MDE

Companies collaborate to seize opportunities as well as exchange documents and other types of resources. This is achieved by following business processes that are subject to evolution. Collaborative portals are web oriented solutions aimed at this need of collaboration. However, the development and maintenance of a collaborative portal is
non-trivial and remains hardly accessible for many  ompanies. As a consequence, the challenge is controlling the costs of maintenance and implementing new features. To circumvent these issues, it is possible to collect business requirements of the collaboration in a model and then generate automatically the corresponding collaborative portal. The model, in this case, must be accessible by the business actors and must express even the most complex aspects of the collaboration needs. This is the context of our work. Having not found a solution which corresponded to our requirements, we have developed a design approach of  ollaborative portals founded on the Model Driven Engineering. As for the description of our portals, we have  hosen to focus on the business modeling based on the business processes like starting point. Our solution relies on our meta-model MACoP (Modeling and Analysis of  ollaborative Portal). In this meta-model we have joined together accessibility and the expressivity, by proposing new concepts allowing the complete generation of collaborative  portals. The meta-model MACoP is accompanied by a  ransformations chain that makes it possible to pass directly from a MACoP model to the Python code of the collaborative portal.

These last years, the new technologies produce each day large quantities of data. Companies are faced with certain problems of collecting, storing, analyzing and exploiting these large volumes of data in order to create the added value. The whole issue, for companies and administrations, is not to pass by valuable information drowned in the mass. It is here where the technology of the "Big Data" intervenes. This technology is based on an analysis of very fine masses of data. It is interesting to note that there are several publishers who offer distributions ready to use for managing a system Big Data namely HortonWorks [1], Cloudera [2], MapR [3], IBM Infosphere BigInsights [4], pivotal HD [5], Microsoft HD Insight [6], etc. The different distributions have an approach and a different positioning in relation to the vision of a platform Hadoop. These solutions are the Apache Projects and therefore available. Yet, the interest of a complete package resides in the compatibility between the components, the simplicity of installation, support, etc. In this article, we shall discuss the world of big data by defining these characteristics and its architecture. Then we shall talk about some distributions Hadoop, and finally, we shall conclude by a comparative study on the top five suppliers of Hadoop distributions of Big Data.

A strategy for adaptive control and energetic optimization of aerobic fermentors was implemented, with both air flow and agitation speed as manipulated variables. This strategy is separable in its components: control, optimization, estimation. We optimized parameter’s estimation (from the usual KLa correlation) using sinusoidal excitation of air flow and agitation speed. We have implemented parameter’s estimation trough recursive least squares algorithm with forgetting factor. We carried separate essays on control, optimization and estimation algorithms. We carried our essays using an original computational simulation environment, with noise and delay generating facilities for data sampling and filtering.

Our results show the convergence and robustness of the estimation algorithm used, improved with use of both forgetting factor and KLa dead-band facilities. Control algorithm used in our work compares favorably with PID using the integrated area criteria for deviation between oxygen molarity and critical molarity (set point). Optimization algorithm clearly reduces energetic consumption, respecting critical molarity. Integration of control, optimization and adaptive algorithms was implemented, but future work is needed for stability. Methods were defined and implemented for stability improvement. We have implemented data acquisition and computer manipulation of air flow and agitation speed for actual fermentors.

A deluge of data is to be expected in the years to come. Nowadays, huge masses of data is produced every day. For example, if we take only social network users and the Internet of Things, we shall find that they generate large volumes of varied data that have to be transmitted , recorded and processed at high speed. These data are an important source of information that can improve the performance of predictions. Hence, the data are no longer in net structures, easy to consume, but they are represented in different types of structures, namely structured, semi-structured and unstructured data. At the Big Data architecture level, these different data sources are located in the Data Sources layer, which is the starting point for any further processing of Big Data. Indeed, this layer has a direct relationship with the Ingestion layer, which is in charge of validating, transforming, cleaning, reducing and integrating data that can be used later on by the Hadoop ecosystem. In this paper, we applied techniques related to Model Driven Engineering "MDE" to propose a universal Meta-modeling for both Data Sources and Ingestion Big Data layers. These meta-models are platform independent according to Model Driven Architecture pattern, which describes the structures of Data Sources and Ingestion independently from any specific platform.

Nowadays building a web application is still a complex process that requires a big effort to get several tasks done. This article presents a domain specific language aimed to simplify web application development by using it within a MDSD generation process, based on the construction and transformation of high level models from a domain structure viewpoint. this leads software development to focus on understanding the problem and doing a better business analysis, leaving the construction of the solution to a code generation process, thus reducing time and cost.

Big Data technologies are rapidly becoming a key enabler for modern industries. However, the entry costs inherent to " going Big " are considerable, ranging from learning curve, renting/buying infrastructure, etc. A key component of these costs is the time spent on learning about and designing with the many big data frameworks (e.g., Spark, Storm, HadoopMR, etc.) on the market. To reduce said costs while decreasing time-to-market we advocate the usage of Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), i.e., software engineering by means of models and their automated manipulation. This paper outlines a tool architecture to support MDE for big data applications, illustrating with a case-study.

Les entreprises ont de plus en plus besoin de collaborer suivant des processus métier. Les portails collaboratifs apportent une solution orienté web à ce besoin de collaboration. Cependant, leur conception et leur maintenance n'est pas trivial. La société Ecréall propose de concevoir, générer et maintenir complètement des portails collaboratifs à partir d'une modélisation centré sur les processus métier, et en suivant une approche IDM. Cette article présente la solution proposée par Ecréall à travers son métamodèle MACoP et sa chaîne de transformation ABSTRACT.

A disponibilidade de água em uma região está relacionada a sua presença em quantidade e qualidade necessárias para atender a demanda da sociedade. Nas últimas décadas, com a in-tensificação do processo de urbanização, a questão do saneamento básico se tornou preocu-pante. Grandes centros urbanos apresentam condições sanitárias precárias e os seus mananciais de abastecimento são afetados pela poluição dos esgotos ou pela perda de capacidade devido ao aumento das vazões de abastecimento. Há a necessidade de construir um planejamento integrado dos recursos hídricos e do saneamento ambiental, levando em consideração as diver-sas questões que influenciam e são influenciadas por esses. Com isso, a bacia hidrográfica foi considerada pelas Políticas Nacionais de Recursos Hídricos de Saneamento Básico como a unidade territorial de planejamento, necessária para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para a gestão desses setores. A partir desse contexto, o presente trabalho objetivou determinar e analisar as características fisiográficas das bacias hidrográficas do município de Ananindeua, localizado na Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB), com o intuito de proporcionar subsídios ao planejamento para gestão dos recursos hídricos e do saneamento ambiental desta cidade. A metodologia aplicada baseou-se em informações de imagens orbitais e modelos digitais de elevação (MDE) para caracterização dos aspectos pretendidos. Dessa forma, os resultados obtidos mostram que a cobertura vegetal vem diminuindo ao longo das últimas décadas; a mata ciliar é inexistente em vários trechos dos cursos d’água; as nascentes encontram-se sobre forte pressão da urbanização; e os parâmetros morfométricos das bacias são fundamentais para estabelecer critérios de planejamento de redes de esgoto e distribuição de água.

In this paper we show that the MDA can be considered as a software industrialization pattern (or a software factory). Nearly all industries today are haunted with how to reduce costs, improve quality, faster time-to-market and to maximize profits. These challenges are particularly relevant to the software industry, because it still lags behind other technology sectors as regards industrialization and the timely delivery of software products. Most software are still of poor quality, always finished after deadlines (most don't finish at all), and are very labour intensive. Here, we discuss the MDA as an approach that may help solving at the same time both problems of industrialization and ever-changing software infrastructures. We propose a MDA Engine based on a real case study in an IT services company. It is a proposal for a framework to create custom MDA tools, based on XMI, XSLT and the Visitor Pattern.

O sucesso de projetos na área da engenharia de software depende muitas vezes da aplicação das melhores práticas, de acordo com as características particulares do projeto e
do conhecimento técnico dos responsáveis por garantir seu sucesso. As metodologias ágeis estão se tornando uma grande aliada em projetos de software, cujo principal objetivo está em realizar as entregas de forma mais rápida e assegurar a satisfação do cliente. O presente artigo tem como objetivo desenvolver uma ferramenta para melhorar a gestão de solicitações da área de TI e avaliar a utilização do scrum em ambiente corporativo para maximizar o
retorno de investimento de acordo com as necessidades do negócio. Ao implantar a ferramenta de controle de solicitações, foi possível reportar as entregas para a gerência da TI e permitir aos coordenadores acompanharem o andamento de projetos e ativida es executadas. A adoção do scrum está sendo feita gradativamente e o sucesso da utilização depende do apoio dos envolvidos e já se percebe um maior comprometimento da equipe em aumentar a qualidade do serviço prestado. Apesar dos benefícios propostos pelo scrum, deve ser considerado o tempo necessário para sua institucionalização e assim aumentar a
satisfação dos envolvidos.

Nowadays, in the world of industry end-users of business rules inside huge or small companies claims that it's so hard to understand the rules either because they are hand written by a specific structural or procedural languages used only inside their organizations or because they require a certain understanding of the back-end process. As a result, a high need for a better management system that is easy to use, easy to maintain during the evolution process has increased. In this paper, the emphasis is put on building a business rule management system (BRMS) as a graphical editor for editing the models in a flexible agile manner with the assistant of ATL and Sirius frameworks within Eclipse platform. Thus, the proposed solution, on one hand, solves the problem of wasting resources dedicated for updating the rules and on the other hand it guarantees a great visibility and reusability of the rules.

Railway Signaling System aims at resolving interoperability problems of railway signaling and train control/-command. An European system is taken place to guarantee interoperability between international borders. Such complex systems require a high-level of safety. We propose an approach for modeling and verifying railway signaling systems. Our approach consists of graphical modeling such systems and automatically generating formal specification in Event-B. It is based on model-driven engineering techniques. We propose model-to-model transformation to generate Event-B model from UML class diagram profiled with safety and railways concepts. A textual Event-B code is also automatically generated using model-to-text transformation. The proposed approach allows to formally verify the safety of railway signaling systems based on model checking and animator tool.

Resumo Quantificar as consequências do escoamento superficial e grau de infiltração em bacia urbana permite avaliar o padrão de drenagem dos canais, a ocorrência de enchentes e erosões. O objetivo deste estudo foi estudar a hidromorfologia da bacia hidrográfica urbana do córrego Botafogo visando quantificar os parâmetros físicos e morfológicos que interferem no seu comportamento hidrológico. A metodologia utilizada no estudo foi o emprego de equações numéricas, além dos dados raster e vetoriais gerados em programa SIG, favorecendo a investigação dos parâmetros de linearidade, área, comprimento e hipsometria da bacia, revelando, assim, o comportamento da fisiografia da bacia e indicando os índices morfológicos que interferem na sua atividade hidrológica. As enchentes no Córrego Botafogo têm sido frequentes em decorrência do gradiente altimétrico (143 m) do corpo hídrico que nasce na cota 844 m e deságua na altitude de 701 m em relação ao nível do mar, indicando um relevo com pouco declive que contribui para a rápida concentração das águas de chuva no Córrego Botafogo e nos seus afluentes. A bacia do Córrego Botafogo é mal drenada (0,58 km-1), sugerindo portanto que a ocorrência de alagamentos tem relação com o relevo. Abstract Quantifying the consequences of runoff and degree of infiltration in an urban basin allows the assessment of channel drainage patterns, the occurrence of floods and erosion. The objective of this study was to study the hydromorphology of the urban watershed of the Botafogo Stream, aiming to quantify the physical and morphological parameters that interfere in its hydrological behavior. The methodology used in the study was the use of numerical equations, in addition to the raster and vector data generated in the GIS program, favoring the investigation of the parameters of linearity, area, length and hypsometry of the basin, revealing the behavior of the physiography of the river basin and indicating the morphological indices that interfere in its hydrological activity. Floods in the Botafogo Stream have been frequent due to the altimetric gradient (143 m) of the water body that is born at quota 844 and flows at an altitude of 701 m in relation to the level of the sea, indicating a slight slope that contributes to the rapid concentration of rainwater in the Botafogo Stream and its tributaries. The Botafogo River Basin is poorly drained (0.58 km-1) suggesting, therefore, that the occurrence of floods is related to the relief.

MDE-based approaches have been proposed as a solution to cope with the inefficiency of current design methods. In this context, our work defines meta-models for application, capturing functionality by means of processes communicating by ports and channels; platform, indicating available hardware/software resources; mapping from application into platform; and implementation, oriented to code generation and hardware synthesis. Differently from other approaches, our mapping meta-model does not specify only the allocation of application processes into fixed hardware components. Instead, it delimits a design space, determining all possible associations between processes and platform components. Transformations between meta-models implement the mapping, allowing the evaluation of possible implementations during a design space exploration process. This exploration is based on accurate estimates of the effects of each transformation, without requiring costly hardware synthesis and code generation steps. These are performed only for the final implementation, after all design decisions have been taken. We implemented our approach using the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) features, where our meta-models are captured by Ecore models and the transformation engine uses the MDDi-QVT plug-in. The application on a real case study validates the approach.

Este trabalho apresentou as técnicas utilizadas no mapeamento de precisão da dinâmica costeira de
curta duração como ferramenta estratégica aos estudos dos intensos processos costeiros sazonais atuantes
(erosão, transporte, balanço e suprimento sedimentares) em um trecho do Litoral Setentrional do Estado do
Rio Grande do Norte. Para isso, pontos amostrais planialtimétricos de Linhas de Costa (LC) e superfícies de
praia coletados em campo (trimestralmente) foram inseridos em uma base de dados digital georreferenciada,
sobre a qual foram gerados e representados os modelos de LC e Modelos Digitais de Elevação (MDE),
assim como de suas variações temporais. Os mapeamentos foram realizados nas componentes planimétrica e
planialtimétrica, sendo gerados os seguintes mapas temáticos: mapas intra-anuais das LC, gráficos das variações
das LC, mapas de áreas e volumes de erosão/acresção, MDE e fluxograma do balanço sedimentar. A análise
dos mapas temáticos permitiu a identificação e a medição das variações das LC e das áreas e volumes de
erosão/acresção, cálculo do volume e da orientação do transporte de sedimentos na LC e nas superfícies de
praias, além da análise do balanço e do suprimento sedimentares. Assim, o uso de técnicas adequadas de
mapeamento permitiu o melhor entendimento e análise da dinâmica costeira sazonal de curta duração.

Nowadays, in the world of industry end-users of business rules inside huge or small companies claims that it's so hard to understand the rules either because they are hand written by a specific structural or procedural languages used only inside their organizations or because they require a certain understanding of the back-end process. As a result, a high need for a better management system that is easy to use, easy to maintain during the evolution process has increased. In this paper, the emphasis is put on building a business rule management system (BRMS) as a graphical editor for editing the models in a flexible agile manner with the assistant of ATL and Sirius frameworks within Eclipse platform. Thus, the proposed solution, on one hand, solves the problem of wasting resources dedicated for updating the rules and on the other hand it guarantees a great visibility and reusability of the rules.

Within the GMT technology project (Generative Modeling Tools), an initial set of tools and artifacts for Global Model Management have recently been released under Eclipse. This paper presents the corresponding AM3 (ATLAS MegaModel Management) goals and contributions. AM3 is intended to provide support for modeling in the large, i.e. managing global resources in the field of MDE (Model-Driven Engineering). These global resources are usually heterogeneous and distributed. To access them without increasing the accidental complexity of MDE, we need to invent new ways to create, store, view, access, and modify the global entities that may be involved in developing a solution. To this intent, the notion of a megamodel (i.e. a model which elements are themselves models) is being used. This paper reports on the goals, the present state, and some future planned evolution of this Eclipse contribution.

Modeling of security and access control policies, along with their implementation in code, must be an integral part of the software development process, to ensure that the proper level of security in an application is attained. This dissertation proposes a framework for secure software design and coding. The base of the proposed approach is a set of security features, which are design components that realize specific security capabilities. Designers can select the features they require and compose them to yield a custom access control policy. To visualize security information, the framework provides a set of security diagrams, which are extensions to UML that depict security as a separate concern. The security design is transitioned into enforcement code that preserves separation of concerns. An essential property of the code is security assurance, to insure that the application code behaves consistently with the security policy. To provide security assurance, this dissertation formalizes the application behavior using labeled transition systems and structural operational semantics . Simulation relations [64] are used to demonstrate the correctness of the secure code with respect to the design.

During the past decade, there has been an explosion in the complexity of software applications, with an increasing emphasis on software design via model-driven architectures, patterns, and models such as the unified modeling language (UML). Despite this, the integration of security concerns throughout the product life cycle has lagged, resulting in software infrastructures that are untrustworthy in terms of their ability to authenticate users and to limit them to their authorized application privileges. To address this issue, we present an approach to integrate role-based access control (RBAC) into UML at design-time for permission assignment and enforcement. Specifically, we introduce a new UML artifact, the role slice, supported via a new UML role-slice diagram, to capture RBAC privileges at design time within UML. Once captured, we demonstrate the utilization of aspect-oriented programming (AOP) techniques for the automatic generation of security enforcement code. Overall, we believe that our approach is an important step to upgrading security to be an indispensable part of the software process.

Este trabalho apresentou as técnicas utilizadas no mapeamento de precisão da dinâmica costeira de curta duração como ferramenta estratégica aos estudos dos intensos processos costeiros sazonais atuantes (erosão, transporte, balanço e suprimento sedimentares) em um trecho do Litoral Setentrional do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Para isso, pontos amostrais planialtimétricos de Linhas de Costa (LC) e superfícies de praia coletados em campo (trimestralmente) foram inseridos em uma base de dados digital georreferenciada, sobre a qual foram gerados e representados os modelos de LC e Modelos Digitais de Elevação (MDE), assim como de suas variações temporais. Os mapeamentos foram realizados nas componentes planimétrica e planialtimétrica, sendo gerados os seguintes mapas temáticos: mapas intra-anuais das LC, gráficos das variações das LC, mapas de áreas e volumes de erosão/acresção, MDE e fluxograma do balanço sedimentar. A análise dos mapas temáticos permitiu a identificação e a medição das variações das LC e das áreas e volumes de erosão/acresção, cálculo do volume e da orientação do transporte de sedimentos na LC e nas superfícies de praias, além da análise do balanço e do suprimento sedimentares. Assim, o uso de técnicas adequadas de mapeamento permitiu o melhor entendimento e análise da dinâmica costeira sazonal de curta duração.

As cloud computing allows improving the quality of software and aims at reducing costs of operating software, more and more software is delivered as a service. However, moving from a software as a product strategy to delivering software as a service hosted in cloud environments is very ambitious. This is due to the fact that managing software modernization is still a major challenge; especially when paradigm shifts, such as moving to cloud environments, are targeted that imply fundamental changes to how software is modernized, delivered, and sold. Thus, in addition to technical aspects, business aspects need also to be considered. ARTIST proposes a comprehensive software modernization approach covering business and technical aspects. In particular, ARTIST employs Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) techniques to automate the reverse engineering of legacy software and forward engineering of cloud-based software in a way that modernized software truly benefits from targeted cloud environments. Therewith, ARTIST aims at reducing the risks, time, and costs of software modernization and lowers the barriers to exploit cloud computing capabilities and new business models.

Nowadays Cloud Computing is considered as the ideal environment for engineering, hosting and provisioning applications. A continuously increasing set of cloud-based solutions is available to application owners and developers to tailor their applications exploiting the advanced features of this paradigm for elasticity, high availability and performance. Even though these offerings provide many benefits to new applications, they often incorporate constrains to the modernization and migration of legacy applications by obliging the use of specific development technologies and explicit architectural design approaches. The modernization and adaptation of legacy applications to cloud environments is a great challenge for all involved stakeholders, not only from the technical perspective, but also in business level with the need to adapt the business processes and models of the modernized application that will be offered from now on, as a service. In this paper we present a novel model-driven approach for the migration of legacy applications in modern cloud environments which covers all aspects and phases of the migration process, as well as an integrated framework that supports all migration process.

During the past decade, there has been an explosion in the complexity of software applications, with an increasing emphasis on software design via model-driven architectures, patterns, and models such as the unified modeling language (UML). Despite this, the integration of security concerns throughout the product life cycle has lagged, resulting in software infrastructures that are untrustworthy in terms of their ability to authenticate users and to limit them to their authorized application privileges. To address this issue, we present an approach to integrate role-based access control (RBAC) into UML at design-time for permission assignment and enforcement. Specifically, we introduce a new UML artifact, the role slice, supported via a new UML role-slice diagram, to capture RBAC privileges at design time within UML. Once captured, we demonstrate the utilization of aspect-oriented programming (AOP) techniques for the automatic generation of security enforcement code. Overall, we believe that our approach is an important step to upgrading security to be an indispensable part of the software process.

Security assurance is a property that ensures that the application code behaves consistently with the access control policy specified at the design level. Security assurance proofs are valid as long as software engineers do not modify the generated code. This assumption does not hold in Round-Trip Engineering, since programmers may modify the generated code and the models are automatically re-generated. This paper proposes a round-trip engineering approach for access control that preserves security assurance both when generating code from models and vice versa. The approach is to extend programming languages' typing mechanisms with additional rules that ensure consistency between models and code, even when code is arbitrarily modified by programmers. This paper presents a formal description of the solution and an initial sketch of the required proofs of correctness. Ongoing work is the development of a prototype to automate most of the process and its validation in a case study.

Abstract:-The OMG's MDA (Model Driven Architecture) defines an approach to IT system specification that separates the specification of system functionality from the specification of the implementation of that functionality on a specific technology platform [1]. The MDA proposes automatic code generation from UML models. The MDA process is divided in 3 models: the PIM (Platform Independent Model), a system's model that has no platform considerations.

The objective of this research is to develop techniques that integrate alternative security concerns (e.g., mandatory access control, delegation, authentication, etc.) into the software process. The resulting model-driven framework preserves separation of security concerns from modeling through implementation, and allows security personnel to pick and choose security concerns to concerns promotes security assurance, and should result in a reduction of the security defects in the final system. To achieve separation of concerns at the modeling level, concern-specific languages are defined to capture alternative security concerns. At the implementation level, aspectoriented programming is used to integrate security concerns into an application's code, while preserving modularity. This composition seamlessly combines the chosen security concerns to realize an application's security infrastructure.

Abstract. Cloud computing has leveraged new software development and provisioning approaches by changing the way computing, storage and networking resources are purchased and consumed. The variety of cloud oerings on both technical and business level has considerably advanced the development process and established new business models and value chains for applications and services. However, the modernization and cloudication of legacy software so as to be oered as a service still encounters many challenges. In this work, we present a complete methodology and a methodology instantiation framework for the eective migration of legacy software to modern cloud environments. Key words: Cloud Computing, Legacy Software, Modelling, Migration, Methodology, SaaS AMS subject classications. 68M14, 68U01, 68U35, 90B25 1. Introduction. Nowadays, cloud computing [4] appears as one of the most popular and mature techno-logical and business environments for engineering, hosting and provisioning soft...

MDE-based approaches have been proposed as a solution to cope with the inefficiency of current design methods. In this context, our work defines meta-models for application, capturing functionality by means of processes communicating by ports and channels; platform, indicating available hardware/software resources; mapping from application into platform; and implementation, oriented to code generation and hardware synthesis. Differently from other approaches, our mapping meta-model does not specify ...

Model Driven Engineering (MDE) is a software development approach family based on the use of models in the software construction. It allows the exploitation of models to simulate, estimate, understand, communicate and produce code. This paper tries to introduce MDE and presents its actual state. It starts by explaining the industrial world need for such approaches, sheds light on MDE's principles, examines these principles in practice through a relevant alternative named Model Driven Architecture (MDA) of the Object Management Group (OMG), discusses Microsoft's Software factories and IBM's Manifesto MDA versus OMG's MDA and presents some challenges facing the success of MDE.

Context: Mobile BIS apps demand is increasing, with shorter time-to-market requirements, but their production faces problems, such as handling business rules concurrently, multiple platforms, localization and extensibility. Objective: Propose a generative approach for mobile BIS apps that will mitigate the identified problems. Method: We adopted the Design Science Research methodology, that helps gaining problem understanding, identifying systemically appropriate solutions, and in evaluating innovative solutions. Results: We identified the problem and its motivation, defined the objectives for a solution, designed and developed a prototype generative tool for BIS apps, demonstrated its usage and evaluated how well it mitigates a subset of the identified problems in an observational study. Limitations: Several issues are pending such as distributed business rules enforcement and the formalization of the required transformations from the PIM to several platform-specific models (PSMs). Conclusion: We intend to contribute for reducing BIS apps time-to-market, while improving the maintainability of those apps.