High tech Industry

The Israeli extensive high-tech industry is examined in the light of a model that presents the process chain from knowledge and capital formation through innovation and invention to production. The deeper roots for the Israeli high-tech industry lie in Jewish cultural traits of scholastic learning and international communications, rather than in prolonged industrial development. Within a modern context, the industry based itself through a strong security accent, because of the Arab-Israeli conflict. The phases in the development of the Israeli hightech industry moved from the creation of a domestic base for R&D in information technology to a growing global one, blending between a leading domestic accumulation of knowledge, entrepreneurship, and limited capital on the one hand, and global capital and demands for technology on the other. The high-tech industry and the services for its operation are centred on metropolitan Tel-Aviv.

The best solution to solve a problem of unemployment, in country like India, is to have as many Job Creators as possible, so we need Entrepreneurs. Various Government and Non Government agencies are doing lot of work to promote Entrepreneurship. Particularly Government of India is doing great work to promote Techno -Entrepreneurship by providing support through various agencies under the umbrella of Department of Science and Technology (DST). Even it has established National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board under DST. In this paper we will try to give information and study, mainly exploratory, related to these support activities to convert Techno-innovation to Techno -Entrepreneurship by keeping main focus on Technology Business Incubation approach in India. Here we are trying to give conceptual model to establish relationship between Techno -Innovation and Techno -Entrepreneurship. And this will be substantiated by various Techno -Innovation and Techno -Entrepreneurship illustrations of real life. Here, the major focus is given to Technology Business Incubation approach to support and create Techno -Entrepreneurship from Techno-innovation. This paper will show a research gap, in the context of India, in the area of Techno-entrepreneurship through Technology Business Incubation. This can be further useful for research in broader sense in future in this context. This paper also give ideas about which kind of research is possible in the context India in this area.

The Israeli extensive high-tech industry is examined in the light of a model that presents the process chain from knowledge and capital formation through innovation and invention to production. The deeper roots for the Israeli high-tech industry lie in Jewish cultural traits of scholastic learning and international communications, rather than in prolonged industrial development. Within a modern context, the industry based itself through a strong security accent, because of the Arab-Israeli conflict. The phases in the development of the Israeli hightech industry moved from the creation of a domestic base for R&D in information technology to a growing global one, blending between a leading domestic accumulation of knowledge, entrepreneurship, and limited capital on the one hand, and global capital and demands for technology on the other. The high-tech industry and the services for its operation are centred on metropolitan Tel-Aviv.

Knowledge Management (KM) is by now a recognized term, increasingly accepted in the corporate community. This research contributes a better understanding of its implementation by providing a list a factors, which though each seems self-evident, their combination, and the experience acquired in applying them would support practitioners applying KM, and constitute a stepping stone for researchers for deepening the knowledge about it.

Metadata provide information on companies' products and technologies. A network analysis enables detection of specializations and complementarities. An investigation of the network allows to identify emerging industrial clusters. Metrics help to appreciate complementary innovation and market opportunity. Results of the network analysis show interesting policy implications. a b s t r a c t Clean-technology (clean-tech) is a large and increasing sector. Research and development (R&D) is the lifeline of the industry and innovation is fostered by a plethora of high-tech start-ups and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Any empirical-based attempt to detect the pattern of technological innovation in the industry is challenging. This paper proposes an investigation of innovation in clean-tech using metadata provided by CrunchBase. Metadata reveal information on markets, products, services and technologies driving innovation in the clean-tech industry worldwide and for San Francisco, the leader in clean-tech innovation with more than two hundred specialised companies. A network analysis using metadata is the employed methodology and the main metrics of the resulting networks are discussed from an economic point of view. The purpose of the paper is to understand specifically specializations and technological complementarities underlying innovative companies, detect emerging industrial clusters at the global and local/metropolitan level and, finally, suggest a way to realize whether observed start-ups, SMEs and clusters follow a technological path of complementary innovation and market opportunity or, instead, present a risk of lock-in. The discussion of the results of the network analysis shows interesting implications for energy policy, particularly useful from an operational point of view.

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the funding and investment mechanism of
Taiwanese high-tech multinational corporations (MNCs) and clarify the whole development process
of global financial capitalism in Taiwanese high-tech sector. Especially, I try to illustrate the power
transformation process between Japanese consumer-electronics giants and Taiwanese high-tech
MNCs from the funding and investment point of view. More specifically, how did Taiwanese hightech
MNCs invest a huge amount of money in the equipment of investment and R&D to expand
productivity and upgrade the level of technology, drove Japanese competitors out of the global
market? This is the main question of my paper. I propose that various factors: entrepreneurship, the
relationship between innovation and financial capital, financial capitalism, resource dependence
relations during their social network, the difference between Japanese and Taiwanese financial and
management system affect the power transformation process between Japanese high-tech industry
and Taiwanese counterparts. The goal of this paper is to examine how the relationships between the
development of financial system in Taiwan and technological innovation of high-tech MNCs, inter
and intra-corporate funding network in Taiwan had an extraordinary impact on diminishing
international competitiveness of Japanese consumer-electronics giants, Taiwanese high-tech MNCs
grabbed the opportunity of revolutionary development in the global capitalist economy.

The best solution to solve a problem of unemployment, in country like India, is to have as many Job Creators as possible, so we need Entrepreneurs. Various Government and Non Government agencies are doing lot of work to promote Entrepreneurship. Particularly Government of India is doing great work to promote Techno – Entrepreneurship by providing support through various agencies under the umbrella of Department of Science and Technology (DST). Even it has established National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board under DST. In this paper we will try to give information and study, mainly exploratory, related to these support activities to convert Techno-innovation to Techno – Entrepreneurship by keeping main focus on Technology Business Incubation approach in India. Here we are trying to give conceptual model to establish relationship between Techno – Innovation and Techno – Entrepreneurship. And this will be substantiated by various Techno – Innovation and Techno...

The article presents a medium-term forecast of the development of the Russian nanoindustry, taking into account the assumed transition of the industry from the formation stage to the investment growth stage. Problems associated with the estimated output volumes of products in the Russian nanoindustry are considered, since the trends recorded in the primary statistical data are very far from reflecting the real situation due to the imperfection of the system of statistics of nano-containing products, as well as a reduction of state funding and a decline in the intensity of R&D in the industry. It is concluded that a full-fledged industry has not been yet completely formed in Russia and it actually exists only as a statistical phenomenon; in addition, the project really set different objectives from the declared creation of a breakthrough high-technology branch.

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact and success of a business incubation project on its participants. The study aims to consider the impact of the project in terms of developing and supporting entrepreneurial activity within Wales. It seeks to build on and enhance existing business incubation literature and contribute to the field by identifying "good" practice and considers the measurement of success within such projects. Design/methodology/approach -This study employs an individual case study methodology which evaluates all aspects of the Graduate Teleworking Initiative (GTi) project. A range of qualitative and quantitative methods is utilised to capture the views of aspiring entrepreneurs. In addition the progress of entrepreneurs is compared with "distance travelled" methodologies developed by other EU programmes, using the experiences of GTi businesses as individual case histories. In addition, this paper looks at additional ways to measure the success of this type of project, based on a study of the current academic literature and work currently being undertaken with funding agencies in Wales in respect of economic regeneration. The case study method is recognised as the most effective research strategy to capture the "rich" experience of complex projects. Findings -The study finds that, if incubation facilities are to receive continuing support, the measurement of success needs to be broader than a set of statistical outputs. The academic literature queries whether business incubation works, and invites us to decide if the end result is of value or not. This paper considers additional ways to measure the success of this type of project. Applications for public funding in support of business incubators as part of an overall economic regeneration strategy should be able to provide a wider evaluation of effectiveness, and this paper seeks to develop a model to this purpose, to assist the ongoing development of incubator facilities in Wales. Practical implications -This study will be of interest to business incubation providers and entrepreneurial researchers in identifying valid and achievable success measures and should inform developments in this field. Originality/value -The paper provides a unique insight into a successful business incubation project and identifies the key to its on going success. Furthermore, the study identifies generic measures of success for a typical business incubation project based on the GTi experience and a detailed investigation of alternative business incubators.

In this article, I examine HP’s e-Inclusion program and its implementation in India to show how the high-tech industry’s efforts to alleviate poverty profitably are guided by C. K. Prahalad’s ideas about the Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP), and are framed as digital corporate citizenship activities. While the BoP highlights the importance of new markets for high-tech companies, the discourse of digital corporate citizenship creates an enabling environment in which transnational high-tech companies can gain political access to new consumers
at the BoP. The resulting digital corporate citizenship/BoP nexus leads to the extension of governments’ bureaucratic reach and the formation of electronic entrepreneurs.

Dung-Sheng Chen's book is an important addition to the growing literature on the question of why late developing countries are catching up with advanced countries in the field of technology, especially through the mechanism of technology diffusion and innovation. Using the development in Taiwan's integrated-circuit industry and TFT-LCD industry as examples, Chen examines the forces that shaped Taiwan's high-tech industry. He argues that the synergy of foreign technology and technology diffusion and innovation played a critical role, as did changes in organizational network. He approaches this question twofold: first, from a network governance structure, that of the trust relationships between organizations, and second, from the technology learning and development model, that of the trinity development model of technology introduction, technology diffusion and innovation. Chapter 2 describes the types and characteristic features of the organizational network in Taiwan's integrated-circuit industry. Chen frames this discussion by way of a theoretical analysis of the historical, social, political, and economic institutions that helped to create Taiwan's unique model of high-tech industrial organizational network. Chen argues that the organizational network in Taiwan's integrated-circuit industry has two prominent characteristics. The first is the hybrid product network that combines vertical specialization in the manufacturing process and horizontal specialization in the inter-organizational technology transfer and venture capital. The second is the relational characteristic with strong ties and weak ties combined in inter-organizational network. Primary personal relationships continue to play a focal role in the organizational network of Taiwan's small and medium-sized enterprise (SME). However, the results of Chen's analysis show that the organizational network of technology and capital-intensive industry uses both local network such as industrial cluster and global inter-organizational network as the situation demands. In this respect, the influence of past dependence is minimal when compared with that

This paper articulates the relational capacity of the nation-state, in particular the strategic coupling with the private sector and the role of state-private sector interactions, as the main force that facilitated the formation of a high-technology industry cluster, Teheran Valley (TV) in Seoul, Korea. A cluster of ICT entrepreneurs sprouted in a business district in Seoul during the post-1997 financial crisis economic downturn. Unlike the prototypical state-led top-down high-technology industry cluster development, a historic analysis shows that behind this seemingly serendipitous rise of TV lay two decades of the Korean government’s efforts to build the ICT industry sector and the dialectic interplay between the state and ICT entrepreneurs. In the process, the Korean state continuously revised its mode of governing the ICT industry sector, which I term ‘relational governance’: During the period between 1980 and the early 2000s of the industrial upgrading, the governance system of the ICT industry sector shifted from centralized planning to selective de-regulation through close partnership with ICT entrepreneurs, and then later to a more flexible mode of governance where the state re-centralized ICT policy making functions, but devised indirect ways of supporting the emerging ICT SMEs.

The Hsinchu Science-based Industrial Park (HSIP) has developed in the Hsinchu area for the two decades since 1981. It has provided an environment of innovation for stimulating the development of high-tech industries through the interaction of knowledge-based institutions and universities. This high-tech sector requires intensive R&D, continuous technology transfer and learning, development of a high-tech infrastructure, new generations of high-tech specialists, as well as government supports in order to integrate and promote the local industrial network. This paper investigates the form of the high-tech milieu surrounding the HSIP, and the effect of innovation on the development of firms based in the HSIP. The findings report the key successes of the HSIP and the formation of a high-tech environment and innovation network in the Hsinchu area. Finally, building on the results of further investigation and comments from interviewees, we propose a strategy of innovation-oriented development to further pursue development within the HSIP in response to the increasingly intense global competition.

Innovation is historically linked to the creation of large departments of Research & Development (R&D) that require large investments in assets. With markets globalization, the department of R&D remains one of the pillars of innovation, but it needs a rethinking of the management. The new R&D department needs to change by a vision of closing within the corporate boundaries to an opening view to the outside. Product development is carried out through several conducts taken by companies ranging from Reverse R&D processes to collaborations with direct competitors for the sharing of risks and knowledge. Generally, and more precisely in high-tech industry, technological advancements and the ability to develop fast-cycle processes by followers are generating an abatement of the timely barriers that allowed first movers to maintain competitive advantages; so, in global markets, the management of imitative strategies becomes of primary importance.

We provide a brief but comprehensive overview of linkages between higher education and the high tech sector and study the major linkages in India. We find that the links outside of the labor market are weak. This is attributed to a regulatory structure that separates research from the university and discourages good faculty from joining, which erodes the quality of the intellectual capital necessary to generate new knowledge. In the labor market, we find a robust link between higher education and high-tech industry, but despite a strong private sector supply response to the growth of the high-tech industry, the quality leaves much to be desired. Poor university governance may be limiting both labor market and non-labor market linkages. Industry efforts to improve the quality of graduates are promising but over reliance on industry risks compromising workforce flexibility. Addressing the governance failures in higher education is necessary to strengthen the links between higher education and high tech industry.

This paper studies the role of production mode in determining the effects of increase in uncertainty on the choice of investment outlay. In a continuous-time model of optimal capital investment with innovative R&D under demand uncertainty, we show that investments in both capital and innovative research decrease with an increase in uncertainty, and that such investments rise with the level of primary demand. Our result sheds light on the mode of production as a source of the negative investmentuncertainty relationship. JEL Classification: D24, D40, D81, D92, E22, L23

Inter-firm R&D collaboration is valuable for companies when it helps them to gain complementary intellectual resources, access to diverse markets, share product development's cost, shorten the time to market of new products, and avoiding redundant expenditures. This kind of collaboration could be considered as a good way responding to the modern business world today which is dynamic, complex, and intensively competitive. This research therefore focus on the role of Intellectual property shared and used in Design service where inter-firm R&D collaboration is major activity, the supporting functions of IP management's core components developed in previous research. Conducting a survey from new product development managers of Taiwan's high-tech industry, this research's result shows that Know how-related intellectual property has positive effects on indicating factors of design service performance such as Time to market, productivity, quality, and efficiency. Another result indicates that four of IP management's core components are positive associated with the performance of design service, those core components are: Legalization capability, intra-firm relationship capability, collaboration formation capability, and main goal of collaboration.

The best solution to solve a problem of unemployment, in country like India, is to have as many Job Creators as possible, so we need Entrepreneurs. Various Government and Non Government agencies are doing lot of work to promote Entrepreneurship. Particularly Government of India is doing great work to promote Techno-Entrepreneurship by providing support through various agencies under the umbrella of Department of Science and Technology (DST). Even it has established National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board under DST. In this paper we will try to give information and study, mainly exploratory, related to these support activities to convert Techno-innovation to Techno-Entrepreneurship by keeping main focus on Technology Business Incubation approach in India. Here we are trying to give conceptual model to establish relationship between Techno-Innovation and Techno-Entrepreneurship. And this will be substantiated by various Techno-Innovation and Techno-Entrepreneurship illustrations of real life. Here, the major focus is given to Technology Business Incubation approach to support and create Techno-Entrepreneurship from Techno-innovation. This paper will show a research gap, in the context of India, in the area of Techno-entrepreneurship through Technology Business Incubation. This can be further useful for research in broader sense in future in this context. This paper also give ideas about which kind of research is possible in the context India in this area.