Cyborg

Mankind’s dependence on artificial intelligence and robotics is increasing rapidly as technology becomes more advanced. Finding a way to seamlessly intertwine these two worlds will help boost productivity in society and aid in a variety of ways in modern civilization.

Androids, Cyborgs, and Robots in Contemporary Culture and Society is an essential scholarly resource that delves into the current issues, methodologies, and trends relating to advanced robotic technology in the modern world. Featuring relevant topics that include STEM technologies, brain-controlled androids, biped robots, and media perception, this publication is ideal for engineers, academicians, students, and researchers that would like to stay current with the latest developments in the world of evolving robotics.

Donna Haraways Cyborg Manifest (1991/1995) als frühe kritischfeministische Auseinandersetzung mit Technologie und TechnoScience bietet einen spannenden Ausgangspunkt für Debatten über Digitalisierung. Cyborgs als uneindeutige Hybride aus Mensch und Maschine ermöglichen Denkbewegungen und Handlungsoptionen, die einer nötigen intersektionalen Perspektive gerecht werden, an vorherige kritische Theorien anschließen und darüber hinausgehen. Während es in der Statistik und Informatik noch vermeintliche Eindeutigkeiten zu geben scheint, sind es für Haraways Cyborgs eher die Uneindeutigkeiten, die uns Veränderungen, Teilhabe und den Abbau sozialer Ungleichheiten ermöglichen. Cyborgs sind hybride, kybernetische Organismen zusammengesetzt aus unterschiedlichen Identitäten, Zeiten, Räumen und Milieus und verbinden so soziale Realitäten und Fiktion. Dadurch ermöglichen Cyborgs, das
Unmögliche zu denken. 
In der Psychologie werden Emotionen, Absichts- und Handlungsorganisationen mit Computern simuliert. Die vielfältigen Reaktionen darauf reichen von innerem Widerstand über Erleichterung, kein Roboter zu sein, bis hin zu intersektionalen Erweiterungen.
Die queer-feministische postkoloniale und widersprüchliche Figur der Cyborg sucht Umgangsweisen bezüglich der oben beschriebenen Identitäten de- und rekonstruierenden Dilemmaspirale.
Der Artikel versucht die sozialen, diskursiven und performativen Praxen der
Cyborg auf die Psychologie und Psychotherapie zu übertragen und schlägt vor, die Figur »Psyborg« zu kreieren. Queere postkoloniale Psyborgs reflektieren die eigenen intersektionalen Privilegien und setzen sich mit Diskriminierungen auseinander. Gemeinsam mit Klient*innen, Therapeut*innen und Psycholog*innen, Beforschten und Forschenden suchen Psyborgs Normen dekonstruierende Gegenentwürfe, unterstützen das Erzählen neuer Geschichten und den Mut zu Veruneindeutigungen, Widersprüchen und Verbindendem. Weiterhin spannen Psyborgs Netze und Netzwerke zwischen Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft und erweitern die eigenen sowie die der Klient*innen und Beforschten um antidiskriminierende Netzwerke und Anlaufstellen.

The PhD dissertation Cyberpunk and New Media Art: Digital Art and Performance aims to examine the literary and visual legacy of the Cyberpunk movement and to explore its ideas, concepts and methodologies in the context of New Media artistic practices. The goal of this work is to comment on a multidisciplinary level on the influence of Cyberpunk theory and aesthetics. Furthermore, it seeks to identify its practice in the construction of the creative mechanisms of contemporary digital art and media performance.
The Cyberpunk phenomenon is approached through the definition of its socio- historical, philosophical and aesthetic context as a science fiction genre. Likewise, New Media Art is defined through the characteristics of its language, its precursors, its pioneers and the state of the digital art currents. By focusing on the terminology and the creative expression of Cyberpunk and Media Art, this thesis sets off to examine the artistic results that emerge from their union. Special emphasis is given to the fields of virtual technologies, technology and mythology and the body as a technologically enhanced interface.

This research aims to analyze from a legal perspective and various epistemological frames, a paper refered to human rights, in relation to transhumanism and posthumanism. It will be taken as the central axis, the biotechnology, being more than an object but as an extension of the human body, in order to demonstrate cases of fundamental rights violations of those people who improve themselves technologically, whether by balancing a deficit to improve physical or mental abilities, in harmony with the the progressiveness of rights.

Foremost; The Cyborg Student. The cyborg is student identity in the digital age. They use digital technology as references and material of projects. Combination of information and digital technology shape psychologically student as a cyborg.
Opinion; Environmental Investment in the Metaverse. Immersing into metaverse as a new hype of digital trend has huge carbon emission. Therefore, companies of digital technology and users must take a commitment of environmental investment to reduce the emission by the eco-friendly decision such as electronic devices selection, and environmental conservation by the financial scheme of corporate social responsibility.

Esta obra tiene la finalidad de hacer una análisis exhaustivo relacionado con los derechos humanos, el transhumanismo y posthumanismo, específicamente en los cíborgs, para ello se hace un análisis que comprende al animalismo, humanismo, transhumanismo, posthumanismo y las máquinas, con el fin de identificar conceptualmente y jurídicamente cada sujeto. A la vez se abarcan diversos encuadres epistemológicos, creando una investigación completa con pilares en diversas ciencia auxiliares del derecho.

En lo que respecta a lo legal, se abarca teoría fundamental de derechos humanos, así como sus generaciones y el surgimiento de derechos emergentes. Se hace un catálogo de todos los derechos humanos identificables, así como instrumentos jurídico-sociales de transhumanismo, para concluir con un juicio de ponderación de un caso en concreto.

Link oficial: https://riudg.udg.mx/visor/pdfjs/viewer.jsp?in=j&pdf=20.500.12104/80402/1/MCUCSH00052FT.pdf

"Representations", N. 129, Winter 2015.

The essay analyzes the project of maintaining the body of V. I. Lenin in the Mausoleum in Moscow for the past ninety years, focusing on the unique biological science that developed around this project, and the unexpected political role this body has performed.

Lunettes, stimulateurs cardiaques, prothèses dentaires, audioprothèses, implants mammaires, bras mécatroniques, etc. : notre monde nous plonge de plus en plus dans un univers de prothèses – l'âge venant, peu d'entre nous y échappent. Cette hybridation change nos vies et notre quotidien. Elle concerne des aspects à la fois variés et essentiels : les gestes moteurs, les perceptions, l'expression de soi, l'esthétique, l'identité, l'interface et la connexion avec le monde. Les prothèses peuvent compenser une capacité défaillante. Elles peuvent aussi apporter des capacités modifiées voire inédites. Elles transforment la relation que nous entretenons avec le monde, avec autrui et avec nous-mêmes. Certaines prothèses ne relèvent plus de la compensation mais de l'augmentation ou de la modification d'une capacité ordinaire.
Il semble ainsi bienvenu d'étudier l'abondante source de réflexions prothétiques qu'apporte la science-fiction sous toutes ses formes (roman, film, bande dessinée, design, jeu vidéo, art…) Les contributeurs et contributrices de cet ouvrage révèlent la richesse et la profondeur des explorations que la science-fiction a produites depuis plus d'un siècle. Elle nous donne à vivre une multitude d'expériences par procuration qui mêlent anticipations, rêveries, interrogations personnelles et questions sociopolitiques.
Cet ouvrage académique a bénéficié de l'évaluation d'un comité de lecture universitaire associant la société savante Stella Incognita et l'Association Académique pour les Humanités (AAH). Il est aussi le fruit d'une collaboration avec le consortium de recherche Corps et Prothèses (corps-protheses.org).

In Fantasies of Self-Mourning Ruben Borg describes the formal features of a posthuman, cyborgian imaginary at work in modernism. The book’s central claim is that modernism invents the posthuman as a way to think through the contradictions of its historical moment. Borg develops a posthumanist critique of the concept of organic life based on comparative readings of Pirandello, Woolf, Beckett, and Flann O’Brien, alongside discussions of Alfred Hitchcock, Chris Marker, Béla Tarr, Ridley Scott and Mamoru Oshii. The argument draws together a cluster of modernist narratives that contemplate the separation of a cybernetic eye from a human body—or call for a tearing up of the body understood as a discrete organic unit capable of synthesizing desire and sense perception.

A Senior Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of the Arts degree in the Gallatin School of Individualized Study. This paper moves through the film genre theory of tech-noir, and discusses the feminist propensities of the hybrid genre through the two case studies of Blade Runner and Ex Machina.

This work aims to make a comprehensive analysis related to human rights, transhumanism and posthumanism, specifically in the cyborgs, for this an analysis is made that includes animalism, humanism, transhumanism, posthumanism and machines, in order to Identify each subject conceptually and legally. At the same time, diverse epistemological frameworks are covered, creating a complete investigation with pillars in diverse law science aids. With regard to the legal, fundamental human rights theory is included, as well as their generations and the emergence of emerging rights. A catalog of all identifiable human rights is made, as well as legal-social instruments of transhumanism, to conclude with a weighting judgment in a specific case.

Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, son un pilar fundamental para el desarrollo de la humanidad, siendo utilizadas como objeto, medio y fin. Son tan importantes en la vida humana, que han realizado cambios trascendentes en los paradigma contemporáneos, respecto a la democracia, participación social, legitimidad y organización, teniendo como resultado nuevas percepciones de ver el mundo. Es así que la presente investigación pretende abordar a grosso modo las intersecciones entre las tecnologías disruptivas y la sociedades contemporáneas, abordando temas de democracia, gobernanza, terceros de confianza, comunicaciones entre las personas y las máquinas, big data, objetos como el Internet de las cosas, los cyborg y la inteligencia artificial, concluyendo con Blockchain o mejor conocida como cadena de bloques, la cual se define como un registro contable de tecnología descentralizada, distribuida y actualizada mediante mecanismos de consenso que ha llegado para revolucionar el mundo.
Link: http://bit.ly/democracia-tecnologica

The works of biologist and feminist theorist Donna Haraway have been almost indispensable in the debates of feminist theory since the 1980s. Especially her work on the figure of the cyborg is of major importance for research in feminist science studies until today. However, Haraway has long since situated the cyborg "in the much bigger, queer family of companion species" (Haraway 2003). Her later works on companion species, especially in German-speaking countries, though have hardly been included in debates on the relationship between technology, gender and ecology, as well as their ethics and politics. This article provides a relational reading of Haraway's figures of the cyborg and companion species and locates them in broader debates of feminist theory. At the center of the argument is the thesis that the late works can be read as an extension of Haraway's hitherto mainly political-epistemological program to an ethical problematization. The article then situates her move towards companion species within both, the "material turn" and the "ethical turn" in feminist theory. Against the background of this reading, the article points out a perspective for feminist science studies that systematically integrates ecological questions in intersectional analyses.

Partindo das três clássicas feridas narcísicas da humanidade, quais sejam, a copernicana, a darwiniana e a freudiana, analisa-se a influência e a potência da cibertecnologia como movimento de modificação do humano em sua versão pós-humana, uma quarta e irreversível ferida narcísica.

Der Transhumanismus ist eine Sozialtheorie, die die moralische Pflicht zur Überschreitung der Grenzen des Menschen formuliert. Im Kontext des Wandels hin zu einer Optimierungs- und Upgradekultur sowie der umfassenden Digitalisierung kommt einer solchen Sozialtheorie besondere Bedeutung zu. Aber kann man aus den gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen, die Leben und Körper, Kommunikation und Arbeit sowie Selbst-und Weltverhältnisse in der Tat zutiefst betreffen, wirklich die Anzeichen einer inner-weltlichen transhumanen Erlösung herauslesen? Die Autoren des Bandes zeigen Perspektiven auf, die diese gesellschaftlichen Wandlungsprozesse ernst nehmen, aber zu ihrer humanen Gestaltung aufrufen.

This chapter sketches the development of the posthuman image in science fiction (SF) cinema over the last few decades, moving from anxiety over identity to mediated memories, and from the awareness of affect to love relations.  The author links these different figurations of the posthuman to specific cinematic techniques, thematic tropes and narrative forms. At the end the chapter discusses the vexed question of love relations between humans and the posthumans in sci-fi films.

Esta investigación pretende analizar desde la perspectiva legal y de diversos encuadres epistemológicos, un estudio referente a los derechos humanos, en relación con el transhumanismo y posthumanismo. Se tomará como eje central, la tecnología implantada en el cuerpo, siendo más que un objeto y como una extensión al cuerpo humano, con el fin de demostrar casos de violación de derechos fundamentales de aquellas personas que se mejoran tecnológicamente, ya sea por equilibrar un déficit o mejorar las capacidades físicas o mentales, lo anterior en armonía de asegurar la progresividad de los derechos.

How can one define what is a normal body in the XXI Century? When amputee runners using high-performance prosthetics like Oscar Pistorius demand an upgrade from the status of para-athletes to be accepted as "normal" athletes in the Olympic Games, while being considered, paradoxically, as more-than-human entities by a commonsensical approach because of a supposed edge over bodies without said prosthetics, every rule governing our bodies necessarily change. Following the thoughts on norms and normality studied by Georges Canguilhem in The Normal and The Pathological and also the need to treat the different "grades" of humanity by different sets of rules, according concepts presented by Michel Foucault in The Birth of The Clinic, this paper aims to present, through the example of fictional character Jared Dirac, created by science fiction writer John Scalzi in his trilogy Old Man´s War, the reading of a science fiction narrative as a kind of "user´s guide", in order to propose solutions to impasses which are now beginning to be created by the advent of post-humanity.

In feminist studies, the figure of the mermaid has long been regarded as flawed, disabled and less-than-human. Her theoretical counterpart in that respect would be the cyborg, an image used to show that with the aid of robotics, humankind could be larger than life. What would happen if we could combine those two images and apply them to create " super love " more-than-human relationships? This article explores the possibilities of technology for " mermaids " , people who normally fall outside the norm, to satisfy human desires in a new way. Two case studies will be presented, first we will look at people who identify as having ASD (Autism Spectre Disorders) and second we explore the use of technology for people who have BDSM-oriented desires (related to Bondage and Discipline (B&D), Dominance and Submission (D&S), and Sadism and Masochism (S&M)). We briefly discuss the added value of practice theory for exploring how people are altered by technè.

When we think of the cyborg, we often only think of Donna Haraway (1985), and perhaps The Terminator. However, the cyborg did not begin there. The speculative concept of the cyborg was a strong figure in the 1950s with the physical cyborg approach, actively participating in the international space race. In the 1980s, we saw the metaphorical approach, not only informing human-technology relations, but also promoting a gendered and political ideology in the industrial post-cold war climate. For the next two decades, cyborg anthropology stood in Haraway’s (1985) shadow, and that is where the concept ends. Although these three approaches share a commonality in destabilising binaries and the promotion of duality within human embodiment, they differ in agendas and focus upon technological artefacts, as you may imagine in times of technological development. This paper considers how the theoretical cyborg has evolved, where it stands in the current field, and whether there is further reach for the figure. Peculiarly, despite the rapid increase in technological development, the theoretical field remains undeveloped. During the rise of cyborg anthropology, we saw a shift in the use of language to talk about technology. We moved away from ‘cyber’ to the ‘digital’. Have we moved away from the cyborg because we can no longer speculate on our interactions with technology as it has become a reality?

Inspired by the relatively simple morphological blueprint provided by batoid fish such as stingrays and skates, we created a biohybrid system that enables an artificial animal—a tissue-engineered ray—to swim and phototactically follow a light cue. By patterning dissociated rat cardiomyocytes on an elastomeric body enclosing a microfabricated gold skeleton, we replicated fish morphology at Embedded Image scale and captured basic fin deflection patterns of batoid fish. Optogenetics allows for phototactic guidance, steering, and turning maneuvers. Optical stimulation induced sequential muscle activation via serpentine-patterned muscle circuits, leading to coordinated undulatory swimming. The speed and direction of the ray was controlled by modulating light frequency and by independently eliciting right and left fins, allowing the biohybrid machine to maneuver through an obstacle course.

This article maps the metaphors that have been used to facilitate human engagement with wearable technologies – extension, enhancement, augmentation – and locates the values and assumptions about the body and technology that they articulate. At the same time it considers the figure of the cyborg, in which many of these metaphors are incorporated fictionally and theoretically, and locates in this figure not one (interrogative, critical) meaning, but many possible meanings. The article then goes on to explore a recent reconfiguring of the human–technology relationship (Schroeder and Rebelo’s 2007 analogy with the relationship between musician and intstrument), which it describes in terms of engagement – and to propose further that we need to embrace fully the embodied character of this relationship in order to realize the most creative possibilities of our relationship with the material world as expressed in this recent technology.

Study on cyborgs and their later development in humanoids. Cyborgs is a being with both organic and biometric body
parts. In science fiction cyborg is a human being with visibly mechanical parts. Scientific change in the field has proved to be
beneficial for humans. Cyborgs in the sense are an additional organ or program that works to help people. People with
disabilities and internal or external injuries can use any robotic aid to stay healthy.

My master’s thesis. Notes toward a future. A critical engagement with Jean-Luc Nancy, Donna Haraway, and Jean Baudrillard, led by the question: what is it for a cyborg to read fiction? Networked flesh, tactile imaginary, cyborgic intimacy: or, how to navigate the world-machine.

As medical technology continues to progress, we are able to correct deficiencies in the body through means such as cochlear implants and prosthetic limbs. This has led some scholars to argue that we are creating technologized, cyborg bodies. However, these technologies have also enabled us to correct perceived cultural flaws in the body. This article explores the nature of the body through the lens of posthumanism, examining ways that individuals attempt to reshape their bodies through cosmetic surgery and other forms of body modification. Specifically, this article examines the practice of hymen restoration, Genesis Breyer P-Orridge’s artistic endeavours in cosmetic surgery and Stelarc’s cybernetic experimentations. These cases yield three potential visions of the body: the body must be restored; bodies must be unified; and the body must evolve. Such visions have consequences; the ways in which the body is rhetorically constructed influence how people choose to alter their own bodies. By considering the body itself as medium and as an interface with other technologies, we can better theorize what it truly means to be human.

Este ensayo muestra el universo de Arguedas, basado en dualidades como la vida y la muerte, la vida en la costa frente a la vida del interior, y la ficción mezclada con realidad. Se examina la crítica de John Beasley-Murray y José Antonio Giménez Micó, situando sus valoraciones de la reacción psicodélica de Don Diego a la máquina de la fábrica en el capítulo III de "El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo". El ensayo localiza el concepto de lo posthumano en la realidad social y refleja una cultura cambiante en el Perú por las “cyborg”-maquinarias, experimentada por el propio Don Diego. El capitalismo tiene un rol central en la transformación de la costa peruana, y se subraya la relación simbiótica que se desarrolla entre hombre y máquina como un lente para ver los problemas generales del Perú.

This article showcases the world of Arguedas, grounded in dualities such as life and death,coastal vs. inland living, and fiction mingled with reality. Stagnaro examines the critiques proposed by John Beasley-Murray and José Antonio Giménez Micó, situating their assessments of Don Diego’s psychodelic reaction to the factory machine in Chapter 3 of "The Fox From Up Above and the Fox From Down Below", by Arguedas. The essay locates poshumanismin social reality and reflects a culture changing in Peru via the cyborg machinery of the factory, as experienced by Don Diego. Capitalism plays a central role in the transformation of the Peruvian coast, and Stagnaro highlights the symbiotic relationship that develops between man and machine, using this as a lens to illustrate some of the overarching problems in Peru.

This paper advocates a re-introduction of the notion of cyborg in order to acquire a new perspective on studies concerning the development of human cognition in highly technological environments. In particular, we will show how the notion of cyborg properly engages cognitive issues that have a powerful resonance especially as far as social cognition is concerned, and may consequently provide a new tool for tackling the emergent safety issues concerning sociality mediated by the Internet, and the moral panic occasionally surrounding it.

We are cyborgs. We are transhumans; transitory people that exist in a luminal phase, waiting for a transfer to the posthuman world. Our children do not need education; it is cyborgization that ensures their development. This is the idea of transhumanistic philosophy, a thoroughly (non-/anti-)pedagogic idea. In this paper, I will present basic transhumanism ideas and stress the criticism on education created within this philosophy. This text is neither a systematic study on transhumanism nor a pedagogical analysis. It is merely an attempt at showing teachers how education can be deprecated in modern philosophies that are technologically-oriented.

This research aims to analyze from a legal perspective and various epistemological frames, a paper refered to human rights, in relation to transhumanism and posthumanism. It will be taken as the central axis, the biotechnology, being more than an object but as an extension of the human body, in order to demonstrate cases of fundamental rights violations of those people who improve themselves technologically, whether by balancing a deficit to improve  physical or mental abilities, in harmony with the the progressiveness of rights.

En esta ponencia se abordan los principales impactos han tenido las recientes revoluciones científicas y técnicas, principalmente la robótica, la inteligencia artificial y la biotecnología, sobre el poder organizacional y los modos de gestión organizacional. Un tema convergente de estos procesos es el fuerte cambio sociocultural que ha amplificado a escalas inimaginables la circulación de los saberes, la gestión del conocimiento y las redes de conocimientos. Para desarrollar esta hipótesis se formulan las siguientes preguntas ¿Cómo se afecta el rol de las organizaciones y el papel que en ellas desempeñan los seres humanos con la informática, la biotecnología y la robótica? ¿Hasta dónde la idea que la organización es un sistema decisional humano está siendo rebasada por sistemas complejos decisionales no humanos, afectando el poder organizacional y el management? ¿De qué forma las nuevas y emergentes tecnologías afectan los modos tradicionales de distribución y operación del poder? Se alude aquí a la ciborización, proceso en el que las máquinas inteligentes y la inteligencia artificial, han generado fuertes influencias en los procesos humanos; implica por un lado, un incremento de la productividad y la eficiencia empresarial y organizacional; por otro lado, estas influencias también producen impactos negativos si se considera que hay una pérdida y sustitución del trabajo humano por procesos automatizados y expertos, incluyendo la propia automatización del control y los procesos de retroalimentación organizacional.

A twelfth century bronze from Tamilnadu, Shiva as the King of Dance (Natraja) shows Shiva crushing with his right foot a dwarf crouching on a lotus. His left leg is lifted across his body. He has four hands. One of his right hands reassures the devotee. The second right hand plays a small hand drum, while one of his left hands showing the half-moon gesture is holding fire. His legs and four arms convey a sense of blissful and energetic dance. So does the hair, flying on both sides, and the long end of his sash. His flying hair seems like waves of water. In the hair, not far from
the hand holding a drum, I can see a tiny figure of the river goddess Ganga. Shiva, the Natraja is embedded in the centre of a ring of fire. The ring is joined to a tall crown placed on his head. On his forehead, right at the centre, one can see a small upright, almond-like indention.

Early development of Wearables emerged though professional silos of computer science and fashion design and resulted in two distinct branches typified by an aesthetic approach from fashion and by a function and ocularcentric approach from science. Attempts at collaboration between these silos tended to bring the two methodologies into conflict and often produced awkward
results. Computer science is a field traditionally dominated by men and fashion design by women, so what is the future for wearable’s evolution as professions are becoming less gendered? In 2009 the author established the Wearables Lab in Hong Kong. In 2012 and 2014 the Wearables Lab hosted research initiatives specifically focused on haptic interfaces where wearables are viewed as an interface between the body and the world. This article maps key themes of this research leading to speculative designs for evolutionary wearables.

The broad aim of this paper is to question the ambiguous relationship between technology and intelligence. More specifically, it addresses the reasons why the ever-increasing reliance on smart technologies and wide repositories of data does not necessarily increase the display of "smart" or even "intelligent" behaviors, but rather increases new instances of "brutality" as a mix of ignorance and violence. We claim that the answer can be found in the cyborg theory, and more specifically in the possibility to blend (not always for the best) different kinds of intentionality.

Na via de Frankenstein: do Homo Sapiens ao Cyborg, Lisboa, CLEPUL | FLUL | FCT (col. “Ensaio BREVE -Lusofonias”), 2020 [https://wsimag.com/pt/ciencia-e-tecnologia/59297-na-via-de-frankenstein-do-homo-sapiens-ao-cyborg] [https://wsimag.com/pt/ciencia-e-tecnologia/60671-transumanismo]

Cyberpunk City Utopian in William Gibson's "Neuromancer"
This artlicle presents an analysis of the space, or rather non-space of a virtual city described by William Gibson in his cyberpunk novel 'Neuromancer". It is proposed that the concept of the city in the book was based on the figure of a mirror and mirror image, a play of 'the same' with 'the other one': the physically, materially and thus spatially existing city is reflected in cyberspace (non-space), with the cybercity copying but at the same time distorting the image of the material city. These distortions are further discussed in the text. The mirror model of the cybercity and its urban planning is juxtaposed with other variants based on the figures of the jungle., underground and depth.

Tech-noir is a modern genre hybridization that critics have struggled to define due to the elusive nature of the film noir mood, or genre. My paper is concerned with arriving at a definition of this hybrid genre, and arguing that films belonging to it necessitate feminist readings. The resounding goals of my paper are threefold: first, to synthesize a definition of the tech-noir hybrid genre; second, to focus my examinations on the femme fatale with a technological embodiment; and third, to analyze Ava, the robot in Ex Machina (2015) as a quintessential example of this tech-noir femme fatale, whose very embodiment is laden with feminist conceptions of the performativity of sex/gender. Tech-noir films often—almost explicitly—engage with feminist issues pertaining to the political implications of biological embodiment as well as to the notion of the social constructionism of sex/gender. The classic noir tropes of the depraved city, ambivalence towards technological advances, and the femme fatale all converge in the embodiment of the tech-noir woman, just as film noir envisions the threats of modern technology in association with the vengeful or powerful woman. She is the vessel for these themes as her body is the site on which our anxieties about technology and female agency are mapped. Thus, tech-noir emerges as a genre in which male anxieties are reflected and feminist theory intervenes with fervor. The paper will aim to answer one concise question: to what extent are films belonging to the tech-noir hybrid genre intrinsically feminist texts? I will perform a close reading of Ex Machina, to elucidate the definition of tech-noir, and apply a feminist lens to this emerging character of the technologized femme fatale to argue for the tech-noir as a vessel for feminist discourse.

A partir da campanha #somostodosparalímpicos, da revista Vogue Brasil, discutimos dinâmicas sociopolíticas do corpo e representações do corpo com deficiência no senso comum e nas redes sociais digitais. A metodologia partiu de uma abordagem de inspiração etnográfica para análise qualitativa, com o objetivo de compreender as relações sociopolíticas da representação de corpos e a representação de pessoas com deficiência a partir de mensagens articuladas pela hashtag da campanha. Foram analisadas as articulações entre a visibilidade da deficiência e o relacionamento simbiótico entre homem e máquina nas mídias sociais no contexto dos Jogos Paralímpicos. Se, por um lado, a campanha garantiu o aumento da venda de ingressos para a Paralimpíada, por outro, minimizou a representatividade de pessoas com deficiência tendo em vista a substituição dos paratletas por atores e a hibridização com corpos supostamente belos.