ajymMum;NyD;
*kPfjyKaiGrsm;
ay;tyfpOf/

'kw,
d wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;) 'kw,
d Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D pd;k 0if; vm;I;d wyfe,f wyfrawmf
aq;HkwGif aq;ukorIcH,laeaom t&m&Sd? ppfonfrsm;udk tm;ay;pum;ajymMum;pOf/

14 EkdifiHwumtm;upm;ESihftEkynmowif;

0ufpfvDtm;
aqmifaygifvdkac:,l
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b&mZD ; csef y D , H t jzpf ajcmuf B ud r f

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tqd k y gtoif ; BuD ; u rwf 1 &uf w G i f
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