AOP

Modularity is the single attribute of software that allows a program to be intellectually manageable [29]. The recipe for modularizing is to define a narrow interface, hide an implementation detail, keep low coupling and high cohesion. Over a decade ago, aspect-oriented programming (AOP) was proposed in the literature to "modularize the un-modularizable" [24]. Since then, aspect-oriented languages have been providing new abstraction and composition mechanisms to deal with concerns that could not be modularized because of the limited abstractions of the underlying programming language. This paper is a continuation of our earlier work [32] and further investigates AO software with regard to coupling and cohesion. We compare two versions (Java and AspectJ) of ten applications to review AOP within the context of software modularity. It turns out that the claim that "the software built in AOP is more modular than the software built in OOP" is a myth.

Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) is a way of modularizing a software system by means of new kind of modules called aspects in software development. To this end AOP helps in alleviating crosscutting concerns of system modules by separating into several aspect modules, thereby aiming to improve separation of concerns. On the other hand, aspects can bring unexpected behaviour to a system while attempting to alter the system’s concerns. They can modify the behaviour of the base system without warning. Following to this, such impact can limit to achieve modular reasoning in an aspect-oriented system properly.

Obtaining the valuable data, we try to get an idea of how difficult it is to achieve modular reasoning. In this thesis, we analyse the existing ten aspect-oriented systems by answering six research questions. These six questions were derived from our general question: "how AspectJ is used in practice?". In order to answer each one of them, we have implemented a metrics suite including both aspect-oriented and object-oriented features using Ekeko. Next to modular reasoning, we also acquire other usefulness about AOP constructs and coupling between classes and aspects. These results can then be used to influence the design of existing or new AOP languages, or to improve existing analysis tools.

The meat processing industry generates a large amount of wastewater which represents a serious problem due to their high levels of organic matter which demands effective and high cost treatments. In the present study the effectiveness of the wastewater treatment by dissolved air flotation (DAF) followed by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using photo-peroxidation (H 2 O 2 /UV) and photo-Fenton reactions were evaluated in laboratory scale. The primary treatment was carried out in a DAF system, using optimal dosages of ferric sulfate and coagulation aids. The efficiency of these processes was evaluated through the following parameters: COD, BOD 5 , color, turbidity, total solids, fixed solids and volatile solids, both before and after the DAF and AOP treatments. The elimination efficiency of pollutants was monitored by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The results had shown that the DAF treatment efficiently reduced the COD, color, turbidity and total solids contents. In addition, the advanced oxidation process increased the organic matter removal of the treated samples. Among the AOPs, the photo-Fenton reaction reached the best overall results. These results show that the DAF process followed by an AOP process might be efficient for meat wastewater treatment, intended or not to water reuse purposes.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) permit the total degradation (mineralization) in aqueous solutions of hazardous organic molecules for human being and for the environment. This study concerns the application of two main AOPs: electro-Fenton, and photo-Fenton, to treatment of wastewater containing toxic and/or persistent organic pollutants such as textile dyes. The characteristic of these processes is due to the generation of very reactive and highly oxidizing species, hydroxyl radicals (•OH) which are able to oxidize any organic pollutant until the ultimate oxidation stage, i.e. mineralization (transformation into CO 2 and H 2 O). In the study the aqueous solutions of dyes BB41, BR46 and BY28 have been treated by two selected AOPs. It has been shown that the mineralization rate by electro-Fenton process depends on operating parameters such as catalysis concentration, applied current intensity, pH, etc. It was also observed that e dyes degradation obeys to a pseudo first-order reaction. Under the optimal operating conditions ([Fe 3+ ] = 0.1mM, I = 225 mA, pH = 3), electro-Fenton process can lead to an almost mineralization of dyes solutions: 93, 82 and 73% of TOC abatement are obtained for BB41, BR46 and BY28 respectively. The rate of mineralization by the photo-Fenton (UV/Fe 3+ /H 2 O 2) is a function of used reagents doses, the ratio R = [H 2 O 2 ]/[Fe 3+ ] and R' = [Fe 3+ ]/[substrate]. Thus, mineralization rates obtained are around 93% for the BB41, 85% for BR46 and 95% for BY28 for a treatment time of 5 h with a ratios R = 10 and R' = 40. The study of the degradation of the dye BB41 on a pilot plant using solar radiation showed that the process Helio-photo-Fenton is very effective. This process is part of a sustainable development perspective and its operation is based on renewable energy. A comparison of the mineralization performances of different studied processes in terms of mineralization degree and energy efficiency showed that photo-Fenton and electro-Fenton processes permit to reach high mineralization rate and that the electro-Fenton process can be considered the more efficient technique with no use of chemicals and low energy consumption.

The photocatalytic degradation of Toluidine Blue dye (TB) in aqueous solution was investigated under UV light in the presence of magnesium oxide (MgO) as a photocatalyst at different operating parameters. The operating
conditions were photocatalyst dose, initial dye concentration and the pH of the solution. Increasing of photocatalyst dose from 10 to 70 mg enhanced the degradation rate of TB dye. However, the increasing of TB dye concentration from 2 to 8 mg/L negatively affected the degradation rate. It was found that the percent of dye
removal reached the maximum value at high acidic medium. In dark condition, 15 % of dye was adsorbed by MgO. Furthermore, the kinetics involved in the degradation of TB dye was examined and the degradation was found to follow pseudo first order kinetic model.

Resumen

El propósito de este Trabajo de Fin de Máster es, en primer lugar, realizar un análisis de la didáctica y la evaluación de la competencia oral en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, el uso de las TIC en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y la puesta en práctica de las metodologías de aprendizaje colaborativo. A continuación, se expondrá una propuesta de intervención didáctica desde un enfoque comunicativo, que abordará la competencia lingüística, potenciando su dimensión comunicativa en general, y la oral en particular, de una manera dinámica y participativa, a la vez que se fomenta el uso de las TIC dentro y fuera del aula. Las actividades de la propuesta se apoyarán en el trabajo cooperativo, el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) y el Aprendizaje Orientado a Proyectos (AOP). Se presentarán propuestas metodológicas como la gamificación y el aula invertida (flipped classroom), mientras se integran, al mismo tiempo, otro tipo de contenidos de la asignatura de Lengua castellana y literatura. La propuesta está dirigida al alumnado de 4º año de ESO, aunque, con algunos pequeños cambios, podría ser susceptible de llevarse a cabo en otros cursos de secundaria y bachillerato.

Abstract

The purpose of this work is, first of all, to carry out an analysis of the teaching of oral competence, the use of new technologies in Compulsory Secondary Education and collaborative learning methodologies. Next, a didactic proposal will be presented from a communicative approach, which will address the linguistic competence, improving its oral dimension in a dynamic and participatory way, based on cooperative learning, Problem-based Learning (PBL) and Project Oriented Learning (POL). Methodological proposals such as gamification and flipped learning will be presented, promoting the use of ICT and integrating, at the same time, other types of content of the subject of Spanish language and literature. The proposal is aimed at ESO 4th year students, although it would be susceptible to be carried out in other courses.

Every new programming technique makes claims that software engineers want to hear. Such is the case with aspect-oriented programming (AOP). This paper describes a quasi-controlled experiment which compares the evolution of two functionally equivalent programs, developed in two different paradigms. The aim of the study is to explore the claims that software developed with aspect-oriented languages is easier to maintain and reuse than this developed with object-oriented languages. We have found no evidence to support these claims.

Two things are needed for any technology to be suitable for use in the industry, viz. 1. Technical feasibility and 2. Economical feasibility. The use of ultrasound for waste water treatment has been shown to be technically feasible by numerous reports in the literature over the years. But there are hardly any exhaustive reports which address the issue of economical feasibility of the use of ultrasound for waste water treatment on industrial scale.

The reaction between Fe2+ and H2O2 generates highly reactive ·OH. However, the weak conversion from Fe3+ to Fe2+ limits its continuous reaction. Here, the difference between the Fenton system and modified Fenton system for the regeneration of Fe2+ was analyzed. A UV-vis spectrometer and redox potential measurements were used to detect Fe2+ concentration. Results indicated that Fe2+ could be better regenerated in the modified Fenton system. The regeneration of Fe2+ was facilitated by the consumption of NH2OH, while in hydroquinone (HQ)- and 1,4-bezoquinone (1,4-BQ)-modified Fenton systems, the quinone cycle could be built up and Fe3+ could be converted to Fe2+ continuously. However, results showed that HQ and 1,4-BQ reacted with ·OH, which caused a gradual decline in the enhancement effect. In order to keep Fe2+ concentration stable for a longer time, the influence of [HQ/1,4-BQ]0/[Fe2+]0 on Fe2+ concentration was carefully studied. When the mole ratio was 5:1, Fe2+ concentration remained nearly 90% of total iron at 40 min. But when the mole ratios were 0.5:1 and 0.1:1, Fe2+ concentration decreased to a very low level at 20 min. Oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) results further confirmed the role of quinone cycle.

The study examined the usefulness of a Fenton-like system for the degradation of ionic liquid residues in water. The ionic liquid was oxidized in a dilute aqueous solution of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (bmimCl). The ionic liquid decomposes readily and rapidly in aqueous solution by chemical degradation in a Fenton-like system. Under chosen conditions the initial bmimCl solution was reduced by a factor of 0.973 within 90 min. Additional results showed that bmimCl degradations in a Fenton-like system in excess H 2 O 2 could be interpreted as a combined oxidation-reduction mechanism. Preliminary investigations of the mechanism of such degradations have indicated that initial OH • radicals can attack any one of the three carbon atoms on the imidazolium ring. The intermediates of this reaction may be mono-di-or amino-carboxylic acids.

Catalytic water phase processes as an environmental application is a relatively novel subject with tremendous potential in the near future. This review of 120 references presents the wide scale of heterogeneous water phase applications studied mainly within past five years. Both oxidation and hydrogenation processes are included as well as TiO2 assisted photocatalysis. According to the references, heterogeneous catalysis is developing rapidly. New bimetallic catalysts and supports with higher surface area have improved catalytic efficiency in both oxidation and hydrogenation processes. It also seems that study on use of some waste materials such as red mud as catalyst is a very progressive field. On the whole, the chemical aspects are pretty well known, but the catalyst durability, and in many cases activity as well, has to be improved.

Hydroxyl radicals AOP Ozone demand Quench-flow system Kinetics Disinfection Pharmaceuticals Wastewater Drinking water A B S T R A C T Due to a lack of adequate experimental techniques, the kinetics of the first 20 s of ozone decomposition in natural water and wastewater is still poorly understood. Introducing a continuous quench-flow system (CQFS), measurements starting 350 ms after ozone addition are presented for the first time. Very high HO d to O 3 exposures ratios (R ct ¼ R HO d dt/ R O 3 dt) reveal that the first 20 s of ozonation present oxidation conditions that are similar to ozone-based advanced oxidation processes (AOP). The oxidation of carbamazepine could be accurately modeled using O 3 and HO d exposures measured with CQFS during wastewater ozonation. These results demonstrate the applicability of bench scale determined second-order rate constants for wastewater ozonation. Important degrees of pharmaceutical oxidation and microbial inactivation are predicted, indicating

The first part of this study examined the effect of operating conditions on Fenton pretreatment of an antibiotic wastewater containing amoxicillin and cloxacillin. The optimum H 2 O 2 /COD and H 2 O 2 /Fe 2+ molar ratios were 2.5 and 20, respectively. Under the optimum operating conditions, complete degradation of the antibiotics occurred in 1 min. In the second part of this study, a bench-scale SBR was operated for 239 days and fed with Fenton-treated wastewater under different operating conditions. BOD 5 /COD ratio below 0.40 of the Fenton-treated wastewater had negative effect on the SBR performance. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 h was found suitable for the SBR and increasing HRT to 24 and 48 h did not significantly improve the SBR efficiency. Statistical analysis (two-way ANOVA) was made on the results to optimize the H 2 O 2 /Fe 2+ molar ratio and Fenton reaction time and it was found possible to reduce the Fe 2+ dose and increase the Fenton reaction time. Under the best operating conditions (H 2 O 2 /COD molar ratio 2.5, H 2 O 2 /Fe 2+ molar ratio 150, Fenton reaction time 120 min and HRT 12 h), the combined Fenton-SBR process efficiency was 89% for sCOD removal and the SBR effluent met the discharge standards. Combined Fenton-SBR is a feasible process for antibiotic wastewater treatment.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) has been used as heterogeneous catalyst for the degradation of Acid Alizarin Black S dye (AAB) in aqueous solutions using UV light irradiation. Experiments were conducted at various operating parameters. The operating parameters were amount of catalyst (50 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg), initial concentration of dye (30 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 70 mg/L), the pH of solution (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12) and the UV light intensity (6 watt and 12 watt). The progress of the degradation reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically. It was found that the degradation process of AAB solution was accelerated with increased catalyst dosage and decreased initial concentration of AAB. It was also found that the removal efficiency of AAB significantly depend on pH value of solution. The results show that the degradation percent reaches the highest values with pH close to neutral. The data proved that removal percent of dye decreased when 6 watt lamp used instead of 12 watt lamp. The kinetic study confirmed that photocatalytic degradation of AAB dye follows a pseudo first order reaction rate.

An object invariant consisting of a set of properties that must hold for all instances of a class at any time is usually used in object-oriented design. However, verifying object invariants at runtime is always a challenging task in software verification. This paper proposes a method for verifying invariants of Java objects at runtime using AOP. Suppose that a software application is designed using UML models and its constraints are specified in OCL expressions, the software is then implemented, by default, using the UML design. They propose to construct verifiable aspects which are automatically generated from OCL constraints. These aspects can be woven into Java code to check whether object invariants are violated at runtime. Benefiting from AOP in separation of crosscutting concerns and weaving mechanisms, generated aspects can do the verification task whenever values of objects' attributes are changed. A Verification Aspect Generator (VAG) tool has been developed allowing the automatic generation of verifying aspects from the UML/OCL constraints.

In this research, three different evolutionary algorithms (EAs), namely, particle swarm
optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA) and differential evolution (DE), are integrated with the
adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model. The developed hybrid models are proposed to
forecast rainfall time series. The capability of the proposed evolutionary hybrid ANFIS was compared
with the conventional ANFIS in forecasting monthly rainfall for the Pahang watershed, Malaysia.
To select the optimal model, sixteen different combinations of six different lag attributes taking into
account the effect of monthly, seasonal, and annual history were considered. The performances of the
forecasting models were assessed using various forecasting skill indicators. Moreover, an uncertainty
analysis of the developed forecasting models was performed to evaluate the ability of the hybrid
ANFIS models. The bound width of 95% confidence interval (d-factor) and the percentage of observed
samples which was enveloped by 95% forecasted uncertainties (95PPU) were used for this purpose.
The results indicated that all the hybrid ANFIS models performed better than the conventional
ANFIS and for all input combinations. The obtained results showed that the models with best input
combinations had the (95PPU and d-factor) values of (91.67 and 1.41), (91.03 and 1.41), (89.74 and
1.42), and (88.46 and 1.43) for ANFIS-PSO, ANFIS-GA, ANFIS-DE, and the conventional ANFIS,
respectively. Based on the 95PPU and d-factor, it is concluded that all hybrid ANFIS models have an
acceptable degree of uncertainty in forecasting monthly rainfall. The results of this study proved that
the hybrid ANFIS with an evolutionary algorithm is a reliable modeling technique for forecasting
monthly rainfall.

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are devices capable of converting organic waste fraction present in wastewaters into useful energy vectors such as electricity or hydrogen. In recent years a large amount of research has been done on these unique systems in order to improve their performance both in terms of waste treatment as well as electric current production. Already there are plans to upscale this technology to convince the end-users of its potential. However, there are not many studies available on the life cycle of these systems with the current state of the art. In this article a methodology has been proposed to perform the life cycle assessment (LCA) of the BESs and some recommendations have been given which may be useful in carrying out LCA of these systems. Not only the direct benefits in terms of energy saved in aerating the wastewater treatment plants, but also the resulting saving in cost and electric power produced should be factored as well. The results of LCA should show that with current knowledge and existing materials, how well the MFCs compares with the existing treatment methods such as anaerobic digestion. Further, given the amount of research going on in this field, it is expected that with cheaper materials and better microorganisms, the technology will breakthrough even soon.

The quality evaluation of software metrics measurements are considered as the primary indicator of imperfection prediction and software maintenance in various empirical studies of software products. However, there is no agreement on which metrics are compelling quality pointers for new software development approaches such as Aspect-Oriented Programming techniques. Aspect-Oriented Programming intends to enhance programming quality by providing fundamentally different parts of the systems, for example, pointcuts, advice, and inter-type relationships. Hence, it is not evident if quality characteristics for AOP could be extracted from direct expansions of traditional Object Oriented Programming measurements. Then again, investigations of Aspect-Oriented Programming do regularly depend on established static and dynamic metrics measurements; notwithstanding the late research of AOP in empirical studies, few analyses been adopted using ISO  9126 quality model as useful markers of flaw inclination in this context. This paper examination we have considered different programming quality models given by various authors every once in a while and distinguished that adaptability was deficient in the current model. We have testing ten projects developed by Aspect-Oriented Programming. We have used many applications to extract the metrics, but none of them could extract all AOP metrics. It only can measure some of AOP metrics, not all of them. This study investigates the suitable framework for extract AOP metrics, For instance, static and dynamic metrics measurements for hybrid application systems (Aspect-Oriented Programming, Object-Oriented Programming), or only Aspect-Oriented Programming application.

Although some studies concerning the effect of pH and ozone dosage on TiO 2 photocatalysis (O 2 /TiO 2 /UV) have already been published, no complete investigation and explanation of the effects of both parameters on photocatalytic ozonation (O 3 /TiO 2 /UV) have been carried out. Aqueous solutions of neonicotinoid insecticides (thiacloprid and imidacloprid) were chosen as a degradation medium, since they exhibit a high threat for aquatic systems and it is of great importance to find an effective method for their elimination from the environment. In preliminary stability tests, thiacloprid showed higher photo-and chemical stability compared to imidacloprid, therefore its degradation was studied in detail. To assess the suitability of various treatments for degradation and mineralization of thiacloprid in water at different pH values and ozone dosages, we applied ozonation (O 3 ) and three different photochemical advanced oxidation processes, namely ozonation, coupled with UV radiation (O 3 /UV), O 3 /TiO 2 /UV and O 2 /TiO 2 /UV. Light source emitting mainly in UVA range was applied in all three processes. The photocatalytic ozonation (O 3 / TiO 2 /UV) was found to be the most efficient process irrespective of pH. The synergistic effect of ozone and TiO 2 photocatalysis was noticed at acidic and neutral pH, but the synergism was lost at basic pH, probably due to faster self-decompositon of ozone under alkaline conditions. At acidic pH, also the oxidation of chloride anions to chlorate(V) was noticed in O 3 /TiO 2 /UV and in O 3 /UV processes. By plotting the disappearance rate constants of thiacloprid degradation in O 3 /TiO 2 /UV and O 3 /UV systems as a function of the flow rate of ozone, the synergistic effect of ozone was undoubtedly proven. The slope of the linear fit in case of O 3 /TiO 2 /UV process was considerably steeper than in case of O 3 /UV, which would not happen in absence of synergistic effect. The linearity in O 3 /TiO 2 /UV system was lost only at very high flow rates of ozone. #

The degradation of an endocrine disruptor (ED), the bisphenol A (BPA), was studied using Gliding Arc Discharge (GAD). This kind of discharge generates a non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure and quasi-ambient temperature. The resulting plasma is the source of several chemical reactions that lead to the hydroxyl radical formation. Hydroxyl radicals, • OH, are very powerful and non-selective oxidizing agents (E • •OH/H 2 O 2.8 V vs. normal hydrogen electrode) able to degrade compounds resistant to conventional treatment. GAD belongs to the group of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs).

These days, Social Media which is includes (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Linkedin) is an extremely well known social correspondence media. Indi-viduals use Social Media to express their musings, thoughts, sonnets, and distresses on them. In the period of data superhighway, greater part of the young people are not sharing their challenges, issues, irregularity, power-lessness and disappointment with their folks in Kurdistan of Iraq. Be that as it may, they share with their companions on Social Media. Hence, their companions are making remarks, giving havens and affections to them. Because of absence of instruction and encounters on innovation, gatekeepers in Kurdistan don't know about the correspondences and addictions on social Medias. In this manner, there are producing holes in social relationships in the community. In this paper, a review has based and finding the effect of social media on personal and community relationships. Calculation dissects the practices of youngsters' by gathering data from a survey. Guardians and educators conclusions are additionally viewed as about the exercises of understudies on home and foundations. Here, age cutoff points of focused adolescents are somewhere in the range of 16 and 60. From this investigation, powerless connection amongst guardians and their adolescent youngsters have been taken note. The significant issue was that teenagers are investing more energy on social media and guardians need them to the table amid contemplate time and educational time.

Program analysis is useful for debugging, testing, and maintaining software systems due to availability of information about the structure and relationship of the program modules. In general, program analysis is performed either based on control flow graph (CFG) or dependence graph (DG). However, in the case of aspect-oriented programming (AOP), control flow graph or dependence graph are not enough to model the features of Aspect-oriented (AO) programs. Although AOP is good for modular representation and crosscutting concern, a suitable graph model for program analysis is required to gather information on its structure for the purpose of minimizing maintenance effort. In this thesis, a graph model known as Slicing Aspect-Oriented Program by Using Dependence Flow Graph For Software Maintenance Purpose is proposed to represent the structure of aspect-oriented programs. The graph is formed by merging CFG and DG.  As a consequence, more information about dependencies involving the features of AOP, such as join point, advice, aspects, their related constructs, and the flow of control are able to be gathered. Based on AODFG, slicing criteria are defined for aspect-oriented features. The concept of slicing AODFG model is also proposed. A prototype tool called Aspect-oriented Slicing Tool was developed to implement AODFG. The performance of AODFG was evaluated by analysing some AspectJ  programs taken from AspectJ  Development Tools. The analysis showed the consistency of the output compared with DG and CFG. In addition, an empirical study was conducted to find out the effect of AOST in terms of effectiveness,  understandability , and modifiability in maintenance purpose. The results of the empirical analysis showed positive responses.

Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) provides another way of thinking about program structure that allows developers to separate and modularize concerns like crosscutting concerns. These concerns are maintained in aspects that allows to easily maintain both the core and crosscutting concerns. Much research on this area has been done focused on traditional software development. Although little has been done in the Web development context. In this paper is presented an overview of existing AOP PHP development tools identifying their strengths and weaknesses. Then we compare the existing AOP PHP development tools presented in this paper. We then discuss how these tools can be effectively used in the Web development. Finally, is discussed how AOP can enhance the Web development and are presented some future work possibilities on this area.

A low maintenance, “self-cleaning” electrochemical approach is evaluated for regeneration of dye-loaded granular activated carbon (GAC). To do so, batch experiments were conducted using a low-cost granular activated carbon/stainless steel mesh (GACSS) composite cathode and a stable Ti/mixed metal oxides (Ti/MMO) anode without the addition of oxidants or iron catalysts. The GACSS cathode supports simultaneous H2O2 electrogeneration via the in situ supplied O2 from Ti/MMO anode and the subsequent H2O2 activation for OH generation, thus enabling the cracking of dye molecules adsorbed on GAC and regenerating the GAC's sorption capacity. Results show that a prolonged electrochemical processing for 12 h will achieve up to 88.7% regeneration efficiency (RE). While RE decreases with multi-cycle application, up to 52.3% could still be achieved after 10 adsorption-regeneration cycles. To identify the mechanism, experiments were conducted to measure H2O2 electrogeneration, H2O2 activation, and OH generation by various GAC samples. The dye-loaded GAC and GAC treated after 10 adsorption-regeneration cycles were still capable of OH generation, which contributes to effective “self-cleaning” and regeneration over multi-cycles.

Recently, the need to improve the security of software has become a key issue for developers. The security function needs to be incorporated into the software development process at the requirement, analysis, design, and implementation stages as doing so may help to smooth integration and to protect systems from attack. Security affects all aspects of a software program, which makes the incorporation of security features a crosscutting concern. Therefore this paper looks at the feasibility and potential advantages of employing an aspect orientation approach in the software development lifecycle to ensure efficient integration of security. It also proposes a model called the Aspect-Oriented Software Security Development Life Cycle (AOSSDLC), which covers arrange of security activities and deliverables for each development stage. It is concluded that aspect orientation is one of the best options available for installing security features not least because of the benefit that no changes need to be made to the existing software structure.

Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) provide an opportunity to develop new and more accurate safety assessment processes for drugs and other chemicals, and may ultimately play an important role in regulatory decision making. Not only can the development and application of AOPs pave the way for the development of improved evidence-based approaches for hazard and risk assessment, there is also the promise of a significant impact on animal welfare, with a reduced reliance on animal-based methods. The establishment of a useable and coherent knowledge framework under which AOPs will be developed and applied has been a first critical step towards realizing this opportunity. This article explores how the development of AOPs under this framework, and their application in practice, could benefit the science and practice of safety assessment, while in parallel stimulating a move away from traditional methods towards an increased acceptance of non-animal approaches. We discuss here the key areas wh...

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have proved very effective in treatment of the various hazardous organic pollutants in water. The photochemical decolorization of three dyes, namely Acid Orange 8 (AO8), Acid Blue 74 (AB74) and Methyl Orange (MO) was studied in the UV/hydrogen peroxide process by using a continuous photochemical reactor with a 15 W low pressure mercury lamp. Decolorization was complete in relatively short time and follows apparent first order kinetics with respect of dye concentration. The rate of disappearance of a given dye was monitored spectrophotometrically at the visible maximum absorption wavelength. It was found that the rate of decolorization rises by increasing the initial dosage of H 2 O 2 up to a ''critical'' value at which it is maximum and beyond which it is inhibited. A simple reactions pathway, describing adequately the process, has been studied. Based on this reaction schema, we have established a mathematical relation between the apparent rate constant of the dye removal and applied H 2 O 2 dosage presented by the ratio of its initial mass concentration to that of the dye. The rate constant values obtained by model for the three dye solutions are in good agreement with the experimental data. The model parameters have been determined. #

We sought to investigate differences in indices of pulsatility between patients with normal ventricular function and patients with heart failure studied at the time of implantation with continuous-flow or pulsatile-flow left ventricular assist devices.

In this paper we describe AspectLua -a dynamic aspect-oriented language based on Lua. It relies on a meta-object protocol, LuaMOP, which unifies the introspective and reflective mechanisms provided by Lua and handles the weaving process. In order to improve support for dynamicity, AspectLua allows the association of aspects with undeclared elements of the application code (virtual join points). In addition, it provides an automatic support for managing aspects execution order.

Background: Apnoea of prematurity (AOP) frequently recurs in preterm infants. We have previously shown that a significant but variable proportion of AOP is induced by gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR). Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of sodium alginate in reducing the frequency of GORrelated AOP. Subjects: Twenty-eight preterm infants with AOP were studied by a six-hour recording of combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring and polysomnography, including two three-hour postprandial periods: sodium alginate was given after one single meal named as drug-given (DG) meal, while the other as drug-free (DF). Results: During 165 h of registration, 715 apnoeas were recorded, 368 after-DG and 347 after-DF (p = .99); furthermore, 851 GOR episodes were detected, 315 after-DG and 536 after-DF (p = .001). No differences in the number of AOP were found between DG and DF. A significant reduction in the number of acid GORs and in acid exposure was found during DG, while the administration of sodium alginate didn't influence non-acid GOR indexes. The frequency of GOR-related apnoeas didn't differ between DG and DF. Discussion: Sodium alginate doesn't reduce the total number of AOP nor GOR-related apnoeas. On the other hand, it reduces acid GOR features, while it had no effect on non-acid GOR indexes.

SUMMARY This paper investigates whether AspectJ can be used for efficient profiling of Java programs. Profiling differs from other applications of AOP (eg tracing), since it necessitates efficient and often complex interactions with the target program. As such, it was uncertain whether ...

Computer hardware and software have evolved day by day through the gradual development of systems. Due to the gradual development of software, size and complexity are also increasing. Initially, due to hardware limitations, the problems that computers solve were simple, and software has created to solve them. The computer industry has struggled to maintain the market and develop software systems that compete with similar software systems. To keep our software system on the market, we need to get additional redesign requirements and incorporate new environments. Scalability is the most vital and essential feature of software development analysis. It reduces various factors such as development costs, time (that is, installation and access), maintenance, and software system ef ort.
This paper describes a fuzzy approach to assessing the quality of aspect-oriented software using the AOSQ model. Due to the unpredictable nature of software quality attributes, the fuzzy logic model approach is the best way to improve software quality. All attribute values and associated sub-attributes have calculated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) tool

This study investigates the phenol degradation by pulsed high-voltage discharge (PHVD). The effect of solution pH, temperature, treatment time and initial phenol concentration on phenol degradation were examined. The results showed that the phenol removal efficiency was increased with the rise of pH, temperature and treatment time. The phenol removal efficiency was 48%, 46%, 42% and 34%, respectively at 10, 40, 90 and 160 ppm phenol solutions. The phenol degradation rate was increased markedly when H2O2 was added into the solution. Almost complete phenol degradation (100%) was achieved when 20-40 mM of H2O2 was added into phenol solutions of 40, 90 and 180 ppm. Capsule Summary: Phenol removal by the pulsed high-voltage discharge process in the presence of H2O2 was studied and it was found that this process is efficient for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution at optimized conditions of pH, temperature, treatment time and initial phenol concentration. Cite This Article As: M. Sayed. Efficient removal of phenol from aqueous solution by the pulsed high-voltage discharge process in the presence of H2O2. Chemistry International 1(2) (2015) 81-86

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have proved very effective in treatment of the various hazardous organic pollutants in water. The photochemical decolorization of three dyes, namely Acid Orange 8 (AO8), Acid Blue 74 (AB74) and Methyl Orange (MO) was studied in the UV/hydrogen peroxide process by using a continuous photochemical reactor with a 15 W low pressure mercury lamp. Decolorization was complete in relatively short time and follows apparent first order kinetics with respect of dye concentration. The rate of disappearance of a given dye was monitored spectrophotometrically at the visible maximum absorption wavelength. It was found that the rate of decolorization rises by increasing the initial dosage of H 2 O 2 up to a ''critical'' value at which it is maximum and beyond which it is inhibited. A simple reactions pathway, describing adequately the process, has been studied. Based on this reaction schema, we have established a mathematical relation between the apparent rate constant of the dye removal and applied H 2 O 2 dosage presented by the ratio of its initial mass concentration to that of the dye. The rate constant values obtained by model for the three dye solutions are in good agreement with the experimental data. The model parameters have been determined. #

Pattern languages have begun to appear and mature as a presentation of the structures and processes that support the building of complex software systems. A pattern language describes how to compose structures in a particular domain such as telecommunications, client-server architecture, or object-oriented programming, to achieve system-level architectures that are greater than the sum of their parts. A problem lurks on the horizon: How do you compose patterns from multiple domains-from multiple pattern languages-in a single system? For example, today there is nothing other than an ad hoc approach to combining the pattern languages for telecommunications and for object-oriented design to build object-oriented telecommunications systems from the respective pattern languages. To understand the solution to this dilemma, it pays to examine sequences: an important aspect of pattern application that is often overlooked. Sequences are the loci of concern about interleaving patterns, whether from a single pattern language or multiple pattern languages. Sequences are critical because pattern languages represent long-term archives of the rhythms of critical, recurring sequences.

1,2-diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGL␣) is responsible for the biosynthesis and release of 2-arachidonoyl-glyc-erol (2-AG), the most abundant endocannabinoid in the brain. Although its expression has been detected in discrete re-*Correspondence to: J. Suárez, Fundación IMABIS, Hospital Carlos Haya,

Over a decade ago, aspect-oriented programming (AOP) was proposed to “modularize the un-modularizable”. Nowadays, the aspect-oriented paradigm pervades all areas of software engineering. With its growing popularity, practitioners are beginning to wonder whether they should start looking into it. However, every new paradigm makes claims that managers want to hear. The aim of this PhD dissertation is to find out how much of what has been written about AOP is true and how much is hype.

Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) emerged as a paradigm to modularize the concerns that lead to interwoven code if implemented using traditional programming techniques. Unfortunately, the new constructs introduced by aspect-oriented (AO) languages result in both: (1) obstacles in modular reasoning; and (2) high coupling between aspects and the augmented modules. There have been numerous attempts to tackle these issues, but none have succeeded without sacrificing obliviousness or losing the power of AOP. In this paper, we propose a new approach to AOP inspired by the classification of aspects by Clifton & Leavens. Our approach reduces coupling in AO programs and restores modular reasoning in case when the aspects are spectators.

The reuse of iron oxide nanoparticles as a catalyst of organic matter in the H 2 O 2 /iron oxide mineralization process was investigated. The particle size and morphology of iron oxide particles obtained from TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) images and DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) measurements, indicate the formation of a rod-like morphology with an average length of 50 ± 10 nm. An electron diffraction pattern identified the particles as either α-FeOOH or β-FeOOH. Stability of iron oxide nanoparticles in organic model compound solutions was studied as a function of pH solution and was correlated with average size. The optimal pH for maximum mineralization in the H 2 O 2 /iron oxide system was found to be 2.8. Finally, results indicated that at least seven stages of catalytic mineralization-recovery cycles can take place without a reduction in the catalytic properties of the iron oxide nanocatalyst.

The increasing incidence of flow assurance problems caused by asphaltene deposition during oil production has motivated the development of numerous theoretical models and experimental methods to analyze this complex phenomenon. Even more challenging are the prediction of the occurrence and the magnitude of asphaltene deposition. It is well accepted that precipitation of asphaltene is a necessary condition for deposition. Hence, a significant amount of work has been devoted to the understanding of the conditions at which asphaltene precipitate from the crude oil. Although, several models seem to work well for correlating available data of onsets of asphaltene precipitation, they usually lack good prediction capabilities. This article briefly reviews the properties of asphaltene and presents a thermodynamic model based on the Perturbed Chain version of the Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) equation of state, which is then proven to provide excellent prediction capabilities for the phase behavior of complex and polydisperse systems such as asphaltene, in a wide range of temperature, pressures and composition. Furthermore, several case studies are presented where the effect of gas injection, commingling of oils, and contamination with oil based mud, as well as the effect of asphaltene polydispersity are analyzed. Finally, the asphaltene compositional grading that can lead in some cases to the formation of tar-mat is studied using the same thermodynamic model. In all the cases, very good agreement with experimental data and field observations is obtained. From the results presented in this work, we are confident that the PC-SAFT equation of state is an excellent tool to understand the thermodynamic behavior of asphaltene in petroleum systems.