Role of NGOs in poverty reduction

Concept of foreign aid was examined. Nigeria was receiving foreign aid for long time and some improvements have been done in economic development. Our investigation was on the point how deep it was impacted. Following the empirical literature, this study adopts the model employed by Ajisafe (2017) and Chotia and Roa (2017) to examine the impact of foreign aid and infrastructural development on poverty reduction. The study makes use of annual dataset to examine the impact of foreign aid and infrastructural development on poverty reduction in Nigeria over the period of 1981 to 2016. Data on foreign aid measured by Total Official Development Assistance received (constant 2010 US$), infrastructural development (proxy by total electricity net generation. Electric power and distribution losses as a ratio of output, mobile cellular subscriptions, Internet subscribers per 100 population, improved sanitation facilities as a ratio of population with access. Improved water facilities as a rati...

Community Development (CD) is an approach aimed at improving the quality of life of the community. The approach for improvement can be achieved through a number of ways and organizations which includes, the Governmental and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) "a private organization that pursue activities to reduce suffering, promote the interest of the poor , protect the environment, provide basic social services or undertake community development". This paper discusses the role and contribution of NGOs towards development in Balochistan. NGOs have several projects, programs and roles which support people to bring development in communities. In addition, NGOs mobilize the communities to be self-dependent. The study includes interviews, document analysis and field studies with staffs and the beneficiaries of NGOs. The study helps the communities to find out their own problems and solve them according to their own local resources. Recommendations made as to the best practices of community development programs for NGOs to improve the living standard of people in province of Balochistan.

Community Development (CD) is an approach aimed at improving the quality of life of the community. The approach for improvement can be achieved through a number of ways and organizations which includes, the Governmental and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Non- Governmental Organizations (NGOs) "a private organization that pursue activities to reduce suffering, promote the interest of the poor , protect the environment, provide basic social services or undertake community development". This paper discusses the role and contribution of NGOs towards development in Balochistan. NGOs have several projects, programs and roles which support people to bring development in communities. In addition, NGOs mobilize the communities to be self-dependent. The study includes interviews, document analysis and field studies with staffs and the beneficiaries of NGOs. The study helps the communities to find out their own problems and solve them according to their own local resources. R...

This short essay discusses the issue of poverty in Nepal. Despite a number of poverty-reduction programs run by a myriad of actors, poverty in Nepal is still rampant, and the country remains one of the poorest countries in the world. In this essay, I argue that many poverty alleviation programs in Nepal failed because they isolated poverty as an economic and growth problem, whereas, poverty should have been identified and tackled as a political and a human rights issue. I begin the essay by briefly sharing my own experience of poverty while growing up in rural Nepal. I, then, explore the overall poverty scenario in Nepal and analyze a few major causes and consequences of poverty in the country. After offering an overview of poverty reduction approaches in Nepal, I conclude the essay with a few recommendations intended for organizations and policymakers formulating poverty-alleviation strategies in Nepal.

The category 'street child' is an NGO construct. In reality there is little to distinguish the young urban poor from 'street children'. To what extent is this statement supported by the academic research on street children? (Street children).

Communication Technologies is considered to be an effective method for the elimination of the development gap between countries and disparities and inequalities between individuals. This idea is accepted by all scholars of the information society. Information and communication technologies can be used as a means to poor people, who is exposed to social exclusion, make their voices heard. It is also observed that the people socialized over
time, increased the quality and level of sharing and found efficient and entertaining communication possibilities with people who they don’t know. Because of that, it has a vital importance of information and communication technologies. Because it allows people take steps from social exclusion to social inclusion. The studies done by Goodman on South Africa, by Jensen on China and by Bhavnani on Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia shows that
new media helps to reduce impact of poverty and breaks the cycle of poverty. It has also been obtained successful results in breaking the cycle of poverty when new media Technologies are provided in India, Brazil and Nepal. The aim of this study is to examine how the poverty information can be reduced and how people living in poverty can be get out of this cycle by providing information and communication technologies. It will first attempt to
define new media explaining poverty information. The impact of these tools on cycle of poverty will be shown. As a result, it will be analyzed how information technologies contribute to fight against poverty by country examples.

homes on the Telica volcano, as well as attending administrative meetings at multiple sites with a variety of stakeholders. I attended meetings held in the community of Telica, as well as at the offices of NE and the municipal government. Attendees included COTUR members, municipal government officials, EU representatives, and NE staff.

Both experts and the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) have agreed that efficiency, transparency, a diversification of implementers, and an impact-oriented approach is necessary to improve the foreign assistance of the United States Government (USG). This article shows the importance of the correlation of rent-seeking and program impact in terms of democracy and development aid. There are limited publications regarding the Negotiated Indirect Cost Rate Agreement (NICRA) and other operational costs that nonprofit organizations or implementers have been charging to projects funded by US taxpayers. This article also exposes the poorly studied practice of providing a negotiated overhead that is applied to all projects by a given organization without major oversight or transparency. Thanks to the deep knowledge in the field after three decades of implementing USG projects, the author of the article provides recommendations to improve the effectiveness and transparency of international assistance programs, and it opens discussion of an area that may need to be reformed to address such as rent-seeking programs.

Unlike previous studies conducted through content analysis of media reporting on migrants, this article adds to the literature of media coverage on migration through the presentation of interviews carried out with organisations directly involved in influencing and shaping that media content. Most importantly, unlike previous research in this field, it does so by focusing specifically on the representation of refugee children and adolescents. Key informant interviews have been conducted with press officers/communication managers from six of the main organisations working on the migration response in Italy. These include the following: Oxfam, InterSos, Médecins Sans Frontières, Emergency, IOM (International Organization for Migration) and UNICEF. Not only do the findings aid in understanding the consequences that the present media coverage has on refugee children and adolescents, but they also introduce a lens that is useful in offering a more helpful representation of these groups. Ultimately, the ideas presented allow us to consider ways in which this representation can be reframed, with a vision towards a broader social change.

Answering the Cry of the Poor (ANCOP) is an NGO operatingin Canada and the Philippines. ANCOP, under the Catholic lay organization Couples for Christ (CFC) havea community development program where it builds villages for the poor and offers free housing to selected beneficiaries. It accomplishes this by drawing on donations from, among other sources, the Filipino-Canadian diaspora, utilizing its transnational networks to redistribute wealth. This raises the question of what type of local development is being constructed through such transnational philanthropy? I argue that ANCOP’s practices can be situated as a governmentalizing process that creates and enforces specific religious and middle-class subjectivities through the structures of power that are enacted by its leadership, members and benefactors. Additionally, this research highlights the role of transnational religious organizations in contributing to development in the Philippines and in creating transnational economic practices beyond individual remittances whose impact is already well known.

Tutto l'immane lavoro di Marx non solo contiene la dimostrazione fatta con formidabile lavoro di raccolta di materiali, che da un certo punto in poi la teoria sociale non progredisce ma decade inesorabilmente dalle prime luminose visioni (ad esempio dei classici economisti del XVII secolo) ma anche che l'espositore magnifico della nuova teoria non l'ha inventata, ma è felice come il cercatore che trova una pepita, quando dimostra che le sue verità sono contenute, in forma sia pure approssimata, in vecchissimi testi. Tutte le note al Capitale, specie nel primo volume, e tutto il materiale della Storia delle dottrine, hanno questo fine: provare che le conclusioni che sembrano originali sono verità che si impongono a tutti per la evidenza e furono constatate e formulate sempre più da vicino in passato. Si enunciano finalmente in modo organico non quando il genio scende sulla terra, ma quando le condizioni sono mature e concorrono tutte alla apparizione del risultato. Ove tanto non si afferri sarà impossibile convincersi che noi siamo a posto quando affermiamo che il comunismo sarebbe lo stesso apparso se non ci fosse stato il signor Carlo Marx, e quando ci gettiamo come cani arrabbiati contro chi voglia degli scritti di Marx sostituire un rigo, difendendoci con non minore ringhiosità dalla taccia di avere alcunché aggiunto di nostro.

This report identifies the state of current research on the prevalence of opioid use disorder and treatment services among Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) participants and the TANF-eligible population. Additional emphasis is provided on how opioid use disorder negatively affects work-readiness and employment attainment. Funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Administration for Children and Families, this project aims to improve economic well-being and increase TANF agencies’ knowledge base. This report is based on a literature review of opioid use disorder treatment strategies and information on the effects of opioids in the TANF, TANF-eligible, and low-income populations.

Een analyse van sociale noden en de staat van het maatschappelijk middenveld in de Nederlandse Cariben. Beleidsonderzoek in opdracht van de Samenwerkende Fondsen Cariben door het Institute for Good Governance and Leadership aan de Universiteit van Aruba.

Covid Pandemisi sürecinde sivil toplum kuruluşunu aktif olarak açık tutanların verilerine baktığımız zaman; Süreç içerisinde Örgütünü açık tutan yirmi üç hak temelli çalışan sivil toplum örgütü olduğunu görmekteyiz. Buna ek olarak üç sivil toplum örgütünün dayanışmayı çevrimiçi yürüttüğünü görmekteyiz

The three actor's media, civil society and NGOs can play a key oversight role in the human rights sector and build public awareness for more accountable democratic governance. Efforts are need to promote an enabling environment for media; civil society and NGOs. Media can act as a watchdog by exposing corruption and can help to promote good governance and accountability by providing accurate; balanced and timely information that is interest and relevance to the public and civil society and NGOs can help to counter balance the power of the state, oppose authoritarianism and ensure that the state is doing works for human rights interests. All these actors are or should be paying attention in the popularizing and protecting all the three generations of human rights. Efforts are needed to increase media, civil society and government integrity-building partnerships in situations where such mutually-beneficial relationships are lacking or inadequate. It is important to promote change in public attitudes and practices by fostering ongoing dialogue, cooperation and trust between the government, media, civil society and NGOs.

This article presents a case study of a Swedish-based NGO, Assyrians Without Borders (AWB), whose priority objective is to help Middle Eastern Christians, mainly Assyrians/Syriacs, in need in their homeland. The paper argues that Assyrians/Syriacs in Sweden have developed three forms of citizenship – religious, political and democratic. All three forms are transnational and have the potential to challenge the idea of national citizenship as being the dominant model of citizenship. Participating in AWB is understood as practising democratic citizenship, a concept seen as the Swedish ideal of model citizenship. The paper claims that AWB empowers its members and helps them to construct a mutually reinforcing dual Assyrian-Swedish identity.

This research paper examines the role of Non-Government Organizations (NGO) in the use of indigenous women social entrepreneurship as a means of reducing poverty in Northern Ghana. The study focused on an Estonian NGO working in significantly poor-rural districts of Northern Ghana. The study employed case study design where face to face semi-structures interviews were used to gather data from local women entrepreneurs, NGO staff and local government officials. A sample of twenty-one (21) respondents was gathered purposefully to achieve the aim of the study. The study found out that, most poor communities in Northern Ghana are endowed with resources needed for production. What are however lacked are managerial training, financial and technical support as well as market access. Development NGOs connect indigenous resources such as raw materials, human capital and social capital together through provision of equipment and skills training to produce internationally certified products for both local and international market. The study found out that producing local products for international market increases the rate of poverty alleviation since many local people get involved and the financial returns is higher than producing for the local market. The study also identified the creation of new macro-micro international relations between the NGO's home country and the indigenous communities.

The article analyzes the practices of two NGOs aiming to empower women through entrepreneurship in the province of East Java with the capital city Surabaya, Indonesia. Both NGOs have similar goals: to improve the well-being of women as well as to empower them in their households, communities and businesses; however, they differ in methodologies. Thus, it is thought-provoking to compare the ways and means applied by both NGOs to empower women. Their methodologies are presented and analyzed in order to capture their strengths and weaknesses, following a qualitative study that was carried out in two villages in the surrounding areas of Surabaya, Indonesia.

Unintended Revolution describes the ways in which development performed in and by nongovernmental organizations in an Indian metropolis serves as a tool for reinforcing and improving social standing. Anna Romanowicz argues that the NGO environment gives a particular opportunity to middle class members whose cultural and economic capital are (re)produced in such an environment. She concludes that the ineffectiveness of development lies in the interest of this group and as such reflects neoliberal policies more broadly. She also argues that class status is the most important factor in acquiring a job position in a contemporary NGO, and that this cuts across gender, caste, and nationality, as well as other identities.

The most essential element for any Government is to become a welfare state and the constitution of Pakistan gives great importance to promote the social welfare projects in order to alleviate the poverty. The article 37 and 38 of constitution 1973, is the mother source of socioeconomic and people welfare policies, explains that state should provide the basic necessities of life like food, clothing, shelter, education, medical relief, suitable job opportunities and reduce the disparities in the sources of earnings. In view of this, Pakistan government introduced different development programmes, schemes and plans for the provision of basic facilities to poor's. According to the State Bank report 2011, Microfinance has failed to make a major breakthrough in Pakistan in order to become a dynamic participant. The poverty rate in the country, increased from 23.9 to 37.5 percent according to planning Commission (2012). It was also reported that about sixty million people was living below absolute poverty line. The recent disaster of Thar and Chulsitan own speaks loud on the failure of Govt. development programmes and microfinance. As interest is prohibited as per belief of majority of the people, any interest based scheme is not suitable due to being exploitation. Now, there is a great need to bring a religiously acceptable model that will change baggers to donator hand. Islamic finance takes an impressive leap after ongoing economic and financial crises at the national and global levels and is increasingly gaining ground. The present study suggests a practical Islamic microfinance model that can be considered to be more fruitful and productive to alleviate poverty effectively; it explains seven years might be sufficient to reduce poverty from the society at large.

Source: https://www.undeflessonslearned.org/projects/strengthening-local-ngos-areas-extractive-industries-operate/

Program: https://www.un.org/democracyfund/sites/www.un.org.democracyfund/files/indonesia_-_udf-08-254-ins_-_evaluation_report.pdf

This report was written by Florence Burban (principal evaluator) and Laila Kholid Alirdaus (national expert) under the management of Transtec Belgium.

Concept of foreign aid was examined. Nigeria was receiving foreign aid for long time and some improvements have been done in economic development. Our investigation was on the point how deep it was impacted. Following the empirical literature, this study adopts the model employed by Ajisafe (2017) and Chotia and Roa (2017) to examine the impact of foreign aid and infrastructural development on poverty reduction. The study makes use of annual dataset to examine the impact of foreign aid and infrastructural development on poverty reduction in Nigeria over the period of 1981 to 2016. Data on foreign aid measured by Total Official Development Assistance received (constant 2010 US$), infrastructural development (proxy by total electricity net generation. Electric power and distribution losses as a ratio of output, mobile cellular subscriptions, Internet subscribers per 100 population, improved sanitation facilities as a ratio of population with access. Improved water facilities as a rati...

This article presents a case study of a Swedish-based NGO, Assyrians Without Borders (AWB), whose priority objective is to help Middle Eastern Christians, mainly Assyrians/Syriacs, in need in their homeland. The paper argues that Assyrians/Syriacs in Sweden have developed three forms of citizenship-religious, political and democratic. All three forms are transnational and have the potential to challenge the idea of national citizenship as being the dominant model of citizenship. Participating in AWB is understood as practising democratic citizenship, a concept seen as the Swedish ideal of model citizenship. The paper claims that AWB empowers its members and helps them to construct a mutually reinforcing dual Assyrian-Swedish identity.

The study focused on Indigenous knowledge, Community structures, Institutional response and Disaster risk management in Teso sub-region. The objectives of the study were to; examine the relationship between indigenous knowledge and disaster risk management, examine the relationship between indigenous knowledge and community structures, investigate the relationship between indigenous knowledge, institutional response and disaster risk management and determining the relationship between indigenous knowledge, community structures, institutional response and disaster risk management.
The research design was descriptive; it used both qualitative and quantitative approaches in collecting data from the study population totaling 483 respondents. Proportionate stratified random sampling was used to select the sample of 264 respondents from the leaders of the Non Government Organisations, members of disaster management committees and house hold heads. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis option of SPSS version (17.0), and was then presented using Spearman’s correlation, multiple regression and factor structure loadings of the relationship and prediction for Indigenous knowledge, Community structures, Institutional response and Disaster risk management.
The major findings of the study were that there is a significant positive correlation between; indigenous knowledge and disaster risk management (r= 0.370, P-value < 0.01), indigenous knowledge and community structures (r = 0.587, P-value < 0.01), indigenous knowledge, institutional response and disaster risk management r = 0.611, P-value < 0.01) and between indigenous knowledge, community structures, institutional response and disaster risk management r = 0.370, 0.693, 0.398, P-value < 0.01).
The study recommended that it is essential to develop people’s indigenous values as this is the core of security which is an integral part of disaster prevention, preparedness and management, there should be development of community structures so that with indigenous values, projects can be set up in a bid to prevent and manage disasters in the areas and disaster response teams should be trained and equipped with skills that are in line with their indigenous knowledge which will help in disaster management since it is a key tool.

The aim of the article is to prove the statement that Poverty is Habitual and Genetic. For this, several families were observed over years to fulfill the objectives. Habitual facts of the respondents were observed to understand the relationship with poverty. Daily habits which were repeating by the respondents were considered. Poverty and genetic relationship were observed. Why and how do they become poor by the influence of previous generations were explained. Finally it was concluded that Poverty is habitual and genetic.

The quest for better livelihood opportunities has led to large-scale migration and the mushrooming of slums in several Indian cities. Unfortunately, a significant section of the urban poor do not have access to many of the benefits of urban
development. Much of the challenge of delivering services to the marginalized groups lies in identifying them and effectively approaching them. So that limited resources are utilized well and programs ad dress real needs. There is a presence of the public sector as well as CO's in urban areas. The growing requirement for health services for the urban poor. owing to rapid urban population growth, necessitates thinking about the collaborative approach of the public and Non profit sector for health services in urban areas.

A well coordinated effort involving both public sector and the NGO's can help address a number of crucial issues for effective urban health programming. NGO's can play an important role in identifying the neediest hidden pockets. Available resources can be better targeted to ensure benefit to the most vulnerable through a sensitive vulnerability assessment of slums. Innovative techniques or models of delivering health services develop which are context appropriate and involve the multitude or urban health stakeholders to avoid duplication of efforts. These can be analyzed for effectiveness and adapted to similar settings. NGO's can be effective community mobilizers to evoke community's awareness and thereby demand for quality health services. The involvement of NGO's and the community per se is critical to sustainability of any program. In view of the contributions that NGO's can make to Urban Health Programming, and the inherent strengths and operational challenges of the Public Sector, Govt.- NGO partnership is vital for strengthening RCH services for underserved urban populations. Carried out with devotion, purpose and commitment, such partnerships will be able to actualize the aphorism: "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts".

This chapter describes the work of two grassroots women’s organizations in India, the Self Employed Women’s Association and MarketPlace India.  It provides background on each organization and identifies four themes in their work: Collaboration and Participation; Women’s Leadership; Women’s Empowerment; and Respect for Diversity and Global Connections.  Drawing upon actual struggles for economic and social justice, the chapter shows how these organizations empower their members through dignified labor, participation in organizational decision-making, and developing leadership.  The organizations also cultivate a respect for diversity of identities.  This respect for diversity coincides with the ability to criticize pernicious traditions and practices.  Each organization empowers its members to challenge structural injustice through social and political activism. The chapter demonstrates the effectiveness of beginning from the local and moving toward the global to promote gender justice, and suggests that the comprehensive strategy that these organizations employ could serve as a model for transnational feminism.

Access to financial services is an essential component for improving women economic empowerment, reducing gender disparities and alleviating poverty. The objective of this study is to examine women social, political, and economic empowerment as a result of an on-going Union Council-based poverty reduction programme; implemented in 8 districts of Sindh province with main provision of zero-interest based loan facility available for women.

The study reveals that while having provision of interest free financing available at grass-root level, a social mobilisation approach that encourages women to become part of community level organisations i.e. from neighbourhood to union council level, helped women to assert their basic living rights. Families and communities allowed women to organise and participate jointly in the financial system; which encourage women to help and manage financial and other economic risks, to support their families by starting or expanding micro business enterprises, and to involve in community decision making.



Key Words: Financial Inclusion, Women Economic Empowerment, Social Mobilisation, Micro Enterprises, Community Investment Fund

NGOs are exceptionally assorted gatherings of associations occupied with a wide scope of
exercises, and take diverse structures in various parts of the world. Some may have
magnanimous status, while others might be enlisted for assessment exception dependent on
acknowledgment of social purposes. Others might be fronts for political, religious, or different
interests. NGOs are hard to characterize, and the term 'NGO' isn't constantly utilized reliably. In
a few nations the term NGO is connected to an association that in another nation would be called
a NPO (charitable association), and the other way around. There are a wide range of orders of
NGO being used. Open studies uncover that NGOs frequently appreciate a high level of open
trust, which can make them a valuable

This research paper examines the role of Non-Government Organizations (NGO) in the use of indigenous women social entrepreneurship as a means of reducing poverty in Northern Ghana. The study focused on an Estonian NGO working in significantly poor-rural districts of Northern Ghana. The study employed case study design where face to face semi-structures interviews were used to gather data from local women entrepreneurs, NGO staff and local government officials. A sample of twenty-one (21) respondents was gathered purposefully to achieve the aim of the study. The study found out that, most poor communities in Northern Ghana are endowed with resources needed for production. What are however lacked are managerial training, financial and technical support as well as market access. Development NGOs connect indigenous resources such as raw materials, human capital and social capital together through provision of equipment and skills training to produce internationally certified products fo...

It is noted that research is a means to either to discover or extend theoretical knowledge or solve community-related problems. The research activities conducted by; for instance, university researchers are mostly aimed at solving community-related problems. Yet, the rural communities which I have interacted within four zones of the Amhara regional state, Ethiopia perceived that their problems are not being solved by or will not be solved by researchers. The smallholder farming community perceived that researchers visited them just either to earn a degree which locally they called it in Amharic "lememerekia" or to get some incentives; that is, just to earn money. Frankly speaking, this pessimistic conception held by farmers in the Woredas or districts I visited; really, frustrated my ambition to be a researcher in rural development, agriculture extension, sustainable development and related themes. It is true that many unethical issues may be committed on them under the guise of research. However, I don't know how we are going to minimize the generalization reached by the smallholder farming community. There is a need to confirm to the farming community that research is not only collecting data through questionnaire, focus group discussions or interview methods but also it is a collective problem solving process through deliberative communication; that is, through a kind of participatory learning (empowering) approach. I think this is what the advocacy and participatory knowledge claims are telling us (cf. Creswell, 2014). Unless we follow a research approach that practically solves a kind of problem which is to be recognized by the community, I am afraid that, the public is going to make a revolution on research and we will cease to retain our "intellectual charisma" shortly. The following sample voices quoted from farmers in four zones in the Amhara regional state are food for thought opinions to ponder over the research practices conducted by univer

In March, Bangladesh celebrated its golden jubilee of gaining independence from Pakistan in 1971. Despite suffering its fair share of political disorder over the last 50 years, Bangladesh has achieved steady economic growth and has made significant social achievements. This article will look back on the past 50 years, highlight Bangladesh's failures, challenges and achievements as well as assess what the future might hold for this South Asian country of over 166 million people.

Social scientists and policy-makers are exceedingly concerned with the civil society capability to influence the stability in the European Union and member states. This ability largely depends on the role of non-governmental actors, that are of civil society interests. Aiming to submit the demands that include into the stability of integrated states, non-governmental organizations need appropriate adherence to decision-making institutions. This provision is related to the general, and contentious, issue of the non-governmental organizations engagement in political representation, participation. Regarding the European Union system, some of the other variables should be taken into consideration. The level of engagement of the social parts is the peculiar indicator of the some yardstick of integration from below, and the viabilities between civil society and Government. That is to say that the differentiated structure of the interests provided by the non-governmental organizations, the community-based organizations and the groups, together with increasing demand for greater popular involvement in the civil matters, are forced on the European Union the need to develop a more effective and integrated system with the involvement of non-state actors. Non-governmental organizations, inter alia, submit interests related to development of society. In so doing, non-governmental organizations manage relationships with different sectors through thecivil dialogue. By participating in European official programs, European non-governmental organizations have promoted many initiatives on institutional stability. This became anexcellentbeginning to the increasing non-governmental organizations more active role in European Union stability.

گــروه زشــتیهای اصفهــان گروهــی مردم نهــاد اســت کــه از ســال 1392 کار خــود را بــرای حــل معضــل زشــتی های شــهر اصفهــان آغــاز کــرده. مبــدع و بانــی تشــکیل ایــن گــروه مردمــی، «روزبــه فـرزان» اسـت کـه
مدیریـت گــروه را نیــز بــه عهــده دارد. فرزان، سی وپنج ســاله و اهــل اصفهــان اســت. او فارغ التحصیــل مهندســی شــیمی دانشــگاه صنعتــی اســت. بــه گفتــه خــودش پدربزرگ هــای فامیــل وی عــکاس و از بنیانگــذاران اتحادیــه صنــف عکاســان اصفهــان بوده انــد و ایــن مسـئله یکـی از عللـی
اسـت کــه بــه خاطــر دغدغــه اش نســبت بــه شــهر اصفهــان، در کوچه پــس
کوچه هــای ذهــن او اولیــن جرقه هــای بنیانگــذاری چنیــن حرکتــی را باعــث شــده اســت.

The importance of development in post-independence India is hard to dispute. The first Prime Minister after the colonial rule, Jawaharlal Nehru, announced in his speech delivered to the Constituent Assembly on the eve of independence that: 'The future is not one of ease or resting but of incessant striving so that we may fulfil the pledges we have so often taken and the one we shall take today. The service of India means the service of the millions who suffer. It means ending of poverty and ignorance and disease and inequality of opportunity. The ambition of the greatest man of our generation has been to wipe every tear from every eye. That may be beyond us, but as long as there are tears and suffering, so long our work will not be over' (Nehru 1947).

El presente estudio se orienta a analizar las formas como una ONG local receptora de recursos de ayuda al desarrollo puede desviarse de su propósito principal o misión a partir de las presiones y demandas de las organizaciones donantes, especialmente de las ONGs Internacionales. La investigación se basa en un estudio de caso (Yin, 2003) y utiliza métodos mixtos (Caracelli V. & Greene J.1993) con predominio del enfoques cualitativo y el uso métodos cuantitativos con propósitos de triangulación y complementariedad.  El caso estudiado es una ONG local, ubicada en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Se utilizó como referente teórico para este estudio la Teoría de la Dependencia de Recursos formulada por Pfeffer J. y Salancik G. (1978).La organización estudiada ha obtenido sus recursos predominantemente de donaciones de ONGs Internacionales, por lo general europeas que comparten su enfoque. El estudio encontró que esta ONG local ha tenido varios cambios en su misión a través de su historia. Tanto la misión como la misma ONG entraron en un proceso de formalización a partir de las presiones de las ONGs Internacionales donantes especialmente en los años 1999-2000.
A través de un análisis de la historia de esta organización, de su entorno, de sus momentos de mayores cambios y de sus proyectos ejecutados en el periodo1999-2000, el estudio encontró que si bien los donantes (ONGs internacionales) influyeron en la formalización y cambios de la misión no hay evidencia de que estas presiones y cambios hayan significado desviarse de la misión (fenómeno traducido como Mission Drift), lo cual es el propósito principal del estudio. Sin embargo el fenómeno denominado desviación de la misión constituye un riesgo siempre presente en la relación del donante con la ONG local, ante las necesidades de sobrevivencia por recursos. 
La ONG estudiada tuvo como factores determinantes para no desviarse de su misión, la fortaleza de liderazgo de sus fundadores, su compromiso político, la consistencia de su enfoque y el enfoque de las ONGs donantes de apoyo a los movimientos sociales.
Por otra parte, la ONG estudiada comporta un modelo de adaptación, negociación y balance similar al planteado por Oller D. (2006) para el manejo de las presiones externas de los donantes. También se encontró que las presiones de las ONGs Internacionales donantes están muy relacionadas con el origen de los recursos: cuando los recursos vienen de ciudadanos y de la sociedad civil, las presiones son menores y cuando estos recursos proceden de fondos oficiales o gubernamentales (a través de ONGs internacionales) las presiones y requerimientos son mayores.

Since 2015, Greece has experienced an unprecedented influx of asylum seekers. For several months, most humanitarian assistance provided to them by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) heavily relied on in-kind donations. Donations of tangible items frequently pose serious management challenges and may disturb relief distribution. Through empirical research based on a questionnaire survey and interviews, we find that NGOs have increasingly cooperated and coped well with these management issues. Despite the lack of formal coordination mechanisms, it seems that donation of goods acted as an incentive for cooperation. In contrast, in-kind donations of services (volunteerism) did not seem to have the same effect.

We develop a new model of social innovation (SI) inspired by the multi-channel interactive learning model of business innovation. As opposed to the linear models of innovation, this model does not identify ‘stages’ of business innovation. Rather, it stresses that innovation is an interactive process, in which collaboration among various partners are crucial, as they possess different types of knowledge, all indispensable for successful innovation activities. Having considered numerous definitions of SI, first we propose a new one, then adapt the multi-channel interactive learning model to SI. To do so, we identify the major actors in an SI process, their activities, interactions, modes of (co-)producing, disseminating and utilising knowledge. We also consider the micro and macro environment of a given SI. We illustrate the analytical relevance of the proposed model by considering three real-life cases. The model can assist SI policy-makers, policy analysts, as well as practitioners ...

Formation réalisée à la demande de l'équipe d'EnFaNCE Manille, sur les étapes du développement, depuis la gestation à l'âge adulte et au-delà, en passant par la première enfance, la petite enfance, l'enfance et l'adolescence...  - Adaptation française revue et augmentée de "Stages of child development - From Conception Onwards", formation réalisée par Anne Carpentier , gestalt-thérapeute, formatrice, superviseure, pour l'équipe d'EnFaNCE 1.2.10 - Publication Réseau Pratiques 2013

This paper discusses the influence of European migration externalisation policies on civil society initiatives promoting migrants’ rights in Morocco. By looking at the nature of NGOs’ interventions that aim to benefit migrants’ social and economic rights, the paper attempts to uncover the contradictions inherent in the implementation of so-called rights-based approaches to migration management in a context marked by inequality, uneven social development and authoritarian rule. The Moroccan example shows how the EU’s efforts have promoted a juridical, administrative and discursively justifiable policy framework in Morocco, in which NGOs could successfully deliver humanitarian aid and advocate for vulnerable migrants’ rights to life. At the same time, however, the underlying rationale of distinguishing between the rights of legal and irregular migrants hampers NGOs in promoting a more inclusive approach concerning migrants as target populations of social development policies in the country. This is compounded by a national political context marked by limited opportunities for civil society participation in policy-making processes. By describing the dilemmas created through these tensions, this paper aims to draw attention to overlooked connections between development policies and externalisation measures in the Global South.

Purpose: This study examines the phenomenon of donor fatigue and its implication on donor funding for local-NGOs. It further explores alternative ways of generating funds locally. Research Methodology: Convenient sampling method was used for selecting the sample for the study. The design involves collecting data from five (5) selected international donors, thirty (30) partner organization staffs, twenty-two (22) direct beneficiaries and fifteen (15) team leaders/council members of the partner organizations. Results: Donor funds have been on the decline due to donor fatigue, over dependency syndrome, poor proposal writing, improper management of donor funds, frequent changes in the interest areas of donors, changes in the policy direction of donor countries and the increasing number of local-NGOs competing for the same funds. Limitation: The conclusion drawn may not be representative of all the NGOs in Ghana as they may not all have similar funding sources and challenges Contribution: The finding will serve as a guide and logical framework for existing and potential local-NGOs on donor requirements for funding.