Conflict Management

Against the backdrop of the development of globalization, an increasing number of universities are elevating internationalization as one of the important indicators of development. As China's global influence continues to rise, it is also intensifying efforts to promote the internationalization of higher education institutions, placing emphasis on establishing international cooperative relationships with universities from many countries. However, in the process of internationalization, universities commonly experience cross-cultural conflicts. The situation is complex and ever-changing, posing challenges to the conflict management in the international cooperation between sino-foreign universities. This article, through a literature analysis research method, summarizes and organizes academic articles on conflict management in the context of university internationalization and the cross-cultural dimension, identifying that common conflict groups in the international cooperation between sino-foreign universities are stakeholders such as administrators, domestic/ foreign faculty and students, and organizational institutions, which include conflicts in psychological states and social adaptation. It is also found that current research on conflict management in the international cooperation between sino-foreign universities is not specific enough, and much of it still focuses on internal conflict management within universities, with a lack of research on conflict phenomena and conflict management across national borders and universities. Through this study, the aim is to provide a reference for further research on conflict management in the cooperation between sino-foreign universities and to explore effective conflict management measures.

In Yorubaland, Southwestern Nigeria, hometown associations are integral sociopolitical structures with preponderant impacts on the political, economic, and sociocultural development of their respective towns. Hometown Associations represent people's consciousness of their collective affinity with the same places of ancestral origin and their aspirations towards its development. The formation of Hometown Associations commenced in Yorubaland in the seconddecade of the twentieth century. The earliest examples include EgbeAgbao'tan in Ibadan, The Young Ìjèṣà Improvement Society, Ibadan Progressive Union and Ogbomoso Progressive Union. The Young Ìjèṣà Improvement Society, popularly referred to as EgbeAtunluse Ile Ìjèṣà, like some of its contemporaries mentioned above, was established in response to the British Indirect Rule system with its attendant implication of political elevation or subordination of one Yoruba towns against another. Hence, its main objective was to enhance the political stake of the Ìjèṣà within the colonial structure and administration in Yorubaland. Despite the immense contributions of the society towards this end, discussions around its achievements are often focused on its interventions in physical infrastructure and the provision of social amenities. Using historical and analytical methodologies and drawing on both primary and secondary sources, this paper argues that while the society's contributions to public infrastructure remain indisputable, it does not connote the totality of its achievement. It concludes that the objective for which the Egbe was founded, and its greatest achievements, include the creation of an independent Ìjèṣà Division, the elevation of the Owa of Ilesha as a First-Class Chief,among others.

The general objective of this study is to produce a causal analysis of ethnic based violence using available secondary data. This is necessary to guide national and state social engineering drives to stem the tide of growing ethnic based violence in Nigeria especially in the North. Number of ethnic groups per state, literacy level per state and poverty level per state were used as independent variables. Both correlation and regression statistics were employed to identify the pattern and significance of relationships among the variables. Two working hypotheses were set: That level of human development measured in terms of education and wealth have significant relationship with incidence of ethnic based violence across Nigeria. The second is, ethnic based violence is caused by intensity of ethnic combination per state. From the analysis, Number of ethnic groupings per state has highest correlation (0.53), followed by poverty level (0.31) while literacy level has negative correlation (...

This study investigated the effects of conflict management on organizational performance, focusing on the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in Kogi State. The research employs a survey design approach. The total population for the study comprises of 315 employees of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in Kogi State, which involves the State Headquarters and branches in the twenty one Local Government Areas in Kogi State with a total population of (315). The study adopted Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size formular to arrive at 169. A total of 169 questionnaires were distributed to staffs of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in Kogi State. Furthermore, 169 questionnaires were completely filled and returned. The study used multiple linear regression and frequency table to analyze the result. Findings reveals that accommodating conflict management style demonstrates a significant and positive effect on organizational performance, with a tstatistic of 12.464, a beta coefficient of 0.564, and a significance level of 0.000. Furthermore, the collaborative conflict management style significantly and positively affects organizational performance, as evidenced by a t-statistic of 8.019, a beta coefficient of 0.406, and a significance level of 0.000. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the critical role of conflict management styles in shaping organizational performance. The study recommended that the independent National Electoral Commission in Kogi State, Nigeria, consider integrating and promoting accommodating conflict resolution approach within their organizational culture. It was also recommended that organizations should actively promote collaborative approach, particularly in scenarios where creative problem-solving and consensus-building are critical.

Şam düştü. Görülen o ki büyük devletler ‘büyük resimde’ anlaşmış görünüyorlar. Ortadoğu, iki Apartheid rejimi (Türkiye ve İsrail) tarafından yeniden tasarlanmaya doğru hızla yuvarlanıyor gibi... Türkiye ve İsrail’in başta gizli servisleri olmak üzere ortak hareket ettikleri ve dayanışma içinde oldukları genel kabul gören bir görüş. Henüz bilinmeyen, bu ortaklığın siyasi bir ortaklığa doğru evrilip evrilmeyeceği… Bu yazının iddiası bu siyasi ortaklığın potansiyel olarak önünün açıldığı ve eğer taraflar anlaşırlarsa, bu yakınlaşmanın Ortadoğu’ya kısmi bir istikrar getireceğidir. Çünkü, Ortadoğu’nun en temel problemi, ‘bölgesel hegemon’ yokluğudur ve bu iki ülke koalisyonu böyle bir boşluğu doldurma potansiyeline sahiptir.

Sustainable forest management and multi-functionality are the paradigms that underpin forest management at European level. Their emergence has led to an increased expectation among stakeholders as to the goods and services that forests can and should deliver. Stakeholders often have differing and competing interests in this regard which leads to conflicts. There is also an increasing number of policies that place demands on forests. The conflicting interests and objectives of these policies also give rise to conflicts when these policies are being implemented. This paper examines forestry stakeholders' perceptions of forest resource conflicts within two case study areas in Ireland: Newmarket and the Western Peatlands. These study areas were chosen because they represent landscapes with a recent history of extensive afforestation.The theoretical framework used is an adapted natural resource conflict situation framework based on the substantive, procedural and relationship dimensions of a conflict situation. Empirical data were collected using semi-structured one-to-one interviews with representatives of various stakeholder groups within the study areas. Eight major conflict frames within the natural resource conflict situation framework were identified. An analysis of these frames showed that forest-related conflicts inherently follow the substantive, procedural and relationship dimensions of a natural resource conflict situation. The substance of most of the conflicts centred both on the differing views of stakeholders as to the role of forests and on the conflicting demands being placed by overlapping policy areas. The results further highlighted that the procedures used to deliver policies as well as the distrust between stakeholders often exacerbate the conflict. The findings highlight that implementing the concept of multi-functional forestry and its interrelated complexity remains a challenge at landscape level. The paper concludes that a land-use planning approach is required to better integrate forest-related polices to reduce incoherencies and minimise the conflicts between them. Such an approach needs to involve the participation of stakeholders so as to ensure that any conflicts that do arise can be managed effectively.

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Border clashes between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan have left dozens dead and thousands of civilians displaced. This territorial dispute ranks among Central Asia's most serious conflicts. The situation between these former Soviet republics has intensified a lot. Both countries now deploy military forces and regularly clash over disputed border areas. Several complex issues fuel this conflict. The problems started with Soviet-era border disputes and grew worse due to fights over water resources and ethnic tensions. The increasing military presence along the borders threatens regional stability and disrupts local communities. Both countries don't deal very well with these challenges. Peace in the region needs multinational support through diplomatic, economic, and security measures. Root Causes of the Border Tensions Soviet-era boundary demarcation mechanisms continue to fuel border tensions between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, where 471 kilometers of shared territory remains disputed. [1] This unresolved territorial status has created a complex crisis that affects both countries' stability and growth.

O ensaio procura explicar a dinâmica do "catch-up" industrial brasileiro nos últimos 60 anos através de uma discussão de suas condições institucionais subjacentes, bem como de seus principais aspectos macroeconômicos. Após uma breve introdução, a segunda seção descreve como após as inovações institucionais introduzidas durante os governos Vargas e Kubitschek, uma versão brasileira do estado desenvolvimentista foi criada, liberando o potencial de crescimento da economia durante os anos 50. A terceira seção analisa a crise inflacionária e a inércia institucional de meados dos anos 60, e sua solução através da introdução de uma nova onda de inovações institucionais e mecanismos de administração de conflitos, que levaram ao milagre de crescimento brasileiro, até que a crise da dívida do início dos anos 80 sinalizou seu fim. A quarta seção analisa por que a crise financeira, juntamente às mudanças institucionais ineficazes e os mal-sucedidos planos de estabilização levou a um estancamento do crescimento. Também inclui uma análise das reformas pró-mercado a partir do começo dos anos 90. A quinta seção conclui oferecendo uma breve discussão de como a narrativa analítica se adequa ao arcabouço institucional sob o qual foi criada.

This paper seeks to explain the dynamics of Brazilian industrial catch-up in the last 60 years by discussing its background institutional conditions as well as its main macroeconomic features. After a brief introduction, the second section describes how after the institutional innovations introduced during the Vargas' and Kubitschek's administrations, a Brazilian version of the Developmental State was created, releasing the growth potential of the economy during the 1950s. The third section analyses the inflationary crisis and institutional inertia of the mid-1960s, and its solution through the introduction of a new of wave of institutional innovations and conflict management devices, which lead to the Brazilian growth miracle, until the debt crisis of early 1980s signaled its end. The fourth section analyses why the financial crisis, …/.

With the current complexity of issues facing forest and land management, the implementation of the REDD+ initiative comes with significant risks, including conflict. While the exact nature and shape of conflict in REDD+ implementation is difficult to pinpoint, this study aims to build a preliminary predictive framework to identify possible sources of impairment that may result in conflict over management of forests and natural resources. The framework was developed from an extensive literature review and was tested in three REDD+ pilot project sites in Nepal. The results indicate that most of the sources of impairment are present in all study sites, particularly issues relating to benefit sharing, which have been main drivers of conflict prior to REDD+. While we found that the application of the framework has been useful in the Nepalese context, there are some limitations in its scope and precision. Nonetheless, this study points to important implications with regards to REDD+ implementation and conflict management that can be useful for policy makers and practitioners involved in REDD+ strategy designs, as well as other areas of forest management involving outsiders and communities.

The purpose of this paper is to examine alternative dispute resolution processes and their fundamental principles as well as its applicability in educational settings. First of all, the concept of conflict was explained. Second, the limitations of traditional conflict resolution processes were analyzed. Finally, discussing alternative dispute resolution processes, the paper concluded with implications for educational settings and recommendations.

Conflict between doctors and nurses is a notable phenomenon that affect the quality of healthcare service delivery to patients in hospitals. In order to achieve the overall objective for which healthcare system is set up, conflict between doctors and nurses must be managed in such a way that patients will not be at the receiving end. Therefore, this paper reviewed the effects of doctor-nurse conflict on patients' healthcare in Nigeria. Specifically, the paper examines the dimensions of doctors-nurses relationship in Nigerian healthcare system, identifies the types, the sources as well as the effects of doctors-nurses conflict especially on patients healthcare in Nigeria. Using social conflict theory, the paper adopted a theoretical approach and secondary sources of data collection. The paper revealed that the relationship between nurses and doctors takes the dimensions that can be likened to that of superior and subordinate relationship. The paper also highlighted constructive, destructive, vertical, horizontal, staff line, role and inner conflicts as types of conflict existing between doctors and nurses in most hospital. The paper identified gender differences, disparities in remuneration, lack of trust and mutual respect, power imbalance and quest for recognition among others, as sources of conflict between nurses and doctors in the healthcare system. The paper equally identified poor patient care coordination, patient's dissatisfaction, medication errors, failure to save patients, and even deaths as some of the effects of doctors-nurses conflict on patients' healthcare. The paper therefore concludes that disputes between nurses and doctors in a complex organization like the hospital are a part of everyday work and pose a serious threat to the attainment of the established objectives (which is to guarantee the quality of care provided to patients) if not well managed. Therefore, To improve patient healthcare, it is crucial for Nigerian public hospitals to address these conflicts through better communication protocols, team-building initiatives, and clearer delineation of roles and responsibilities. Enhancing interprofessional education and fostering a culture of mutual respect between doctors and nurses can help create a more harmonious working environment, ultimately benefiting patient care and overall health outcomes.

Konflik di sekolah sering terjadi antara guru, siswa, dan staf administrasi. Konflik yang tidak dikelola dengan baik bisa mengganggu suasana belajar dan mengurangi efektivitas kerja di sekolah. Literatur review ini bertujuan untuk mengulas berbagai cara yang bisa digunakan untuk mengelola konflik di sekolah. Beberapa pendekatan yang dibahas termasuk teori konflik, dan upaya penanganan konflik. Selain itu, peran kepala sekolah dan guru dalam mengelola konflik juga menjadi fokus utama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literature. Dengan manajemen konflik yang baik, sekolah bisa menjadi tempat yang lebih kondusif untuk belajar dan bekerja.

Kumaun Himalaya of Uttarakhand is known for its rich diversity of ethnomedicinal plant. It is inhabitant of various indigenous groups includes Bhotia, Tharu, Boxa and Van rawat. The present study aims to highlight the indigenous practices prevalent among Bhotia tribe of Kumaun of Uttarakhand for prenatal and postnatal care in women. In backward areas of Kumaun where modern facilities are not reachable fast, the tribe prefers their traditional knowledge for curing their ailments. It was observed that 15 plant species of 13 families were used by tribe for curing women health related problem.

The main aim of this paper is to analyze possible persistent French neo- colonialism in Africa. The first section deals with the theoretical framework of the term under scrutiny, followed by an analysis of the genesis of contemporary French foreign policy towards Africa by comparing the French presidential administrations, as well as analyzing the persistent French military presence in Africa. The paper also focuses on the study of France’s relations with African countries using the example of Côte d’Ivoire and of the French military intervention during the civil war in Côte d’Ivoire (2002). The paper discusses the main consequences of French interventions in the region, and the result of the analysis is a comprehensive assessment of current mutual relations and of the current French influence in sub-Saharan Africa

The purpose of the study was to examine the factors that hinder effective conflict management in Asante Akyem North District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The Population of the study included leaders of the various conflict management groups/individuals who have been involved in forestalling peace in Agogo in Asante Akyem North District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The case study design was adopted for the study. A purposive sampling technique was used to select all the twelve (12) participants for this study. The main instrument used for data collection for the study was an interview guide. The study revealed that the conflict between the farmers and the nomads in the Agogo could only be dealt with if there is no political power backing Fulani herdsmen in the enclave of Agogo. The study also concluded that the Fulanis have been able to defy the orders of the court by not withdrawing from the Agogo area. It is also recommended that the Government of Ghana and traditional author...

Abstract. Space and place are often assumed be mutually dependent physical and social characteristics of context. However, in mobile settings, this assump-tion can be contested. This paper presents a mobile functional system com-prised of a parent, a baby and a cart that exemplifies a ...

One of the challenges in developing public displays for urban settings is that the seductiveness for passers-by can quickly wear off. People often spend only a short time at the displays, and then rarely return. Two reasons might contribute to this: the content in the display, and the possibilities for interaction with the display, either solo or in groups. In this paper, we seek to understand how to better manage content and interactions and this way sustain engagement beyond the initial excitement. We introduce activities that require ...

The number of late marriages in Kashmir is increasing year after year. Social advancement, such as higher education and employment status, can lead to later marriage. Cultural factors, such as traditional roles, arranged marriages, and living with older parents, can impact the timing of marriage. Late marriages have become more common in Kashmir over the past 20-30 years. This will not contribute to a strong social structure or cultural identity in developed societies facing social anarchy challenges. Delays in other aspects of socioeconomic life can be compensated eventually.Ignoring the appropriate marriage age can be attributed to various factors. This article summarises the phenomenon of late marriages in Kashmir, examining the underlying causes and consequences. The study relies on both primary and secondary data

Conflict has been proven to be inescapable in the work environment because of the composite nature of organizations. The study on the Appraisal of the Relevance of Consultation in Organisational Conflict Management evaluated the relationship of consultation with conflict management in an organization. Deploying consultation strategies in conflict management douses the degree of impact and incidence of escalated conflict. The study administered a questionnaire to 200 respondents from Banking & Fintech, Manufacturing, Professional Institutes, Ministries, Departments and Agencies of Government, Telecommunication, and Oil & Gas sectors in Southwest Nigeria through Google Forms, while 177 responded. A questionnaire was designed and validated by Industrial and Labour Relations Experts before administering it. Data were analyzed using charts, tabulations, percentages, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) methods. Findings confirmed that relationships exist between conflict management and consultation as a form of social dialogue. Most respondents agreed in strong and mild terms that deploying social dialogue in conflict management can trim down conflict; facilitate collaboration; replace confrontational relationships; establish a harmonious industrial climate; and open and encourage channels for consensus building. Since conflict is an intrinsic feature of organizational relations, sustaining a mutual relationship requires a deliberate commitment to adopt conflict management strategies. Social dialogue through consultation proved to be a potent apparatus for promoting effective conflict management. This highlights the need for organizations to prioritize consultation as a strategic approach to conflict resolution, ensuring harmony and collaboration across workplace dynamics. Hence, it is recommended that consultation should be deployed as a procedure to manage conflict in an organization.

The aim of this research to examine the linking impression management and family to work conflict of the employees in different banking sector of Quetta, Pakistan. Where we studied if people opt for Impression Management to counter it, a sample of 232 employees was selected from 34 branches of different banks of Quetta, Pakistan. A single hypothesis was built which had 5 sub-hypothesis. Regression and correlation tests were conducted to find if there was any existence of a linking. To verify if any measurement error was affecting the variable, reliability and validity tests were conducted. The correlations tests reviled a positive relation of Family to Work Conflict towards impression management in the employees of banks. The more a person suffers from Family to Work conflict, the more Impression Management tactics are used.

was my constant, daily support in the last year, while I did the actual writing. She was literally on call for me whenever I needed her. Lee Paddy and Mari August were my support group members during my year of research and provided help over many rough spots. Carlotta Willis was there for me when I most needed a jump start and literally created the structure and timetable that allowed me to complete this work.. Without Peg Louraine on computer, I would not have met my deadlines. Her cheerful and enthusiastic responses to my anxious questions and her skill and knowledge about this process got me through the last few high pressure weeks. I want to express my deep appreciation to the faculty and, in particular, to the administrators of the school that was the focus of this study for the encouragement and support they gave me in taking an honest, piercing look at their mediation program. Although I cannot thank them by name, my heartfelt appreciation goes out to all of the faculty, parents, and students who filled out the surveys,

This paper uses 1992 nonunion employment arbitration awards to examine how parties currently use arbitration outside collective bargaining. It presents descriptive data on the costs of arbitration. It compares employer and employee claims, and finds that employees win higher damage awards. Employees recover a higher proportion of the damages they claim or have a better outcome than employers, notwith‐standing the theory that an arbitrator will rule in favor of employers because they have more resources to pay the arbitrator. While both employers and employees have lower outcomes when the arbitrator is paid a fee, this appears to be because the fee‐paying cases are higher stakes claims, and higher stakes claims result in proportionally lower damage awards. The findings tend to contradict the theory that employment arbitrators will be biased in favor of employers in a nonunion setting.

ABSTRAK
The National Police of the Republic of Indonesia is a law enforcement institution. Security and public order in the Indonesian people
by taking action against legal violators. The police as investigators and investigators are also authorized to carry out a person’s arrest
and human rights, with the provisions must be in accordance with a legal basis. In addition to the police, the Indonesian people also
need to help together to maintain security and order in Indonesia. Law and Government and the government must populate the law
and the government with no excuse “ The people involved are mostly police officers too.
Keywords : And Indonesia, the law in the police also with, the community in Indonesia.
ABSTRAK
Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia adalah suatu pranata penegakan hukum.keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat di
Indonesia masyarakat dengan menindak para pelanggar hukum. Kepolisian sebagai penyelidik dan penyidik juga berwenang untuk
melakukan penangkapan dan hak asasi seseorang,dengan ketentuan harus sesuai dengan suatu landasan hukum. Selain aparat
kepolisian,masyarakat Indonesia juga perlu turut membantu bersama dalam menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban di Indonesia. Hukum
dan pemerintah danwajib menjujung hukum dan pemerintah itu dengan tidak ada kecualianya”.artinya setiap masyarakat di Indonesia
wajib menjujung hukum yang ada di Indonesia dan menaati larangan yang dapat berupa perilaku-perilaku melanggar hukum dan
kalangan termasuk masyarakat Indonesia sendiri. orang-orang yang terlibat didalamnya kebanyakan merupakan anggota polisi juga.
Kata kunci : Dan,Indonesia yang, Hukum dalam Polisi juga dengan,masyarakat di Indonesia kepolisia

Using a multiple case study approach, we interviewed 14 instructional designers working at different universities to explore the approaches and strategies they utilized when experiencing conflict with faculty. While past practitioner-based research has identified strategies instructional designers employ to cultivate effective and productive collaborations with faculty, there are no similar publications examining how practitioners in the field handle conflict with faculty during these collaborations. Based on an analysis of the interview data, we uncovered conflict prevention and management strategies used by instructional designers that synchronizes with three phases of a typical faculty collaboration timelines: (1) at the outset of the collaboration (2) during the collaboration; and (3) post collaboration. Results suggest an interconnectedness across the approaches and strategies. This article concludes with a discussion of our findings including future research and implications.

The management of international rivers is increasingly marked by a heightened attention to and growth in institutions at the river-basin level to promote cooperation and resolve conflicts between states in a basin. Yet, little theoretical and empirical research exists to understand when these institutions are most effective. Here we draw from diverse literatures, including work on social and ecological systems, international institutions, common-pool resources, and international waters, to capture and integrate the design elements associated with effective collaborative management along an international river. We apply and test the validity of our model in a plausibility probe through the analysis of the conflict between Argentina and Uruguay over the construction of pulp mills along the Uruguay River, and the role of the established and functioning river basin organization—the Administrative Commission of the Uruguay River (CARU)—in this conflict. We re-examine our model based on o...

Bilgi ve iletisim tekonojilerinde meydana gelen gelismeler ulkelerin cikarlarini koruma, amaclarina ulasmakta kullandiklari yontemlere ve bu baglamda uluslararasi iliskilerde guc kavramina yeni boyutlar kazandirmistir. Etkin olmak isteyen ulkeler icin artik devletlerarasindaki iliskilerin yeterli olmadigi, diger ulke kamuoylarini etkilemeyi hedefleyen politikalarin uyguladigi Kamu Diplomasisi onem kazanmistir. Ince gucun kullanildigi Kamu Diplomasisinin en etkili oldugu cografyalar ise ulkelerin kulturel, siyasi, tarihi etki sahâlâridir. Bu baglamda Turkiye’de ince guc kaynaklarinin yogun oldugu Ortadogu’da Kamu Diplomasisi faaliyetleri ile avantaj saglamaya calismaktadir. Bu makalede Turk Dis Politikasi yurutenlerin Ortadogu’da ince guc ve Kamu Diplomasisi kavramini siklikla kullanidigi 2003 yili sonrasindaki uygulamalar ve ortaya cikan ivme ile “Arap Bahari” sonrasinda gelinen surec degerlendirilmeye calisilacaktir. Bu baglamda Kamu Diplomasisi kavrami, Turkiye’nin Ortadogu’daki i...

The Boko Haram insurgency in Northeast Nigeria has precipitated a complex humanitarian crisis characterized by mass displacement, loss of lives, and socioeconomic disruption. Different development assistance organizations, such as the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), United Nations Development Program (UNDP), and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), have intervened to mitigate the adverse effects of Boko Haram terrorism in the northeast and Nigeria generally. These organizations’ activities have received scholars’ attention; however, the American University of Nigeria (AUN), a development university in the heart of the conflict zone, has received limited critical attention on its roles in combating the Boko Haram menace. This paper holistically examines AUN's strategic interventions in education, community engagement, and peacebuilding, underscoring the pivotal role of development universities in crisis mitigation and community resilience, especially in the developing world. Such initiatives include the Chibok Girls Education Initiative, the Feed and Read program, the Waste to Wealth project, and the AUN Adamawa Peace Initiative (API). Through these humanitarian-centered programs, AUN demonstrates its dedication to fostering human capital, empowering vulnerable populations, and promoting a culture of peace to alleviate Boko Haram terrorism. This research highlights the potential of development universities as agents of positive change in conflict-ridden societies, providing a model for community-engaged higher education institutions seeking to contribute to sustainable development and post-conflict recovery. By uniting research efforts and translating findings into action, AUN exemplifies the transformative power of knowledge and humanitarianism in combating security challenges and building a more resilient future for Northeast Nigeria.

The only viable solution is negotiations. The PTI must recognize that political solutions are forged through dialogue, not prolonged street protests that risk spiraling into anarchy. Similarly, the government and the military establishment need to engage the PTI in good faith, offering guarantees for a fair political process that may include holding fresh and free elections, as well as the release of its prisoners. Neutral mediators, perhaps from the judiciary or civil society, could facilitate these talks to ensure impartiality and credibility.

The Boko Haram conflict has been characterized by its protracted violence and socio-political complexities that posed significant challenges to peace and stability in Nigeria. Drawing parallels with the Northern Ireland Peace Process, which led to the cessation of decades-long sectarian violence, this paper evaluates the transferability of the strategies and mechanisms utilized in Northern Ireland to the Boko Haram context in Nigeria. Through a comparative analysis of the two conflicts, including factors such as historical context, political dynamics, and mediation efforts, the paper assesses the feasibility of adopting similar frameworks for dialogue, disarmament, and reconciliation in the Boko Haram conflict. Additionally, the paper identifies potential challenges, considering the unique religious, ethnic, and regional dimensions of the Nigerian conflict. The paper engages secondary sources comprising of official documents, News reports, books and scholarly literature from both Nigeria and international sources. The paper contributes to the discourse on conflict resolution by offering insights into the adaptability of peace-building models across diverse sociopolitical environments. Ultimately, the paper sheds light on the prospects for utilizing a successful peace process as a blueprint for addressing the complexities of the Boko Haram conflict and fostering sustainable peace in Nigeria. The paper recommended that governments at all tiers should endeavour to provide gainful employment for the growing population of Nigerians to counter BH and similar outfits.

State of the art: In recent years, research on organizational trust had increased quickly, expanding their study on different antecedents and consequences, including various organizational levels. For instance, contributions on trust in previous EAWOP Congresses focused on outcomes, its relationship with HRM or the process of re-building trust. Research found trust consistently related with positive attitudes and organizational outcomes. Contributions: This symposium aims to deeply examine some emergent issues in trust literature. First, reciprocity and mutuality in trust are considered relevant in research, although additional construct clarification is needed. Second, processes that are involved in trust development could be different depending on the nature of the relationship (among co-workers, or among workers and their supervisors). From this starting point, reciprocity, mutuality and congruence of trust are conceptually distinguished. Moreover, fairness is considered as antec...

From conflict escalation to workplace bullying: an analysis with the conflict management styles of the Dual Concern Theory From conflict escalation to workplace bullying: an analysis with the conflict management styles of the Dual Concern Theory E. Baillien, I. Neyens, H. De Witte & G. Notelaers, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 21, June 2008, nr. 2, pp. 113-136 Various studies report a relationship between conflicts and conflict escalation and workplace bullying. This study examines whether conflict management styles of team members explain the escalation of conflicts into workplace bullying. Inspired by the Dual Concern Theory, we assume that conflict escalation will lead to bullying when the team scores high on 'forcing' and 'avoiding'. When 'problem solving' and 'yielding' are dominant, workplace bullying will decrease. Hypotheses are tested within 5420 respondents. The results show a significant contribution from the interactions 'conflict freque...

PurposeTeamwork is important for firms’ innovation and effectiveness, but often within-team conflicts arise. Prior literature reported inconsistent associations between conflict and team outcomes. This study aims to clarify these relationships and examine if team reflexivity improves outcomes and weakens intragroup conflict tendencies.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through a survey questionnaire of 288 team members working on projects at 41 different high-tech firms in Jordan. The authors then built a model of intragroup conflict effects and used structural equation modeling to test for both direct and indirect effects.FindingsIndirect effects of intragroup conflict were significantly associated with teamwork quality. Teamwork quality was also significantly related to improved team outcomes, and team reflexivity moderated this relationship. Furthermore, it was found that the direct effect of intragroup conflict was not significantly related to either teamwork quality...

The study investigated differences in demographic variables on conflict management styles of special education sports administrators in secondary schools in Udi education. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. A descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The population for the study was fifty four sports administrators and three sports co - ordinators in Udi Education Zone. All the fifty seven (57) subjects were used for the study. A close ended questionnaire was used for data collection. Frequency and percentages were used to answer the research questions while Chi - square was used to test the hypothesis at .0 5 level of significance. It was found out that gender and marital status make no difference in the conflict management styles of sports administrators in Udi Education Zone. The findings showed that gender and marital status make no significant differences in conflict management styles of sports administrators in Udi Uducation Zone....

Conflict resolution and leadership is growing research topic in academic literature. The demand of leaders of organizations to manage conflicts requires further analysis of this topic. It is necessary for better understanding of conflict resolution relationship with leadership. Bibliometrical analysis reveals this relationship. The study analyses 526 references collected from the Web of Science database and uses the VOSviewer program to graphically map the material. The bibliometric analysis involves co-occurrence of keywords, co-citation and co-authorship. The results identify the leading trends and development status in terms of impact, main journals, authors, papers, topics and countries. The analysis and graphical presentations are relevant for researchers and practitioners for better understanding of the state of the art of concflict resolution and leadership.

This book deals with one of the Azerbaijani states - the Iravan Khanate (1747-1828) which has played an important role in the history of the South Caucasus. This Azerbaijani state struggled heroically against foreign invaders in the early 19th century. The history of the Iravan Khanate is an integral part of the rich material and moral cultural history of the Azerbaijani people, which has been formed for thousands of years. The Iravan Khanate is one of the Azerbaijani states or khanates established alter the fall of the Nadir Shah Empire in the middle of the 18th century. The current territory that the Republic of Armenia was, in the recent past - the beginning of the 19th century - Azerbaijani state of the Iravan Khanate. The original inhabitants of the lands were Azerbaijani Turks.