PGCE

This case study examines how United States-based college-level Chinese heritage language learners of Taiwanese ethnicity perceived Mandarin Chinese varieties and how their perceptions shaped their learning experiences. Mandarin Chinese is a lingua franca across diverse Chinese
communities, with Mainland Mandarin being the mainstream variety. Although college classes in the United States predominantly teach Mainland Mandarin, many Taiwanese learners initially acquire Taiwanese Mandarin. By analyzing interviews and questionnaires from five Taiwanese
learner participants, the findings indicate that Chinese heritage language learners of Taiwanese ethnicity prefer the pronunciation, vocabulary, and style differences of Taiwanese Mandarin for cultural identity reasons, and prefer Mainland Mandarin for its broader use. The findings also show how participants adapted to various contexts, regretted limited learning, and considered career prospects, aiming to inform Chinese language educators and to promote equity and inclusivity.

All young individuals have the right to receive a suitable education that caters to their unique requirements, fosters excellence, and enables them to reach their fullest potential (Department for Education, 2014). The Department for Education's Special Educational Needs and Disability Code of Practice (2014) insists that schools must identify and address pupils' special needs, in order to support them at best. It is widely linked to the Area of Professional Learning (APL) "Pedagogy" which gathers Teaching Standards 2, 4 and 5.

The sedimentary successions of the Belait formation exposed across the northern side of the Labuan Island has been studied by various workers such as Hazebroek, 1993; Levell, 1983, 1987; Tate, 1994. Based on his work, Mazlan Madon (1994, 1997) concluded that the basal Belait Formation was deposited in fluvial system developed over an eroded Temburong landscape in an overall transgressive regime. Facies development in the basal Belait reflects a quick change transition from fluvial systems (braided to meandering) to shallow marine successions represented by coarsening-upward offshore shales to shoreface sandstones. The presence of two (2) new outcrops provide the opportunity to further study the lateral continuity and vertical facies succession within the Belait Formation. A total of nine (9) outcrop sites including two (2) new locations were studied and logged and 142 samples were taken and analysed for biostratigraphic information. Results showed that the fluvial succession within ...

Detailed correlation of reservoir sands is critical to field development and reservoir management. High-resolution biostratigraphy can provide this correlation by supplementing regional biostratigraphic markers with local bioevents, recognised from thin shales within reservoir intervals. This high-resolution data set could reduce risks in the drilling appraisal and development wells. Regional biostratigraphic markers are generally have a resolution of tens of meter or more. Though they permit regional correlation and mapping, they are too broad for correlation at the reservoir scale. Most reservoir objectives occur between these biostratigraphic tops. Therefore, a high resolution technique is necessary. An example of such application is in Tertiary reservoirs of the Bergading Field, Malay Basin where three regional and 59 semi-regional bioevents are used to enhance reservoir correlation. They comprise 43 palynological events i.e. mangrove and palynofacies events, and 16 marine events. These palynological events are believed to be caused primarily by changes in climate and relative sea level, while the marine events are caused by physical and chemical fluctuations in the seawater mass through time. Palynomorphs, foraminifera and nannofossils imprint these changes onto the accumulating sediments and yield reproducible signals that can be interpreted and correlated across the field. Recognising and documenting these bioevents are the principles behind high resolution biostratigraphy. When integrated with wireline logs and seismic, such signals produce a more refined correlation and subdivision of sediment packages at the reservoir scale.

Diamantidaki and Carruthers aim to provide an overview of the UCL, Institute of Education (IE) Confucius Institute (CI) for schools in promoting the teaching of Chinese in Primary and Secondary Schools in England. The authors analyse how the IOE CI developed and evolved so that in 2016 there are 200 spoke schools working with the 42 Confucius Classrooms, 3 of which are based in primary schools. Both authors underline the challenges of introducing Chinese into both sectors of schooling, including introducing a Programme of Study concerning Mandarin. The potential of comparing Mandarin with European languages seeks precision of meaning through complex grammar and vocabulary. Both authors focus on the challenges of teaching and learning, offering a new Programme of Study and suggesting new strategies in the teaching of characters and presenting culture. Both authors within the CI continue their work with informal feedback suggesting that this approach is working within a flexibility wh...

Since first discovery of oil on Khaur structure, oil companies have been actively looking for hydrocarbon in the thrust fold belts of Pakistan. A lot of regional work has been done to understand the evolution of thrust fold belts and development of individual structures. Most of the studies were focused on building a regional model based on plate tectonic, satellite imageries, surface geology, gravity, magnetic and seismic data. When it comes to developing detail understanding of individual structures, seismic data has been mostly restricted to making structure maps at reservoir level. In this paper we are demonstrating that special techniques like Spectral Decomposition and Inversion should be used regularly to build detail understanding of the structural and stratigraphic complexities involved within the individual structures. Working backwards this will result in refining our regional structural and stratigraphic model besides enhancing exploration and development capabilities of the area. Spectral Decomposition and Inversion was applied on a structure in Kirthar ISulaiman foldbelt. The results were encouraging and showed both structural and stratigraphic detail not seen on the conventional seismic.

Many of the discoveries and studies of gas hydrates in shallow seafloor sediments in the Gulf of Mexico and West Africa have resulted from surface geochemical exploration (SGE) coring studies conducted by the authors. In this poster session, we provide new information on the distribution, occurrence, and nature of gas hydrates offshore Trinidad and Barbados. The Atlantic continental margin offshore Trinidad and Barbados has been the site of gas hydrate recoveries over the last few years from SGE coring programs. This region is much like the northern Gulf of Mexico in that there are numerous sites of macroseepage of oil and gas into shallow seabed sediments. This seepage is generally associated with deep faulting that act as conduits for the upward migration of oil and gas. Gas hydrates are often collected from 6-meter piston cores along with oil/gas seepage over these faults which are often associated with mounds. Gas hydrates were observed in at least 12 cores in water depths from 714 to 2,386-m. Another 20+ cores were suspected to contain hydrates based on gas expansion cracks and headspace gas concentrations. Both biogenic and thermogenic hydrates were observed based on molecular and isotopic compositions. The gas hydrates are often associated with large mounds much like "Bush Hill" in the Gulf. Seven cores over one of these mounds identified visual gas hydrates in five of the cores. Heat flow measurements were acquired that along with gas compositions and water depth can constrain the depth of the hydrate stability zone.

General description (research questions, objectives, theoretical framework) (600 words): Education currently operates internationally within a policy climate of neoliberalism where market forces underpin activity (Ball, 2012). There is an “emphasis on measured outputs: on strategic planning, performance indicators, quality assurance measures” (Olssen and Peters, 2005: 313) which leads to a culture of performativity. In England, as elsewhere, teachers have experienced an intensification of their work and challenges to notions of professionalism resulting in a culture of box ticking in order to fulfil the range of professional requirements (Ballet et al, 2006). In this climate, teachers are required to take increasing responsibility for themselves including their ‘continuing professional development’ (CPD), which is seen as both a requirement to support school improvement and a professional entitlement (Gewirtz, 2002; Ball, 2003; OECD, 2009; OECD, 2015). Over time, there have been sug...

Hasil penelitian di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa, faktor yang mempengaruhi siswa terhadap perilaku bolos sekolah adalah faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal seperti malas mengikuti proses pembelajaran dikarenakan tidak menyukai mata pelajaran yang yang disampaikan oleh guru. Sedangkan faktor eksternal seperti pengaruh ajakan dari teman, fasilitas sekolah yang kurang memadai, metode pembelajaran yang membosankan dan tidak ada perhatian dari orang tua. Adapun peran sekolah dalam mencegah perilaku membolos siswa dengan cara sekolah lebih menegakkan kedisiplinan, pendekatan individu, perbaikan lingkungan sekolah dan peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran. Adapun peran kontrol sosial terhadap siswa yang sering melakukan bolos sekolah, yaitu pengendalian sosial secara persuasif adalah pengendalian sosial yang dilakukan tanpa paksaan, seperti memberikan teguran kepada siswa ketika melakukan pelanggaran, dan pengendali sosial koersif adalah pengendalian sosial secara paksaan.

One question I frequently asked as a PE teacher educator was ‘How do I support my trainees to teach better lessons?’ Many were already good teachers or better as they approached the summer term. Upon consideration one way became clear, this being when teachers moved out of their comfort zone and took risks. Supporting all trainee PE teachers to teach ‘better’ is a priority for teacher training providers. This being not only to improve practice but essentially to have greater positive impact upon pupil learning, engagement and experience within physical education. The notion of risk taking has often been forwarded by educators to promote creative and innovative approaches to learning. This notion is complex, not least because it is often associated with the more uncomfortable notion of ‘risk’ which poses ‘threats’ to pupils and perhaps teachers themselves. This workshop seeks to begin to define risk taking as pedagogic practice and outlines research findings of the benefits to traine...

280 3.18 Meta-analysis network diagrams………………… 4.1 Annotated focus group extract: 'What is subject knowledge?'……………………………………. 4.2 Annotated focus group extract: 'And what is theory?'……………………………… 288 4.3 Summary of individual differences……………….

In this paper the concept of collaborative learning is studied and illustrated in the dynamic between mezzo-systemic interinstitutional enactments of policies for partnership and collaboration between universities and schools offering pre-service teacher education programs and the micro-systemic level of inter-individual collaborative encounters between participants to the learning activity. The analysis uses conceptual and methodological tools of the Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT). Analysis is located in two programs for pre-service teacher education-one in the Western Europe (UK), the other in the postcommunist Eastern Europe (Romania).

The East Shabowah Oilfields in the Masila Basin are the most productive oilfields in the Republic of Yemen. The Masila Basin contains sediments of Jurassic and younger age. The Madbi Formation, an important regional source rock, is widespread and is encountered in the East Shabowah Oilfields where it consists of two units. The lower unit commonly consists of an argillaceous limestone and a basal sandstone, and forms a good reservoir in some oilfields of the Masila Basin. The upper unit is composed of laminated organic rich shale which is a prolific source rock in the Masila Basin. In this study, organic rich shales were analysed by means of organic petrographic and organic geochemical methods with the objective of evaluating the oil generating potential of the shales. Petrographic analysis was performed to measure vitrinite reflectance (%Ro) in reflected "white light" under oil immersion. Geochemical analyses include determination of total organic carbon (TOC wt%), bitumen extraction, gas chromatography and gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Based on the results of this study, the rocks were deposited under suboxic conditions in a marine environment. Good source rock potential is suggested by high values of TOC of 2.0-7.2 wt%, high extractable organic matter content, and hydrocarbon yields exceeding 8,000 ppm. Shale samples are thermally mature for hydrocarbon generation as suggested by %Ro values of 0.65-0.91%.

Eight crude oil samples recovered from eight fields located in Abu Gharadig and Shushan basins in the north Western Desert, Egypt, were geochemically assessed in order to understand their genetic relationships. Two genetic families of oil are identified in this study, namely Abu Gharadig and Shushan oil families. Bulk (API and sulphur contents), n-alkanes, isoprenoids, biomarkers terpanes and steranes, and dibenzothiophene and phenanthrene parameters of the oils of the two families suggest regional variations of organic facies in their source rocks. Shushan samples represent oil typically generated from clay-rich terrigenous source rocks with great higher plant input, deposited under oxic conditions. Contrary, Abu Gharadig oil samples are of marine origin, their source rocks are rich in clay content and were deposited under suboxic environment. Biomarker maturity parameters Ts/Ts+Tm, ββ/αα and 20S/(20S+20R) C 29 sterane ratios indicate that the studied samples had reached the peak of the oil window, with high maturity level biased towards Abu Gharadig oil. None of the studied oils have undergone biodegradation or water washing. This explains much of the chemical and physical properties uniformity observed across individual oil samples in each basin.

processing and consistent acquisition minimized the level of required cross equalization. Appropriate QC at each stage of cross equalization ensures that the desired 4D effect is preserved as the two datasets become increasingly comparable and look alike in the non-reservoir zones where ideally no change is expected. The final differences after cross equalization clearly shows high amplitude 4D anomalies around injector wells. The overall improvement of 4% repeatability was achieved through the cross equalization process. The 4D data successfully imaged both water and gas movement throughout the major reservoir and results are currently being used to update the geologic and reservoir simulation models as well as to support a drilling campaign.

The prospective Sandakan sub-basin has been less explored even though some oil and gas discoveries has been made in addition to the numerous thermogenic gas show encountered in most of the exploration wells in the offshore Eastern Sabah. The gas and condensate was tested with flow rate as high as 15mmcfg and 500 bc/d in one of the wells, however the discovery of commercial size has yet to be made. The probable reason for this lack of success is insufficient seal integrity due to very high percentages of sand vs. shale. Field observation of the Dent Group outcropping in Dent Peninsula shows the occurrence of thick shale belonging to Sebahat Formation, the equivalent to the main reservoirs in the offshore. This formation together with younger Ganduman and Togopi Formations are collectively known as the Dent Group of Middle Mioecene to Pleistocene. The Group consists of post-rift sedimentary packages, overlying the older syn-rift Segama Group. It consists of fluviodeltaic to marine sed...

PGCE History Portfolio based on my Placement 1 experience.

The five elements of the portfolio are:

1. What is the place of your subject within the curriculum? What is the historical context?
What elements do you feel are most important?
2. With reference to the relevant literature, discuss what behaviours are needed for
learning in your subject. How have these been supported in the lessons you have
observed?
3. What different teaching approaches (pedagogies) have you observed? Engage critically
with these with reference to the literature. Choose one that you feel is particularly
effective in your subject and discuss the theories that underpin this effectiveness.
4. How can you tell if pupils are making progress in a lesson? Discuss with reference to
one or more observation tools how observation has helped your developing
understanding.
5. With reference to the literature on the value of reflective practice, consider the range
of tasks undertaken by teachers beyond teaching their subject. Why do these other
professional roles matter?

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of meeting the needs of Taiwanese teachers trained at the colleges and universities in Taiwan. This study combined both qualitative and quantitative methods, using a narrative case study methodology and survey questionnaire. This paper only presents the quantitative results to maintain the interest of target audience..

This project attempts to analyse whether creative teaching produces creative learning in the Key Stage 3 languages classroom by identifying effective teaching and learning strategies and any barriers to creative learning as perceived by the students in the Year 9 French mixed ability class I observed and taught during my second school placement and by languages teachers from that school. Data were gathered from questionnaires, interviews, observations, participation and teaching. The report concludes that creativity can come out in various ways and that sometimes it does not depend exclusively on the teacher. However, when the teacher advocates the use of creativity in the classroom, they are removing the boundaries that confine the students' imagination and sending off the message to the students that their classroom is a safe place to experiment and be creative.

Este artigo foca na construção de campo semântico em algumas atividades relacionadas ao ensino de línguas adicionais por meio de tecnologias em tempo de isolamento social no Reino Unido. Por campo semântico entende-se como sendo uma das variáveis do contexto de situação, definido pela Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional de Halliday (1978), responsável pela construção da experiência do mundo que nos cerca e do mundo criado em nossa consciência como resultante das práticas sociais vivenciadas. O objetivo é analisar como o campo semântico é construído por meio de unidades temáticas que têm como propósito ensinar o conteúdo programático estabelecido para o ensino básico no Reino Unido. O artigo apresenta algumas tarefas e discute seu propósito e funcionalidade em atividades virtuais no ensino remoto e destaca a importância da "prática espaçada" como forma de ajudar os aprendizes na construção do conhecimento linguístico em termos de vocabulário, estruturas linguísticas e aspectos culturais que entram em jogo no campo semântico.

The East Shabowah Oilfields in the Masila Basin are the most productive oilfields in the Republic of Yemen. The Masila Basin contains sediments of Jurassic and younger age. The Madbi Formation, an important regional source rock, is widespread and is encountered in the East Shabowah Oilfields where it consists of two units. The lower unit commonly consists of an argillaceous limestone and a basal sandstone, and forms a good reservoir in some oilfields of the Masila Basin. The upper unit is composed of laminated organic rich shale which is a prolific source rock in the Masila Basin. In this study, organic rich shales were analysed by means of organic petrographic and organic geochemical methods with the objective of evaluating the oil generating potential of the shales. Petrographic analysis was performed to measure vitrinite reflectance (%Ro) in reflected "white light" under oil immersion. Geochemical analyses include determination of total organic carbon (TOC wt%), bitumen extraction, gas chromatography and gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Based on the results of this study, the rocks were deposited under suboxic conditions in a marine environment. Good source rock potential is suggested by high values of TOC of 2.0-7.2 wt%, high extractable organic matter content, and hydrocarbon yields exceeding 8,000 ppm. Shale samples are thermally mature for hydrocarbon generation as suggested by %Ro values of 0.65-0.91%.

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Detailed correlation of reservoir sands is critical to field development and reservoir management. High-resolution biostratigraphy can provide this correlation by supplementing regional biostratigraphic markers with local bioevents, recognised from thin shales within reservoir intervals. This high-resolution data set could reduce risks in the drilling appraisal and development wells. Regional biostratigraphic markers are generally have a resolution of tens of meter or more. Though they permit regional correlation and mapping, they are too broad for correlation at the reservoir scale. Most reservoir objectives occur between these biostratigraphic tops. Therefore, a high resolution technique is necessary. An example of such application is in Tertiary reservoirs of the Bergading Field, Malay Basin where three regional and 59 semi-regional bioevents are used to enhance reservoir correlation. They comprise 43 palynological events i.e. mangrove and palynofacies events, and 16 marine events. These palynological events are believed to be caused primarily by changes in climate and relative sea level, while the marine events are caused by physical and chemical fluctuations in the seawater mass through time. Palynomorphs, foraminifera and nannofossils imprint these changes onto the accumulating sediments and yield reproducible signals that can be interpreted and correlated across the field. Recognising and documenting these bioevents are the principles behind high resolution biostratigraphy. When integrated with wireline logs and seismic, such signals produce a more refined correlation and subdivision of sediment packages at the reservoir scale.

A disciplinary offense is a set of behaviors of a person who exhibits disobedience and non-compliance with the rules, the order of norms of life prevailing in the absence of an inner awareness to achieve the learning objectives. The purpose of this study is to determine the causal factors behind the class XII SMA 'X' Batam students violated the discipline.This research was conducted using qualitative method with descriptive research type. In this research data collection is done by interview, observation and documentation. This study uses three components of data analysis techniques, the three components of data analysis used are data reduction, data presentation and verification or data deduction.Based on the data analysis found, the results showed that the students of class XII committed disciplinary offenses caused by several factors: 1) late school due to (a) sleeping late at night, (b) Conventional phase. 2) parenting patterns are due to (a) busy parents (b) low level of education (c) careless parents. 3) transfer students. 4) lack of motivation 5) learning methods that are less varied 6) truancy behavior due to (a) self (b) non-social environment.

 A disciplinary offense is a set of behaviors of a person who exhibits disobedience and non-compliance with the rules, the order of norms of life prevailing in the absence of an inner awareness to achieve the learning objectives. The purpose of this study is to determine the causal factors behind the class XII SMA ‘X’ Batam students violated the discipline.This research was conducted using qualitative method with descriptive research type. In this research data collection is done by interview, observation and documentation. This study uses three components of data analysis techniques, the three components of data analysis used are data reduction, data presentation and verification or data deduction.Based on the data analysis found, the results showed that the students of class XII committed disciplinary offenses caused by several factors: 1) late school due to (a) sleeping late at night, (b) Conventional phase. 2) parenting patterns are due to (a) busy parents (b) low level of educa...

With petroleum resources on the decline, oil and gas companies worldwide including Malaysia are on the lookout for unconventional petroleum accumulations. Part of this effort includes looking at older and deeper petroleum source rock intervals that could have generated hydrocarbons earlier that subsequently accumulated in older and deeper reservoir intervals. In Peninsular Malaysia, two main Tertiary petroleum systems exist (Madon et al., 2006; Tan, 2009). Madon et al. (1999) identified the Groups L and K lacustrine shales (Upper Oligocene-Lower Miocene), and Groups I and H fluvio-deltaic shales and carbonaceous/coaly shales (Lower-Middle Miocene) as the main petroleum source rock intervals for the Malay Basin. Deeper units such as sediments from Group M and pre-Group M (syn-rift) sediments are also believed to contribute to the petroleum system. The 2005 discovery in the south western part of the Malay Basin by the exploration well Anding Utara-1 penetrated a 220 m oil column in metamorphic rocks (Shahar, 2005). This is significant as it indicates the possibility of having hydrocarbon accumulations in older rocks. Such play is commonly referred to as the fractured basement play. It is believed that the Penyu Basin, which lies to the south of the Malay Basin, could potentially have similar plays as the basement there mainly consists of metamorphosed basalts and weathered tuffs (Fanani et al., 2006). However, the hydrocarbons for these fractured reservoirs, which are on basement highs are thought to be sourced from younger sedimentary rocks that are positioned lower/deeper in grabens. This study will evaluate the potential of older (i.e. Mesozoic and Palaeozoic) petroleum source rocks based on geochemical analysis of outcrop samples from Peninsular Malaysia. As the fractured basement play involves reservoir rocks that are of Cretaceous age or older, it is interesting to see if any organic-rich intervals from the Palaeozoic or Lower Mesozoic in Peninsular Malaysia could have contributed to earlier hydrocarbon generation. The characteristics of these rocks are described based on SRA (Source Rock Analyzer), organic petrography and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analyses. Estimations on the actual hydrocarbon potential in terms of quality and quantity will also be presented, based on the laboratory analyses results and understanding of the regional geology and tectonic history. Preliminary screening data from SRA-TPH/TOC (Source Rock Analyzer-Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon/Total Organic Carbon) of a black shale sample interpreted to be of Permian age from NW Peninsular Malaysia indicate that the shale has some remaining hydrocarbon potential. This has not been seen in other pre-Tertiary outcrop samples from Peninsular Malaysia. The present-day hydrogen index (HI) of this sample is still quite significant despite its maturity and age. If this is extrapolated back in time, the initial HI would be higher and was probably in the range that favours the generation of significant amounts of liquid hydrocarbons. The black shale sample was collected from the Kubang Pasu Formation in Beseri, Perlis, and is of probable Permian age. Black shale intervals are common in Palaeozoic rocks worldwide, including Malaysia (e.g. the Detrital Members of the Setul Formation and the black mudstone interbeds of the Kubang Pasu and Singa Formations). The global distribution and correlation of these Palaeozoic black shales indicates that their deposition was controlled by global events. Oceanic Anoxic Events have been suggested to be the main cause, where climate warming and high levels of CO 2 resulted in sluggish ocean water circulation, leading to stratified oceans and oxygen deprivation in deeper waters. Conditions were probably similar to the present day Black Sea, but at a worldwide scale. The high productivity, greater than normal accumulation and preservation of organic material in deep

Competency of poetry writing assessment is one of the significant keys that must be owned by teacher, especially the teacher with poet competency. This research analyzed the poetry teacher's role in authentic assessment of poetry writing based on Indonesian Senior High School students' perspective. The data were obtained from Senior High School students of language major in poetry writing class. The characteristics of the poetry teacher were gained based on the teacher's competency in publishing a national scale-poetry book. This work reveals that according to the student's perspective, poetry teachers did not involve the students in poetry writing assessment inhibited the authentic assessment of poetry writing. Therefore, the instrument of objective assessment of poetry writing could minimize the student assessment mistake so that the poetry teachers become facilitators as well as mentors in authentic assessment collaboratively undertaken with students.

Detailed correlation of reservoir sands is critical to field development and reservoir management. High-resolution biostratigraphy can provide this correlation by supplementing regional biostratigraphic markers with local bioevents, recognised from thin shales within reservoir intervals. This high-resolution data set could reduce risks in the drilling appraisal and development wells. Regional biostratigraphic markers are generally have a resolution of tens of meter or more. Though they permit regional correlation and mapping, they are too broad for correlation at the reservoir scale. Most reservoir objectives occur between these biostratigraphic tops. Therefore, a high resolution technique is necessary. An example of such application is in Tertiary reservoirs of the Bergading Field, Malay Basin where three regional and 59 semi-regional bioevents are used to enhance reservoir correlation. They comprise 43 palynological events i.e. mangrove and palynofacies events, and 16 marine events. These palynological events are believed to be caused primarily by changes in climate and relative sea level, while the marine events are caused by physical and chemical fluctuations in the seawater mass through time. Palynomorphs, foraminifera and nannofossils imprint these changes onto the accumulating sediments and yield reproducible signals that can be interpreted and correlated across the field. Recognising and documenting these bioevents are the principles behind high resolution biostratigraphy. When integrated with wireline logs and seismic, such signals produce a more refined correlation and subdivision of sediment packages at the reservoir scale.

Seldom do operating companies and service companies fully implement an integrated approach to resolve subsurface risks. While there may be many reasons for this, resolution of this potential problem can bring demonstrable results. The successful development of the Malaysian PM-304 Cendor field, previously considered marginal, proves that complete integration between geology and geophysics, operating company and partners, and the inclusion of service companies as part of an integrated team, can significantly reduce subsurface risks. The Cendor field recently came on production ahead of schedule, under budget with well results that met or exceeded expectations. This was due in large part to the resolution of subsurface issues that had previously been considered an impediment to commercial exploitation.

Percebendo por meio observações cotidianas a dificuldade que a maioria dos alunospossui ao aprender novas línguas e/ou assuntos que necessitam ser decorados (por conter nomesdifíceis ou parecidos), buscamos pesquisar a maneira mais eficiente para sua aprendizagem. Dentreos métodos existentes nos chamou atenção o SRS - Spaced Repetition Systems. Conforme nosapresenta Mace (1932), este método pode ser compreendido através de uma analogia entre oconhecimento e o alimento. O autor afirma que não consumimos uma refeição na segunda-feira quenos alimenta durante toda a semana, há um limite para nossa capacidade de assimilação imediata dosnutrientes. Da mesma forma que a alimentação, o conhecimento necessita de repetição e de umperíodo para sua consolidação. Outros artigos apontam que esse método é útil para a memorização delínguas estrangeiras. Para Carneiro (2018), “os SRS’s são ferramentas poderosíssimas dememorização e internalização de conhecimento e se usados corretamente, podem levá-...

In recent years, there has been a growing demand in the global labor market for proficiency in Chinese as a foreign or second language. Yet not much is known regarding how Chinese language education is provided by the U.S. schools in order to meet this demand. The present study investigated the competence that a Chinese teacher is expected to have as well as the qualification that currently in-service K-12 teachers of Chinese are actually possess. In addition, this research explored teaching philosophies, attitudes, pedagogy, challenges and needs for professional training among the Chinese teachers who are currently hired by U.S. K-12 schools. A concurrent mixed method design was employed in this study to collect both quantitative and qualitative data with a questionnaire from a sample of 45 Chinese teachers. Result showed that most U.S. K-12 schools have minimum and preferred qualifications specified for a long-term Chinese teaching position, however there is a gap between the pref...

Inclusion criteria • All the patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery A B S T R A C T Introduction: Infections that occur in a postsurgical wound are referred to as Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) which results in patient discomfort, prolonged hospital stay and increased cost. The present study was planned to determine the risk factors and incidence of abdominal surgical site infections and to formulate measures to prevent them. Material and Methods: A prospective, open label clinical study of 24 months duration was conducted on 100 admitted cases in the post graduate Department of Surgery, Rohilkhand Medical College, Bareilly to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with the abdominal surgical site infections in elective abdominal surgery. Results: The incidence of surgical site infection was 7% in present study. Open surgery have a significantly higher risk of SSI (4/30; 13.3%) as compared to other procedures (3/70; 4.3%) (RR=3.09). Laparoscopic procedures have been reported to have minimal SSI rate. Smoking was found to be significantly associated with a higher risk of SSI (RR=9.37). Significant association of time lag between shaving and surgery with SSI (RR=2.67). Relative risk of SSI (3.4) in patients above 50 years of age and ASA Grade>II. In majority of cases (85.71%) SSI was recorded on third post-operative day. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate (42.86%) followed by Pseudomonas (28.57%), E. coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusion: Open procedures, Smoking, Pre-op Hospital stay >1 day and ASA grade>II were found to be significantly associated with SSI. Mean duration of hospital stay of SSI patients was longer.

Este artigo foca na construção de campo semântico em algumas atividades relacionadas ao ensino de língua estrangeira por meio de tecnologias em tempo de isolamento social no Reino Unido. Por campo semântico entende-se como sendo uma das variáveis do contexto de situação, definido pela Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional de Halliday, responsável pela construção da experiência do mundo que nos cerca e do mundo criado em nossa consciência como resultante das práticas sociais vivenciadas.  O objetivo é analisar como o campo semântico é construído por meio de unidades temáticas que tem como propósito ensinar o conteúdo programático estabelecido para o ensino básico no Reino Unido. O artigo apresenta algumas tarefas e discute seu propósito e funcionalidade em atividades virtuais no ensino remoto e destaca a importância da “prática espaçada” como forma de ajudar os aprendizes na construção do conhecimento linguístico em termos de vocabulário, estruturas linguísticas e aspectos culturais que en...

In this paper the concept of collaborative learning is studied and illustrated in the dynamic between mezzo-systemic interinstitutional enactments of policies for partnership and collaboration between universities and schools offering pre-service teacher education programs and the micro-systemic level of inter-individual collaborative encounters between participants to the learning activity. The analysis uses conceptual and methodological tools of the Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT). Analysis is located in two programs for pre-service teacher education-one in the Western Europe (UK), the other in the postcommunist Eastern Europe (Romania).

A disciplinary offense is a set of behaviors of a person who exhibits disobedience and non-compliance with the rules, the order of norms of life prevailing in the absence of an inner awareness to achieve the learning objectives. The purpose of this study is to determine the causal factors behind the class XII SMA 'X' Batam students violated the discipline.This research was conducted using qualitative method with descriptive research type. In this research data collection is done by interview, observation and documentation. This study uses three components of data analysis techniques, the three components of data analysis used are data reduction, data presentation and verification or data deduction.Based on the data analysis found, the results showed that the students of class XII committed disciplinary offenses caused by several factors: 1) late school due to (a) sleeping late at night, (b) Conventional phase. 2) parenting patterns are due to (a) busy parents (b) low level of education (c) careless parents. 3) transfer students. 4) lack of motivation 5) learning methods that are less varied 6) truancy behavior due to (a) self (b) non-social environment.

Este artigo foca na construção de campo semântico em algumas atividades relacionadas ao ensino de língua estrangeira por meio de tecnologias em tempo de isolamento social no Reino Unido. Por campo semântico entende-se como sendo uma das variáveis do contexto de situação, definido pela Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional de Halliday, responsável pela construção da experiência do mundo que nos cerca e do mundo criado em nossa consciência como resultante das práticas sociais vivenciadas.  O objetivo é analisar como o campo semântico é construído por meio de unidades temáticas que tem como propósito ensinar o conteúdo programático estabelecido para o ensino básico no Reino Unido. O artigo apresenta algumas tarefas e discute seu propósito e funcionalidade em atividades virtuais no ensino remoto e destaca a importância da “prática espaçada” como forma de ajudar os aprendizes na construção do conhecimento linguístico em termos de vocabulário, estruturas linguísticas e aspectos culturais que en...

Since first discovery of oil on Khaur structure, oil companies have been actively looking for hydrocarbon in the thrust fold belts of Pakistan. A lot of regional work has been done to understand the evolution of thrust fold belts and development of individual structures. Most of the studies were focused on building a regional model based on plate tectonic, satellite imageries, surface geology, gravity, magnetic and seismic data. When it comes to developing detail understanding of individual structures, seismic data has been mostly restricted to making structure maps at reservoir level. In this paper we are demonstrating that special techniques like Spectral Decomposition and Inversion should be used regularly to build detail understanding of the structural and stratigraphic complexities involved within the individual structures. Working backwards this will result in refining our regional structural and stratigraphic model besides enhancing exploration and development capabilities of the area. Spectral Decomposition and Inversion was applied on a structure in Kirthar ISulaiman foldbelt. The results were encouraging and showed both structural and stratigraphic detail not seen on the conventional seismic.