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Aitor Agirre

IKERLAN Technological Research Center, IoT, Senior researcher

IKERLAN Technological Research Center, Software Technologies, Department Member

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MsC. Electrical Engineering (1996) Dept. of Artificial Intelligence at Ikerlan (1998-2001)Master in Control Engineering, Automation and Robotics (2010)Dept. of Software Technologies at Ikerlan (2002-2015)Cyber secure IoT Team at Ikerlan (2016-)

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Papers by Aitor Agirre

A microservice-based framework for multi-level testing of cyber-physical systems

Software Quality Journal

In the last years, the use of microservice architectures is spreading in Cyber-Physical Systems (... more In the last years, the use of microservice architectures is spreading in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and Internet of Things (IoT) domains. CPSs are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical processes. The development of software for CPSs demands a constant maintenance to support new requirements, bug fixes, and deal with hardware obsolescence. The key in this process is code testing and more if the code is fragmented during the development of CPSs. It is important to remark that this process is challenging and time-consuming. In this paper, we report on the experience of instantiating of the microservice-based architecture for DevOps of CPSs to test elevator dispatching algorithms across different test levels (i.e., SiL, HiL and Operation). Such an architecture allows for a continuous deployment, monitoring and validation of CPSs. By integrating the approach with a real industrial case study, we demonstrate that our approach reduces significantly the time nee...

A microservice-based framework for multi-level testing of cyber-physical systems

by Aitor Agirre, Iñigo Aldalur, and Maite Arratibel

Software Quality Journal, 2023

In the last years, the use of microservice architectures is spreading in Cyber-Physical Systems (... more In the last years, the use of microservice architectures is spreading in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and Internet of Things (IoT) domains. CPSs are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical processes. The development of software for CPSs demands a constant maintenance to support new requirements, bug fixes, and deal with hardware obsolescence. The key in this process is code testing and more if the code is fragmented during the development of CPSs. It is important to remark that this process is challenging and time-consuming. In this paper, we report on the experience of instantiating of the microservice-based architecture for DevOps of CPSs to test elevator dispatching algorithms across different test levels (i.e., SiL, HiL and Operation). Such an architecture allows for a continuous deployment, monitoring and validation of CPSs. By integrating the approach with a real industrial case study, we demonstrate that our approach reduces significantly the time needed in the testing process and consequently, reduces the economic cost of the entire process.

Machine learning‐based test oracles for performance testing of cyber‐physical systems: An industrial case study on elevators dispatching algorithms

Journal of Software: Evolution and Process

Quality of Service Aware Orchestration for Cloud–Edge Continuum Applications

Sensors

The fast growth in the amount of connected devices with computing capabilities in the past years ... more The fast growth in the amount of connected devices with computing capabilities in the past years has enabled the emergence of a new computing layer at the Edge. Despite being resource-constrained if compared with cloud servers, they offer lower latencies than those achievable by Cloud computing. The combination of both Cloud and Edge computing paradigms can provide a suitable infrastructure for complex applications’ quality of service requirements that cannot easily be achieved with either of these paradigms alone. These requirements can be very different for each application, from achieving time sensitivity or assuring data privacy to storing and processing large amounts of data. Therefore, orchestrating these applications in the Cloud–Edge computing raises new challenges that need to be solved in order to fully take advantage of this layered infrastructure. This paper proposes an architecture that enables the dynamic orchestration of applications in the Cloud–Edge continuum. It fo...

A Component-Based Approach for Securing Indoor Home Care Applications

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 26, 2017

eHealth systems have adopted recent advances on sensing technologies together with advances in in... more eHealth systems have adopted recent advances on sensing technologies together with advances in information and communication technologies (ICT) in order to provide people-centered services that improve the quality of life of an increasingly elderly population. As these eHealth services are founded on the acquisition and processing of sensitive data (e.g., personal details, diagnosis, treatments and medical history), any security threat would damage the public's confidence in them. This paper proposes a solution for the design and runtime management of indoor eHealth applications with security requirements. The proposal allows applications definition customized to patient particularities, including the early detection of health deterioration and suitable reaction (events) as well as security needs. At runtime, security support is twofold. A secured component-based platform supervises applications execution and provides events management, whilst the security of the communications ...

QoS Aware Middleware Support for Dynamically Reconfigurable Component Based IoT Applications

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2016

Sensor web systems, cyber-physical systems, and the so-called Internet of Things are concepts tha... more Sensor web systems, cyber-physical systems, and the so-called Internet of Things are concepts that share a set of common characteristics. The nature of such systems is highly dynamic and very heterogeneous and issues such as interoperability, energy consumption, or resource management must be properly managed to ensure the operation of the applications within the required quality of service level. In this context, base technologies such as component based software engineering or Service Oriented Architecture can play a central role. Model driven development and middleware technologies also aid in the design, development, and operation of such systems. This paper presents a middleware solution that provides runtime support for the complete lifecycle management of a system consisting of several concurrent applications running over a set of distributed infrastructure nodes. The middleware builds up on top of a general purpose component model and is driven by a quality of service aware ...

Middleware-based Support for Reconfigurable Mechatronic Systems

IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2015

QoS management for dependable sensory environments

Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2015

Sensory environments for healthcare are commonplace nowadays. A patient monitoring system in such... more Sensory environments for healthcare are commonplace nowadays. A patient monitoring system in such an environment deals with sensor data capture, transmission and processing in order to provide on-the-spot support for monitoring the vulnerable and critical patients. A fault in such a system can be hazardous on the health of the patient. Therefore, such a system must be dependable and ensure reliability, fault-tolerance, safety and other critical aspects, in order to deploy it in real scenario. Also, the management of the infrastructure resources must be efficient and the eventual system reconfiguration must be reliably performed. This paper encounters some of these issues and proposes a component platform with specific support for several QoS aspects, namely fault tolerance, safe inter-component communication and resource management. The platform adopts the Service Component Architecture (SCA) model and defines a Data Distribution Service (DDS) binding, which provides the fault tolerance and the required safety-ensuring techniques and measures, as defined in the IEC 61784-3-3 standard. As a proof of concept, a distributed home care application that improves the medical assistance in case of fire detection is presented.

Distributed applications management platform based on Service Component Architecture

Proceedings of 2012 IEEE 17th International Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA 2012), 2012

ABSTRACT The increasing complexity in current distributed embedded systems (DES) makes its design... more ABSTRACT The increasing complexity in current distributed embedded systems (DES) makes its design a hard task that involves several aspects like distribution middleware selection, QoS support, implementation language selection, application dynamic reconfiguration or application deployment and maintenance. These design considerations must provide a solution to non functional requirements that distributed applications nowadays demand (e.g. Hardware heterogeneity, real time requirements, energy constraints, security, safety or fault tolerance). This paper proposes a management platform for distributed component based applications that follow the SCA (Service Component Architecture) standard. This platform provides several functionalities that range from application deployment and life cycle control to QoS and fault tolerance support.

Fault Tolerant Component Management Platform Over Data Distribution Service

1st Conference on Embedded Systems, Computational Intelligence and Telematics in Control, 2012

ABSTRACT Distributed Real Time Systems (DRTS) are evolving to a higher level of complexity in ter... more ABSTRACT Distributed Real Time Systems (DRTS) are evolving to a higher level of complexity in terms of heterogeneity, dynamism and QoS constraints, as they must interact with an increasingly demanding environment. In an scenario with distributed applications running over different hardware platforms and networks, middleware technologies that provide real-time or QoS support are gaining importance, as they ease the development and deployment of complex distributed applications in heterogeneous networks while ensuring certain time and QoS constraints. In this sense, distribution middleware technologies like Data Distribution Service (DDS) have emerged, adding extensive QoS support to traditional middleware advantages. This paper proposes a component based applications management platform built on top of DDS that provides an easy way to deploy, configure and manage component based distributed applications, while ensuring the fulfillment of certain QoS aspects. © 2012 IFAC.

Enforcing trust in home automation platforms

2010 IEEE 15th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA 2010), 2010

... aonix.fr Aitor Agirre, Antonio Pérez Ikerlan Arizmendiarrieta 2 20500, Arrasate {aagirre, ape... more

Ingeniería Basada en Modelos Aplicada a Sistemas Dinámicamente Reconfigurables

Model Driven Design Support for Mixed-Criticality Distributed Systems

Proceedings of the 19th IFAC World Congress, 2014

Nowadays, it is more and more usual that applications provide critical and non-critical functiona... more Nowadays, it is more and more usual that applications provide critical and non-critical functionalities, the so-called mix-criticality applications. One of the main challenges for developing such applications is to isolate both application types, in such a way that non-critical functionalities do not interfere with the critical ones. The use of virtualization techniques like hypervisors can help to meet this objective. Indeed, a hypervisor is a software layer that provides hardware virtualization allowing different functionalities to be executed in different partitions which are temporally and spatially isolated. In this context, this paper proposes the use of modeling techniques to generate an initial set of constraints to the partition design necessary for a set of critical functionalities that coexist with non-critical ones. Furthermore, the proposed modeling approach supports all the development cycle of the component-based non-critical applications, from the design to the automatic generation of the skeleton code of their components.

Achieving reconfigurable service oriented applications using Model Driven Engineering

ETFA2011, 2011

Service Oriented architectures are becoming very popular to meet the requirements of complex curr... more Service Oriented architectures are becoming very popular to meet the requirements of complex current applications demanding distribution and heterogeneity in open environments. In this sense, the iLANDARTEMIS project is aimed at the development of a service-based middleware framework capable of supporting deterministic dynamic functional composition and reconfiguration of networked embedded service oriented applications. The approach proposed in this paper uses

SCA extensions to support safety critical distributed embedded systems

2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA), 2013

QoS aware platform for dependable sensory environments

2014 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops (ICMEW), 2014

Sensory environments for healthcare are commonplace nowadays. A patient monitoring system in such... more Sensory environments for healthcare are commonplace nowadays. A patient monitoring system in such an environment deals with sensor data capture, transmission and processing in order to provide on-the-spot support for monitoring the vulnerable and critical patient. A fault in such a system can be hazardous on the health of the patient. Therefore, such a system must be dependable and ensure reliability, fault-tolerance, safety and other critical aspects, in order to deploy it in real scenario. This paper encounters some of these issues and proposes a component platform to develop a flexible framework with specific support for fault tolerance and safe inter-component communication related QoS aspects. The platform adopts the Service Component Architecture (SCA) model and defines a Data Distribution Service (DDS) binding, which provides the fault tolerance and the required safety-ensuring techniques and measures, as defined in the IEC 61784-3-3 standard.

Resource management support for SCA based distributed applications

Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Emerging Technology and Factory Automation (ETFA), 2014

ABSTRACT Current Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) must cope with complex requirements that involve di... more ABSTRACT Current Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) must cope with complex requirements that involve diverse hardware and software platforms, communication networks and middleware, legacy systems integration, programming languages, or tools and methodologies. Thus, one of the most challenging aspects in such systems is heterogeneity. On the other hand, such systems often integrate resource constrained embedded systems, and therefore they must optimize the available resources to meet specific constraints in terms of e.g. CPU usage or energy consumption.

Plataforma de gestión de aplicaciones distribuidas de seguridad funcional con tolerancia a fallos

Los sistemas distribuidos embebidos son cada vez más complejos en términos de flexibilidad, dinam... more Los sistemas distribuidos embebidos son cada vez más complejos en términos de flexibilidad, dinamismo, heterogeneidad y calidad de servicio (QoS). En el caso de los sistemas de seguridad críticos, se añade el obligado cumplimiento de ciertos requisitos de seguridad funcional especificados en los estándares de certificación. Esto ha motivado que la ingeniería de software basada en componentes (CBSE) desempeñe un papel cada vez más importante en el desarrollo de dichos sistemas. En este artículo se presenta una plataforma de gestión de aplicaciones distribuidas reconfigurables basadas en componentes y con requisitos de seguridad funcional y tolerancia a fallos. En concreto se proponen una serie de mecanismos que permiten implementar una capa de software de comunicación certificable y reutilizable, que provee una abstracción de los aspectos relativos a la distribución segura de datos y por tanto reduce considerablemente los costes de desarrollo y certificación de este tipo de aplicacio...

Passive Network State Monitoring for Dynamic Resource Management in Industry 4.0 Fog Architectures

2018 IEEE 14th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE), 2018

The use of technology from the information world in the factory is enabling the development of In... more The use of technology from the information world in the factory is enabling the development of Industry 4.0. This information and operation technologies convergence can be accomplished by the Fog paradigm, in which distributed devices collaborate among them. This paradigm allows to benefit from the main advantages of Cloud Computing but closer to the factory. Dynamic resource management is a widely spread concept in the Cloud. It selects how applications are deployed based on device resource availability. However, network resources are an important part of these distributed Fog architectures, and have to be considered in Fog resource management algorithms. This paper presents a method to obtain network metrics (latency and packet lose rate) in a distributed architecture focusing on being scalable and lightweight so that they can be used to enable new dynamic resource management algorithms.

Microservices for Continuous Deployment, Monitoring and Validation in Cyber-Physical Systems: an Industrial Case Study for Elevators Systems

2021 IEEE 18th International Conference on Software Architecture Companion (ICSA-C), 2021

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical... more Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical processes. The software embedded in CPSs has a long life-cycle, requiring constant evolution to support new requirements, bug fixes, and deal with hardware obsolescence. To date, the development of software for CPSs is fragmented, which makes it extremely expensive. This could be substantially enhanced by tightly connecting the development and operation phases, as is done in other software engineering domains (e.g., web engineering through DevOps). Nevertheless, there are still complex issues that make it difficult to use DevOps techniques in the CPS domain, such as those related to hardware-software co-design. To pave the way towards DevOps in the CPS domain, in this paper we instantiate part of the reference architecture presented in the H2020 Adeptness project, which is based on microservices that allow for the continuous deployment, monitoring and validation of CPSs. To this end, we...

A microservice-based framework for multi-level testing of cyber-physical systems

Software Quality Journal

In the last years, the use of microservice architectures is spreading in Cyber-Physical Systems (... more In the last years, the use of microservice architectures is spreading in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and Internet of Things (IoT) domains. CPSs are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical processes. The development of software for CPSs demands a constant maintenance to support new requirements, bug fixes, and deal with hardware obsolescence. The key in this process is code testing and more if the code is fragmented during the development of CPSs. It is important to remark that this process is challenging and time-consuming. In this paper, we report on the experience of instantiating of the microservice-based architecture for DevOps of CPSs to test elevator dispatching algorithms across different test levels (i.e., SiL, HiL and Operation). Such an architecture allows for a continuous deployment, monitoring and validation of CPSs. By integrating the approach with a real industrial case study, we demonstrate that our approach reduces significantly the time nee...

A microservice-based framework for multi-level testing of cyber-physical systems

by Aitor Agirre, Iñigo Aldalur, and Maite Arratibel

Software Quality Journal, 2023

In the last years, the use of microservice architectures is spreading in Cyber-Physical Systems (... more In the last years, the use of microservice architectures is spreading in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and Internet of Things (IoT) domains. CPSs are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical processes. The development of software for CPSs demands a constant maintenance to support new requirements, bug fixes, and deal with hardware obsolescence. The key in this process is code testing and more if the code is fragmented during the development of CPSs. It is important to remark that this process is challenging and time-consuming. In this paper, we report on the experience of instantiating of the microservice-based architecture for DevOps of CPSs to test elevator dispatching algorithms across different test levels (i.e., SiL, HiL and Operation). Such an architecture allows for a continuous deployment, monitoring and validation of CPSs. By integrating the approach with a real industrial case study, we demonstrate that our approach reduces significantly the time needed in the testing process and consequently, reduces the economic cost of the entire process.

Machine learning‐based test oracles for performance testing of cyber‐physical systems: An industrial case study on elevators dispatching algorithms

Journal of Software: Evolution and Process

Quality of Service Aware Orchestration for Cloud–Edge Continuum Applications

Sensors

The fast growth in the amount of connected devices with computing capabilities in the past years ... more The fast growth in the amount of connected devices with computing capabilities in the past years has enabled the emergence of a new computing layer at the Edge. Despite being resource-constrained if compared with cloud servers, they offer lower latencies than those achievable by Cloud computing. The combination of both Cloud and Edge computing paradigms can provide a suitable infrastructure for complex applications’ quality of service requirements that cannot easily be achieved with either of these paradigms alone. These requirements can be very different for each application, from achieving time sensitivity or assuring data privacy to storing and processing large amounts of data. Therefore, orchestrating these applications in the Cloud–Edge computing raises new challenges that need to be solved in order to fully take advantage of this layered infrastructure. This paper proposes an architecture that enables the dynamic orchestration of applications in the Cloud–Edge continuum. It fo...

A Component-Based Approach for Securing Indoor Home Care Applications

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 26, 2017

eHealth systems have adopted recent advances on sensing technologies together with advances in in... more eHealth systems have adopted recent advances on sensing technologies together with advances in information and communication technologies (ICT) in order to provide people-centered services that improve the quality of life of an increasingly elderly population. As these eHealth services are founded on the acquisition and processing of sensitive data (e.g., personal details, diagnosis, treatments and medical history), any security threat would damage the public's confidence in them. This paper proposes a solution for the design and runtime management of indoor eHealth applications with security requirements. The proposal allows applications definition customized to patient particularities, including the early detection of health deterioration and suitable reaction (events) as well as security needs. At runtime, security support is twofold. A secured component-based platform supervises applications execution and provides events management, whilst the security of the communications ...

QoS Aware Middleware Support for Dynamically Reconfigurable Component Based IoT Applications

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2016

Sensor web systems, cyber-physical systems, and the so-called Internet of Things are concepts tha... more Sensor web systems, cyber-physical systems, and the so-called Internet of Things are concepts that share a set of common characteristics. The nature of such systems is highly dynamic and very heterogeneous and issues such as interoperability, energy consumption, or resource management must be properly managed to ensure the operation of the applications within the required quality of service level. In this context, base technologies such as component based software engineering or Service Oriented Architecture can play a central role. Model driven development and middleware technologies also aid in the design, development, and operation of such systems. This paper presents a middleware solution that provides runtime support for the complete lifecycle management of a system consisting of several concurrent applications running over a set of distributed infrastructure nodes. The middleware builds up on top of a general purpose component model and is driven by a quality of service aware ...

Middleware-based Support for Reconfigurable Mechatronic Systems

IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2015

QoS management for dependable sensory environments

Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2015

Sensory environments for healthcare are commonplace nowadays. A patient monitoring system in such... more Sensory environments for healthcare are commonplace nowadays. A patient monitoring system in such an environment deals with sensor data capture, transmission and processing in order to provide on-the-spot support for monitoring the vulnerable and critical patients. A fault in such a system can be hazardous on the health of the patient. Therefore, such a system must be dependable and ensure reliability, fault-tolerance, safety and other critical aspects, in order to deploy it in real scenario. Also, the management of the infrastructure resources must be efficient and the eventual system reconfiguration must be reliably performed. This paper encounters some of these issues and proposes a component platform with specific support for several QoS aspects, namely fault tolerance, safe inter-component communication and resource management. The platform adopts the Service Component Architecture (SCA) model and defines a Data Distribution Service (DDS) binding, which provides the fault tolerance and the required safety-ensuring techniques and measures, as defined in the IEC 61784-3-3 standard. As a proof of concept, a distributed home care application that improves the medical assistance in case of fire detection is presented.

Distributed applications management platform based on Service Component Architecture

Proceedings of 2012 IEEE 17th International Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA 2012), 2012

ABSTRACT The increasing complexity in current distributed embedded systems (DES) makes its design... more ABSTRACT The increasing complexity in current distributed embedded systems (DES) makes its design a hard task that involves several aspects like distribution middleware selection, QoS support, implementation language selection, application dynamic reconfiguration or application deployment and maintenance. These design considerations must provide a solution to non functional requirements that distributed applications nowadays demand (e.g. Hardware heterogeneity, real time requirements, energy constraints, security, safety or fault tolerance). This paper proposes a management platform for distributed component based applications that follow the SCA (Service Component Architecture) standard. This platform provides several functionalities that range from application deployment and life cycle control to QoS and fault tolerance support.

Fault Tolerant Component Management Platform Over Data Distribution Service

1st Conference on Embedded Systems, Computational Intelligence and Telematics in Control, 2012

ABSTRACT Distributed Real Time Systems (DRTS) are evolving to a higher level of complexity in ter... more ABSTRACT Distributed Real Time Systems (DRTS) are evolving to a higher level of complexity in terms of heterogeneity, dynamism and QoS constraints, as they must interact with an increasingly demanding environment. In an scenario with distributed applications running over different hardware platforms and networks, middleware technologies that provide real-time or QoS support are gaining importance, as they ease the development and deployment of complex distributed applications in heterogeneous networks while ensuring certain time and QoS constraints. In this sense, distribution middleware technologies like Data Distribution Service (DDS) have emerged, adding extensive QoS support to traditional middleware advantages. This paper proposes a component based applications management platform built on top of DDS that provides an easy way to deploy, configure and manage component based distributed applications, while ensuring the fulfillment of certain QoS aspects. © 2012 IFAC.

Enforcing trust in home automation platforms

2010 IEEE 15th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA 2010), 2010

... aonix.fr Aitor Agirre, Antonio Pérez Ikerlan Arizmendiarrieta 2 20500, Arrasate {aagirre, ape... more

Ingeniería Basada en Modelos Aplicada a Sistemas Dinámicamente Reconfigurables

Model Driven Design Support for Mixed-Criticality Distributed Systems

Proceedings of the 19th IFAC World Congress, 2014

Nowadays, it is more and more usual that applications provide critical and non-critical functiona... more Nowadays, it is more and more usual that applications provide critical and non-critical functionalities, the so-called mix-criticality applications. One of the main challenges for developing such applications is to isolate both application types, in such a way that non-critical functionalities do not interfere with the critical ones. The use of virtualization techniques like hypervisors can help to meet this objective. Indeed, a hypervisor is a software layer that provides hardware virtualization allowing different functionalities to be executed in different partitions which are temporally and spatially isolated. In this context, this paper proposes the use of modeling techniques to generate an initial set of constraints to the partition design necessary for a set of critical functionalities that coexist with non-critical ones. Furthermore, the proposed modeling approach supports all the development cycle of the component-based non-critical applications, from the design to the automatic generation of the skeleton code of their components.

Achieving reconfigurable service oriented applications using Model Driven Engineering

ETFA2011, 2011

Service Oriented architectures are becoming very popular to meet the requirements of complex curr... more Service Oriented architectures are becoming very popular to meet the requirements of complex current applications demanding distribution and heterogeneity in open environments. In this sense, the iLANDARTEMIS project is aimed at the development of a service-based middleware framework capable of supporting deterministic dynamic functional composition and reconfiguration of networked embedded service oriented applications. The approach proposed in this paper uses

SCA extensions to support safety critical distributed embedded systems

2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA), 2013

QoS aware platform for dependable sensory environments

2014 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops (ICMEW), 2014

Sensory environments for healthcare are commonplace nowadays. A patient monitoring system in such... more Sensory environments for healthcare are commonplace nowadays. A patient monitoring system in such an environment deals with sensor data capture, transmission and processing in order to provide on-the-spot support for monitoring the vulnerable and critical patient. A fault in such a system can be hazardous on the health of the patient. Therefore, such a system must be dependable and ensure reliability, fault-tolerance, safety and other critical aspects, in order to deploy it in real scenario. This paper encounters some of these issues and proposes a component platform to develop a flexible framework with specific support for fault tolerance and safe inter-component communication related QoS aspects. The platform adopts the Service Component Architecture (SCA) model and defines a Data Distribution Service (DDS) binding, which provides the fault tolerance and the required safety-ensuring techniques and measures, as defined in the IEC 61784-3-3 standard.

Resource management support for SCA based distributed applications

Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Emerging Technology and Factory Automation (ETFA), 2014

ABSTRACT Current Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) must cope with complex requirements that involve di... more ABSTRACT Current Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) must cope with complex requirements that involve diverse hardware and software platforms, communication networks and middleware, legacy systems integration, programming languages, or tools and methodologies. Thus, one of the most challenging aspects in such systems is heterogeneity. On the other hand, such systems often integrate resource constrained embedded systems, and therefore they must optimize the available resources to meet specific constraints in terms of e.g. CPU usage or energy consumption.

Plataforma de gestión de aplicaciones distribuidas de seguridad funcional con tolerancia a fallos

Los sistemas distribuidos embebidos son cada vez más complejos en términos de flexibilidad, dinam... more Los sistemas distribuidos embebidos son cada vez más complejos en términos de flexibilidad, dinamismo, heterogeneidad y calidad de servicio (QoS). En el caso de los sistemas de seguridad críticos, se añade el obligado cumplimiento de ciertos requisitos de seguridad funcional especificados en los estándares de certificación. Esto ha motivado que la ingeniería de software basada en componentes (CBSE) desempeñe un papel cada vez más importante en el desarrollo de dichos sistemas. En este artículo se presenta una plataforma de gestión de aplicaciones distribuidas reconfigurables basadas en componentes y con requisitos de seguridad funcional y tolerancia a fallos. En concreto se proponen una serie de mecanismos que permiten implementar una capa de software de comunicación certificable y reutilizable, que provee una abstracción de los aspectos relativos a la distribución segura de datos y por tanto reduce considerablemente los costes de desarrollo y certificación de este tipo de aplicacio...

Passive Network State Monitoring for Dynamic Resource Management in Industry 4.0 Fog Architectures

2018 IEEE 14th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE), 2018

The use of technology from the information world in the factory is enabling the development of In... more The use of technology from the information world in the factory is enabling the development of Industry 4.0. This information and operation technologies convergence can be accomplished by the Fog paradigm, in which distributed devices collaborate among them. This paradigm allows to benefit from the main advantages of Cloud Computing but closer to the factory. Dynamic resource management is a widely spread concept in the Cloud. It selects how applications are deployed based on device resource availability. However, network resources are an important part of these distributed Fog architectures, and have to be considered in Fog resource management algorithms. This paper presents a method to obtain network metrics (latency and packet lose rate) in a distributed architecture focusing on being scalable and lightweight so that they can be used to enable new dynamic resource management algorithms.

Microservices for Continuous Deployment, Monitoring and Validation in Cyber-Physical Systems: an Industrial Case Study for Elevators Systems

2021 IEEE 18th International Conference on Software Architecture Companion (ICSA-C), 2021

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical... more Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical processes. The software embedded in CPSs has a long life-cycle, requiring constant evolution to support new requirements, bug fixes, and deal with hardware obsolescence. To date, the development of software for CPSs is fragmented, which makes it extremely expensive. This could be substantially enhanced by tightly connecting the development and operation phases, as is done in other software engineering domains (e.g., web engineering through DevOps). Nevertheless, there are still complex issues that make it difficult to use DevOps techniques in the CPS domain, such as those related to hardware-software co-design. To pave the way towards DevOps in the CPS domain, in this paper we instantiate part of the reference architecture presented in the H2020 Adeptness project, which is based on microservices that allow for the continuous deployment, monitoring and validation of CPSs. To this end, we...