Monographs

This chapter describes the diversity of problem drug use patterns across Europe, the different harms that may arise, and the implications for harm reduction responses. Harm reduction developed in response to concern about heroin injecting in the 1980s in western Europe. Since then, other patterns of problem drug use have increased and the geographical context has expanded. While heroin continues to present challenges, the problematic use of stimulants such as (meth-)amphetamine or cocaine, of other opioids such as home-made opiates or synthetic opiates, and of multiple drug combinations calls for innovative responses. These responses need to be flexible and based on consensus and cooperation between key actors, in particular from the health, social and law enforcement sectors.

Open Access book publishing in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) is on the rise. Initiatives are emerging on an international scale, ranging from providing Open Access to single titles to full-fledged Open Access book publishers. Most of these efforts, however, are still in the experimental phase, testing and developing new publishing and business models as well as tracking customer behavior both online and offline. Nonetheless, some trends and patterns are discernable.

This research has looked at a variety of initiatives and specifically at their publishing models, business models and publishing processes. Within these divisions, special attention has been paid to the nature of the content, the level of Open Access provided, the peer review and copyright policies and, finally, the strategies of collaboration. The Open Access book publishing initiatives analyzed in this report have been classified according to their publishing models, they have thus been categorized into commercial publishers, presses established by societies or academies, presses established by libraries, library-university collaborations, university presses, presses established by academics and press-commercial publisher partnerships.

Although Open Access book publishing is still in the start-up phase, the steady increase in experiments reflects a need for new (sustainable) business models in the field of HSS monograph publishing and greater experimentation with digital monographs. The reasons given for choosing Open Access book publishing range from missionary motives (opening up the whole of scholarship to a broader, international public whilst at the same time battling the negative perceptions that still beleaguer Open Access publications) to economic motives (easier and cheaper to experiment with digital techniques, resources and cost-sharing in strategic partnerships, saving the monograph from a print-based model that is no longer sustainable). The characteristics particular to the monograph, and to monograph publishing and funding, create their own challenges, which these experiments hope to resolve.

A few clear patterns emerge when we look at the collection of initiatives described in this report. First of all, the business models used are very straightforward, but also quite eclectic. Almost all of the experiments depend (substantially) on some kind of funding (internal, external, collaborative, project-based, structural, etc.). Moreover, they all hope to profit monetarily from the so-called hybrid model, offering the online version of the monograph for free in Open Access and charging a fee for the printed version. The eclectic nature of the models is due to the different kinds of funding they receive, but also to the fact that the hybrid model may not earn sufficient revenues in the long term. This has led to a variety of experiments with services that are either free or paid for on top of the available online content.

When it comes to the publishing model used, new forms of on- and off-campus collaborations and partnerships have become quite common in Open Access book
7publishing. The rise of the so-called library-press collaboration, the establishment or revamping of a new institutional player, the scholarly communications or publishing office, and the rising and ongoing significance of academics and academic departments (including ICT) in Open Access initiatives is characteristic of this development. These kinds of university-based cross-collaborations are very influential when it comes to the business models used, serving as good examples of efficient task allocation and resource and infrastructure sharing. But, besides these innovative publishing models, more traditional publishing models will also continue to survive in Open Access book publishing.

In the area of the quality control and peer review of Open Access books most of the initiatives insist on rigorous (double-blind) peer reviews and quality standards, thus attempting to counter the perception that Open Access publications are inherently of a lower quality. Alternative forms of quality appraisal, based on more open and alternative forms of peer review and utilizing download and usage statistics and bibliometrics are also being tried out. Some of these initiatives are very transparent about peer review policies, while others don't even mention their policies.

The publishing process in Open Access book publishing has benefited significantly from the rise of POD and digital printing techniques. Moreover, both the digital and print workflows are often based on shared infrastructures, depending, of course, on the publishing model used. These workflows are frequently based on the use of open source production and management environments. The large variety of current copyright policies reflects the uncertainty, the lack of information, as well as the different opinions regarding what actually constitutes an Open Access publication, never mind what is actually permitted under an Open Access copyright policy. All in all, there is still a great deal of trepidation among (Open Access book) publishers regarding the use of most open copyright licenses that are based on allowing derivative works and commercial re-use.

The sustainability of these initiatives and experiments is not the major focus of this report, because of their experimental status, and the uncertainty regarding what actually determines a sustainable business model (and whether we should be focusing on the sustainability of individual models or on the sustainability of the publishing system as a whole). One could say that, not unlike in a print-based model, (some kind of) funding remains essential. The pluralistic strategy that characterizes Open Access book publishing in the HSS, which is based on subsidies and institutional and government funding, and revenues from print sales and additional services, is not that different from the current printed book model. Funding has always been part of HSS book publishing and will probably remain a necessary part of (most) Open Access business models. A complementary approach, which considers publishing as an integral part of the costs of the research process itself may thus be necessary to make Open Access book publishing in the HSS sustainable.

General introduction Newcavac ITA-NEW Komarov La Sota NDV4-HR I-2 Type Inactivated Inactivated Live mesogenic Live lentogenic Live avirulent Live avirulent Immunogenicity Very good Very good Good Moderate Moderate Moderate Thermostability Moderate Moderate Poor Poor Very good Very good Production SPF eggs SPF eggs SPF eggs (sometimes) SPF eggs (sometimes) SPF eggs Eggs from minimal disease flock Foreign exchange required Yes Yes Yes, unless produced locally Yes, unless produced locally Yes No Route of administration Injection Injection Injection Eye drop, drinking water Eye drop, feed, drinking water Eye drop, feed, drinking water Transmissibility n.a. n.a. Yes Yes Yes Yes

This article questions the sustainability of the cur- rent print-based subscription model for publishing books in the Humanities and Social Sciences. The lack of availability and dissemination of the scholarly monograph (in print and digital), has led to a quest for new business models based on the Open Access publishing of books. The common charac- teristics of these new models are discussed and a new model for the funding and publishing of Open Access books is introduced. This model, developed within the OAPEN project, is based on an author- pays scheme and on the principle that research and the dissemination of research results should not be separated, as they both are essential elements in the scholarly communication process.

As is the case with the vast majority of cultural anthropologists, I began my field research working with adults. Becoming a mother changed my lifenot just my family life (of course), but also my career. Being pregnant, undergoing childbirth, and embarking on the awesome project of raising a child also raised for me countless questionspractical and emotional to be sure, but also intellectual. Along with the gift of a child came a second gift, the gift of becoming an anthropologist of motherhoodand, more generally, of parenthood, of caretaking, and of the object of all that affection and work, children themselves. In this essay, I look back on the difference that parenthood made in reshaping my scholarly perspective on social life, and in reshaping my teaching career in the academy as a mentor and a professor. I conclude by reflecting on the pleasures and challenges of forging an anthropological study of that tiniest and most sociologically invisible of human groups, infants.

In the European Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) there is fertile ground for the development of eMonographs published in Open Access. As this study shows, an increasing number of scholars in these disciplines are using digital resources and tools in their daily research practice, in their reading and writing, as well as in their teaching curricula. A substantial part of the scholars in these fields is open to innovations in publishing formats and regimes, most importantly concerning eMonographs and Open Access. Despite the fact that this openness is not equally common in all scholarly fields, there is a critical mass to buttress the Open Access publishing of eMonographs. Many scholars in the HSS see this newly developing form of publishing as an important contribution to their ambition to share their knowledge and research results with their peers and other potential readers, provided there is sufficient quality control.
These are the main conclusions of this study based on the direct consultation of some 40 experts from relevant groups of stakeholders in academic publishing, a review of relevant literature, data gathered from two round table discussions and an online survey that reached approximately 250 scholars in the Humanities and Social Sciences.

mdesivir (GS-5734) is a promising broad-spectrum experimental antiviral drug developed by Gilead Sciences. It is
a nucleoside analogue prodrug that undergoes rapid conversion into nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) by intracellular
metabolic processes. These NTPs inhibit viral polymerase
by acting as an alternate substrate. Initially, remdesivir was
developed to treat Ebola virus disease as it exerts antiviral
activity by inhibiting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. As
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is a common enzyme found
in all viruses belonging to the realm Riboviria, remdesivir
has the potential to be used as a broad-spectrum antiviral
against a wide range of viruses, which has been reflected in
several in vitro and in vivo studies in which it has efficiently
prevented the replication of viruses belonging to diverse
families such as Ebola virus, coronavirus, Zika virus and
Nipah virus. After qualifying preclinical efficacy and safety
criteria, remdesivir is currently in randomized clinical trials in
patients of Ebola virus and the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2

This is the manuscript version of chapter two of the book:

http://policypress.co.uk/exploring-the-production-of-urban-space

Chatper Summary
How did an isolated, tough, masculine, nondescript logging camp
with one rough and ready pub become transformed into an iconic
world city? How did the neighbourhood ‘written off in the early
1960s as a slum’ that should be ‘cleared to make room for a highway’,
become one filled with ‘high-end restaurants, condominiums, offices,
modern furniture’ and men’s clothing stores so ‘hiply minimal that it
makes a person’s teeth hurt’ (Bula 2011). A couple of chapters in this
type of book cannot provide definitive answers to all these questions.
The more modest objectives are to explore the recent histories of the
production of urban space and ramifications for city transformation in
that most iconic of Vancouver neighbourhoods, Gastown.

Abstract: As is the case with the vast majority of cultural anthropologists, I began my field research working with adults. Becoming a mother changed my life – not just my family life
(of course), but also my career. Being pregnant, undergoing childbirth, and embarking on the awesome project of raising a child also raised for me countless questions – practical and
emotional to be sure, but also intellectual. Along with the gift of a child came a second gift, the gift of becoming an anthropologist of motherhood – and, more generally, of parenthood,
of caretaking, and of the object of all that affection and work, children themselves. In this essay, I look back on the difference that parenthood made in reshaping my scholarly
perspective on social life, and in reshaping my teaching career in the academy as a mentor and a professor. I conclude by reflecting on the pleasures and challenges of forging an
anthropological study of that tiniest and most sociologically invisible of human groups, infants.

Résumé : Comme pour la majorité des anthropologues culturels, devenir mère a changé ma vie – pas seulement ma vie de famille (bien sûr) –, mais aussi ma carrière. Être enceinte,
donner la vie et se lancer dans le projet fou d‘élever un enfant a fait surgir en moi d‘innombrables questions – d‘ordre pratique et émotionnel bien sûr, mais également d‘ordre intellectuel. Le cadeau que représente un enfant s‘est accompagné d‘un autre, celui de devenir une anthropologue de la maternité – et, plus globalement, de la parentalité, de la prise en charge, et de l‘objet de toute cette affection et ce travail, les enfants eux-mêmes. Dans cet article, je me penche sur ce que la parentalité a changé dans ma perspective de recherche sur la vie sociale et dans ma carrière d‘enseignante à l‘Université en tant que mentor/maître de stage et professeur. Je conclus avec quelques réflexions sur les plaisirs et les défis que représente la construction d‘une étude anthropologique des êtres les plus petits et sociologiquement presque invisibles, les enfants.Mots-clefs : Anthropologie de la petite e

Harm reduction is usually used as an umbrella term to define interventions, programmes and policies that seek to reduce the health, social and economic harms of substance use to individuals, communities and societies. But definitions of harm reduction are also contested. At the same time, a variety of challenges face the development and implementation of harm reduction policies in Europe and elsewhere. We invited nine international experts to reflect upon harm reduction. Between them, they reflect expertise in international public health policy and development (including representatives of the World Health Organization and Global Fund), the health and social sciences, medical ethics and user involvement. Their topics focus on challenges regarding:

About DOAB

The Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) is a discovery service for Open Access monographs and a metadata dissemination service. DOAB provides a searchable index to peer-reviewed monographs and edited volumes published under an Open Access business model, with links to the full texts of the publications at the publisher’s website or repository. DOAB allows aggregators, libraries and other service providers to harvest metadata on Open Access monographs in order to integrate these in their catalogues and services.

About this report

This final evaluation and recommendation report is based on the user experiences, needs, and expectations as they emerged from the qualitative components (survey, workshop and online discussion platform) that were used to conduct the DOAB User Needs Analysis. This final public report, intended for the wider academic and publishing community, aims to advise in the establishment of procedures, criteria and standards concerning the set-up and functioning of the DOAB platform and service and to devise guidelines and recommendations for admission

Halštatske nekropole Dolenjske = Die hallstattzeitlichen Nekropolen in Dolenjsko / Janez Du Marija Javor Briški (tekst), Hanka Štular (katalog) ; risbe gradiva Dragica Knific Lunder ; kart Belak] Vrsta/vsebina znanstvena monografija Jezik slovenski, nemški Leto 2003 Založništvo in izdelava Ljubljana : Založba ZRC, 2003 (Ljubljana : Delo) Fizični opis 272 str., [94] str. pril. : ilustr. ; 30 cm ISBN 961-6358-97-9

This manual describes the procedures needed to produce and test live, thermostable avirulent I-2 vaccine against ND. It also discusses the handling of samples for confirmation of diagnosis of ND and the procedures used in conducting challenge trials with the vaccine. The manual is intended for laboratory technicians and scientists who need a step-by-step guide to I-2 ND vaccine production and/or testing. The information presented in this manual should assist national veterinary authorities interested in controlling ND in village chickens to decide if available resources and facilities will support local production of I-2 vaccine. It also presents information that will assist vaccine producers to prepare applications for registration of I-2 vaccine. The manual has six sections: 1. an introduction to ND and its control 2. general aspects of laboratory management and maintenance 3. techniques of I-2 ND vaccine production 4. testing of I-2 ND vaccine 5. practical aspects of vaccine distribution, including packaging, labelling, storage and administration 6. diagnosis of ND. Information on the preparation of reagents and solutions, registration of vaccine, and other useful reference information is presented in appendixes 1 to 8. Terms used throughout this manual are defined in the glossary in Section 8. This manual should be used in conjunction with its companion volumes Controlling Newcastle disease in village chickens: a field manual (Alders and Spradbrow 2001) and Controlling Newcastle disease in village chickens: a training manual (Alders et al. 2002). Yes Yes Yes, unless produced locally Yes, unless produced locally Yes No Route of administration Injection Injection Injection Eye drop, drinking water Eye drop, feed, drinking water Eye drop, feed, drinking water Transmissibility n.a. n.a.

In the European Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) there is fertile ground for the development of eMonographs published in Open Access. As this study shows, an increasing number of scholars in these disciplines are using digital resources and tools in their daily research practice, in their reading and writing, as well as in their teaching curricula. A substantial part of the scholars in these fields is open to innovations in publishing formats and regimes, most importantly concerning eMonographs and Open Access. Despite the fact that this openness is not equally common in all scholarly fields, there is a critical mass to buttress the Open Access publishing of eMonographs. Many scholars in the HSS see this newly developing form of publishing as an important contribution to their ambition to share their knowledge and research results with their peers and other potential readers, provided there is sufficient quality control. These are the main conclusions of this study based on the ...

The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of the Australian Parliament. Its primary mandate is to help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between ...

This essay provides an analysis of the way the cut and the practice of cutting have been theorised in remix studies through a diffractive reading of a selection of critical theory, feminist new materialist and media studies texts that specifically focus on the act of cutting. It then explores how the potential of the cut and related to that, how the politics inherent in the act of cutting, can be applied to scholarly book publishing in an affirmative way by exploring two cutting-edge book publishing projects, Living Books about Life and remixthebook.

This manual is in 9 sections. Topics covered are: importance of Newcastle disease in village chickens in developing countries; characteristics of Newcastle disease; collection and submission of samples for the diagnosis of Newcastle disease; control of Newcastle ...

The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of the Australian Parliament. Its mandate is to help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between Australian and developing country researchers in fields where Australia has a special competence. Where trade names are used this constitutes neither endorsement of nor discrimination against any product by the Centre.

In the European Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) there is fertile ground for the development of eMonographs published in Open Access. As this study shows, an increasing number of scholars in these disciplines are using digital resources and tools in their daily research practice, in their reading and writing, as well as in their teaching curricula. A substantial part of the scholars in these fields is open to innovations in publishing formats and regimes, most importantly concerning eMonographs and Open Access. Despite the fact that this openness is not equally common in all scholarly fields, there is a critical mass to buttress the Open Access publishing of eMonographs. Many scholars in the HSS see this newly developing form of publishing as an important contribution to their ambition to share their knowledge and research results with their peers and other potential readers, provided there is sufficient quality control. These are the main conclusions of this study based on the ...

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) was established by the Conference of Parties in 2002 to decrease the loss of plant diversity, reduce poverty and contribute to sustainable development. To achieve this overarching goal, the GSPC has established a series of targets, one of which is to ensure that plant diversity is well understood, so that it can be effectively conserved and used in a sustainable manner. Brazil hosts more than 46,000 species of plants, algae and fungi, representing one of the most biodiverse countries on Earth, and playing a key role in the GSPC. To meet the GSPC goals of Target 1 and facilitate access to plant diversity, Brazil committed to preparing the List of Species of the Brazilian Flora (2008-2015) and the Brazilian Flora 2020 (2016-present). Managing all the information associated with such great biodiversity has proven to be an extremely challenging task. Here, we synthesize the history of these projects, focusing on the multidisciplinary and...

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) was established by the Conference of Parties in 2002 to decrease the loss of plant diversity, reduce poverty and contribute to sustainable development. To achieve this overarching goal, the GSPC has established a series of targets, one of which is to ensure that plant diversity is well understood, so that it can be effectively conserved and used in a sustainable manner. Brazil hosts more than 46,000 species of plants, algae and fungi, representing one of the most biodiverse countries on Earth, and playing a key role in the GSPC. To meet the GSPC goals of Target 1 and facilitate access to plant diversity, Brazil committed to preparing the List of Species of the Brazilian Flora (2008-2015) and the Brazilian Flora 2020 (2016-present). Managing all the information associated with such great biodiversity has proven to be an extremely challenging task. Here, we synthesize the history of these projects, focusing on the multidisciplinary and...

This publication, shrubs and grasses for saltlands: an annotated bibliography', is a revised and expanded version of the book 'A bibliography of forage halophytes and trees for salt-affected lands' which was produced in 1990 by Shoaib Ismail and Rafiq Ahmad (Botany Department, University of Karachi, Pakistan) and Clive Malcolm (Agriculture Western Australia). previous publication had been undertaken as a component of two projects dealing with revegetation and reclamation of salt-affected soils in Pakistan,

Can also produce nervousness or anxiety and, in some Can also produce nervousness or anxiety and, in some cases, psychosis and suicidal thoughts cases, psychosis and suicidal thoughts ► ► Little evidence that stimulants cause physical dependence, Little evidence that stimulants cause physical dependence, but tolerance may develop upon repetitive use and but tolerance may develop upon repetitive use and withdrawal may cause discomfort and depression withdrawal may cause discomfort and depression ► ► ' 'Coke or speed binges Coke or speed binges' ' alternated with periods of

Harm reduction is usually used as an umbrella term to define interventions, programmes and policies that seek to reduce the health, social and economic harms of substance use to individuals, communities and societies. But definitions of harm reduction are also contested. At the same time, a variety of challenges face the development and implementation of harm reduction policies in Europe and elsewhere. We invited nine international experts to reflect upon harm reduction. Between them, they reflect expertise in international public health ...

Florida. Its mission is to provide information, education, and research directed to immediate and long-term enhancement and sustainability of international trade and natural resource use. Its scope includes not only trade and related policy issues, but also agricultural, rural, resource, environmental, food, state, national and international policies, regulations, and issues that influence trade and development.

The historical discourse is an important part of the identity of a human group. The Banat
Germans, one of the region’s ethnic groups, were very prolific about writing historical
monographs about their community. Despite this apparent diversity, these monographs
have a series of common traits, which display a sort of a mental pattern of the
authors and, implicitly, of the entire community. Thus, we can notice several historiographic
stereotypes, such as the Austrians’ freeing the Banat in 1716 or the Germans’
civilizing role played in the region. Another shared feature which can also be encountered
in other ethnic historiographies is the confiscation of suffering, meaning the presentation
of an author’s ethnic group as the only victim or the most victimized party in
the hardships of past historical periods. This feature is directly connected with ignoring
the others’ history.