2016 IEEE International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE), 2016
Systems engineers build systems that affect society in many ways. However, few engineers are able... more Systems engineers build systems that affect society in many ways. However, few engineers are able to develop systems taking into account the diversity of human and society factors, and the relationship between society and technology. In Brazil, engineering schools are not prepared to teach their systems engineering students to engineer systems considering the complexity of these factors and relationships. This happens because engineering education is based on classical science, and, as a consequence, the reductionist view of the problems to be engineered. This paper presents a proposal to change the systems engineering education, as a way to prepare systems engineers to deal with the understanding that is necessary to engineer systems that take into account the complexity of the human and society factors, and the complexity of the relationship between society and technology.
Resumo Esse trabalho apresenta uma contribuição ao pequeno empresário da área de eletrônica que d... more Resumo Esse trabalho apresenta uma contribuição ao pequeno empresário da área de eletrônica que deseja aumentar a qualidade de fornecimentos a seus clientes de maneira metodológica utilizando um modelo de sistema da qualidade baseado em modelos originalmente desenvolvidos para grandes empresas e projetos.
Advances in intelligent systems and computing, 2019
IoT services need to be accessed by their users anytime and anywhere, regardless of the access ne... more IoT services need to be accessed by their users anytime and anywhere, regardless of the access network technology or user device. These requirements bring several challenges to the design, development, and operation of IoT systems. To develop these systems, engineers must deal with multiple device technologies, engineering standards, human factors, business processes, and sustainability issues. The successful implementation of IoT systems requires more than engineers’ technical skills; it is necessary to understand the management issues of the engineering effort. IoT systems have several dimensions, which demands a systemic management process to promote the system as a whole. We need to identify the relevant issues of the IoT project to properly execute it, dealing with the risks and barriers of implementation and operation. To identify the project feasibility barriers and the managerial approach to IoT projects, we use two frameworks: BRICS Mosaic model and NCTP framework. They are models that apply the experience of engineers and the analysis of application scenarios to identify barriers to IoT solutions and the managerial approach to steer the solution.
Advances in intelligent systems and computing, Oct 10, 2019
In the current education, there are several analytics strategies to support educators in the moni... more In the current education, there are several analytics strategies to support educators in the monitoring and analysis of course events. The systems used to explore the raw data about facts and processes in courses contexts include humans and Information and Communication Technology. These sociotechnical systems are environments that enable collaborative work among humans and between humans and computer agents. These environments have features that dare technological determinism in order to develop innovative situation awareness and decision support approaches. This work is about System Thinking and Meta-design to support sociotechnical environments in which the management process of the Learning Analysis considers humans factors, adding value to learning processes.
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)
Privacy is a crucial issue to be discussed, defined, and specified in any system. There is a lack... more Privacy is a crucial issue to be discussed, defined, and specified in any system. There is a lack of resources offering a decision-making context that enables identification of the perceived situation according to users' data contained by the systems. All the available data should be understandable for all stakeholders; many of them have no technical background. This paper proposes a framework based on a traditional psychological tool and discusses its application to a real case to evaluate its practical application. It recognizes that there are four privacy domains to improve how systems stakeholders explore, perceive, and understand privacy situations, supporting decisions about access to personal data. The perceived situation has multiple views, according to who accesses and uses other people's personal data, and according to the person who provides the data, even if this person has explicitly granted access to them. There are different purposes and values involved, which demands a clear and deliberate approach.
2020 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon), 2020
Requirements Engineering teaching for new and experienced Information Technology professionals is... more Requirements Engineering teaching for new and experienced Information Technology professionals is a challenge. The pressure of the short-term development culture forces IT professionals to dedicate less time than necessary to both learning and executing the whole Requirements Engineering process. As a way of enabling training these professionals in Requirements Engineering, considering both agile and traditional approaches, this paper presents an innovative approach, which combines cases, discussion, and real experiences. The training contributes to enabling IT professionals to develop a system view of the requirements concerns, promoting a single vision of the different parts of a software system.
2019 International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE), 2019
Sociotechnical systems are those in which people, institutions, communities, and electronic infra... more Sociotechnical systems are those in which people, institutions, communities, and electronic infrastructures are interconnected. Hidden interdependencies, unknown vulnerabilities, or unforeseen situations that arise from the context of the operation of these systems may compromise their performance. A critical characteristic of resilience in sociotechnical systems is recovering from adversities. However, as crucial as recovering from adversities, sociotechnical systems need to be antifragile, not only recovering from adversities but also growing stronger in the face of adversity. This work is about going beyond the approach of design systems to meet the known requirements, which leads to fragile systems. New design philosophies are required to developed sociotechnical systems, systems philosophies that enable systems to learn, adapt, and improve themselves to unforeseen events.
2018 IEEE International Systems Engineering Symposium (ISSE), 2018
Variations in the performance of sociotechnical systems due to the human component present in the... more Variations in the performance of sociotechnical systems due to the human component present in these systems are not yet adequately addressed. Understanding the impacts of human activity on these systems requires an interconnected study linking people, institutions, communities, and electronic infrastructures to capture the hidden interdependencies, the unplanned vulnerabilities, and the sources of risk that may compromise the performance of the system as a whole. Sociotechnical systems need constant monitoring of their performance, and also need to have the ability to adjust themselves to anticipate and to respond to unforeseen situations that arise from the conjunction of several factors present in the context of their use, and thus, sustain their performance under expected and unexpected conditions. This work is about a critical characteristic of resilience in sociotechnical systems, the characteristic associated with the concept of “recovering” from adversities.
Communication and integration are the basis of collaborative learning; digital tools can provide ... more Communication and integration are the basis of collaborative learning; digital tools can provide the necessary environment to promote learners’ participation in educational activities. We have the premise that people are resistant to changes, especially to change the virtual environment they already use. Consequently, the educational environment must not impose technologies that can go against people’s beliefs and customs; this is especially true when leaners are IT professionals, who believe that their choice of technology and tools are the best. This work presents the way our online course works: Systems Engineering and Sociotechnical Systems for IT Professionals. It is a digital collaborative environment that only needs an internet connection, collaborative text editing tools, a camera, and a participatory, trustworthy, and committed learner.
O artigo explora o processo de mudanca pelo qual os professores universitarios devem passar, se q... more O artigo explora o processo de mudanca pelo qual os professores universitarios devem passar, se quisemos que eles se tornem fluentes nas abordagens da educacao aberta. Por meio de uma revisao da literatura e de um conjunto de entrevistas com diversos especialistas no campo de Recursos Educacionais Abertos e educacao aberta, temos desenvolvido uma definicao original do educador aberto, levando em consideracao os objetos — recursos educacionais — e as praticas — design, abordagens pedagogicas e de avaliacao — das atividades do professor. Trabalhando na definicao com os especialistas que entrevistamos, concluimos que a definicao poderia ajudar os tomadores de decisoes politicas e institucionais, assim como a comunidade de pesquisa na area da educacao aberta, uma vez que ajudaria a definir a meta para as acoes de desenvolvimento de capacidade dos professores no campo.
Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2018, 2018
In an e-Learning environment, collaborative learning raises questions that lead us to reflect on ... more In an e-Learning environment, collaborative learning raises questions that lead us to reflect on the challenges posed to teachers to promote their engagement and the engagement of their learners in a real collaborative teaching-learning process, allowing the emergence of a productive virtual learning community, in which there are sharing of knowledge and socio-pedagogical relationships. The critical issue of this process is not the technology itself since it undergoes constant updating and modification. Technical problems whose solutions are not yet available, or are precarious, can be solved or optimized in a short time; even shorter than the time available for developing this work. Technology should be valued only as a communication channel, what matters are the ways teachers use technologies to interact with learners. The teacher-learner relationship is complex both in online and face-to-face teaching situations, as human behavior is always present. People relationship is moved by feelings, desires, convictions, and interests. In a technology-mediated learning environment, this complexity stands out even more, as it involves individuals from different cultures, with diverse ideas, concepts, and formations. It is essential that teachers reflect on the aspects related to human interaction in general and to the educational interaction of teaching situations. In the latter case, teachers must be aware of their teaching experience, considering what occurs during the interactions. This work contributes to creating a participatory, collaborative, trustworthy and committed ‘culture’ among students and teachers in an e-Learning environment.
2016 IEEE International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE), 2016
Systems engineers build systems that affect society in many ways. However, few engineers are able... more Systems engineers build systems that affect society in many ways. However, few engineers are able to develop systems taking into account the diversity of human and society factors, and the relationship between society and technology. In Brazil, engineering schools are not prepared to teach their systems engineering students to engineer systems considering the complexity of these factors and relationships. This happens because engineering education is based on classical science, and, as a consequence, the reductionist view of the problems to be engineered. This paper presents a proposal to change the systems engineering education, as a way to prepare systems engineers to deal with the understanding that is necessary to engineer systems that take into account the complexity of the human and society factors, and the complexity of the relationship between society and technology.
Resumo Esse trabalho apresenta uma contribuição ao pequeno empresário da área de eletrônica que d... more Resumo Esse trabalho apresenta uma contribuição ao pequeno empresário da área de eletrônica que deseja aumentar a qualidade de fornecimentos a seus clientes de maneira metodológica utilizando um modelo de sistema da qualidade baseado em modelos originalmente desenvolvidos para grandes empresas e projetos.
Advances in intelligent systems and computing, 2019
IoT services need to be accessed by their users anytime and anywhere, regardless of the access ne... more IoT services need to be accessed by their users anytime and anywhere, regardless of the access network technology or user device. These requirements bring several challenges to the design, development, and operation of IoT systems. To develop these systems, engineers must deal with multiple device technologies, engineering standards, human factors, business processes, and sustainability issues. The successful implementation of IoT systems requires more than engineers’ technical skills; it is necessary to understand the management issues of the engineering effort. IoT systems have several dimensions, which demands a systemic management process to promote the system as a whole. We need to identify the relevant issues of the IoT project to properly execute it, dealing with the risks and barriers of implementation and operation. To identify the project feasibility barriers and the managerial approach to IoT projects, we use two frameworks: BRICS Mosaic model and NCTP framework. They are models that apply the experience of engineers and the analysis of application scenarios to identify barriers to IoT solutions and the managerial approach to steer the solution.
Advances in intelligent systems and computing, Oct 10, 2019
In the current education, there are several analytics strategies to support educators in the moni... more In the current education, there are several analytics strategies to support educators in the monitoring and analysis of course events. The systems used to explore the raw data about facts and processes in courses contexts include humans and Information and Communication Technology. These sociotechnical systems are environments that enable collaborative work among humans and between humans and computer agents. These environments have features that dare technological determinism in order to develop innovative situation awareness and decision support approaches. This work is about System Thinking and Meta-design to support sociotechnical environments in which the management process of the Learning Analysis considers humans factors, adding value to learning processes.
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)
Privacy is a crucial issue to be discussed, defined, and specified in any system. There is a lack... more Privacy is a crucial issue to be discussed, defined, and specified in any system. There is a lack of resources offering a decision-making context that enables identification of the perceived situation according to users' data contained by the systems. All the available data should be understandable for all stakeholders; many of them have no technical background. This paper proposes a framework based on a traditional psychological tool and discusses its application to a real case to evaluate its practical application. It recognizes that there are four privacy domains to improve how systems stakeholders explore, perceive, and understand privacy situations, supporting decisions about access to personal data. The perceived situation has multiple views, according to who accesses and uses other people's personal data, and according to the person who provides the data, even if this person has explicitly granted access to them. There are different purposes and values involved, which demands a clear and deliberate approach.
2020 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon), 2020
Requirements Engineering teaching for new and experienced Information Technology professionals is... more Requirements Engineering teaching for new and experienced Information Technology professionals is a challenge. The pressure of the short-term development culture forces IT professionals to dedicate less time than necessary to both learning and executing the whole Requirements Engineering process. As a way of enabling training these professionals in Requirements Engineering, considering both agile and traditional approaches, this paper presents an innovative approach, which combines cases, discussion, and real experiences. The training contributes to enabling IT professionals to develop a system view of the requirements concerns, promoting a single vision of the different parts of a software system.
2019 International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE), 2019
Sociotechnical systems are those in which people, institutions, communities, and electronic infra... more Sociotechnical systems are those in which people, institutions, communities, and electronic infrastructures are interconnected. Hidden interdependencies, unknown vulnerabilities, or unforeseen situations that arise from the context of the operation of these systems may compromise their performance. A critical characteristic of resilience in sociotechnical systems is recovering from adversities. However, as crucial as recovering from adversities, sociotechnical systems need to be antifragile, not only recovering from adversities but also growing stronger in the face of adversity. This work is about going beyond the approach of design systems to meet the known requirements, which leads to fragile systems. New design philosophies are required to developed sociotechnical systems, systems philosophies that enable systems to learn, adapt, and improve themselves to unforeseen events.
2018 IEEE International Systems Engineering Symposium (ISSE), 2018
Variations in the performance of sociotechnical systems due to the human component present in the... more Variations in the performance of sociotechnical systems due to the human component present in these systems are not yet adequately addressed. Understanding the impacts of human activity on these systems requires an interconnected study linking people, institutions, communities, and electronic infrastructures to capture the hidden interdependencies, the unplanned vulnerabilities, and the sources of risk that may compromise the performance of the system as a whole. Sociotechnical systems need constant monitoring of their performance, and also need to have the ability to adjust themselves to anticipate and to respond to unforeseen situations that arise from the conjunction of several factors present in the context of their use, and thus, sustain their performance under expected and unexpected conditions. This work is about a critical characteristic of resilience in sociotechnical systems, the characteristic associated with the concept of “recovering” from adversities.
Communication and integration are the basis of collaborative learning; digital tools can provide ... more Communication and integration are the basis of collaborative learning; digital tools can provide the necessary environment to promote learners’ participation in educational activities. We have the premise that people are resistant to changes, especially to change the virtual environment they already use. Consequently, the educational environment must not impose technologies that can go against people’s beliefs and customs; this is especially true when leaners are IT professionals, who believe that their choice of technology and tools are the best. This work presents the way our online course works: Systems Engineering and Sociotechnical Systems for IT Professionals. It is a digital collaborative environment that only needs an internet connection, collaborative text editing tools, a camera, and a participatory, trustworthy, and committed learner.
O artigo explora o processo de mudanca pelo qual os professores universitarios devem passar, se q... more O artigo explora o processo de mudanca pelo qual os professores universitarios devem passar, se quisemos que eles se tornem fluentes nas abordagens da educacao aberta. Por meio de uma revisao da literatura e de um conjunto de entrevistas com diversos especialistas no campo de Recursos Educacionais Abertos e educacao aberta, temos desenvolvido uma definicao original do educador aberto, levando em consideracao os objetos — recursos educacionais — e as praticas — design, abordagens pedagogicas e de avaliacao — das atividades do professor. Trabalhando na definicao com os especialistas que entrevistamos, concluimos que a definicao poderia ajudar os tomadores de decisoes politicas e institucionais, assim como a comunidade de pesquisa na area da educacao aberta, uma vez que ajudaria a definir a meta para as acoes de desenvolvimento de capacidade dos professores no campo.
Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2018, 2018
In an e-Learning environment, collaborative learning raises questions that lead us to reflect on ... more In an e-Learning environment, collaborative learning raises questions that lead us to reflect on the challenges posed to teachers to promote their engagement and the engagement of their learners in a real collaborative teaching-learning process, allowing the emergence of a productive virtual learning community, in which there are sharing of knowledge and socio-pedagogical relationships. The critical issue of this process is not the technology itself since it undergoes constant updating and modification. Technical problems whose solutions are not yet available, or are precarious, can be solved or optimized in a short time; even shorter than the time available for developing this work. Technology should be valued only as a communication channel, what matters are the ways teachers use technologies to interact with learners. The teacher-learner relationship is complex both in online and face-to-face teaching situations, as human behavior is always present. People relationship is moved by feelings, desires, convictions, and interests. In a technology-mediated learning environment, this complexity stands out even more, as it involves individuals from different cultures, with diverse ideas, concepts, and formations. It is essential that teachers reflect on the aspects related to human interaction in general and to the educational interaction of teaching situations. In the latter case, teachers must be aware of their teaching experience, considering what occurs during the interactions. This work contributes to creating a participatory, collaborative, trustworthy and committed ‘culture’ among students and teachers in an e-Learning environment.
Open Education is gaining ground globally, at the same time raising enthusiasm and being perceive... more Open Education is gaining ground globally, at the same time raising enthusiasm and being perceived as a possible solution to the need to educate an increasing Higher Education population within the existing financial constrains; with Open Educational Resources (OER) and Open Educational Practices (OEP) being increasingly being considered as an option by universities around the world. Policy makers are starting to embrace this “movement”: in its Communication “Opening Up Education”, the European Commission is stating that “technology offers unprecedented opportunities to improve quality, access and equity in education and training” and calls for “scaling up the use of ICT-supported learning and access to high quality OER”. Further, promoting the creation and use of OER is high on the agenda of international organizations, e.g. the OECD, the UNESCO and Commonwealth of Learning (COL), while some governments have started to make large investments in developing Open Educational Resources. The paper will present a reflection on the state of the art of the Open Education movement, together with a specific insight on its developments in Brazil. The case of Brazil is paradigmatic, since due to a number of factors such as the young population, the rate of economic growth and the policy receptivity towards OER, the country could represent an example for other emerging economies along the path of Open Education. The most recent developments and the challenges that the Open Education community in the country is facing will be presented and discussed. The paper will end with an anticipation of the first results of the eMundus project, an effort by a rather global consortium to foster open approaches (including MOOCs and Virtual Mobility) to international Higher Education collaboration, run with the support of the European Commission, that is tackling the issue of Open Education dynamics between the local/national and the international level. The thesis of the paper is that, since problems and challenges are global, we should work out common solutions together.
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